docs: preserve upstream English README
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<p align="center">
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<h1 align="center">RustNet</h1>
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<p align="center">
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<strong>Per-process network monitoring for your terminal: live TCP, UDP, and QUIC connections with deep packet inspection, sandboxed by default.</strong>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://ratatui.rs/"><img src="https://ratatui.rs/built-with-ratatui/badge.svg" alt="Built With Ratatui"></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/domcyrus/rustnet/actions"><img src="https://github.com/domcyrus/rustnet/workflows/Rust/badge.svg" alt="Build Status"></a>
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<a href="https://crates.io/crates/rustnet-monitor"><img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/rustnet-monitor.svg" alt="Crates.io"></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/domcyrus/rustnet/stargazers"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/domcyrus/rustnet?style=flat&logo=github" alt="GitHub Stars"></a>
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<a href="LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache--2.0-blue.svg" alt="License"></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/domcyrus/rustnet/releases"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/domcyrus/rustnet.svg" alt="GitHub release"></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/domcyrus/rustnet/pkgs/container/rustnet"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/docker-ghcr.io-blue?logo=docker" alt="Docker Image"></a>
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</p>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<strong>English</strong> | <a href="README.zh-CN.md">简体中文</a>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<img src="./assets/rustnet.gif" alt="RustNet demo" width="800">
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<em>Real-time visibility into every connection your machine makes, who owns it, and what protocol it's speaking. No tcpdump, X11 forwarding, or root piping.</em>
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</p>
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## Features
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- **Per-process attribution**: Every TCP, UDP, and QUIC connection mapped to its owning process, via eBPF on Linux, PKTAP on macOS, native APIs on Windows and FreeBSD. Wireshark and tcpdump can't do this; `netstat` / `ss` can't show live state.
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- **Deep packet inspection**: Identify HTTP, HTTPS/TLS with SNI, DNS, SSH, FTP, QUIC, MQTT, BitTorrent, STUN, NTP, mDNS, LLMNR, DHCP, SNMP, SSDP, and NetBIOS, without external dissectors.
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- **Annotated PCAPNG export**: `--pcapng-export` writes a Wireshark-ready capture with process, PID, direction, DPI/SNI, and GeoIP embedded as per-packet comments. Open it in Wireshark and every packet already names its owning process, with no post-processing. Classic `--pcap-export` with a JSONL sidecar for offline correlation is also available.
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- **Security sandboxing**: Landlock (Linux 5.13+), Seatbelt (macOS), token privilege drop + job-object child-process block (Windows). Drops privileges immediately after libpcap initializes. See [SECURITY.md](SECURITY.md).
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- **TCP network analytics**: Real-time retransmissions, out-of-order packets, and fast-retransmit detection, per-connection and aggregate.
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- **Smart connection lifecycle**: Protocol-aware timeouts with white → yellow → red staleness indicators. Toggle `t` to keep historic (closed) connections visible for forensics.
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- **Vim/fzf-style filtering**: `port:`, `src:`, `dst:`, `sni:`, `process:`, `state:`, `proto:`, plus regex via `/(?i)pattern/`.
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- **GeoIP enrichment**: Country lookups via local MaxMind GeoLite2. No network calls.
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- **Kubernetes attribution** (optional `kubernetes` feature): connections mapped to their pod, namespace, and container, shown in the details pane, JSON/PCAPNG exports, and the `pod:`, `ns:`, `container:` filters. Enabled in the official Docker image; on a cluster, use the [kubectl-rustnet](https://github.com/domcyrus/kubectl-rustnet) plugin to run it as an ephemeral debug pod. See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md#--kubernetes-mode-optional-feature).
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- **Cross-platform**: Linux, macOS, Windows, FreeBSD.
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## Why RustNet?
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RustNet fills the gap between simple connection tools (`netstat`, `ss`) and packet analyzers (`Wireshark`, `tcpdump`):
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- **Process attribution**: See which application owns each connection. Wireshark cannot provide this because it only sees packets, not sockets.
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- **Connection-centric view**: Track states, bandwidth, and protocols per connection in real-time
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- **SSH-friendly**: TUI works over SSH so you can quickly see what's happening on a remote server without forwarding X11 or capturing traffic
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RustNet complements packet capture tools. Use RustNet to see *what's making connections*. For direct Wireshark inspection, `--pcapng-export` writes live best-effort packet comments with PID/process context. For cleanup-time correlation, use `--pcap-export` plus the JSONL sidecar and optional `scripts/pcap_enrich.py`. See [PCAP Export](USAGE.md#pcap-export) and [Comparison with Similar Tools](ARCHITECTURE.md#comparison-with-similar-tools) for details.
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Built on ratatui, libpcap, eBPF (libbpf-rs), DashMap, crossbeam, ring, MaxMind GeoLite2, and Landlock. See [ARCHITECTURE.md](ARCHITECTURE.md#dependencies) for the full dependency breakdown.
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<details>
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<summary><b>eBPF Enhanced Process Identification (Linux Default)</b></summary>
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RustNet uses kernel eBPF programs by default on Linux for enhanced performance and lower overhead process identification. However, this comes with important limitations:
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**Process Name Limitations:**
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- eBPF uses the kernel's `comm` field, which is limited to 16 characters
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- Shows the task/thread command name, not the full executable path
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- Multi-threaded applications often show thread names instead of the main process name
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**Real-world Examples:**
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- **Firefox**: May appear as "Socket Thread", "Web Content", "Isolated Web Co", or "MainThread"
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- **Chrome**: May appear as "ThreadPoolForeg", "Chrome_IOThread", "BrokerProcess", or "SandboxHelper"
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- **Electron apps**: Often show as "electron", "node", or internal thread names
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- **System processes**: Show truncated names like "systemd-resolve" → "systemd-resolve"
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**Fallback Behavior:**
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- When eBPF fails to load or lacks sufficient permissions, RustNet automatically falls back to standard procfs-based process identification
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- Standard mode provides full process names but with higher CPU overhead
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- eBPF is enabled by default; no special build flags needed
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To disable eBPF and use procfs-only mode, build with:
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```bash
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cargo build --release --no-default-features
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```
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See [ARCHITECTURE.md](ARCHITECTURE.md) for technical information.
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary><b>Interface Statistics Monitoring</b></summary>
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RustNet provides real-time network interface statistics across all supported platforms:
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- **Overview Tab**: Shows active interfaces with current rates, errors, and drops
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- **Interfaces Tab** (press `3`): Detailed table with comprehensive metrics for all interfaces
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- **Cross-Platform**: Linux (sysfs), macOS/FreeBSD (getifaddrs), Windows (GetIfTable2 API)
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- **Smart Filtering**: Windows automatically excludes virtual/filter adapters
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See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md#interface-statistics) for detailed documentation on interpreting interface statistics and platform-specific behavior.
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**Metrics Available:**
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- Total bytes and packets (RX/TX)
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- Error counters (receive and transmit)
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- Packet drops (queue overflows)
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- Collisions (legacy, rarely used on modern networks)
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Stats are collected every 2 seconds in a background thread with minimal performance impact.
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</details>
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## Screenshots
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td align="center"><strong>Overview</strong><br>Connections table with live stats and sparklines<br><img src="./assets/screenshots/overview.png" width="400"></td>
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<td align="center"><strong>Details</strong><br>Per-connection SNI, cipher, GeoIP, DPI<br><img src="./assets/screenshots/details.png" width="400"></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="center"><strong>Graph</strong><br>Traffic chart, app distribution, top processes<br><img src="./assets/screenshots/graph.png" width="400"></td>
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<td align="center"><strong>Interfaces</strong><br>Per-interface RX/TX history with errors and drops<br><img src="./assets/screenshots/interfaces.png" width="400"></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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## Quick Start
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### Installation
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**Homebrew (macOS / Linux):**
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```bash
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brew install rustnet
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```
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**Ubuntu (25.10+):**
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```bash
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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:domcyrus/rustnet
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sudo apt update && sudo apt install rustnet
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```
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**Fedora (42+):**
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```bash
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sudo dnf copr enable domcyrus/rustnet
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sudo dnf install rustnet
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```
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**openSUSE Tumbleweed:**
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```bash
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sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/domcyrus:/rustnet/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/home:domcyrus:rustnet.repo
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sudo zypper refresh
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sudo zypper install rustnet
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```
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**Arch Linux:**
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```bash
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sudo pacman -S rustnet
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```
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**Nix / NixOS:**
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```bash
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nix-shell -p rustnet
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# Then inside the shell: sudo rustnet
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```
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**From crates.io:**
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```bash
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cargo install rustnet-monitor
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```
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**Windows (Chocolatey):**
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```powershell
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# Run in Administrator PowerShell
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# Requires Npcap (https://npcap.com) installed with "WinPcap API-compatible Mode" enabled
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choco install rustnet
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```
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**Other platforms:**
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- **FreeBSD**: Download from [rustnet-bsd releases](https://github.com/domcyrus/rustnet-bsd/releases)
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- **Docker, source builds, other Linux distros**: See [INSTALL.md](INSTALL.md) for detailed instructions
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### Running RustNet
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Packet capture requires elevated privileges:
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```bash
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# Quick start (all platforms)
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sudo rustnet
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# Linux: Grant capabilities to run without sudo (recommended)
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sudo setcap 'cap_net_raw,cap_bpf,cap_perfmon+eip' $(which rustnet)
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rustnet
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```
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**Common options:**
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```bash
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rustnet -i eth0 # Specify network interface
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rustnet --show-localhost # Show localhost connections
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rustnet --no-resolve-dns # Disable reverse DNS lookups (enabled by default)
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rustnet -r 500 # Set refresh interval (ms)
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rustnet --theme classic # Original full-color palette (default: muted)
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rustnet --pcapng-export capture.pcapng # Annotated PCAPNG for Wireshark
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```
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See [INSTALL.md](INSTALL.md) for detailed permission setup and [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for complete options.
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> If you set capabilities but the TUI still shows `eBPF unavailable`, see
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> [eBPF Unavailable Despite Capabilities Being Set](INSTALL.md#ebpf-unavailable-despite-capabilities-being-set)
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> in the troubleshooting section.
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## Keyboard Controls
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| Key | Action |
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|-----|--------|
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| `q` | Quit (press twice to confirm) |
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| `Ctrl+C` | Quit immediately |
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| `x` | Clear all connections (press twice to confirm) |
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| `Tab` or `]` | Next tab |
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| `Shift+Tab` or `[` | Previous tab |
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| `1`–`5` | Jump to Overview / Details / Interfaces / Graph / Help |
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| `↑/k` `↓/j` | Navigate up/down |
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| `g` `G` | Jump to first/last connection |
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| `Enter` | View connection details |
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| `Esc` | Go back or clear filter |
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| `c` | Copy remote address |
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| `p` | Toggle service names/ports |
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| `d` | Toggle hostnames/IPs |
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| `s` `S` | Cycle sort columns / toggle direction |
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| `a` | Toggle process grouping |
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| `Space` | Expand/collapse process group |
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| `←/→` or `h/l` | Collapse/expand group |
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| `PageUp/PageDown` or `Ctrl+B/F` | Page navigation |
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| `t` | Toggle historic (closed) connections |
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| `i` | Toggle the System info sidebar |
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| `r` | Reset view (grouping, sort, filter) |
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| `/` | Enter filter mode |
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| `h` | Toggle help |
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See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for detailed keyboard controls and navigation tips.
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## Filtering & Sorting
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**Quick filtering examples:**
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```
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/google # Search for "google" anywhere
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/port:443 # Filter by port
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/process:firefox # Filter by process
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/state:established # Filter by connection state
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/dport:443 sni:github.com # Combine filters
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```
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**Sorting:**
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- Press `s` to cycle through sortable columns (Process, Addresses, Service, Application, State, Bandwidth)
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- Press `S` (Shift+s) to toggle sort direction
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- Find bandwidth hogs: Press `s` until "Bandwidth Total ↓" appears (sorts by combined up+down speed)
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See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for complete filtering syntax and sorting guide.
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<details>
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<summary><b>Advanced Filtering Examples</b></summary>
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**Keyword filters:**
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- `port:44` - Ports containing "44" (443, 8080, 4433)
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- `sport:80` - Source ports containing "80"
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- `dport:443` - Destination ports containing "443"
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- `src:192.168` - Source IPs containing "192.168"
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- `dst:github.com` - Destinations containing "github.com"
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- `process:ssh` - Process names containing "ssh"
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- `sni:api` - SNI hostnames containing "api"
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- `app:openssh` - SSH connections using OpenSSH
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- `state:established` - Filter by protocol state
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- `proto:tcp` - Filter by protocol type
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**State filtering:**
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- `state:syn_recv` - Half-open connections (SYN flood detection)
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- `state:established` - Established connections only
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- `state:quic_connected` - Active QUIC connections
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- `state:dns_query` - DNS query connections
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**Combined examples:**
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- `sport:80 process:nginx` - Nginx connections from port 80
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- `dport:443 sni:google.com` - HTTPS to Google
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- `process:firefox state:quic_connected` - Firefox QUIC connections
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- `dport:22 app:openssh state:established` - Established OpenSSH connections
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary><b>Connection Lifecycle & Visual Indicators</b></summary>
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RustNet uses smart timeouts and visual warnings before removing connections:
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**Visual staleness indicators:**
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- **White**: Active (< 75% of timeout)
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- **Yellow**: Stale (75-90% of timeout)
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- **Red**: Critical (> 90% of timeout)
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**Protocol-aware timeouts:**
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- **HTTP/HTTPS**: 10 minutes (supports keep-alive)
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- **SSH**: 30 minutes (long sessions)
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- **TCP active**: 10 minutes, idle: 5 minutes
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- **QUIC connected**: 3 minutes (or peer's transport-param idle timeout, when present); `Initial`/`Handshaking`: 60 seconds
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- **DNS**: 30 seconds
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- **TCP CLOSED**: 5 seconds
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Example: An HTTP connection turns yellow at 7.5 min, red at 9 min, and is removed at 10 min.
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See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for complete timeout details.
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</details>
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## Documentation
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- **[INSTALL.md](INSTALL.md)** - Detailed installation instructions for all platforms, permission setup, and troubleshooting
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- **[USAGE.md](USAGE.md)** - Complete usage guide including command-line options, filtering, sorting, and logging
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- **[SECURITY.md](SECURITY.md)** - Security features including Landlock sandboxing and privilege management
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- **[ARCHITECTURE.md](ARCHITECTURE.md)** - Technical architecture, platform implementations, and performance details
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- **[PROFILING.md](PROFILING.md)** - Performance profiling guide with flamegraph setup and optimization tips
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- **[ROADMAP.md](ROADMAP.md)** - Planned features and future improvements
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- **[RELEASE.md](RELEASE.md)** - Release process for maintainers
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## Contributing
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Contributions are welcome! Please see [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) for guidelines on how to contribute.
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See [CONTRIBUTORS.md](CONTRIBUTORS.md) for a list of people who have contributed to this project.
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## License
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This project is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 - see the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.
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## Acknowledgments
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- Built with [ratatui](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui) for the terminal UI
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- Packet capture powered by [libpcap](https://www.tcpdump.org/)
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- Inspired by tools like `tshark/wireshark/tcpdump`, `sniffnet`, `netstat`, `ss`, `iftop`, and [bandwhich](https://github.com/imsnif/bandwhich)
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- Some code is vibe coded (OMG) / may the LLM gods be with you
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---
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## Documentation Moved
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Some sections have been moved to dedicated files for better organization:
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- **Permissions Setup**: Now in [INSTALL.md - Permissions Setup](INSTALL.md#permissions-setup)
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- **Installation Instructions**: Now in [INSTALL.md](INSTALL.md)
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- **Detailed Usage**: Now in [USAGE.md](USAGE.md)
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- **Architecture Details**: Now in [ARCHITECTURE.md](ARCHITECTURE.md)
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