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Markdown

---
paths:
- "**/*.pl"
- "**/*.pm"
- "**/*.t"
- "**/*.psgi"
- "**/*.cgi"
---
# Perl パターン
> このファイルは [common/patterns.md](../common/patterns.md) を Perl 固有のコンテンツで拡張します。
## リポジトリパターン
**DBI** または **DBIx::Class** をインターフェースの背後に使用する:
```perl
package MyApp::Repo::User;
use Moo;
has dbh => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
sub find_by_id ($self, $id) {
my $sth = $self->dbh->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?');
$sth->execute($id);
return $sth->fetchrow_hashref;
}
```
## DTO / 値オブジェクト
**Moo** クラスと **Types::Standard** を使用する(Python の dataclass に相当):
```perl
package MyApp::DTO::User;
use Moo;
use Types::Standard qw(Str Int);
has name => (is => 'ro', isa => Str, required => 1);
has email => (is => 'ro', isa => Str, required => 1);
has age => (is => 'ro', isa => Int);
```
## リソース管理
- 常に `autodie` 付きの **3引数 open** を使用する
- ファイル操作には **Path::Tiny** を使用する
```perl
use autodie;
use Path::Tiny;
my $content = path('config.json')->slurp_utf8;
```
## モジュールインターフェース
`Exporter 'import'``@EXPORT_OK` を使用する — `@EXPORT` は使用しない:
```perl
use Exporter 'import';
our @EXPORT_OK = qw(parse_config validate_input);
```
## 依存関係管理
再現可能なインストールのために **cpanfile** + **carton** を使用する:
```bash
carton install
carton exec prove -lr t/
```
## リファレンス
スキル: `perl-patterns` で包括的なモダン Perl のパターンとイディオムを参照してください。