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155 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
155 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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paths:
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- "**/*.rs"
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---
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# Rust テスト
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> このファイルは [common/testing.md](../common/testing.md) を Rust 固有のコンテンツで拡張します。
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## テストフレームワーク
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- ユニットテストには `#[cfg(test)]` モジュール内の **`#[test]`** を使用する
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- パラメータ化テストとフィクスチャには **rstest** を使用する
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- プロパティベーステストには **proptest** を使用する
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- トレイトベースのモッキングには **mockall** を使用する
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- 非同期テストには **`#[tokio::test]`** を使用する
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## テストの構成
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```text
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my_crate/
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├── src/
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│ ├── lib.rs # #[cfg(test)] モジュール内のユニットテスト
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│ ├── auth/
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│ │ └── mod.rs # #[cfg(test)] mod tests { ... }
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│ └── orders/
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│ └── service.rs # #[cfg(test)] mod tests { ... }
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├── tests/ # 統合テスト(各ファイル = 個別のバイナリ)
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│ ├── api_test.rs
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│ ├── db_test.rs
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│ └── common/ # 共有テストユーティリティ
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│ └── mod.rs
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└── benches/ # Criterion ベンチマーク
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└── benchmark.rs
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```
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ユニットテストは同じファイル内の `#[cfg(test)]` モジュールに配置する。統合テストは `tests/` に配置する。
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## ユニットテストのパターン
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```rust
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#[cfg(test)]
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mod tests {
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use super::*;
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#[test]
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fn creates_user_with_valid_email() {
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let user = User::new("Alice", "alice@example.com").unwrap();
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assert_eq!(user.name, "Alice");
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}
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#[test]
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fn rejects_invalid_email() {
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let result = User::new("Bob", "not-an-email");
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assert!(result.is_err());
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assert!(result.unwrap_err().to_string().contains("invalid email"));
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}
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}
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```
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## パラメータ化テスト
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```rust
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use rstest::rstest;
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#[rstest]
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#[case("hello", 5)]
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#[case("", 0)]
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#[case("rust", 4)]
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fn test_string_length(#[case] input: &str, #[case] expected: usize) {
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assert_eq!(input.len(), expected);
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}
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```
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## 非同期テスト
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```rust
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#[tokio::test]
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async fn fetches_data_successfully() {
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let client = TestClient::new().await;
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let result = client.get("/data").await;
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assert!(result.is_ok());
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}
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```
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## mockall によるモッキング
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本番コードでトレイトを定義し、テストモジュールでモックを生成する:
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```rust
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// 本番トレイト — 統合テストがインポートできるように pub にする
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pub trait UserRepository {
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fn find_by_id(&self, id: u64) -> Option<User>;
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}
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#[cfg(test)]
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mod tests {
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use super::*;
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use mockall::predicate::eq;
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mockall::mock! {
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pub Repo {}
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impl UserRepository for Repo {
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fn find_by_id(&self, id: u64) -> Option<User>;
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}
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}
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#[test]
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fn service_returns_user_when_found() {
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let mut mock = MockRepo::new();
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mock.expect_find_by_id()
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.with(eq(42))
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.times(1)
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.returning(|_| Some(User { id: 42, name: "Alice".into() }));
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let service = UserService::new(Box::new(mock));
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let user = service.get_user(42).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(user.name, "Alice");
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}
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}
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```
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## テストの命名
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シナリオを説明する記述的な名前を使用する:
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- `creates_user_with_valid_email()`
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- `rejects_order_when_insufficient_stock()`
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- `returns_none_when_not_found()`
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## カバレッジ
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- 80%以上の行カバレッジを目標にする
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- カバレッジレポートには **cargo-llvm-cov** を使用する
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- ビジネスロジックに集中する — 生成コードと FFI バインディングは除外する
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```bash
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cargo llvm-cov # サマリー
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cargo llvm-cov --html # HTML レポート
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cargo llvm-cov --fail-under-lines 80 # しきい値以下で失敗
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```
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## テストコマンド
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```bash
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cargo test # すべてのテストを実行
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cargo test -- --nocapture # println 出力を表示
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cargo test test_name # パターンに一致するテストを実行
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cargo test --lib # ユニットテストのみ
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cargo test --test api_test # 特定の統合テスト(tests/api_test.rs)
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cargo test --doc # ドキュメントテストのみ
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```
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## 参考
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プロパティベーステスト、フィクスチャ、Criterion によるベンチマークを含む包括的なテストパターンについてはスキル: `rust-testing` を参照。
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