nousresearch--hermes-agent/website/docs/user-guide/features/goals.md

---
sidebar_position: 16
title: "Persistent Goals"
description: "Set a standing goal and let Hermes keep working across turns until it's done. Our take on the Ralph loop."
---

# Persistent Goals (`/goal`)

`/goal` gives Hermes a standing objective that survives across turns. After every turn a lightweight judge model checks whether the goal is satisfied by the assistant's last response. If not, Hermes automatically feeds a continuation prompt back into the same session and keeps working — until the goal is achieved, you pause or clear it, or the turn budget runs out.

It's our take on the **Ralph loop**, directly inspired by [Codex CLI 0.128.0's `/goal`](https://github.com/openai/codex) by Eric Traut (OpenAI). The core idea — keep a goal alive across turns and don't stop until it's achieved — is theirs. The implementation here is independent and adapted to Hermes' architecture.

## When to use it

Use `/goal` for tasks where you want Hermes to iterate on its own without you re-prompting every turn:

- "Fix every lint error in `src/` and verify `ruff check` passes"
- "Port feature X from repo Y, including tests, and get CI green"
- "Investigate why session IDs sometimes drift on mid-run compression and write up a report"
- "Build a small CLI to rename files by their EXIF dates, then test it against the photos/ folder"

Tasks where the agent does one turn and stops don't need `/goal`. Tasks where *you'd otherwise have to say "keep going" three times* are where this shines.

## Quick start

```
/goal Fix every failing test in tests/hermes_cli/ and make sure scripts/run_tests.sh passes for that directory
```

What you'll see:

1. **Goal accepted** — `⊙ Goal set (20-turn budget): <your goal>`
2. **Turn 1 runs** — Hermes starts working as if you'd sent the goal as a normal message.
3. **Judge runs** — after the turn, the judge model decides `done` or `continue`.
4. **Loop fires if needed** — if `continue`, you'll see `↻ Continuing toward goal (1/20): <judge's reason>` and Hermes takes the next step automatically.
5. **Terminates** — eventually you see either `✓ Goal achieved: <reason>` or `⏸ Goal paused — N/20 turns used`.

## Commands

| Command | What it does |
|---|---|
| `/goal <text>` | Set (or replace) the standing goal. Kicks off the first turn immediately so you don't need to send a separate message. |
| `/goal draft <text>` | Draft a structured completion contract from a plain-language objective, then set it. See [Completion contracts](#completion-contracts). |
| `/goal show` | Print the active goal's completion contract. |
| `/goal` or `/goal status` | Show the current goal, its status, and turns used. |
| `/goal pause` | Stop the auto-continuation loop without clearing the goal. |
| `/goal resume` | Resume the loop (resets the turn counter back to zero). |
| `/goal clear` | Drop the goal entirely. |
| `/goal wait <pid> [reason]` | Park the loop on a background process — it stops re-poking the agent every turn while the process runs, and auto-resumes when it exits. |
| `/goal unwait` | Drop the wait barrier and resume the loop immediately. |

Works identically on the CLI and every gateway platform (Telegram, Discord, Slack, Matrix, Signal, WhatsApp, SMS, iMessage, Webhook, API server, and the web dashboard).

## Completion contracts

A bare `/goal <text>` works fine, but a *vague* goal makes for vague judging — the judge can only check what you told it to want. Codex's `/goal` guidance makes the same point: a durable objective works best when it names **what done means, how to prove it, what not to break, what's in scope, and when to stop**. Hermes adapts this as an optional **completion contract** layered on top of the existing goal loop.

A contract has five fields, all optional:

| Field | Meaning |
|---|---|
| `outcome` | The single end state that must be true when done. |
| `verification` | The specific test / command / artifact that *proves* the outcome. |
| `constraints` | What must not change or regress. |
| `boundaries` | Which files, dirs, tools, or systems are in scope. |
| `stop_when` | The condition under which Hermes should stop and ask for input. |

When a contract is set, both prompts change: the **continuation prompt** tells the agent to target the verification surface and respect the constraints, and the **judge prompt** decides `done` *only when the verification criterion is met with concrete evidence* (a command result, file excerpt, test output) — not a loose "looks done" claim. This directly tightens the most common `/goal` failure mode (premature completion or endless over-continuation on an underspecified objective).

### Two ways to set a contract

**1. Let Hermes draft it** (recommended — adapted from Codex's "let the agent draft the goal" tip):

```
/goal draft Migrate the auth service from session cookies to JWT
```

Hermes expands your one-liner into a full contract via the `goal_judge` auxiliary model, sets it, and shows you the result so you can review or tighten any field. If the aux model is unavailable, it falls back to a plain free-form goal — drafting never blocks setting a goal.

**2. Write it inline** with `field: value` lines:

```
/goal Migrate auth to JWT
verify: pytest tests/auth passes
constraints: keep the /login response shape unchanged
boundaries: only touch services/auth and its tests
stop when: a DB schema migration is required
```

The first non-field line(s) are the goal headline; recognized field prefixes (`verify:`, `verified by:`, `constraints:`, `preserve:`, `boundaries:`, `scope:`, `stop when:`, `blocked:`, …) populate the contract. A plain goal with an incidental colon (`Fix bug: the parser drops commas`) is **not** mangled — only known field prefixes are pulled out.

Use `/goal show` to review the active contract. Contracts persist in `SessionDB.state_meta` alongside the goal, so they survive `/resume`. Old goals from before this feature load unchanged (no contract). Contracts and `/subgoal` criteria compose: subgoals fold into the contract as extra criteria the judge must also satisfy.

## Adding criteria mid-goal: `/subgoal`

While a goal is active you can append extra acceptance criteria with `/subgoal <text>` without resetting the loop. Each call adds one numbered item to the goal's subgoal list; the **continuation prompt** the agent sees on the next turn includes the original goal plus an "Additional criteria the user added mid-loop" block, and the **judge prompt** is rewritten so the verdict must consider every subgoal — the goal isn't marked done until the original objective **and** every subgoal are met.

| Command | What it does |
|---|---|
| `/subgoal <text>` | Append a new criterion to the active goal. Requires an active `/goal`. |
| `/subgoal` (no args) | Show the current numbered subgoal list. |
| `/subgoal remove <N>` | Remove the Nth subgoal (1-based). |
| `/subgoal clear` | Drop every subgoal but keep the original goal intact. |

Subgoals are persisted alongside the goal in `SessionDB.state_meta`, so they survive `/resume`. Setting a new `/goal <text>` replaces the goal and clears the subgoal list; `/goal clear` does the same.

Use this when you start a loop ("fix the failing tests") and notice partway through that you also want it to "and add a regression test for the bug you just patched" — `/subgoal add a regression test` tightens the success criteria without breaking the running loop.

## Parking on a background process: automatic, with a manual override

Some goals are gated on something that takes minutes and runs on its own — CI on a pushed PR, a long build, a test matrix, a deploy, a rate-limit cooldown. Without help, the goal loop would re-poke the agent every turn into "is it done yet?" busy-work while it waits.

**This is handled automatically.** Every turn, the judge is shown the agent's live background processes (the `terminal(background=true)` registry — pid, session id, command, uptime, recent output, and any `watch_patterns` / `notify_on_complete` trigger) alongside the goal and the agent's response. When the agent's progress is genuinely gated on one of them, the judge returns a **`wait`** verdict instead of `continue`, and the loop **parks**: the next turns are skipped (no judge call, no continuation, no turn consumed) until the wait is satisfied — then it resumes normally with the result in hand. The judge can also park on a **time** basis (`wait_for_seconds`) for backoff/cooldown waits. `/goal status` shows `⏳ Goal (parked …)` while parked.

The judge picks the right kind of wait from the process's own signal:

- **`wait_on_session <id>`** — releases when the process's *own trigger* fires: it exits, **or** (if it was started with `watch_patterns`) its pattern matches. This is the one for a long-lived watcher / server / poller that signals **mid-run** (e.g. a build process that prints `BUILD SUCCESSFUL` and keeps running, or a `notify_on_complete` watcher) and may never exit on its own.
- **`wait_on_pid <pid>`** — releases on process exit only.
- **`wait_for_seconds <n>`** — releases after a fixed delay.

You don't type anything for this — it's the judge's decision, made from the process context the loop hands it. The manual commands exist as an override:

| Command | What it does |
|---|---|
| `/goal wait <pid> [reason]` | Manually park the loop until the process with that PID exits. |
| `/goal unwait` | Clear any wait barrier (judge- or manually-set) and resume immediately. |

The barrier (pid- or time-based) is persisted with the goal in `SessionDB.state_meta`, so it survives `/resume`. `/goal pause`, `/goal resume`, and `/goal clear` all drop it. If the PID is already dead when the barrier is set (or dies while parked), or the time deadline passes, the barrier clears on the next check — a stale barrier can never wedge the loop.

Typical flow: the agent pushes a PR, starts a CI watcher with `terminal(background=true, notify_on_complete=true)`, and reports "watching CI." The judge sees the watcher process still running, returns `wait` on its pid, and the loop goes quiet — then picks back up the instant CI finishes and judges the goal against the actual result.

## Behavior details

### The judge

After every turn, Hermes calls an auxiliary model with:

- The standing goal text
- The agent's most recent final response (last ~4 KB of text)
- A system prompt telling the judge to reply with strict JSON: `{"done": <bool>, "reason": "<one-sentence rationale>"}`

The judge is deliberately conservative: it marks a goal `done` only when the response **explicitly** confirms the goal is complete, when the final deliverable is clearly produced, or when the goal is unachievable/blocked (treated as DONE with a block reason so we don't burn budget on impossible tasks).

### Fail-open semantics

If the judge errors (network blip, malformed response, unavailable aux client), Hermes treats the verdict as `continue` — a broken judge never wedges progress. The **turn budget** is the real backstop.

### Turn budget

Default is 20 continuation turns (`goals.max_turns` in `config.yaml`). When the budget is hit, Hermes auto-pauses and tells you exactly how to proceed:

```
⏸ Goal paused — 20/20 turns used. Use /goal resume to keep going, or /goal clear to stop.
```

`/goal resume` resets the counter to zero, so you can keep going in measured chunks.

### User messages always preempt

Any real message you send while a goal is active takes priority over the continuation loop. On the CLI your message lands in `_pending_input` ahead of the queued continuation; on the gateway it goes through the adapter FIFO the same way. The judge runs again after your turn — so if your message happens to complete the goal, the judge will catch it and stop.

### Mid-run safety (gateway)

While an agent is already running, `/goal status`, `/goal pause`, `/goal clear`, `/goal wait`, and `/goal unwait` are safe to run — they only touch control-plane state and don't interrupt the current turn. Setting a **new** goal mid-run (`/goal <new text>`) is rejected with a message telling you to `/stop` first, so the old continuation can't race the new one.

### Persistence

Goal state lives in `SessionDB.state_meta` keyed by `goal:<session_id>`. That means `/resume` picks up right where you left off — set a goal, close your laptop, come back tomorrow, `/resume`, and the goal is still standing exactly as you left it (active, paused, or done).

### Prompt cache

The continuation prompt is a plain user-role message appended to history. It does **not** mutate the system prompt, swap toolsets, or touch the conversation in any way that invalidates Hermes' prompt cache. Running a 20-turn goal costs the same cache-wise as 20 turns of normal conversation.

## Configuration

Add to `~/.hermes/config.yaml`:

```yaml
goals:
  # Max continuation turns before Hermes auto-pauses and asks you to
  # /goal resume. Default 20. Lower this if you want tighter loops;
  # raise it for long-running refactors.
  max_turns: 20
```

### Choosing the judge model

The judge uses the `goal_judge` auxiliary task. By default it resolves to your main model (see [Auxiliary Models](/user-guide/configuration#auxiliary-models)). If you want to route the judge to a cheap fast model to keep costs down, add an override:

```yaml
auxiliary:
  goal_judge:
    provider: openrouter
    model: google/gemini-3-flash-preview
```

The judge call is small (~200 output tokens) and runs once per turn, so a cheap fast model is usually the right call.

## Example walkthrough

```
You: /goal Create four files /tmp/note_{1..4}.txt, one per turn, each containing its number as text

  ⊙ Goal set (20-turn budget): Create four files /tmp/note_{1..4}.txt, one per turn, each containing its number as text

Hermes: Creating /tmp/note_1.txt now.
  💻 echo "1" > /tmp/note_1.txt   (0.1s)
  I've created /tmp/note_1.txt with the content "1". I'll continue with the remaining files on the next turn as you specified.

  ↻ Continuing toward goal (1/20): Only 1 of 4 files has been created; 3 files remain.

Hermes: [Continuing toward your standing goal]
  💻 echo "2" > /tmp/note_2.txt   (0.1s)
  Created /tmp/note_2.txt. Two more to go.

  ↻ Continuing toward goal (2/20): 2 of 4 files created; 2 remain.

Hermes: [Continuing toward your standing goal]
  💻 echo "3" > /tmp/note_3.txt   (0.1s)
  Created /tmp/note_3.txt.

  ↻ Continuing toward goal (3/20): 3 of 4 files created; 1 remains.

Hermes: [Continuing toward your standing goal]
  💻 echo "4" > /tmp/note_4.txt   (0.1s)
  All four files have been created: /tmp/note_1.txt through /tmp/note_4.txt, each containing its number.

  ✓ Goal achieved: All four files were created with the specified content, completing the goal.

You: _
```

Four turns, one `/goal` invocation, zero "keep going" prompts from you.

## When the judge gets it wrong

No judge is perfect. Two failure modes to watch for:

**False negative — judge says continue when the goal is actually done.** The turn budget catches this. You'll see `⏸ Goal paused` and can `/goal clear` or just send a new message.

**False positive — judge says done when work remains.** You'll see `✓ Goal achieved` but you know better. Send a follow-up message to continue, or re-set the goal more precisely: `/goal <more specific text>`. The judge's system prompt is deliberately conservative to make false positives rarer than false negatives.

If you find a judge verdict unconvincing, the reason text in the `↻ Continuing toward goal` or `✓ Goal achieved` line tells you exactly what the judge saw. That's usually enough to diagnose whether the goal text was ambiguous or the model's response was.

## Attribution

`/goal` is Hermes' take on the **Ralph loop** pattern. The user-facing design — keep a goal alive across turns, don't stop until it's achieved, with create/pause/resume/clear controls — was popularised and shipped in [Codex CLI 0.128.0](https://github.com/openai/codex) by Eric Traut on OpenAI's Codex team. Our implementation is independent (central `CommandDef` registry, `SessionDB.state_meta` persistence, auxiliary-client judge, adapter-FIFO continuation on the gateway side) but the idea is theirs. Credit where credit's due.