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147 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
147 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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paths:
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- "**/*.kt"
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- "**/*.kts"
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---
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# Kotlin パターン
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> このファイルは [common/patterns.md](../common/patterns.md) を Kotlin および Android/KMP 固有のコンテンツで拡張します。
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## 依存性注入
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コンストラクタインジェクションを優先する。Koin(KMP)または Hilt(Android のみ)を使用:
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```kotlin
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// Koin — モジュール宣言
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val dataModule = module {
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single<ItemRepository> { ItemRepositoryImpl(get(), get()) }
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factory { GetItemsUseCase(get()) }
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viewModelOf(::ItemListViewModel)
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}
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// Hilt — アノテーション
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@HiltViewModel
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class ItemListViewModel @Inject constructor(
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private val getItems: GetItemsUseCase
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) : ViewModel()
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```
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## ViewModel パターン
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単一の状態オブジェクト、イベントシンク、単方向データフロー:
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```kotlin
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data class ScreenState(
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val items: List<Item> = emptyList(),
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val isLoading: Boolean = false
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)
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class ScreenViewModel(private val useCase: GetItemsUseCase) : ViewModel() {
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private val _state = MutableStateFlow(ScreenState())
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val state = _state.asStateFlow()
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fun onEvent(event: ScreenEvent) {
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when (event) {
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is ScreenEvent.Load -> load()
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is ScreenEvent.Delete -> delete(event.id)
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## リポジトリパターン
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- `suspend` 関数は `Result<T>` またはカスタムエラー型を返す
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- リアクティブストリームには `Flow`
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- ローカルとリモートのデータソースを調整する
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```kotlin
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interface ItemRepository {
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suspend fun getById(id: String): Result<Item>
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suspend fun getAll(): Result<List<Item>>
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fun observeAll(): Flow<List<Item>>
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}
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```
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## UseCase パターン
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単一責任、`operator fun invoke`:
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```kotlin
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class GetItemUseCase(private val repository: ItemRepository) {
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suspend operator fun invoke(id: String): Result<Item> {
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return repository.getById(id)
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}
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}
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class GetItemsUseCase(private val repository: ItemRepository) {
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suspend operator fun invoke(): Result<List<Item>> {
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return repository.getAll()
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}
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}
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```
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## expect/actual(KMP)
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プラットフォーム固有の実装に使用:
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```kotlin
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// commonMain
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expect fun platformName(): String
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expect class SecureStorage {
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fun save(key: String, value: String)
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fun get(key: String): String?
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}
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// androidMain
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actual fun platformName(): String = "Android"
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actual class SecureStorage {
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actual fun save(key: String, value: String) { /* EncryptedSharedPreferences */ }
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actual fun get(key: String): String? = null /* ... */
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}
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// iosMain
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actual fun platformName(): String = "iOS"
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actual class SecureStorage {
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actual fun save(key: String, value: String) { /* Keychain */ }
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actual fun get(key: String): String? = null /* ... */
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}
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```
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## コルーチンパターン
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- ViewModel では `viewModelScope`、構造化された子作業には `coroutineScope` を使用
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- コールド Flow から StateFlow への変換には `stateIn(viewModelScope, SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(5_000), initialValue)` を使用
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- 子の失敗を独立させる場合は `supervisorScope` を使用
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## DSL を使った Builder パターン
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```kotlin
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class HttpClientConfig {
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var baseUrl: String = ""
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var timeout: Long = 30_000
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private val interceptors = mutableListOf<Interceptor>()
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fun interceptor(block: () -> Interceptor) {
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interceptors.add(block())
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}
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}
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fun httpClient(block: HttpClientConfig.() -> Unit): HttpClient {
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val config = HttpClientConfig().apply(block)
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return HttpClient(config)
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}
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// 使用例
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val client = httpClient {
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baseUrl = "https://api.example.com"
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timeout = 15_000
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interceptor { AuthInterceptor(tokenProvider) }
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}
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```
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## リファレンス
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スキル: `kotlin-coroutines-flows` で詳細なコルーチンパターンを参照してください。
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スキル: `android-clean-architecture` でモジュールとレイヤーパターンを参照してください。
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