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---
paths:
- "**/*.rs"
---
# Rust テスト
> このファイルは [common/testing.md](../common/testing.md) を Rust 固有のコンテンツで拡張します。
## テストフレームワーク
- ユニットテストには `#[cfg(test)]` モジュール内の **`#[test]`** を使用する
- パラメータ化テストとフィクスチャには **rstest** を使用する
- プロパティベーステストには **proptest** を使用する
- トレイトベースのモッキングには **mockall** を使用する
- 非同期テストには **`#[tokio::test]`** を使用する
## テストの構成
```text
my_crate/
├── src/
│ ├── lib.rs # #[cfg(test)] モジュール内のユニットテスト
│ ├── auth/
│ │ └── mod.rs # #[cfg(test)] mod tests { ... }
│ └── orders/
│ └── service.rs # #[cfg(test)] mod tests { ... }
├── tests/ # 統合テスト(各ファイル = 個別のバイナリ)
│ ├── api_test.rs
│ ├── db_test.rs
│ └── common/ # 共有テストユーティリティ
│ └── mod.rs
└── benches/ # Criterion ベンチマーク
└── benchmark.rs
```
ユニットテストは同じファイル内の `#[cfg(test)]` モジュールに配置する。統合テストは `tests/` に配置する。
## ユニットテストのパターン
```rust
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn creates_user_with_valid_email() {
let user = User::new("Alice", "alice@example.com").unwrap();
assert_eq!(user.name, "Alice");
}
#[test]
fn rejects_invalid_email() {
let result = User::new("Bob", "not-an-email");
assert!(result.is_err());
assert!(result.unwrap_err().to_string().contains("invalid email"));
}
}
```
## パラメータ化テスト
```rust
use rstest::rstest;
#[rstest]
#[case("hello", 5)]
#[case("", 0)]
#[case("rust", 4)]
fn test_string_length(#[case] input: &str, #[case] expected: usize) {
assert_eq!(input.len(), expected);
}
```
## 非同期テスト
```rust
#[tokio::test]
async fn fetches_data_successfully() {
let client = TestClient::new().await;
let result = client.get("/data").await;
assert!(result.is_ok());
}
```
## mockall によるモッキング
本番コードでトレイトを定義し、テストモジュールでモックを生成する:
```rust
// 本番トレイト — 統合テストがインポートできるように pub にする
pub trait UserRepository {
fn find_by_id(&self, id: u64) -> Option<User>;
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use mockall::predicate::eq;
mockall::mock! {
pub Repo {}
impl UserRepository for Repo {
fn find_by_id(&self, id: u64) -> Option<User>;
}
}
#[test]
fn service_returns_user_when_found() {
let mut mock = MockRepo::new();
mock.expect_find_by_id()
.with(eq(42))
.times(1)
.returning(|_| Some(User { id: 42, name: "Alice".into() }));
let service = UserService::new(Box::new(mock));
let user = service.get_user(42).unwrap();
assert_eq!(user.name, "Alice");
}
}
```
## テストの命名
シナリオを説明する記述的な名前を使用する:
- `creates_user_with_valid_email()`
- `rejects_order_when_insufficient_stock()`
- `returns_none_when_not_found()`
## カバレッジ
- 80%以上の行カバレッジを目標にする
- カバレッジレポートには **cargo-llvm-cov** を使用する
- ビジネスロジックに集中する — 生成コードと FFI バインディングは除外する
```bash
cargo llvm-cov # サマリー
cargo llvm-cov --html # HTML レポート
cargo llvm-cov --fail-under-lines 80 # しきい値以下で失敗
```
## テストコマンド
```bash
cargo test # すべてのテストを実行
cargo test -- --nocapture # println 出力を表示
cargo test test_name # パターンに一致するテストを実行
cargo test --lib # ユニットテストのみ
cargo test --test api_test # 特定の統合テスト(tests/api_test.rs
cargo test --doc # ドキュメントテストのみ
```
## 参考
プロパティベーステスト、フィクスチャ、Criterion によるベンチマークを含む包括的なテストパターンについてはスキル: `rust-testing` を参照。