chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution
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This commit is contained in:
wehub-resource-sync
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<body>
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<li class="ListItem" id="fe9e95d69e2fe6e0fcf74f630e24f11f">
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This is a plain text site page for testing purposes
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</li>
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<li class="ListItem" id="bf2f616265a06fa30e74df2cf6291c40">
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These are bullet points meant for testing
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</li>
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<p class="NarrativeText" id="f59e42aff8f1b1ad83f8280a0686eabe">
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam ex tellus, sodales non nulla et, sodales consequat turpis. Etiam vestibulum nisl placerat risus elementum, a sodales purus rhoncus. Sed eget velit pharetra, pretium nisi nec, laoreet ligula. Duis luctus mi in ligula cursus, vel lacinia tortor ultricies. Aenean sit amet sodales odio, a maximus elit. Pellentesque vehicula diam sit amet leo placerat placerat. Integer varius elementum accumsan. Donec posuere elit mauris, eget efficitur nisl viverra vitae.
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</p>
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<p class="NarrativeText" id="9fa12141ac0e9ad3d09fe51dc393ad59">
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Integer at dictum nisi. Cras venenatis non velit in posuere. Curabitur tristique, eros eget tristique pellentesque, neque metus ullamcorper ligula, nec posuere neque lacus nec felis. Nulla a libero eget eros consectetur hendrerit. Pellentesque interdum, diam eget tristique pretium, quam lorem pulvinar lorem, a eleifend nisl lectus at ex. Praesent pulvinar ex ut consequat condimentum. Sed rutrum, erat a hendrerit blandit, urna mauris posuere est, at porttitor risus diam non leo. Nullam rutrum vehicula dolor, quis venenatis ligula rutrum sit amet. Nam massa justo, fermentum in dui lacinia, tincidunt imperdiet nunc. Nam posuere tortor ac lectus elementum, non mollis urna consequat. In interdum non tellus sed pellentesque.
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<body>
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||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc01503614e0f12f585427cccf81cf86">
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This is a test document to use for unit tests.
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</p>
|
||||
<div class="Address" id="d06d10c0722ac08a2488076a48e858d5">
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||||
Doylestown, PA 18901
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||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a190164de573571375ecf759a5027a3a">
|
||||
Important points:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="64c58eb106608ad05424e47bbcdef7dc">
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||||
Hamburgers are delicious
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</li>
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||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9210d7882755a60fc82272a0e93df94f">
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Dogs are the best
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</li>
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||||
<li class="ListItem" id="970dd4ac687529e2d2126e0a51cb7c27">
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I love fuzzy blankets
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</li>
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</body>
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</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8"/>
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<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
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<title>
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</title>
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||||
</head>
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||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
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<tbody>
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<tr style="border:1px solid black">
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<td style="border:1px solid black">
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</td>
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<td style="border:1px solid black">
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</td>
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<td style="border:1px solid black">
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January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
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<br/>
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questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
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<br/>
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answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
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<br/>
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or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
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<br/>
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of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
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<br/>
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them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
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<br/>
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From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
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<br/>
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to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
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<br/>
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will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
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<br/>
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x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
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<br/>
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whole new fractal buds.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<meta charset="utf-8"/>
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<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
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<title>
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</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 class="Title" id="e5318630cd973733087506eca36a6be3">
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INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
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</h1>
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||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8466f1c7e05ce04838ff95211c4fff50">
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WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE Inflation Peaking amid Low Growth
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</h1>
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<h1 class="Title" id="04fca18cc5aea2fdb24b55c01f4fa968">
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2023 JAN
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</h1>
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<img alt="" class="Image" id="e8910cbfc6833d5ca117621c22a183e5"/>
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<img alt="WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE" class="Image" id="d897928ec5f88bb42d3aa4058c040eac"/>
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<h1 class="Title" id="0f02ba386eb35b9043fb86b24f52ddef">
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Inflation Peaking amid Low Growth
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</h1>
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<li class="ListItem" id="dd334d49b207f297d7d16d33537c8a2a">
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Global growth is projected to fall from an estimated 3.4 percent in 2022 to 2.9 percent in 2023, then rise to 3.1 percent in 2024. The forecast for 2023 is 0.2 percentage point higher than predicted in the October 2022 World Economic Outlook (WEO) but below the historical (2000–19) average of 3.8 percent. The rise in central bank rates to fight inflation and Russia’s war in Ukraine continue to weigh on economic activity. The rapid spread of COVID-19 in China dampened growth in 2022, but the recent reopening has paved the way for a faster-than-expected recovery. Global inflation is expected to fall from 8.8 percent in 2022 to 6.6 percent in 2023 and 4.3 percent in 2024, still above pre-pandemic (2017–19) levels of about 3.5 percent.
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</li>
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||||
<li class="ListItem" id="c61d4c2389bdea541dd0524ae98bbdb2">
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||||
The balance of risks remains tilted to the downside, but adverse risks have moderated since the October 2022 WEO. On the upside, a stronger boost from pent-up demand in numerous economies or a faster fall in inflation are plausible. On the downside, severe health outcomes in China could hold back the recovery, Russia’s war in Ukraine could escalate, and tighter global financing conditions could worsen debt distress. Financial markets could also suddenly reprice in response to adverse inflation news, while further geopolitical fragmentation could hamper economic progress.
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</li>
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||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6d8185901672f642fb852b8b77c2f244">
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tighter monetary conditions and lower growth potentially affecting financial and debt stability, it is necessary to deploy macroprudential tools and strengthen debt restructuring frameworks. Accelerating COVID-19 vaccinations in China would safeguard the recovery, with positive cross-border spillovers. Fiscal support should be better targeted at those most affected by elevated food and energy prices, and broad-based fiscal relief measures should be withdrawn. Stronger multilateral cooperation is essential to preserve the gains from the rules-based multilateral system and to mitigate climate change by limiting emissions and raising green investment.
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||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="b669c3a1a8ac62eede66dc0f3b3a8713">
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||||
Forces Shaping the Outlook
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||||
</h1>
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||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="973eedf8298b7bd74c78ffd345ef5695">
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||||
The global fight against inflation, Russia’s war in Ukraine, and a resurgence of COVID-19 in China weighed on global economic activity in 2022, and the first two factors will continue to do so in 2023.
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</p>
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||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f56c5b8e5e9179665c81734bb47ec19b">
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||||
Despite these headwinds, real GDP was surprisingly strong in the third quarter of 2022 in numerous economies, including the United States, the euro area, and major emerging market and developing economies. The sources of these surprises were in many cases domestic: stronger-than-expected private consumption and investment amid tight labor markets and greater-than-anticipated fiscal support. Households spent more to satisfy pent-up demand, particularly on services, partly by drawing down their stock of savings as economies reopened. Business investment rose to meet demand. On the supply side, easing bottlenecks and declining transportation costs reduced pressures on input prices and allowed for a rebound in previously constrained sectors, such as motor vehicles. Energy markets have adjusted faster than expected to the shock from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2c358a4bb06de0c8a9e1209b4a763bfa">
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||||
In the fourth quarter of 2022, however, this uptick is estimated to have faded in most—though not all––major economies. US growth remains stronger than expected, with consumers continuing to spend from their stock of savings (the personal saving rate is at its lowest in more than 60 years, except for July 2005), unemployment near historic lows, and plentiful job opportunities. But elsewhere, high-frequency activity indicators (such as business and consumer sentiment, purchasing manager surveys, and mobility indicators) generally point to a slowdown.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="102714c79eee9e26b226b46f8289cb96">
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||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023 1
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||||
</li>
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||||
<div class="Header" id="04eab9b077f4803c2a87e4cb81235a0e">
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||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
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</div>
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||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d8af302f7df089e4e2068a1dccf1903f">
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||||
COVID-19 deepens China’s slowdown. Economic activity in China slowed in the fourth quarter amid multiple large COVID-19 outbreaks in Beijing and other densely populated localities. Renewed lockdowns accompanied the outbreaks until the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions in November and December, which paved the way for a full reopening. Real estate investment continued to contract, and developer restructuring is proceeding slowly, amid the lingering property market crisis. Developers have yet to deliver on a large backlog of presold housing, and downward pressure is building on house prices (so far limited by home price floors). The authorities have responded with additional monetary and fiscal policy easing, new vaccination targets for the elderly, and steps to support the completion of unfinished real estate projects. However, consumer and business sentiment remained subdued in late 2022. China’s slowdown has reduced global trade growth and international commodity prices.
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||||
</p>
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||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2951e1eb514a453e5813bc6889f759f5">
|
||||
Monetary policy starts to bite. Signs are apparent that monetary policy tightening is starting to cool demand and inflation, but the full impact is unlikely to be realized before 2024. Global headline inflation appears to have peaked in the third quarter of 2022 (Figure 1). Prices of fuel and nonfuel commodities have declined, lowering headline inflation, notably in the United States, the euro area, and Latin America. But underlying (core) inflation has not yet peaked in most economies and remains well above pre-pandemic levels. It has persisted amid second-round effects from earlier cost shocks and tight labor markets with robust wage growth as consumer demand has remained resilient. Medium-term inflation expectations generally remain anchored, but some gauges are up. These developments have caused central banks to raise rates faster than expected, especially in the United States and the euro area, and to signal that rates will stay elevated for longer. Core inflation is declining in some economies that have completed their tightening cycle—such as Brazil. Financial markets are displaying high sensitivity to inflation news, with equity markets rising following recent releases of lower inflation data in anticipation of interest rate cuts (Box 1), despite central banks’ communicating their resolve to tighten policy further. With the peak in US headline inflation and an acceleration in rate hikes by several non-US central banks, the dollar has weakened since September but remains significantly stronger than a year ago.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ea9e70213dbb306bbfc411301593a01f">
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||||
Median country Brazil
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||||
</h1>
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||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a37a878930b52526b96231dcbcb9b3f4">
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United States
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</h1>
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||||
<h1 class="Title" id="cdd95d6fc1603d1c87d82ef501854019">
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Euro area
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</h1>
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||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f37bd3b81db4c6ef56f199b5d899aebd">
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||||
Winter comes to Europe. European economic growth in 2022 was more resilient than expected in the face of the large negative terms-of-trade shock from the war in Ukraine. This resilience––which is
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</p>
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||||
<li class="ListItem" id="23cc5e8cc806e807c2d2a5070bd07b1c">
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2 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
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</li>
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<p class="UncategorizedText" id="43f5a5eb2707a8a8f8d7fd26a78f9dca">
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Nov. «22
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</p>
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<h1 class="Title" id="010f24c0d9604698a0a97e91efcf2ae6">
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Nov.
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</h1>
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<div class="Header" id="d15294a3501442f95dd92dfae7cdf59f">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cb9a40fe73a2ad2fff6f2dfc3504b674">
|
||||
visible in consumption and investment data for the third quarter––partly reflects government support of about 1.2 percent of European Union GDP (net budgetary cost) to households and firms hit by the energy crisis, as well as dynamism from economies reopening. Gas prices have declined by more than expected amid higher non-Russian pipeline and liquefied natural gas flows, compression of demand for gas, and a warmer-than-usual winter. However, the boost from reopening appears to be fading. High-frequency indicators for the fourth quarter suggest that the manufacturing and services sectors are contracting. Consumer confidence and business sentiment have worsened. With inflation at about 10 percent or above in several euro area countries and the United Kingdom, household budgets remain stretched. The accelerated pace of rate increases by the Bank of England and the European Central Bank is tightening financial conditions and cooling demand in the housing sector and beyond.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ae89dcff717032e7fe67736c047811cf">
|
||||
The Forecast
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="31faf5d0d42f072f67cd5c14d03d1eb1">
|
||||
Growth Bottoming Out
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7648ab0cbe2c234e76e7509b4bafa67c">
|
||||
Global growth, estimated at 3.4 percent in 2022, is projected to fall to 2.9 percent in 2023 before rising to 3.1 percent in 2024 (Table 1). Compared with the October forecast, the estimate for 2022 and the forecast for 2023 are both higher by about 0.2 percentage point, reflecting positive surprises and greater-than-expected resilience in numerous economies. Negative growth in global GDP or global GDP per capita—which often happens when there is a global recession—is not expected. Nevertheless, global growth projected for 2023 and 2024 is below the historical (2000–19) annual average of 3.8 percent.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d3f06c04ff50e84b159d45dc0eb0469e">
|
||||
The forecast of low growth in 2023 reflects the rise in central bank rates to fight inflation–– especially in advanced economies––as well as the war in Ukraine. The decline in growth in 2023 from 2022 is driven by advanced economies; in emerging market and developing economies, growth is estimated to have bottomed out in 2022. Growth is expected to pick up in China with the full reopening in 2023. The expected pickup in 2024 in both groups of economies reflects gradual recovery from the effects of the war in Ukraine and subsiding inflation. Following the path of global demand, world trade growth is expected to decline in 2023 to 2.4 percent, despite an easing of supply bottlenecks, before rising to 3.4 percent in 2024.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4c85c18daf7765010c95f9d239d6b773">
|
||||
These forecasts are based on a number of assumptions, including on fuel and nonfuel commodity prices, which have generally been revised down since October, and on interest rates, which have been revised up. In 2023, oil prices are projected to fall by about 16 percent, while nonfuel commodity prices are expected to fall by, on average, 6.3 percent. Global interest rate assumptions are revised up, reflecting intensified actual and signaled policy tightening by major central banks since October.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="63a58ed0a369adeea609b73bde440690">
|
||||
For advanced economies, growth is projected to decline sharply from 2.7 percent in 2022 to 1.2 percent in 2023 before rising to 1.4 percent in 2024, with a downward revision of 0.2 percentage point for 2024. About 90 percent of advanced economies are projected to see a decline in growth in 2023.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="cf86df4360039e44a9d36c2156253dca">
|
||||
In the United States, growth is projected to fall from 2.0 percent in 2022 to 1.4 percent in 2023 and 1.0 percent in 2024. With growth rebounding in the second half of 2024, growth in 2024 will be faster than in 2023 on a fourth-quarter-over-fourth-quarter basis, as in most advanced
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="650a84a42d9c9f9a31dda76b1a9413b1">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023 3
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f57040df3261584cac2da28eac005e0e">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="966cfe6522040aae1b567b217ecf2ec2">
|
||||
economies. There is a 0.4 percentage point upward revision for annual growth in 2023, reflecting carryover effects from domestic demand resilience in 2022, but a 0.2 percentage point downward revision of growth in 2024 due to the steeper path of Federal Reserve rate hikes, to a peak of about 5.1 percent in 2023.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="af70a583660627245d8a985c424ed5ce">
|
||||
percent in 2024. The 0.2 percentage point upward revision to the forecast for 2023 reflects the effects of faster rate hikes by the European Central Bank and eroding real incomes, offset by the carryover from the 2022 outturn, lower wholesale energy prices, and additional announcements of fiscal purchasing power support in the form of energy price controls and cash transfers.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="31289f8161557502f84829c118ef779f">
|
||||
Growth in the United Kingdom is projected to be –0.6 percent in 2023, a 0.9 percentage point downward revision from October, reflecting tighter fiscal and monetary policies and financial conditions and still-high energy retail prices weighing on household budgets.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="7b242789f47f74e8004439ab9c9885ba">
|
||||
Growth in Japan is projected to rise to 1.8 percent in 2023, with continued monetary and fiscal policy support. High corporate profits from a depreciated yen and earlier delays in implementing previous projects will support business investment. In 2024, growth is expected to decline to 0.9 percent as the effects of past stimulus dissipate.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7e8c93b4741fa4ff1a87881dcaa89686">
|
||||
For emerging market and developing economies, growth is projected to rise modestly, from 3.9 percent in 2022 to 4.0 percent in 2023 and 4.2 percent in 2024, with an upward revision of 0.3 percentage point for 2023 and a downward revision of 0.1 percentage point for 2024. About half of emerging market and developing economies have lower growth in 2023 than in 2022.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="c1e048bf64acdbfb4b3f07ae2c2bd9a0">
|
||||
percent, respectively, after the deeper-than-expected slowdown in 2022 to 4.3 percent attributable to China’s economy. China’s real GDP slowdown in the fourth quarter of 2022 implies a 0.2 percentage point downgrade for 2022 growth to 3.0 percent—the first time in more than 40 years with China’s growth below the global average. Growth in China is projected to rise to 5.2 percent in 2023, reflecting rapidly improving mobility, and to fall to 4.5 percent in 2024 before settling at below 4 percent over the medium term amid declining business dynamism and slow progress on structural reforms. Growth in India is set to decline from 6.8 percent in 2022 to 6.1 percent in 2023 before picking up to 6.8 percent in 2024, with resilient domestic demand despite external headwinds. Growth in the ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand) is similarly projected to slow to 4.3 percent in 2023 and then pick up to 4.7 percent in 2024.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9da9aade2e55fc72f03d8b5a78092503">
|
||||
Growth in emerging and developing Europe is projected to have bottomed out in 2022 at 0.7 percent and, since the October forecast, has been revised up for 2023 by 0.9 percentage point to 1.5 percent. This reflects a smaller economic contraction in Russia in 2022 (estimated at –2.2 percent compared with a predicted –3.4 percent) followed by modestly positive growth in 2023. At the current oil price cap level of the Group of Seven, Russian crude oil export volumes are not expected to be significantly affected, with Russian trade continuing to be redirected from sanctioning to non-sanctioning countries. In Latin America and the Caribbean, growth is projected to decline from 3.9 percent in 2022 to 1.8 percent in 2023, with an upward revision for 2023 of 0.1 percentage point since October. The forecast revision reflects upgrades of 0.2 percentage point for Brazil and 0.5 percentage point for Mexico due to unexpected domestic demand resilience, higher-than-expected growth in
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="e2f761e5fbfa887c5c4654959178dd0e">
|
||||
4 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="90d34f5e846e7bc2bf02fac74e7081a7">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ffb99a5d75b910c8329e0ef1bafde120">
|
||||
major trading partner economies, and in Brazil, greater-than-expected fiscal support. Growth in the region is projected to rise to 2.1 percent in 2024, although with a downward revision of 0.3 percentage point, reflecting tighter financial conditions, lower prices of exported commodities, and downward revisions to trading partner growth.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d75546413a70b32318e60a4439de8e7f">
|
||||
Growth in the Middle East and Central Asia is projected to decline from 5.3 percent in 2022 to 3.2 percent in 2023, with a downward revision of 0.4 percentage point since October, mainly attributable to a steeper-than-expected growth slowdown in Saudi Arabia, from 8.7 percent in 2022 (which was stronger than expected by 1.1 percentage points) to 2.6 percent in 2023, with a negative revision of 1.1 percentage points. The downgrade for 2023 reflects mainly lower oil production in line with an agreement through OPEC+ (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, including Russia and other non-OPEC oil exporters), while non-oil growth is expected to remain robust. In sub-Saharan Africa, growth is projected to remain moderate at 3.8 percent in 2023 amid prolonged fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic, although with a modest upward revision since October, before picking up to 4.1 percent in 2024. The small upward revision for 2023 (0.1 percentage point) reflects Nigeria’s rising growth in 2023 due to measures to address insecurity issues in the oil sector. In South Africa, by contrast, after a COVID-19 reopening rebound in 2022, projected growth more than halves in 2023, to 1.2 percent, reflecting weaker external demand, power shortages, and structural constraints.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c4ed38259052e804c28ab9511fb83709">
|
||||
Inflation Peaking
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6fad039abd2a07c18e04427a5c0934c1">
|
||||
About 84 percent of countries are expected to have lower headline (consumer price index) inflation in 2023 than in 2022. Global inflation is set to fall from 8.8 percent in 2022 (annual average) to 6.6 percent in 2023 and 4.3 percent in 2024––above pre-pandemic (2017–19) levels of about 3.5 percent. The projected disinflation partly reflects declining international fuel and nonfuel commodity prices due to weaker global demand. It also reflects the cooling effects of monetary policy tightening on underlying (core) inflation, which globally is expected to decline from 6.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2022 (year over year) to 4.5 percent by the fourth quarter of 2023. Still, disinflation will take time: by 2024, projected annual average headline and core inflation will, respectively, still be above pre-pandemic levels in 82 percent and 86 percent of economies.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="276ca71db7194279383dbd5ed47e6401">
|
||||
In advanced economies, annual average inflation is projected to decline from 7.3 percent in 2022 to 4.6 percent in 2023 and 2.6 percent in 2024––above target in several cases. In emerging market and developing economies, projected annual inflation declines from 9.9 percent in 2022 to 8.1 percent in 2023 and 5.5 percent in 2024, above the 4.9 percent pre-pandemic (2017–19) average. In low-income developing countries, inflation is projected to moderate from 14.2 percent in 2022 to 8.6 percent in 2024––still high, but close to the pre-pandemic average.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="dad6fdc16c791d4a298b86a74a7787cb">
|
||||
The balance of risks to the global outlook remains tilted to the downside, with scope for lower growth and higher inflation, but adverse risks have moderated since the October 2022 World Economic Outlook.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="4a9791d1daa8c2de8ae6fe9473b0806c">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023. 5
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5ed317e88b9e032f0a07e1a59492920c">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="7b55f9cf2ab15edd5f5ddda66cd012d1">
|
||||
Table 1. Overview of the World Economic Outlook Projections (Percent change, unless noted otherwise)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="4eb34e94205ace0b2308f955a58a3f0a" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Year over Year Difference from October 2022 Q4 over Q4 2/ 2021 Estimate 2022 Projections 2023 2024 WEO Projections 1/ 2023 2024 Estimate 2022 Projections 2023 2024 6.2 3.4 2.9 3.1 0.2 –0.1 1.9 3.2 3.0 Advanced Economies United States Euro Area Germany France Italy Spain Japan United Kingdom Canada Other Advanced Economies 3/ 5.4 5.9 5.3 2.6 6.8 6.7 5.5 2.1 7.6 5.0 5.3 2.7 2.0 3.5 1.9 2.6 3.9 5.2 1.4 4.1 3.5 2.8 1.2 1.4 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.8 –0.6 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 0.9 2.4 0.9 0.9 1.5 2.4 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.8 –0.1 0.2 –0.9 0.0 –0.3 –0.2 –0.2 –0.2 –0.1 0.0 –0.4 –0.2 –0.4 0.3 –0.1 –0.2 1.3 0.7 1.9 1.4 0.5 2.1 2.1 1.7 0.4 2.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.9 0.1 1.3 1.0 –0.5 1.2 2.1 1.6 1.3 2.1 2.3 1.8 1.0 2.8 1.0 1.8 1.9 2.2 Emerging Market and Developing Economies Emerging and Developing Asia China India 4/ Emerging and Developing Europe Russia Latin America and the Caribbean Brazil Mexico Middle East and Central Asia Saudi Arabia Sub-Saharan Africa Nigeria South Africa 6.7 7.4 8.4 8.7 6.9 4.7 7.0 5.0 4.7 4.5 3.2 4.7 3.6 4.9 3.9 4.3 3.0 6.8 0.7 –2.2 3.9 3.1 3.1 5.3 8.7 3.8 3.0 2.6 4.0 5.3 5.2 6.1 1.5 0.3 1.8 1.2 1.7 3.2 2.6 3.8 3.2 1.2 4.2 5.2 4.5 6.8 2.6 2.1 2.1 1.5 1.6 3.7 3.4 4.1 2.9 1.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.9 2.6 0.1 0.2 0.5 –0.4 –1.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 –0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.6 –0.3 –0.4 –0.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 3.4 2.9 4.3 –2.0 –4.1 2.6 2.8 3.7 . . . 4.6 . . . 2.6 3.0 5.0 6.2 5.9 7.0 3.5 1.0 1.9 0.8 1.1 . . . 2.7 . . . 3.1 0.5 4.1 4.9 4.1 7.1 2.8 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.9 . . . 3.5 . . . 2.9 1.8 Memorandum World Growth Based on Market Exchange Rates European Union ASEAN-5 5/ Middle East and North Africa Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies Low-Income Developing Countries 6.0 5.5 3.8 4.1 7.0 4.1 3.1 3.7 5.2 5.4 3.8 4.9 2.4 0.7 4.3 3.2 4.0 4.9 2.5 1.8 4.7 3.5 4.1 5.6 0.3 0.0 –0.2 –0.4 0.4 0.0 –0.1 –0.3 –0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.7 1.8 3.7 . . . 2.5 . . . 2.5 1.2 5.7 . . . 5.0 . . . 2.5 2.0 4.0 . . . 4.1 . . . 10.4 9.4 12.1 5.4 6.6 3.4 2.4 2.3 2.6 3.4 2.7 4.6 –0.1 0.0 –0.3 –0.3 –0.4 0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 26.4 39.8 7.0 –16.2 –6.3 –7.1 –0.4 –3.3 –0.1 –0.9 0.3 11.2 –2.0 –9.8 1.4 –5.9 –0.2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2d46f6faafe2544549dd92fcbe07addd">
|
||||
World Output
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8c0af04bc7a87b5013697ac78410d6e3">
|
||||
World Trade Volume (goods and services) 6/ Advanced Economies Emerging Market and Developing Economies
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="61cc155370f47a3bdda30c407ce2958b">
|
||||
Commodity Prices Oil 7/ Nonfuel (average based on world commodity import weights)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7b87f70df5eb0c5c5f4e05cb89393628">
|
||||
World Consumer Prices 8/ Advanced Economies 9/ Emerging Market and Developing Economies 8/
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="01f6110f227ca362f21307a252d387bc">
|
||||
4.7 3.1 5.9
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="54dc7fe009c437d116108cec181e3792">
|
||||
8.8 7.3 9.9
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="348fa41c29526b8d4933fa0492af810e">
|
||||
6.6 4.6 8.1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6aabe10eb8cae2bc4de874c542565ec1">
|
||||
4.3 2.6 5.5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="41242d1e0d075b14e1153a9a6eac1abc">
|
||||
0.1 0.2 0.0
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="553fd3a7a662ec2190665ed75ae70c65">
|
||||
0.2 0.2 0.2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="42d777ee314b8f164aabb1976e185638">
|
||||
9.2 7.8 10.4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="b536aeb880e2566ac393af151f8a53c0">
|
||||
5.0 3.1 6.6
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2ccb29d3db680f09050e16da013cfa4c">
|
||||
Note: Real effective exchange rates are assumed to remain constant at the levels prevailing during October 26, 2022--November 23, 2022. Economies are listed on the basis of economic size. The aggregated quarterly data are seasonally adjusted. WEO = World Economic Outlook. 1/ Difference based on rounded figures for the current and October 2022 WEO forecasts. Countries whose forecasts have been updated relative to October 2022 WEO forecasts account for approximately 90 percent of world GDP measured at purchasing-power-parity weights. 2/ For World Output (Emerging Market and Developing Economies), the quarterly estimates and projections account for approximately 90 percent (80 percent) of annual world (emerging market and developing economies') output at purchasing-power-parity weights. 3/ Excludes the Group of Seven (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States) and euro area countries. 4/ For India, data and projections are presented on a fiscal year basis, with FY 2022/23 (starting in April 2022) shown in the 2022 column. India's growth projections are 5.4 percent in 2023 and 6.8 percent in 2024 based on calendar year. 5/ Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand. 6/ Simple average of growth rates for export and import volumes (goods and services). 7/ Simple average of prices of UK Brent, Dubai Fateh, and West Texas Intermediate crude oil. The average assumed price of oil in US dollars a barrel, based on futures markets (as of November 29, 2022), is $81.13 in 2023 and $75.36 in 2024. 8/ Excludes Venezuela. 9/ The inflation rate for the euro area is 5.7% in 2023 and 3.3% in 2024, that for Japan is 2.8% in 2023 and 2.0% in 2024, and that for the United States is 4.0% in 2023 and 2.2% in 2024.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fcdbec90e78c273dd191e6938b63b3aa">
|
||||
Upside risks—Plausible upside risks include more favorable surprises to domestic spending—as in the third quarter of 2022—which, however, would increase inflation further. At the same time, there is room for an upside scenario with lower-than-expected inflation and less monetary tightening:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="05b94a59813751cc052b233294eea3bf">
|
||||
support and, in many cases, still-tight labor markets and solid wage growth, pent-up demand remains an upside risk to the growth outlook. In some advanced economies, recent data show that households are still on net adding to their stock of excess savings (as in some euro area countries and the United Kingdom) or have ample savings left (as in the United States). This leaves scope for a further boost to consumption—particularly of services, including tourism.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="a92c9c37dd45ab95af9ee011a431bbfd">
|
||||
6 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="36b409ff8f7f08da8322fb6945b054ef">
|
||||
3.5 2.3 4.5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="9d90e4fc536bda02ef1167255c84eed7">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b20c66b46dd6311d2a324c0156315353">
|
||||
However, the boost to demand could stoke core inflation, leading to even tighter monetary policies and a stronger-than-expected slowdown later on. Pent-up demand could also fuel a stronger rebound in China.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="71a1e86ca0ab0fa7c75ad3568285eda6">
|
||||
Faster disinflation: An easing in labor market pressures in some advanced economies due to falling vacancies could cool wage inflation without necessarily increasing unemployment. A sharp fall in the prices of goods, as consumers shift back to services, could further push down inflation. Such developments could imply a “softer” landing with less monetary tightening.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="36c4ce26347dd1aae7029596e0cb3e96">
|
||||
Downside risks—Numerous downside risks continue to weigh on the global outlook, lowering growth while, in a number of cases, adding further to inflation:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9d5064113562605b7a1b3f1bc24840a4">
|
||||
capacity, especially outside the major urban areas, significant health consequences could hamper the recovery. A deepening crisis in the real estate market remains a major source of vulnerability, with risks of widespread defaults by developers and resulting financial sector instability. Spillovers to the rest of the world would operate primarily through lower demand and potentially renewed supply chain problems.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="a020d627fc081a56453ab6b3ee8c0881">
|
||||
vulnerability, particularly for Europe and lower-income countries. Europe is facing lower-than- anticipated gas prices, having stored enough gas to make shortages unlikely this winter. However, refilling storage with much-diminished Russian flows will be challenging ahead of next winter, particularly if it is a very cold one and China’s energy demand picks up, causing price spikes. A possible increase in food prices from a failed extension of the Black Sea grain initiative would put further pressure on lower-income countries that are experiencing food insecurity and have limited budgetary room to cushion the impact on households and businesses. With elevated food and fuel prices, social unrest may increase.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5a4931739cd615032ea03860c3ace150">
|
||||
Debt distress: Since October, sovereign spreads for emerging market and developing economies have modestly declined on the back of an easing in global financial conditions (Box 1) and dollar depreciation. About 15 percent of low-income countries are estimated to be in debt distress, with an additional 45 percent at high risk of debt distress and about 25 percent of emerging market economies also at high risk. The combination of high debt levels from the pandemic, lower growth, and higher borrowing costs exacerbates the vulnerability of these economies, especially those with significant near-term dollar financing needs. Inflation persisting: Persistent labor market tightness could translate into stronger-than-expected wage growth. Higher-than-expected oil, gas, and food prices from the war in Ukraine or from a faster rebound in China’s growth could again raise headline inflation and pass through into underlying inflation. Such developments could cause inflation expectations to de-anchor and require an even tighter monetary policy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="5c53b2d3f514a92cc6c099fd9a46b49a">
|
||||
Sudden financial market repricing: A premature easing in financial conditions in response to lower headline inflation data could complicate anti-inflation policies and necessitate additional monetary tightening. For the same reason, unfavorable inflation data releases could trigger sudden repricing of assets and increase volatility in financial markets. Such movements could strain liquidity and the functioning of critical markets, with ripple effects on the real economy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e3c931f10a12b33fb9aeb6427a16c7ae">
|
||||
Geopolitical fragmentation: The war in Ukraine and the related international sanctions aimed at pressuring Russia to end hostilities are splitting the world economy into blocs and reinforcing
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="84d70cebf2068479ad03b1f4fca89141">
|
||||
earlier geopolitical tensions, such as those associated with the US-China trade dispute.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9fda15cda44df99e579f024b037349d9">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023. 7
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="8e25ec572941a6a14bbab64312dd35a2">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1e6c82906e4e6d414004cb6af55cfdd8">
|
||||
Fragmentation could intensify—with more restrictions on cross-border movements of capital, workers, and international payments—and could hamper multilateral cooperation on providing global public goods.1 The costs of such fragmentation are especially high in the short term, as replacing disrupted cross-border flows takes time.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="72c775cd8adaa0370bdbb1bc30c57907">
|
||||
Policy Priorities
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="975bc3e42433eb8c66e588bea7cd7510">
|
||||
Securing global disinflation: For most economies, the priority remains achieving a sustained reduction in inflation toward target levels. Raising real policy rates and keeping them above their neutral levels until underlying inflation is clearly declining would ward off risks of inflation expectations de- anchoring. Clear central bank communication and appropriate reactions to shifts in the data will help keep inflation expectations anchored and lessen wage and price pressures. Central banks’ balance sheets will need to be unwound carefully, amid market liquidity risks. Gradual and steady fiscal tightening would contribute to cooling demand and limit the burden on monetary policy in the fight against inflation. In countries where output remains below potential and inflation is in check, maintaining monetary and fiscal accommodation may be appropriate.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="aa7909a0b52db93a6f10d7fd56f76550">
|
||||
Containing the reemergence of COVID-19: Addressing the ongoing pandemic requires coordinated efforts to boost vaccination and medicine access in countries where coverage remains low as well as the deployment of pandemic preparedness measures—including a global push toward sequencing and sharing data. In China, focusing vaccination efforts on vulnerable groups and maintaining sufficiently high coverage of boosters and antiviral medicines would minimize the risks of severe health outcomes and safeguard the recovery, with favorable cross-border spillovers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ca07b88dc1247f54719122a49cc5fd59">
|
||||
Ensuring financial stability: Depending on country circumstances, macroprudential tools can be used to tackle pockets of elevated financial sector vulnerabilities. Monitoring housing sector developments and conducting stress tests in economies where house prices have increased significantly over the past few years are warranted. In China, central government action to resolve the property crisis and reduce the risk of spillovers to financial stability and growth is a priority, including by strengthening temporary mechanisms to protect presale homebuyers from the risk of non-delivery and by restructuring troubled developers. Globally, financial sector regulations introduced after the global financial crisis have contributed to the resilience of banking sectors throughout the pandemic, but there is a need to address data and supervisory gaps in the less-regulated nonbank financial sector, where risks may have built up inconspicuously. Recent turmoil in the crypto space also highlights the urgent need to introduce common standards and reinforce oversight of crypto assets.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="328214785cd96977b4cbbd5a778942d1">
|
||||
Restoring debt sustainability: Lower growth and higher borrowing costs have raised public debt ratios in several economies. Where debt is unsustainable, implementing restructuring or reprofiling early on as part of a package of reforms (including fiscal consolidation and growth-enhancing supply-side reforms) can avert the need for more disruptive adjustment later.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3a2ff2baa28f7160cee0e8c2cc842661">
|
||||
Supporting the vulnerable: The surge in global energy and food prices triggered a cost-of-living crisis. Governments acted swiftly with support to households and firms, which helped cushion effects on growth and at times limited the pass-through from energy prices to headline inflation through price
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3601c468c40a282c19c8abdcca4add1b">
|
||||
1 See “Geo-Economic Fragmentation and the Future of Multilateralism,” IMF Staff Discussion Note 2023/001.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="4480feb00164d7db4e269a2adc4f73d2">
|
||||
8 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="0f9c4deaa35a06e367d2460d890b3dad">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="426f6eb8bbe7d2f5fe507b439d2ebc2b">
|
||||
controls. The temporary and broad-based measures are becoming increasingly costly and should be withdrawn and replaced by targeted approaches. Preserving the energy price signal will encourage a reduction in energy consumption and limit the risks of shortages. Targeting can be achieved through social safety nets such as cash transfers to eligible households based on income or demographics or by transfers through electricity companies based on past energy consumption. Subsidies should be temporary and offset by revenue-generating measures, including one-time solidarity taxes on high- income households and companies, where appropriate.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="405cec1fe989a0ad8960b938355d4c7b">
|
||||
Reinforcing supply: Supply-side policies could address the key structural factors impeding growth— including market power, rent seeking, rigid regulation and planning, and inefficient education—and could help build resilience, reduce bottlenecks, and alleviate price pressures. A concerted push for investment along the supply chain of green energy technologies would bolster energy security and help advance progress on the green transition.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c7a53c81c39c885df191bbf239165b3d">
|
||||
Strengthening multilateral cooperation—Urgent action is needed to limit the risks stemming from geopolitical fragmentation and to ensure cooperation on fundamental areas of common interest:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="65269b45848d66c7d8b45099ddf6a328">
|
||||
Restraining the pandemic: Global coordination is needed to resolve bottlenecks in the global
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2ae3be4a3aa90a31eea5a5a306d3837c">
|
||||
distribution of vaccines and treatments. Public support for the development of new vaccine technologies and the design of systematic responses to future epidemics also remains essential. Addressing debt distress: Progress has been made for countries that requested debt treatment under the Group of Twenty’s Common Framework initiative, and more will be needed to strengthen it. It is also necessary to agree on mechanisms to resolve debt in a broader set of economies, including middle-income countries that are not eligible under the Common Framework. Non– Paris Club and private creditors have a crucial role to play in ensuring coordinated, effective, and timely debt resolution processes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="45e6f88f4dabe97ff6778317c9249838">
|
||||
Strengthening global trade: Strengthening the global trading system would address risks associated with trade fragmentation. This can be achieved by rolling back restrictions on food exports and other essential items such as medicine, upgrading World Trade Organization (WTO) rules in critical areas such as agricultural and industrial subsidies, concluding and implementing new WTO-based agreements, and fully restoring the WTO dispute settlement system.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="366056038aacb60e1ce242fff64e54ba">
|
||||
Using the global financial safety net: With the cascading of shocks to the global economy, using the global financial safety net to its fullest extent is appropriate, including by proactively utilizing the IMF’s precautionary financial arrangements and channeling aid from the international community to low-income countries facing shocks.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="7325338aa370c261a2582cadd41fefb5">
|
||||
Speeding the green transition: To meet governments’ climate change goals, it is necessary to swiftly implement credible mitigation policies. International coordination on carbon pricing or equivalent policies would facilitate faster decarbonization. Global cooperation is needed to build resilience to climate shocks, including through aid to vulnerable countries.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fbb9304898eea6b4435134ec70696620">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023 9
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<img alt="BOX 1. GL AL FINANCIAL STABILITY UPDATE" class="Image" id="10ea5d031e3bc9c3e108ffdd979b856d"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="07d29d53937f3f8bf76548a1f7c8b017">
|
||||
Overall, financial stability risks remain elevated as investors reassess their inflation and monetary policy outlook. Global financial conditions have eased somewhat since the October 2022 Global Financial Stability Report, driven largely by changing market expectations regarding the interest rate cycle (Figure 1.1). While the expected peak in policy rates—the terminal rate—has risen, markets now also expect the subsequent fall in rates will be significantly faster, and further, than what was forecast in October (Figure 1.2). As a result, global bond yields have recently declined, corporate spreads have tightened, and equity markets have rebounded. That said, central banks are likely to continue to tighten monetary policy to fight inflation, and concerns that this restrictive stance could tip the economy into a recession have increased in major advanced economies.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f1dc7632c3c313cc34bc6a4f64af05b5">
|
||||
Figure 1.1. Global Financial Conditions: Selected Regions (Standard deviations from mean)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="7 6 5 4 United States Euro area China Other AEs Other EMs October 2022 GFSR 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2006 08 08 06 10 10 12 12 14 16 14 16 18 18 20 22 22 20 " class="Image" id="16c33c9e209b518305829584935190dd"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="f61c8f5157c0dedec7bd07b89b5818fd">
|
||||
Sources: Bloomberg Finance L.P.; Haver Analytics; national data sources; and IMF staff calculations. Note: AEs = advanced economies; EMs = emerging markets. GFSR = Global Financial Stability Report.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fd3223759c188ca12a81861f36083bb9">
|
||||
Slowing aggregate demand and weaker-than-expected inflation prints in some major advanced economies have prompted investors’ anticipation of a further reduction in the pace of future policy rate hikes. Corporate earnings forecasts have been cut due to headwinds from slowing demand, and margins have contracted across most regions. In addition, survey-based probabilities of recession have been increasing, particularly in the United States and Europe. However, upside risks to the inflation outlook remain. Despite the recent moderation in headline inflation, core inflation remains stubbornly high across most regions, labor markets are still tight, energy prices remain pressured by Russia’s ongoing war in Ukraine, and supply chain disruptions may reappear. To keep these risks in check, financial conditions will likely need to tighten further. If not, central banks may need to increase policy rates even more in order to achieve their inflation objectives.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9f931c3b54669a87892391846beda98c">
|
||||
Figure 1.2. Market-Implied Expectations of Policy Rates (Percent)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="Latest October 2022 GFSR 6 1. United States 2. Euro area 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 1 1 Oct. 22 Apr. 23 Oct. 23 Dec. 24 Dec. 26 Oct. 22 Apr. 23 Oct. 23 Dec. 24 Dec. 26 " class="Image" id="bffdca980631ced1f96ab886cf9dcf22"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f787afd6d27e6bfdc89bd82044a417a6">
|
||||
Given the tension between rising recession risks and monetary policy uncertainty, markets have seen significant volatility. While many central banks in advanced economies have stepped down the size of hikes, they have also explicitly stated they will need to keep rates higher, for a longer period of time, to tamp down inflation. Risk assets could face significant declines if earnings retrench further or if investors reassess their outlook for monetary policy given central bank communications. Globally, the partial reversal of the dollar rally has contributed to recent easing due to improved risk appetite, and some emerging market central banks have paused tightening amid tentative signs that inflation may have peaked.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b0002e1597c04292e2e01d4e15cb0dd7">
|
||||
Financial market volatility is expected to remain elevated and could be exacerbated by poor market liquidity. For some asset classes (such as US Treasuries), liquidity has deteriorated to the March 2020 lows of the COVID-19 pandemic. With the process of central bank balance sheet reduction (quantitative tightening) underway, market liquidity is expected to remain challenging.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2a9dc522d08d54609f97f566911ceed1">
|
||||
10 — International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="103cccd2abc41bc4beb9e70dff33123a">
|
||||
WEO Update © 2023 • ISBN: 979-8-40023-224-4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+62
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7581b3e14a56c276896da707704c221e">
|
||||
output values. These are concatenated and once again projected, resulting in the final values, as depicted in Figure 2.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5f0b9e258d134a12434aaa080638e9de">
|
||||
Multi-head attention allows the model to jointly attend to information from different representation subspaces at different positions. With a single attention head, averaging inhibits this.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="2f5b0b2ffa8872dde498f34cd4af6bd9">
|
||||
MultiHead(Q, K, V ) = Concat(head1, ..., headh)W O where headi = Attention(QW Q i , KW K i , V W V i )
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="703f1d4e9204c8b7ea94191f87138425">
|
||||
Where the projections are parameter matrices W Q and W O ∈ Rhdv×dmodel. i ∈ Rdmodel×dk , W K i ∈ Rdmodel×dk , W V i ∈ Rdmodel×dv
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e3e4737377b1614b02426ccc77bdcfc3">
|
||||
In this work we employ h = 8 parallel attention layers, or heads. For each of these we use dk = dv = dmodel/h = 64. Due to the reduced dimension of each head, the total computational cost is similar to that of single-head attention with full dimensionality.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="31e28cc49f5625cec5e262fbb4b7e5f0">
|
||||
3.2.3 Applications of Attention in our Model
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f84e983da98f26bd5c141846aeffd0aa">
|
||||
The Transformer uses multi-head attention in three different ways:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fd24bf7bf21b4aab2a36021f9ebb253b">
|
||||
• In "encoder-decoder attention" layers, the queries come from the previous decoder layer, and the memory keys and values come from the output of the encoder. This allows every position in the decoder to attend over all positions in the input sequence. This mimics the typical encoder-decoder attention mechanisms in sequence-to-sequence models such as [38, 2, 9].
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="77762865993fd26c55c87cb45d75cad8">
|
||||
• The encoder contains self-attention layers. In a self-attention layer all of the keys, values and queries come from the same place, in this case, the output of the previous layer in the encoder. Each position in the encoder can attend to all positions in the previous layer of the encoder.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="41b9b9d2a4329a8f6075f4776403c2de">
|
||||
• Similarly, self-attention layers in the decoder allow each position in the decoder to attend to all positions in the decoder up to and including that position. We need to prevent leftward information flow in the decoder to preserve the auto-regressive property. We implement this inside of scaled dot-product attention by masking out (setting to −∞) all values in the input of the softmax which correspond to illegal connections. See Figure 2.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3b1f6da814e3826309b614d8b8dc9266">
|
||||
3.3 Position-wise Feed-Forward Networks
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="46bb05e8d9c19147942fb75345ae3dbb">
|
||||
In addition to attention sub-layers, each of the layers in our encoder and decoder contains a fully connected feed-forward network, which is applied to each position separately and identically. This consists of two linear transformations with a ReLU activation in between.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="eda9b46d50730928c8437d6149e01a2b">
|
||||
FFN(x) = max(0, xW1 + b1)W2 + b2 (2)
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="43c1741dc91b5b67a03a726873df3be5">
|
||||
While the linear transformations are the same across different positions, they use different parameters from layer to layer. Another way of describing this is as two convolutions with kernel size 1. The dimensionality of input and output is dmodel = 512, and the inner-layer has dimensionality df f = 2048.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="63fc763509dec0fa03ba8296e4b0616e">
|
||||
3.4 Embeddings and Softmax
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ab8cefbb53c308302ee0e3c0c7ecfd25">
|
||||
Similarly to other sequence transduction models, we use learned embeddings to convert the input tokens and output tokens to vectors of dimension dmodel. We also use the usual learned linear transfor- mation and softmax function to convert the decoder output to predicted next-token probabilities. In our model, we share the same weight matrix between the two embedding layers and the pre-softmax dmodel. linear transformation, similar to [30]. In the embedding layers, we multiply those weights by
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="b45e24bb89196d4b50d76df531acfaf2">
|
||||
5
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d7eba20cdf64938f67975aee65d98548">
|
||||
Ingest test test document. Particularly aimed towards testing permissions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Address" id="2d4d2de7860b327b280a0c3ced53493e">
|
||||
Doylestown, PA 18901
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="904726a3e2fe60a24f18e703913d93e1">
|
||||
Important points:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="96f4223239fb687e7e0e9025171e561b">
|
||||
- Hamburgers are delicious
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6cfb5e11e57fb52bbb64effa3d003e25">
|
||||
- Dogs are the best
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="70af88aec0bb835f65361710f9bd4f92">
|
||||
- I love fuzzy blankets
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+113
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="17e9a90f9616f2abed8cf32b5bd3810d">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="8d70ea477d9db14ed01ff1d39a118a42" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Team
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Location
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blues
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
STL
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Flyers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
PHI
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Maple Leafs
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
TOR
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
13
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ee34bd8c186b57e3530d5443ffa58122">
|
||||
Stanley Cups Since 67
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="310cd42767ffd563f6639210df793c5b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Team
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Location
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blues
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
STL
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Flyers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
PHI
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Maple Leafs
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
TOR
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+11
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+11
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+23
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fe9e95d69e2fe6e0fcf74f630e24f11f">
|
||||
This is a plain text site page for testing purposes
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="bf2f616265a06fa30e74df2cf6291c40">
|
||||
These are bullet points meant for testing
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f59e42aff8f1b1ad83f8280a0686eabe">
|
||||
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam ex tellus, sodales non nulla et, sodales consequat turpis. Etiam vestibulum nisl placerat risus elementum, a sodales purus rhoncus. Sed eget velit pharetra, pretium nisi nec, laoreet ligula. Duis luctus mi in ligula cursus, vel lacinia tortor ultricies. Aenean sit amet sodales odio, a maximus elit. Pellentesque vehicula diam sit amet leo placerat placerat. Integer varius elementum accumsan. Donec posuere elit mauris, eget efficitur nisl viverra vitae.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9fa12141ac0e9ad3d09fe51dc393ad59">
|
||||
Integer at dictum nisi. Cras venenatis non velit in posuere. Curabitur tristique, eros eget tristique pellentesque, neque metus ullamcorper ligula, nec posuere neque lacus nec felis. Nulla a libero eget eros consectetur hendrerit. Pellentesque interdum, diam eget tristique pretium, quam lorem pulvinar lorem, a eleifend nisl lectus at ex. Praesent pulvinar ex ut consequat condimentum. Sed rutrum, erat a hendrerit blandit, urna mauris posuere est, at porttitor risus diam non leo. Nullam rutrum vehicula dolor, quis venenatis ligula rutrum sit amet. Nam massa justo, fermentum in dui lacinia, tincidunt imperdiet nunc. Nam posuere tortor ac lectus elementum, non mollis urna consequat. In interdum non tellus sed pellentesque.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+29
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc01503614e0f12f585427cccf81cf86">
|
||||
This is a test document to use for unit tests.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Address" id="d06d10c0722ac08a2488076a48e858d5">
|
||||
Doylestown, PA 18901
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a190164de573571375ecf759a5027a3a">
|
||||
Important points:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="64c58eb106608ad05424e47bbcdef7dc">
|
||||
Hamburgers are delicious
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9210d7882755a60fc82272a0e93df94f">
|
||||
Dogs are the best
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="970dd4ac687529e2d2126e0a51cb7c27">
|
||||
I love fuzzy blankets
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+44
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+349
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e5318630cd973733087506eca36a6be3">
|
||||
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8466f1c7e05ce04838ff95211c4fff50">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE Inflation Peaking amid Low Growth
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="04fca18cc5aea2fdb24b55c01f4fa968">
|
||||
2023 JAN
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="e8910cbfc6833d5ca117621c22a183e5"/>
|
||||
<img alt="WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE" class="Image" id="d897928ec5f88bb42d3aa4058c040eac"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="0f02ba386eb35b9043fb86b24f52ddef">
|
||||
Inflation Peaking amid Low Growth
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="dd334d49b207f297d7d16d33537c8a2a">
|
||||
Global growth is projected to fall from an estimated 3.4 percent in 2022 to 2.9 percent in 2023, then rise to 3.1 percent in 2024. The forecast for 2023 is 0.2 percentage point higher than predicted in the October 2022 World Economic Outlook (WEO) but below the historical (2000–19) average of 3.8 percent. The rise in central bank rates to fight inflation and Russia’s war in Ukraine continue to weigh on economic activity. The rapid spread of COVID-19 in China dampened growth in 2022, but the recent reopening has paved the way for a faster-than-expected recovery. Global inflation is expected to fall from 8.8 percent in 2022 to 6.6 percent in 2023 and 4.3 percent in 2024, still above pre-pandemic (2017–19) levels of about 3.5 percent.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="c61d4c2389bdea541dd0524ae98bbdb2">
|
||||
The balance of risks remains tilted to the downside, but adverse risks have moderated since the October 2022 WEO. On the upside, a stronger boost from pent-up demand in numerous economies or a faster fall in inflation are plausible. On the downside, severe health outcomes in China could hold back the recovery, Russia’s war in Ukraine could escalate, and tighter global financing conditions could worsen debt distress. Financial markets could also suddenly reprice in response to adverse inflation news, while further geopolitical fragmentation could hamper economic progress.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6d8185901672f642fb852b8b77c2f244">
|
||||
tighter monetary conditions and lower growth potentially affecting financial and debt stability, it is necessary to deploy macroprudential tools and strengthen debt restructuring frameworks. Accelerating COVID-19 vaccinations in China would safeguard the recovery, with positive cross-border spillovers. Fiscal support should be better targeted at those most affected by elevated food and energy prices, and broad-based fiscal relief measures should be withdrawn. Stronger multilateral cooperation is essential to preserve the gains from the rules-based multilateral system and to mitigate climate change by limiting emissions and raising green investment.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="b669c3a1a8ac62eede66dc0f3b3a8713">
|
||||
Forces Shaping the Outlook
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="973eedf8298b7bd74c78ffd345ef5695">
|
||||
The global fight against inflation, Russia’s war in Ukraine, and a resurgence of COVID-19 in China weighed on global economic activity in 2022, and the first two factors will continue to do so in 2023.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f56c5b8e5e9179665c81734bb47ec19b">
|
||||
Despite these headwinds, real GDP was surprisingly strong in the third quarter of 2022 in numerous economies, including the United States, the euro area, and major emerging market and developing economies. The sources of these surprises were in many cases domestic: stronger-than-expected private consumption and investment amid tight labor markets and greater-than-anticipated fiscal support. Households spent more to satisfy pent-up demand, particularly on services, partly by drawing down their stock of savings as economies reopened. Business investment rose to meet demand. On the supply side, easing bottlenecks and declining transportation costs reduced pressures on input prices and allowed for a rebound in previously constrained sectors, such as motor vehicles. Energy markets have adjusted faster than expected to the shock from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2c358a4bb06de0c8a9e1209b4a763bfa">
|
||||
In the fourth quarter of 2022, however, this uptick is estimated to have faded in most—though not all––major economies. US growth remains stronger than expected, with consumers continuing to spend from their stock of savings (the personal saving rate is at its lowest in more than 60 years, except for July 2005), unemployment near historic lows, and plentiful job opportunities. But elsewhere, high-frequency activity indicators (such as business and consumer sentiment, purchasing manager surveys, and mobility indicators) generally point to a slowdown.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="102714c79eee9e26b226b46f8289cb96">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023 1
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="04eab9b077f4803c2a87e4cb81235a0e">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d8af302f7df089e4e2068a1dccf1903f">
|
||||
COVID-19 deepens China’s slowdown. Economic activity in China slowed in the fourth quarter amid multiple large COVID-19 outbreaks in Beijing and other densely populated localities. Renewed lockdowns accompanied the outbreaks until the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions in November and December, which paved the way for a full reopening. Real estate investment continued to contract, and developer restructuring is proceeding slowly, amid the lingering property market crisis. Developers have yet to deliver on a large backlog of presold housing, and downward pressure is building on house prices (so far limited by home price floors). The authorities have responded with additional monetary and fiscal policy easing, new vaccination targets for the elderly, and steps to support the completion of unfinished real estate projects. However, consumer and business sentiment remained subdued in late 2022. China’s slowdown has reduced global trade growth and international commodity prices.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2951e1eb514a453e5813bc6889f759f5">
|
||||
Monetary policy starts to bite. Signs are apparent that monetary policy tightening is starting to cool demand and inflation, but the full impact is unlikely to be realized before 2024. Global headline inflation appears to have peaked in the third quarter of 2022 (Figure 1). Prices of fuel and nonfuel commodities have declined, lowering headline inflation, notably in the United States, the euro area, and Latin America. But underlying (core) inflation has not yet peaked in most economies and remains well above pre-pandemic levels. It has persisted amid second-round effects from earlier cost shocks and tight labor markets with robust wage growth as consumer demand has remained resilient. Medium-term inflation expectations generally remain anchored, but some gauges are up. These developments have caused central banks to raise rates faster than expected, especially in the United States and the euro area, and to signal that rates will stay elevated for longer. Core inflation is declining in some economies that have completed their tightening cycle—such as Brazil. Financial markets are displaying high sensitivity to inflation news, with equity markets rising following recent releases of lower inflation data in anticipation of interest rate cuts (Box 1), despite central banks’ communicating their resolve to tighten policy further. With the peak in US headline inflation and an acceleration in rate hikes by several non-US central banks, the dollar has weakened since September but remains significantly stronger than a year ago.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ea9e70213dbb306bbfc411301593a01f">
|
||||
Median country Brazil
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a37a878930b52526b96231dcbcb9b3f4">
|
||||
United States
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="cdd95d6fc1603d1c87d82ef501854019">
|
||||
Euro area
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f37bd3b81db4c6ef56f199b5d899aebd">
|
||||
Winter comes to Europe. European economic growth in 2022 was more resilient than expected in the face of the large negative terms-of-trade shock from the war in Ukraine. This resilience––which is
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="23cc5e8cc806e807c2d2a5070bd07b1c">
|
||||
2 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="43f5a5eb2707a8a8f8d7fd26a78f9dca">
|
||||
Nov. «22
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="010f24c0d9604698a0a97e91efcf2ae6">
|
||||
Nov.
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="d15294a3501442f95dd92dfae7cdf59f">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cb9a40fe73a2ad2fff6f2dfc3504b674">
|
||||
visible in consumption and investment data for the third quarter––partly reflects government support of about 1.2 percent of European Union GDP (net budgetary cost) to households and firms hit by the energy crisis, as well as dynamism from economies reopening. Gas prices have declined by more than expected amid higher non-Russian pipeline and liquefied natural gas flows, compression of demand for gas, and a warmer-than-usual winter. However, the boost from reopening appears to be fading. High-frequency indicators for the fourth quarter suggest that the manufacturing and services sectors are contracting. Consumer confidence and business sentiment have worsened. With inflation at about 10 percent or above in several euro area countries and the United Kingdom, household budgets remain stretched. The accelerated pace of rate increases by the Bank of England and the European Central Bank is tightening financial conditions and cooling demand in the housing sector and beyond.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ae89dcff717032e7fe67736c047811cf">
|
||||
The Forecast
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="31faf5d0d42f072f67cd5c14d03d1eb1">
|
||||
Growth Bottoming Out
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7648ab0cbe2c234e76e7509b4bafa67c">
|
||||
Global growth, estimated at 3.4 percent in 2022, is projected to fall to 2.9 percent in 2023 before rising to 3.1 percent in 2024 (Table 1). Compared with the October forecast, the estimate for 2022 and the forecast for 2023 are both higher by about 0.2 percentage point, reflecting positive surprises and greater-than-expected resilience in numerous economies. Negative growth in global GDP or global GDP per capita—which often happens when there is a global recession—is not expected. Nevertheless, global growth projected for 2023 and 2024 is below the historical (2000–19) annual average of 3.8 percent.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d3f06c04ff50e84b159d45dc0eb0469e">
|
||||
The forecast of low growth in 2023 reflects the rise in central bank rates to fight inflation–– especially in advanced economies––as well as the war in Ukraine. The decline in growth in 2023 from 2022 is driven by advanced economies; in emerging market and developing economies, growth is estimated to have bottomed out in 2022. Growth is expected to pick up in China with the full reopening in 2023. The expected pickup in 2024 in both groups of economies reflects gradual recovery from the effects of the war in Ukraine and subsiding inflation. Following the path of global demand, world trade growth is expected to decline in 2023 to 2.4 percent, despite an easing of supply bottlenecks, before rising to 3.4 percent in 2024.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4c85c18daf7765010c95f9d239d6b773">
|
||||
These forecasts are based on a number of assumptions, including on fuel and nonfuel commodity prices, which have generally been revised down since October, and on interest rates, which have been revised up. In 2023, oil prices are projected to fall by about 16 percent, while nonfuel commodity prices are expected to fall by, on average, 6.3 percent. Global interest rate assumptions are revised up, reflecting intensified actual and signaled policy tightening by major central banks since October.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="63a58ed0a369adeea609b73bde440690">
|
||||
For advanced economies, growth is projected to decline sharply from 2.7 percent in 2022 to 1.2 percent in 2023 before rising to 1.4 percent in 2024, with a downward revision of 0.2 percentage point for 2024. About 90 percent of advanced economies are projected to see a decline in growth in 2023.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="cf86df4360039e44a9d36c2156253dca">
|
||||
In the United States, growth is projected to fall from 2.0 percent in 2022 to 1.4 percent in 2023 and 1.0 percent in 2024. With growth rebounding in the second half of 2024, growth in 2024 will be faster than in 2023 on a fourth-quarter-over-fourth-quarter basis, as in most advanced
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="650a84a42d9c9f9a31dda76b1a9413b1">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023 3
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f57040df3261584cac2da28eac005e0e">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="966cfe6522040aae1b567b217ecf2ec2">
|
||||
economies. There is a 0.4 percentage point upward revision for annual growth in 2023, reflecting carryover effects from domestic demand resilience in 2022, but a 0.2 percentage point downward revision of growth in 2024 due to the steeper path of Federal Reserve rate hikes, to a peak of about 5.1 percent in 2023.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="af70a583660627245d8a985c424ed5ce">
|
||||
percent in 2024. The 0.2 percentage point upward revision to the forecast for 2023 reflects the effects of faster rate hikes by the European Central Bank and eroding real incomes, offset by the carryover from the 2022 outturn, lower wholesale energy prices, and additional announcements of fiscal purchasing power support in the form of energy price controls and cash transfers.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="31289f8161557502f84829c118ef779f">
|
||||
Growth in the United Kingdom is projected to be –0.6 percent in 2023, a 0.9 percentage point downward revision from October, reflecting tighter fiscal and monetary policies and financial conditions and still-high energy retail prices weighing on household budgets.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="7b242789f47f74e8004439ab9c9885ba">
|
||||
Growth in Japan is projected to rise to 1.8 percent in 2023, with continued monetary and fiscal policy support. High corporate profits from a depreciated yen and earlier delays in implementing previous projects will support business investment. In 2024, growth is expected to decline to 0.9 percent as the effects of past stimulus dissipate.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7e8c93b4741fa4ff1a87881dcaa89686">
|
||||
For emerging market and developing economies, growth is projected to rise modestly, from 3.9 percent in 2022 to 4.0 percent in 2023 and 4.2 percent in 2024, with an upward revision of 0.3 percentage point for 2023 and a downward revision of 0.1 percentage point for 2024. About half of emerging market and developing economies have lower growth in 2023 than in 2022.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="c1e048bf64acdbfb4b3f07ae2c2bd9a0">
|
||||
percent, respectively, after the deeper-than-expected slowdown in 2022 to 4.3 percent attributable to China’s economy. China’s real GDP slowdown in the fourth quarter of 2022 implies a 0.2 percentage point downgrade for 2022 growth to 3.0 percent—the first time in more than 40 years with China’s growth below the global average. Growth in China is projected to rise to 5.2 percent in 2023, reflecting rapidly improving mobility, and to fall to 4.5 percent in 2024 before settling at below 4 percent over the medium term amid declining business dynamism and slow progress on structural reforms. Growth in India is set to decline from 6.8 percent in 2022 to 6.1 percent in 2023 before picking up to 6.8 percent in 2024, with resilient domestic demand despite external headwinds. Growth in the ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand) is similarly projected to slow to 4.3 percent in 2023 and then pick up to 4.7 percent in 2024.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9da9aade2e55fc72f03d8b5a78092503">
|
||||
Growth in emerging and developing Europe is projected to have bottomed out in 2022 at 0.7 percent and, since the October forecast, has been revised up for 2023 by 0.9 percentage point to 1.5 percent. This reflects a smaller economic contraction in Russia in 2022 (estimated at –2.2 percent compared with a predicted –3.4 percent) followed by modestly positive growth in 2023. At the current oil price cap level of the Group of Seven, Russian crude oil export volumes are not expected to be significantly affected, with Russian trade continuing to be redirected from sanctioning to non-sanctioning countries. In Latin America and the Caribbean, growth is projected to decline from 3.9 percent in 2022 to 1.8 percent in 2023, with an upward revision for 2023 of 0.1 percentage point since October. The forecast revision reflects upgrades of 0.2 percentage point for Brazil and 0.5 percentage point for Mexico due to unexpected domestic demand resilience, higher-than-expected growth in
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="e2f761e5fbfa887c5c4654959178dd0e">
|
||||
4 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="90d34f5e846e7bc2bf02fac74e7081a7">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ffb99a5d75b910c8329e0ef1bafde120">
|
||||
major trading partner economies, and in Brazil, greater-than-expected fiscal support. Growth in the region is projected to rise to 2.1 percent in 2024, although with a downward revision of 0.3 percentage point, reflecting tighter financial conditions, lower prices of exported commodities, and downward revisions to trading partner growth.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d75546413a70b32318e60a4439de8e7f">
|
||||
Growth in the Middle East and Central Asia is projected to decline from 5.3 percent in 2022 to 3.2 percent in 2023, with a downward revision of 0.4 percentage point since October, mainly attributable to a steeper-than-expected growth slowdown in Saudi Arabia, from 8.7 percent in 2022 (which was stronger than expected by 1.1 percentage points) to 2.6 percent in 2023, with a negative revision of 1.1 percentage points. The downgrade for 2023 reflects mainly lower oil production in line with an agreement through OPEC+ (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, including Russia and other non-OPEC oil exporters), while non-oil growth is expected to remain robust. In sub-Saharan Africa, growth is projected to remain moderate at 3.8 percent in 2023 amid prolonged fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic, although with a modest upward revision since October, before picking up to 4.1 percent in 2024. The small upward revision for 2023 (0.1 percentage point) reflects Nigeria’s rising growth in 2023 due to measures to address insecurity issues in the oil sector. In South Africa, by contrast, after a COVID-19 reopening rebound in 2022, projected growth more than halves in 2023, to 1.2 percent, reflecting weaker external demand, power shortages, and structural constraints.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c4ed38259052e804c28ab9511fb83709">
|
||||
Inflation Peaking
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6fad039abd2a07c18e04427a5c0934c1">
|
||||
About 84 percent of countries are expected to have lower headline (consumer price index) inflation in 2023 than in 2022. Global inflation is set to fall from 8.8 percent in 2022 (annual average) to 6.6 percent in 2023 and 4.3 percent in 2024––above pre-pandemic (2017–19) levels of about 3.5 percent. The projected disinflation partly reflects declining international fuel and nonfuel commodity prices due to weaker global demand. It also reflects the cooling effects of monetary policy tightening on underlying (core) inflation, which globally is expected to decline from 6.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2022 (year over year) to 4.5 percent by the fourth quarter of 2023. Still, disinflation will take time: by 2024, projected annual average headline and core inflation will, respectively, still be above pre-pandemic levels in 82 percent and 86 percent of economies.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="276ca71db7194279383dbd5ed47e6401">
|
||||
In advanced economies, annual average inflation is projected to decline from 7.3 percent in 2022 to 4.6 percent in 2023 and 2.6 percent in 2024––above target in several cases. In emerging market and developing economies, projected annual inflation declines from 9.9 percent in 2022 to 8.1 percent in 2023 and 5.5 percent in 2024, above the 4.9 percent pre-pandemic (2017–19) average. In low-income developing countries, inflation is projected to moderate from 14.2 percent in 2022 to 8.6 percent in 2024––still high, but close to the pre-pandemic average.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="dad6fdc16c791d4a298b86a74a7787cb">
|
||||
The balance of risks to the global outlook remains tilted to the downside, with scope for lower growth and higher inflation, but adverse risks have moderated since the October 2022 World Economic Outlook.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="4a9791d1daa8c2de8ae6fe9473b0806c">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023. 5
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5ed317e88b9e032f0a07e1a59492920c">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="7b55f9cf2ab15edd5f5ddda66cd012d1">
|
||||
Table 1. Overview of the World Economic Outlook Projections (Percent change, unless noted otherwise)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="4eb34e94205ace0b2308f955a58a3f0a" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Year over Year Difference from October 2022 Q4 over Q4 2/ 2021 Estimate 2022 Projections 2023 2024 WEO Projections 1/ 2023 2024 Estimate 2022 Projections 2023 2024 6.2 3.4 2.9 3.1 0.2 –0.1 1.9 3.2 3.0 Advanced Economies United States Euro Area Germany France Italy Spain Japan United Kingdom Canada Other Advanced Economies 3/ 5.4 5.9 5.3 2.6 6.8 6.7 5.5 2.1 7.6 5.0 5.3 2.7 2.0 3.5 1.9 2.6 3.9 5.2 1.4 4.1 3.5 2.8 1.2 1.4 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.8 –0.6 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 0.9 2.4 0.9 0.9 1.5 2.4 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.8 –0.1 0.2 –0.9 0.0 –0.3 –0.2 –0.2 –0.2 –0.1 0.0 –0.4 –0.2 –0.4 0.3 –0.1 –0.2 1.3 0.7 1.9 1.4 0.5 2.1 2.1 1.7 0.4 2.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.9 0.1 1.3 1.0 –0.5 1.2 2.1 1.6 1.3 2.1 2.3 1.8 1.0 2.8 1.0 1.8 1.9 2.2 Emerging Market and Developing Economies Emerging and Developing Asia China India 4/ Emerging and Developing Europe Russia Latin America and the Caribbean Brazil Mexico Middle East and Central Asia Saudi Arabia Sub-Saharan Africa Nigeria South Africa 6.7 7.4 8.4 8.7 6.9 4.7 7.0 5.0 4.7 4.5 3.2 4.7 3.6 4.9 3.9 4.3 3.0 6.8 0.7 –2.2 3.9 3.1 3.1 5.3 8.7 3.8 3.0 2.6 4.0 5.3 5.2 6.1 1.5 0.3 1.8 1.2 1.7 3.2 2.6 3.8 3.2 1.2 4.2 5.2 4.5 6.8 2.6 2.1 2.1 1.5 1.6 3.7 3.4 4.1 2.9 1.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.9 2.6 0.1 0.2 0.5 –0.4 –1.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 –0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.6 –0.3 –0.4 –0.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 3.4 2.9 4.3 –2.0 –4.1 2.6 2.8 3.7 . . . 4.6 . . . 2.6 3.0 5.0 6.2 5.9 7.0 3.5 1.0 1.9 0.8 1.1 . . . 2.7 . . . 3.1 0.5 4.1 4.9 4.1 7.1 2.8 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.9 . . . 3.5 . . . 2.9 1.8 Memorandum World Growth Based on Market Exchange Rates European Union ASEAN-5 5/ Middle East and North Africa Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies Low-Income Developing Countries 6.0 5.5 3.8 4.1 7.0 4.1 3.1 3.7 5.2 5.4 3.8 4.9 2.4 0.7 4.3 3.2 4.0 4.9 2.5 1.8 4.7 3.5 4.1 5.6 0.3 0.0 –0.2 –0.4 0.4 0.0 –0.1 –0.3 –0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.7 1.8 3.7 . . . 2.5 . . . 2.5 1.2 5.7 . . . 5.0 . . . 2.5 2.0 4.0 . . . 4.1 . . . 10.4 9.4 12.1 5.4 6.6 3.4 2.4 2.3 2.6 3.4 2.7 4.6 –0.1 0.0 –0.3 –0.3 –0.4 0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 26.4 39.8 7.0 –16.2 –6.3 –7.1 –0.4 –3.3 –0.1 –0.9 0.3 11.2 –2.0 –9.8 1.4 –5.9 –0.2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2d46f6faafe2544549dd92fcbe07addd">
|
||||
World Output
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8c0af04bc7a87b5013697ac78410d6e3">
|
||||
World Trade Volume (goods and services) 6/ Advanced Economies Emerging Market and Developing Economies
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="61cc155370f47a3bdda30c407ce2958b">
|
||||
Commodity Prices Oil 7/ Nonfuel (average based on world commodity import weights)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7b87f70df5eb0c5c5f4e05cb89393628">
|
||||
World Consumer Prices 8/ Advanced Economies 9/ Emerging Market and Developing Economies 8/
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="01f6110f227ca362f21307a252d387bc">
|
||||
4.7 3.1 5.9
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="54dc7fe009c437d116108cec181e3792">
|
||||
8.8 7.3 9.9
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="348fa41c29526b8d4933fa0492af810e">
|
||||
6.6 4.6 8.1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6aabe10eb8cae2bc4de874c542565ec1">
|
||||
4.3 2.6 5.5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="41242d1e0d075b14e1153a9a6eac1abc">
|
||||
0.1 0.2 0.0
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="553fd3a7a662ec2190665ed75ae70c65">
|
||||
0.2 0.2 0.2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="42d777ee314b8f164aabb1976e185638">
|
||||
9.2 7.8 10.4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="b536aeb880e2566ac393af151f8a53c0">
|
||||
5.0 3.1 6.6
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2ccb29d3db680f09050e16da013cfa4c">
|
||||
Note: Real effective exchange rates are assumed to remain constant at the levels prevailing during October 26, 2022--November 23, 2022. Economies are listed on the basis of economic size. The aggregated quarterly data are seasonally adjusted. WEO = World Economic Outlook. 1/ Difference based on rounded figures for the current and October 2022 WEO forecasts. Countries whose forecasts have been updated relative to October 2022 WEO forecasts account for approximately 90 percent of world GDP measured at purchasing-power-parity weights. 2/ For World Output (Emerging Market and Developing Economies), the quarterly estimates and projections account for approximately 90 percent (80 percent) of annual world (emerging market and developing economies') output at purchasing-power-parity weights. 3/ Excludes the Group of Seven (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States) and euro area countries. 4/ For India, data and projections are presented on a fiscal year basis, with FY 2022/23 (starting in April 2022) shown in the 2022 column. India's growth projections are 5.4 percent in 2023 and 6.8 percent in 2024 based on calendar year. 5/ Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand. 6/ Simple average of growth rates for export and import volumes (goods and services). 7/ Simple average of prices of UK Brent, Dubai Fateh, and West Texas Intermediate crude oil. The average assumed price of oil in US dollars a barrel, based on futures markets (as of November 29, 2022), is $81.13 in 2023 and $75.36 in 2024. 8/ Excludes Venezuela. 9/ The inflation rate for the euro area is 5.7% in 2023 and 3.3% in 2024, that for Japan is 2.8% in 2023 and 2.0% in 2024, and that for the United States is 4.0% in 2023 and 2.2% in 2024.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fcdbec90e78c273dd191e6938b63b3aa">
|
||||
Upside risks—Plausible upside risks include more favorable surprises to domestic spending—as in the third quarter of 2022—which, however, would increase inflation further. At the same time, there is room for an upside scenario with lower-than-expected inflation and less monetary tightening:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="05b94a59813751cc052b233294eea3bf">
|
||||
support and, in many cases, still-tight labor markets and solid wage growth, pent-up demand remains an upside risk to the growth outlook. In some advanced economies, recent data show that households are still on net adding to their stock of excess savings (as in some euro area countries and the United Kingdom) or have ample savings left (as in the United States). This leaves scope for a further boost to consumption—particularly of services, including tourism.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="a92c9c37dd45ab95af9ee011a431bbfd">
|
||||
6 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="36b409ff8f7f08da8322fb6945b054ef">
|
||||
3.5 2.3 4.5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="9d90e4fc536bda02ef1167255c84eed7">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b20c66b46dd6311d2a324c0156315353">
|
||||
However, the boost to demand could stoke core inflation, leading to even tighter monetary policies and a stronger-than-expected slowdown later on. Pent-up demand could also fuel a stronger rebound in China.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="71a1e86ca0ab0fa7c75ad3568285eda6">
|
||||
Faster disinflation: An easing in labor market pressures in some advanced economies due to falling vacancies could cool wage inflation without necessarily increasing unemployment. A sharp fall in the prices of goods, as consumers shift back to services, could further push down inflation. Such developments could imply a “softer” landing with less monetary tightening.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="36c4ce26347dd1aae7029596e0cb3e96">
|
||||
Downside risks—Numerous downside risks continue to weigh on the global outlook, lowering growth while, in a number of cases, adding further to inflation:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9d5064113562605b7a1b3f1bc24840a4">
|
||||
capacity, especially outside the major urban areas, significant health consequences could hamper the recovery. A deepening crisis in the real estate market remains a major source of vulnerability, with risks of widespread defaults by developers and resulting financial sector instability. Spillovers to the rest of the world would operate primarily through lower demand and potentially renewed supply chain problems.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="a020d627fc081a56453ab6b3ee8c0881">
|
||||
vulnerability, particularly for Europe and lower-income countries. Europe is facing lower-than- anticipated gas prices, having stored enough gas to make shortages unlikely this winter. However, refilling storage with much-diminished Russian flows will be challenging ahead of next winter, particularly if it is a very cold one and China’s energy demand picks up, causing price spikes. A possible increase in food prices from a failed extension of the Black Sea grain initiative would put further pressure on lower-income countries that are experiencing food insecurity and have limited budgetary room to cushion the impact on households and businesses. With elevated food and fuel prices, social unrest may increase.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5a4931739cd615032ea03860c3ace150">
|
||||
Debt distress: Since October, sovereign spreads for emerging market and developing economies have modestly declined on the back of an easing in global financial conditions (Box 1) and dollar depreciation. About 15 percent of low-income countries are estimated to be in debt distress, with an additional 45 percent at high risk of debt distress and about 25 percent of emerging market economies also at high risk. The combination of high debt levels from the pandemic, lower growth, and higher borrowing costs exacerbates the vulnerability of these economies, especially those with significant near-term dollar financing needs. Inflation persisting: Persistent labor market tightness could translate into stronger-than-expected wage growth. Higher-than-expected oil, gas, and food prices from the war in Ukraine or from a faster rebound in China’s growth could again raise headline inflation and pass through into underlying inflation. Such developments could cause inflation expectations to de-anchor and require an even tighter monetary policy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="5c53b2d3f514a92cc6c099fd9a46b49a">
|
||||
Sudden financial market repricing: A premature easing in financial conditions in response to lower headline inflation data could complicate anti-inflation policies and necessitate additional monetary tightening. For the same reason, unfavorable inflation data releases could trigger sudden repricing of assets and increase volatility in financial markets. Such movements could strain liquidity and the functioning of critical markets, with ripple effects on the real economy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e3c931f10a12b33fb9aeb6427a16c7ae">
|
||||
Geopolitical fragmentation: The war in Ukraine and the related international sanctions aimed at pressuring Russia to end hostilities are splitting the world economy into blocs and reinforcing
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="84d70cebf2068479ad03b1f4fca89141">
|
||||
earlier geopolitical tensions, such as those associated with the US-China trade dispute.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9fda15cda44df99e579f024b037349d9">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023. 7
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="8e25ec572941a6a14bbab64312dd35a2">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1e6c82906e4e6d414004cb6af55cfdd8">
|
||||
Fragmentation could intensify—with more restrictions on cross-border movements of capital, workers, and international payments—and could hamper multilateral cooperation on providing global public goods.1 The costs of such fragmentation are especially high in the short term, as replacing disrupted cross-border flows takes time.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="72c775cd8adaa0370bdbb1bc30c57907">
|
||||
Policy Priorities
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="975bc3e42433eb8c66e588bea7cd7510">
|
||||
Securing global disinflation: For most economies, the priority remains achieving a sustained reduction in inflation toward target levels. Raising real policy rates and keeping them above their neutral levels until underlying inflation is clearly declining would ward off risks of inflation expectations de- anchoring. Clear central bank communication and appropriate reactions to shifts in the data will help keep inflation expectations anchored and lessen wage and price pressures. Central banks’ balance sheets will need to be unwound carefully, amid market liquidity risks. Gradual and steady fiscal tightening would contribute to cooling demand and limit the burden on monetary policy in the fight against inflation. In countries where output remains below potential and inflation is in check, maintaining monetary and fiscal accommodation may be appropriate.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="aa7909a0b52db93a6f10d7fd56f76550">
|
||||
Containing the reemergence of COVID-19: Addressing the ongoing pandemic requires coordinated efforts to boost vaccination and medicine access in countries where coverage remains low as well as the deployment of pandemic preparedness measures—including a global push toward sequencing and sharing data. In China, focusing vaccination efforts on vulnerable groups and maintaining sufficiently high coverage of boosters and antiviral medicines would minimize the risks of severe health outcomes and safeguard the recovery, with favorable cross-border spillovers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ca07b88dc1247f54719122a49cc5fd59">
|
||||
Ensuring financial stability: Depending on country circumstances, macroprudential tools can be used to tackle pockets of elevated financial sector vulnerabilities. Monitoring housing sector developments and conducting stress tests in economies where house prices have increased significantly over the past few years are warranted. In China, central government action to resolve the property crisis and reduce the risk of spillovers to financial stability and growth is a priority, including by strengthening temporary mechanisms to protect presale homebuyers from the risk of non-delivery and by restructuring troubled developers. Globally, financial sector regulations introduced after the global financial crisis have contributed to the resilience of banking sectors throughout the pandemic, but there is a need to address data and supervisory gaps in the less-regulated nonbank financial sector, where risks may have built up inconspicuously. Recent turmoil in the crypto space also highlights the urgent need to introduce common standards and reinforce oversight of crypto assets.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="328214785cd96977b4cbbd5a778942d1">
|
||||
Restoring debt sustainability: Lower growth and higher borrowing costs have raised public debt ratios in several economies. Where debt is unsustainable, implementing restructuring or reprofiling early on as part of a package of reforms (including fiscal consolidation and growth-enhancing supply-side reforms) can avert the need for more disruptive adjustment later.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3a2ff2baa28f7160cee0e8c2cc842661">
|
||||
Supporting the vulnerable: The surge in global energy and food prices triggered a cost-of-living crisis. Governments acted swiftly with support to households and firms, which helped cushion effects on growth and at times limited the pass-through from energy prices to headline inflation through price
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3601c468c40a282c19c8abdcca4add1b">
|
||||
1 See “Geo-Economic Fragmentation and the Future of Multilateralism,” IMF Staff Discussion Note 2023/001.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="4480feb00164d7db4e269a2adc4f73d2">
|
||||
8 International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="0f9c4deaa35a06e367d2460d890b3dad">
|
||||
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK UPDATE, JANUARY 2023
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="426f6eb8bbe7d2f5fe507b439d2ebc2b">
|
||||
controls. The temporary and broad-based measures are becoming increasingly costly and should be withdrawn and replaced by targeted approaches. Preserving the energy price signal will encourage a reduction in energy consumption and limit the risks of shortages. Targeting can be achieved through social safety nets such as cash transfers to eligible households based on income or demographics or by transfers through electricity companies based on past energy consumption. Subsidies should be temporary and offset by revenue-generating measures, including one-time solidarity taxes on high- income households and companies, where appropriate.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="405cec1fe989a0ad8960b938355d4c7b">
|
||||
Reinforcing supply: Supply-side policies could address the key structural factors impeding growth— including market power, rent seeking, rigid regulation and planning, and inefficient education—and could help build resilience, reduce bottlenecks, and alleviate price pressures. A concerted push for investment along the supply chain of green energy technologies would bolster energy security and help advance progress on the green transition.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c7a53c81c39c885df191bbf239165b3d">
|
||||
Strengthening multilateral cooperation—Urgent action is needed to limit the risks stemming from geopolitical fragmentation and to ensure cooperation on fundamental areas of common interest:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="65269b45848d66c7d8b45099ddf6a328">
|
||||
Restraining the pandemic: Global coordination is needed to resolve bottlenecks in the global
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2ae3be4a3aa90a31eea5a5a306d3837c">
|
||||
distribution of vaccines and treatments. Public support for the development of new vaccine technologies and the design of systematic responses to future epidemics also remains essential. Addressing debt distress: Progress has been made for countries that requested debt treatment under the Group of Twenty’s Common Framework initiative, and more will be needed to strengthen it. It is also necessary to agree on mechanisms to resolve debt in a broader set of economies, including middle-income countries that are not eligible under the Common Framework. Non– Paris Club and private creditors have a crucial role to play in ensuring coordinated, effective, and timely debt resolution processes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="45e6f88f4dabe97ff6778317c9249838">
|
||||
Strengthening global trade: Strengthening the global trading system would address risks associated with trade fragmentation. This can be achieved by rolling back restrictions on food exports and other essential items such as medicine, upgrading World Trade Organization (WTO) rules in critical areas such as agricultural and industrial subsidies, concluding and implementing new WTO-based agreements, and fully restoring the WTO dispute settlement system.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="366056038aacb60e1ce242fff64e54ba">
|
||||
Using the global financial safety net: With the cascading of shocks to the global economy, using the global financial safety net to its fullest extent is appropriate, including by proactively utilizing the IMF’s precautionary financial arrangements and channeling aid from the international community to low-income countries facing shocks.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="7325338aa370c261a2582cadd41fefb5">
|
||||
Speeding the green transition: To meet governments’ climate change goals, it is necessary to swiftly implement credible mitigation policies. International coordination on carbon pricing or equivalent policies would facilitate faster decarbonization. Global cooperation is needed to build resilience to climate shocks, including through aid to vulnerable countries.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fbb9304898eea6b4435134ec70696620">
|
||||
International Monetary Fund | January 2023 9
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<img alt="BOX 1. GL AL FINANCIAL STABILITY UPDATE" class="Image" id="10ea5d031e3bc9c3e108ffdd979b856d"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="07d29d53937f3f8bf76548a1f7c8b017">
|
||||
Overall, financial stability risks remain elevated as investors reassess their inflation and monetary policy outlook. Global financial conditions have eased somewhat since the October 2022 Global Financial Stability Report, driven largely by changing market expectations regarding the interest rate cycle (Figure 1.1). While the expected peak in policy rates—the terminal rate—has risen, markets now also expect the subsequent fall in rates will be significantly faster, and further, than what was forecast in October (Figure 1.2). As a result, global bond yields have recently declined, corporate spreads have tightened, and equity markets have rebounded. That said, central banks are likely to continue to tighten monetary policy to fight inflation, and concerns that this restrictive stance could tip the economy into a recession have increased in major advanced economies.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f1dc7632c3c313cc34bc6a4f64af05b5">
|
||||
Figure 1.1. Global Financial Conditions: Selected Regions (Standard deviations from mean)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="7 6 5 4 United States Euro area China Other AEs Other EMs October 2022 GFSR 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2006 08 08 06 10 10 12 12 14 16 14 16 18 18 20 22 22 20 " class="Image" id="16c33c9e209b518305829584935190dd"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="f61c8f5157c0dedec7bd07b89b5818fd">
|
||||
Sources: Bloomberg Finance L.P.; Haver Analytics; national data sources; and IMF staff calculations. Note: AEs = advanced economies; EMs = emerging markets. GFSR = Global Financial Stability Report.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fd3223759c188ca12a81861f36083bb9">
|
||||
Slowing aggregate demand and weaker-than-expected inflation prints in some major advanced economies have prompted investors’ anticipation of a further reduction in the pace of future policy rate hikes. Corporate earnings forecasts have been cut due to headwinds from slowing demand, and margins have contracted across most regions. In addition, survey-based probabilities of recession have been increasing, particularly in the United States and Europe. However, upside risks to the inflation outlook remain. Despite the recent moderation in headline inflation, core inflation remains stubbornly high across most regions, labor markets are still tight, energy prices remain pressured by Russia’s ongoing war in Ukraine, and supply chain disruptions may reappear. To keep these risks in check, financial conditions will likely need to tighten further. If not, central banks may need to increase policy rates even more in order to achieve their inflation objectives.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9f931c3b54669a87892391846beda98c">
|
||||
Figure 1.2. Market-Implied Expectations of Policy Rates (Percent)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="Latest October 2022 GFSR 6 1. United States 2. Euro area 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 1 1 Oct. 22 Apr. 23 Oct. 23 Dec. 24 Dec. 26 Oct. 22 Apr. 23 Oct. 23 Dec. 24 Dec. 26 " class="Image" id="bffdca980631ced1f96ab886cf9dcf22"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f787afd6d27e6bfdc89bd82044a417a6">
|
||||
Given the tension between rising recession risks and monetary policy uncertainty, markets have seen significant volatility. While many central banks in advanced economies have stepped down the size of hikes, they have also explicitly stated they will need to keep rates higher, for a longer period of time, to tamp down inflation. Risk assets could face significant declines if earnings retrench further or if investors reassess their outlook for monetary policy given central bank communications. Globally, the partial reversal of the dollar rally has contributed to recent easing due to improved risk appetite, and some emerging market central banks have paused tightening amid tentative signs that inflation may have peaked.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b0002e1597c04292e2e01d4e15cb0dd7">
|
||||
Financial market volatility is expected to remain elevated and could be exacerbated by poor market liquidity. For some asset classes (such as US Treasuries), liquidity has deteriorated to the March 2020 lows of the COVID-19 pandemic. With the process of central bank balance sheet reduction (quantitative tightening) underway, market liquidity is expected to remain challenging.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2a9dc522d08d54609f97f566911ceed1">
|
||||
10 — International Monetary Fund | January 2023
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="103cccd2abc41bc4beb9e70dff33123a">
|
||||
WEO Update © 2023 • ISBN: 979-8-40023-224-4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+62
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7581b3e14a56c276896da707704c221e">
|
||||
output values. These are concatenated and once again projected, resulting in the final values, as depicted in Figure 2.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5f0b9e258d134a12434aaa080638e9de">
|
||||
Multi-head attention allows the model to jointly attend to information from different representation subspaces at different positions. With a single attention head, averaging inhibits this.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="2f5b0b2ffa8872dde498f34cd4af6bd9">
|
||||
MultiHead(Q, K, V ) = Concat(head1, ..., headh)W O where headi = Attention(QW Q i , KW K i , V W V i )
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="703f1d4e9204c8b7ea94191f87138425">
|
||||
Where the projections are parameter matrices W Q and W O ∈ Rhdv×dmodel. i ∈ Rdmodel×dk , W K i ∈ Rdmodel×dk , W V i ∈ Rdmodel×dv
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e3e4737377b1614b02426ccc77bdcfc3">
|
||||
In this work we employ h = 8 parallel attention layers, or heads. For each of these we use dk = dv = dmodel/h = 64. Due to the reduced dimension of each head, the total computational cost is similar to that of single-head attention with full dimensionality.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="31e28cc49f5625cec5e262fbb4b7e5f0">
|
||||
3.2.3 Applications of Attention in our Model
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f84e983da98f26bd5c141846aeffd0aa">
|
||||
The Transformer uses multi-head attention in three different ways:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fd24bf7bf21b4aab2a36021f9ebb253b">
|
||||
• In "encoder-decoder attention" layers, the queries come from the previous decoder layer, and the memory keys and values come from the output of the encoder. This allows every position in the decoder to attend over all positions in the input sequence. This mimics the typical encoder-decoder attention mechanisms in sequence-to-sequence models such as [38, 2, 9].
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="77762865993fd26c55c87cb45d75cad8">
|
||||
• The encoder contains self-attention layers. In a self-attention layer all of the keys, values and queries come from the same place, in this case, the output of the previous layer in the encoder. Each position in the encoder can attend to all positions in the previous layer of the encoder.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="41b9b9d2a4329a8f6075f4776403c2de">
|
||||
• Similarly, self-attention layers in the decoder allow each position in the decoder to attend to all positions in the decoder up to and including that position. We need to prevent leftward information flow in the decoder to preserve the auto-regressive property. We implement this inside of scaled dot-product attention by masking out (setting to −∞) all values in the input of the softmax which correspond to illegal connections. See Figure 2.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3b1f6da814e3826309b614d8b8dc9266">
|
||||
3.3 Position-wise Feed-Forward Networks
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="46bb05e8d9c19147942fb75345ae3dbb">
|
||||
In addition to attention sub-layers, each of the layers in our encoder and decoder contains a fully connected feed-forward network, which is applied to each position separately and identically. This consists of two linear transformations with a ReLU activation in between.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="eda9b46d50730928c8437d6149e01a2b">
|
||||
FFN(x) = max(0, xW1 + b1)W2 + b2 (2)
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="43c1741dc91b5b67a03a726873df3be5">
|
||||
While the linear transformations are the same across different positions, they use different parameters from layer to layer. Another way of describing this is as two convolutions with kernel size 1. The dimensionality of input and output is dmodel = 512, and the inner-layer has dimensionality df f = 2048.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="63fc763509dec0fa03ba8296e4b0616e">
|
||||
3.4 Embeddings and Softmax
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ab8cefbb53c308302ee0e3c0c7ecfd25">
|
||||
Similarly to other sequence transduction models, we use learned embeddings to convert the input tokens and output tokens to vectors of dimension dmodel. We also use the usual learned linear transfor- mation and softmax function to convert the decoder output to predicted next-token probabilities. In our model, we share the same weight matrix between the two embedding layers and the pre-softmax dmodel. linear transformation, similar to [30]. In the embedding layers, we multiply those weights by
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="b45e24bb89196d4b50d76df531acfaf2">
|
||||
5
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+29
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d7eba20cdf64938f67975aee65d98548">
|
||||
Ingest test test document. Particularly aimed towards testing permissions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Address" id="2d4d2de7860b327b280a0c3ced53493e">
|
||||
Doylestown, PA 18901
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="904726a3e2fe60a24f18e703913d93e1">
|
||||
Important points:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="96f4223239fb687e7e0e9025171e561b">
|
||||
- Hamburgers are delicious
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6cfb5e11e57fb52bbb64effa3d003e25">
|
||||
- Dogs are the best
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="70af88aec0bb835f65361710f9bd4f92">
|
||||
- I love fuzzy blankets
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+113
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="17e9a90f9616f2abed8cf32b5bd3810d">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="8d70ea477d9db14ed01ff1d39a118a42" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Team
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Location
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blues
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
STL
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Flyers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
PHI
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Maple Leafs
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
TOR
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
13
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ee34bd8c186b57e3530d5443ffa58122">
|
||||
Stanley Cups Since 67
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="310cd42767ffd563f6639210df793c5b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Team
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Location
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blues
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
STL
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Flyers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
PHI
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Maple Leafs
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
TOR
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+103
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="c5b3b6e241f8f6da6c463b39d21ffabc" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Assignee
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Checkboxes
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Dates
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Notes 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Status
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
0.0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
True
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2023-08-06T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
# Nec lapathi suavitatem acupenseri Galloni Laelius anteponebat, sed suavitatem ipsam neglegebat;\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. [At multis se probavit.](http://loripsum.net/) Atque etiam ad iustitiam colendam, ad tuendas amicitias et reliquas caritates quid natura valeat haec una cognitio potest tradere. Alia quaedam dicent, credo, magna antiquorum esse peccata, quae ille veri investigandi cupidus nullo modo ferre potuerit. Facit igitur Lucius noster prudenter, qui audire de summo bono potissimum velit; _Duo Reges: constructio interrete._ Hoc unum Aristo tenuit: praeter vitia atque virtutes negavit rem esse ullam aut fugiendam aut expetendam. Quid affers, cur Thorius, cur Caius Postumius, cur omnium horum magister, Orata, non iucundissime vixerit? Itaque multi, cum in potestate essent hostium aut tyrannorum, multi in custodia, multi in exillo dolorem suum doctrinae studiis levaverunt. Hic, qui utrumque probat, ambobus debuit uti, sicut facit re, neque tamen dividit verbis. [Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?](http://loripsum.net/)\n- Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest?\n- Ex eorum enim scriptis et institutis cum omnis doctrina liberalis, omnis historia.\n- Sed tempus est, si videtur, et recta quidem ad me.\n- Quae iam oratio non a philosopho aliquo, sed a censore opprimenda est.\n## Sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim.\nEstne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Utrum igitur percurri omnem Epicuri disciplinam placet an de una voluptate quaeri, de qua omne certamen est? Quae enim dici Latine posse non arbitrabar, ea dicta sunt a te verbis aptis nec minus plane quam dicuntur a Graecis. Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones. Quis enim redargueret? [Scrupulum, inquam, abeunti;](http://loripsum.net/) _Quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?_\nIlle incendat?\nQuantum Aristoxeni ingenium consumptum videmus in musicis?\nBork\nVirtutis, magnitudinis animi, patientiae, fortitudinis fomentis dolor mitigari solet.\nSi longus, levis.\nIta redarguitur ipse a sese, convincunturque scripta eius probitate ipsius ac moribus.\nQuo modo?\nQuamquam non negatis nos intellegere quid sit voluptas, sed quid ille dicat.\n### Bork\n`Sed quae tandem ista ratio est?` Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q. Quid in isto egregio tuo officio et tanta fide-sic enim existimo-ad corpus refers? [Haec et tu ita posuisti, et verba vestra sunt.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed potestne rerum maior esse dissensio? `Que Manilium, ab iisque M.` `Quid Zeno?` **Omnia peccata paria dicitis.**\n> Et tamen quid attinet luxuriosis ullam exceptionem dari aut fingere aliquos, qui, cum luxuriose viverent, a summo philosopho non reprehenderentur eo nomine dumtaxat, cetera caverent?\n```\nCerte, nisi voluptatem tanti aestimaretis.\n\nSed quid ages tandem, si utilitas ab amicitia, ut fit saepe,\ndefecerit?\n```\n1. Luxuriam non reprehendit, modo sit vacua infinita cupiditate et timore.\n2. Quodsi vultum tibi, si incessum fingeres, quo gravior viderere, non esses tui similis;\n3. Si enim ad populum me vocas, eum.\n4. Ergo illi intellegunt quid Epicurus dicat, ego non intellego?\n5. Qui non moveatur et offensione turpitudinis et comprobatione honestatis?\n6. Cur deinde Metrodori liberos commendas?\n\n
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In progress
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{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
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True
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2023-08-16T14:00:00.000Z
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Name1
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# Nescio quo modo praetervolavit oratio.\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quid ad utilitatem tantae pecuniae? Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris. Ex quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene. _Bork_ [Hoc non est positum in nostra actione.](http://loripsum.net/) [Duo Reges: constructio interrete.](http://loripsum.net/) An est aliquid per se ipsum flagitiosum, etiamsi nulla comitetur infamia? Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?\nAn eiusdem modi? At vero illa, quae Peripatetici, quae Stoici dicunt, semper tibi in ore sunt in iudiciis, in senatu. [Ad eos igitur converte te, quaeso.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem;](http://loripsum.net/) _Id est enim, de quo quaerimus._ **Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias;** Docent enim nos, ut scis, dialectici, si ea, quae rem aliquam sequantur, falsa sint, falsam illam ipsam esse, quam sequantur. Tum Lucius: Mihi vero ista valde probata sunt, quod item fratri puto. Aut unde est hoc contritum vetustate proverbium: quicum in tenebris?\n- Nec enim, omnes avaritias si aeque avaritias esse dixerimus, sequetur ut etiam aequas esse dicamus.\n- Heri, inquam, ludis commissis ex urbe profectus veni ad vesperum.\n- Quod eo liquidius faciet, si perspexerit rerum inter eas verborumne sit controversia.\n- Videmus igitur ut conquiescere ne infantes quidem possint.\n## Suam denique cuique naturam esse ad vivendum ducem.\nAlterum autem genus est magnarum verarumque virtutum, quas appellamus voluntarias, ut prudentiam, temperantiam, fortitudinem, iustitiam et reliquas eiusdem generis. Portenta haec esse dicit, neque ea ratione ullo modo posse vivi; _Quid sequatur, quid repugnet, vident._ Quid turpius quam sapientis vitam ex insipientium sermone pendere? Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum. Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q.\n1. Sed non alienum est, quo facilius vis verbi intellegatur, rationem huius verbi faciendi Zenonis exponere.\n2. Quae sunt igitur communia vobis cum antiquis, iis sic utamur quasi concessis;\n3. Et summatim quidem haec erant de corpore animoque dicenda, quibus quasi informatum est quid hominis natura postulet.\n4. Quae adhuc, Cato, a te dicta sunt, eadem, inquam, dicere posses, si sequerere Pyrrhonem aut Aristonem.\n```\nAn vero displicuit ea, quae tributa est animi virtutibus\ntanta praestantia?\n\nProclivi currit oratio.\n```\n> Bork\nNihil sane.\nVideamus igitur sententias eorum, tum ad verba redeamus.\nBork\nEx quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene.\nBeatum, inquit.\nNisi enim id faceret, cur Plato Aegyptum peragravit, ut a sacerdotibus barbaris numeros et caelestia acciperet?\n
|
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||||
Todo
|
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2023-08-26T14:00:00.000Z
|
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Name3
|
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# Quis est enim, in quo sit cupiditas, quin recte cupidus dici possit?\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. _Sed ad rem redeamus;_ [Idemne, quod iucunde?](http://loripsum.net/) `Scisse enim te quis coarguere possit?` Si enim ita est, vide ne facinus facias, cum mori suadeas. Sed finge non solum callidum eum, qui aliquid improbe faciat, verum etiam praepotentem, ut M. Duo Reges: constructio interrete. [Ut optime, secundum naturam affectum esse possit.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quis negat?](http://loripsum.net/) Octavio fuit, cum illam severitatem in eo filio adhibuit, quem in adoptionem D. Itaque rursus eadem ratione, qua sum paulo ante usus, haerebitis.\n1. Deinde disputat, quod cuiusque generis animantium statui deceat extremum.\n2. Quasi vero, inquit, perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit.\n3. Aliena dixit in physicis nec ea ipsa, quae tibi probarentur;\n- Ut proverbia non nulla veriora sint quam vestra dogmata.\n- Cum autem negant ea quicquam ad beatam vitam pertinere, rursus naturam relinquunt.\n- In motu et in statu corporis nihil inest, quod animadvertendum esse ipsa natura iudicet?\n- Qui ita affectus, beatum esse numquam probabis;\nQuae cum dixissem, Habeo, inquit Torquatus, ad quos ista referam, et, quamquam aliquid ipse poteram, tamen invenire malo paratiores. Quos nisi redarguimus, omnis virtus, omne decus, omnis vera laus deserenda est. Obscura, inquit, quaedam esse confiteor, nec tamen ab illis ita dicuntur de industria, sed inest in rebus ipsis obscuritas. Causa autem fuit huc veniendi ut quosdam hinc libros promerem. `Nosti, credo, illud: Nemo pius est, qui pietatem-;` Ratio ista, quam defendis, praecepta, quae didicisti, quae probas, funditus evertunt amicitiam, quamvis eam Epicurus, ut facit, in caelum efferat laudibus.\n## Nam Pyrrho, Aristo, Erillus iam diu abiecti.\nCur fortior sit, si illud, quod tute concedis, asperum et vix ferendum putabit? Huic ego, si negaret quicquam interesse ad beate vivendum quali uteretur victu, concederem, laudarem etiam; [Quonam, inquit, modo?](http://loripsum.net/) Non risu potius quam oratione eiciendum? Quae hic rei publicae vulnera inponebat, eadem ille sanabat. [At enim sequor utilitatem.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed quid minus probandum quam esse aliquem beatum nec satis beatum? Tum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\n```\nIsta ipsa, quae tu breviter: regem, dictatorem, divitem\nsolum esse sapientem, a te quidem apte ac rotunde;\n\nIta relinquitur sola haec disciplina digna studiosis\ningenuarum artium, digna eruditis, digna claris viris, digna\nprincipibus, digna regibus.\n```\nQuid vero?\nHosne igitur laudas et hanc eorum, inquam, sententiam sequi nos censes oportere?\nHunc vos beatum;\nTum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\nTenent mordicus.\nEt quod est munus, quod opus sapientiae?\nEfficiens dici potest.\nTu enim ista lenius, hic Stoicorum more nos vexat.\nNegare non possum.\nAn eum discere ea mavis, quae cum plane perdidiceriti nihil sciat?\n> Illud enim rectum est quod katortwma dicebas contingitque sapienti soli, hoc autem inchoati cuiusdam officii est, non perfecti, quod cadere in non nullos insipientes potest. \n\n
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Notes 1
|
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Status
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Name3
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# Quis est enim, in quo sit cupiditas, quin recte cupidus dici possit?\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. _Sed ad rem redeamus;_ [Idemne, quod iucunde?](http://loripsum.net/) `Scisse enim te quis coarguere possit?` Si enim ita est, vide ne facinus facias, cum mori suadeas. Sed finge non solum callidum eum, qui aliquid improbe faciat, verum etiam praepotentem, ut M. Duo Reges: constructio interrete. [Ut optime, secundum naturam affectum esse possit.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quis negat?](http://loripsum.net/) Octavio fuit, cum illam severitatem in eo filio adhibuit, quem in adoptionem D. Itaque rursus eadem ratione, qua sum paulo ante usus, haerebitis.\n1. Deinde disputat, quod cuiusque generis animantium statui deceat extremum.\n2. Quasi vero, inquit, perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit.\n3. Aliena dixit in physicis nec ea ipsa, quae tibi probarentur;\n- Ut proverbia non nulla veriora sint quam vestra dogmata.\n- Cum autem negant ea quicquam ad beatam vitam pertinere, rursus naturam relinquunt.\n- In motu et in statu corporis nihil inest, quod animadvertendum esse ipsa natura iudicet?\n- Qui ita affectus, beatum esse numquam probabis;\nQuae cum dixissem, Habeo, inquit Torquatus, ad quos ista referam, et, quamquam aliquid ipse poteram, tamen invenire malo paratiores. Quos nisi redarguimus, omnis virtus, omne decus, omnis vera laus deserenda est. Obscura, inquit, quaedam esse confiteor, nec tamen ab illis ita dicuntur de industria, sed inest in rebus ipsis obscuritas. Causa autem fuit huc veniendi ut quosdam hinc libros promerem. `Nosti, credo, illud: Nemo pius est, qui pietatem-;` Ratio ista, quam defendis, praecepta, quae didicisti, quae probas, funditus evertunt amicitiam, quamvis eam Epicurus, ut facit, in caelum efferat laudibus.\n## Nam Pyrrho, Aristo, Erillus iam diu abiecti.\nCur fortior sit, si illud, quod tute concedis, asperum et vix ferendum putabit? Huic ego, si negaret quicquam interesse ad beate vivendum quali uteretur victu, concederem, laudarem etiam; [Quonam, inquit, modo?](http://loripsum.net/) Non risu potius quam oratione eiciendum? Quae hic rei publicae vulnera inponebat, eadem ille sanabat. [At enim sequor utilitatem.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed quid minus probandum quam esse aliquem beatum nec satis beatum? Tum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\n```\nIsta ipsa, quae tu breviter: regem, dictatorem, divitem\nsolum esse sapientem, a te quidem apte ac rotunde;\n\nIta relinquitur sola haec disciplina digna studiosis\ningenuarum artium, digna eruditis, digna claris viris, digna\nprincipibus, digna regibus.\n```\nQuid vero?\nHosne igitur laudas et hanc eorum, inquam, sententiam sequi nos censes oportere?\nHunc vos beatum;\nTum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\nTenent mordicus.\nEt quod est munus, quod opus sapientiae?\nEfficiens dici potest.\nTu enim ista lenius, hic Stoicorum more nos vexat.\nNegare non possum.\nAn eum discere ea mavis, quae cum plane perdidiceriti nihil sciat?\n> Illud enim rectum est quod katortwma dicebas contingitque sapienti soli, hoc autem inchoati cuiusdam officii est, non perfecti, quod cadere in non nullos insipientes potest. \n\n
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{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
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True
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||||
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||||
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2023-08-16T14:00:00.000Z
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Name1
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# Nescio quo modo praetervolavit oratio.\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quid ad utilitatem tantae pecuniae? Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris. Ex quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene. _Bork_ [Hoc non est positum in nostra actione.](http://loripsum.net/) [Duo Reges: constructio interrete.](http://loripsum.net/) An est aliquid per se ipsum flagitiosum, etiamsi nulla comitetur infamia? Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?\nAn eiusdem modi? At vero illa, quae Peripatetici, quae Stoici dicunt, semper tibi in ore sunt in iudiciis, in senatu. [Ad eos igitur converte te, quaeso.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem;](http://loripsum.net/) _Id est enim, de quo quaerimus._ **Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias;** Docent enim nos, ut scis, dialectici, si ea, quae rem aliquam sequantur, falsa sint, falsam illam ipsam esse, quam sequantur. Tum Lucius: Mihi vero ista valde probata sunt, quod item fratri puto. Aut unde est hoc contritum vetustate proverbium: quicum in tenebris?\n- Nec enim, omnes avaritias si aeque avaritias esse dixerimus, sequetur ut etiam aequas esse dicamus.\n- Heri, inquam, ludis commissis ex urbe profectus veni ad vesperum.\n- Quod eo liquidius faciet, si perspexerit rerum inter eas verborumne sit controversia.\n- Videmus igitur ut conquiescere ne infantes quidem possint.\n## Suam denique cuique naturam esse ad vivendum ducem.\nAlterum autem genus est magnarum verarumque virtutum, quas appellamus voluntarias, ut prudentiam, temperantiam, fortitudinem, iustitiam et reliquas eiusdem generis. Portenta haec esse dicit, neque ea ratione ullo modo posse vivi; _Quid sequatur, quid repugnet, vident._ Quid turpius quam sapientis vitam ex insipientium sermone pendere? Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum. Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q.\n1. Sed non alienum est, quo facilius vis verbi intellegatur, rationem huius verbi faciendi Zenonis exponere.\n2. Quae sunt igitur communia vobis cum antiquis, iis sic utamur quasi concessis;\n3. Et summatim quidem haec erant de corpore animoque dicenda, quibus quasi informatum est quid hominis natura postulet.\n4. Quae adhuc, Cato, a te dicta sunt, eadem, inquam, dicere posses, si sequerere Pyrrhonem aut Aristonem.\n```\nAn vero displicuit ea, quae tributa est animi virtutibus\ntanta praestantia?\n\nProclivi currit oratio.\n```\n> Bork\nNihil sane.\nVideamus igitur sententias eorum, tum ad verba redeamus.\nBork\nEx quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene.\nBeatum, inquit.\nNisi enim id faceret, cur Plato Aegyptum peragravit, ut a sacerdotibus barbaris numeros et caelestia acciperet?\n
|
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||||
Todo
|
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||||
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||||
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||||
2.0
|
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||||
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||||
{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
True
|
||||
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||||
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||||
2023-08-06T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
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||||
Name2
|
||||
</td>
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|
||||
# Nec lapathi suavitatem acupenseri Galloni Laelius anteponebat, sed suavitatem ipsam neglegebat;\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. [At multis se probavit.](http://loripsum.net/) Atque etiam ad iustitiam colendam, ad tuendas amicitias et reliquas caritates quid natura valeat haec una cognitio potest tradere. Alia quaedam dicent, credo, magna antiquorum esse peccata, quae ille veri investigandi cupidus nullo modo ferre potuerit. Facit igitur Lucius noster prudenter, qui audire de summo bono potissimum velit; _Duo Reges: constructio interrete._ Hoc unum Aristo tenuit: praeter vitia atque virtutes negavit rem esse ullam aut fugiendam aut expetendam. Quid affers, cur Thorius, cur Caius Postumius, cur omnium horum magister, Orata, non iucundissime vixerit? Itaque multi, cum in potestate essent hostium aut tyrannorum, multi in custodia, multi in exillo dolorem suum doctrinae studiis levaverunt. Hic, qui utrumque probat, ambobus debuit uti, sicut facit re, neque tamen dividit verbis. [Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?](http://loripsum.net/)\n- Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest?\n- Ex eorum enim scriptis et institutis cum omnis doctrina liberalis, omnis historia.\n- Sed tempus est, si videtur, et recta quidem ad me.\n- Quae iam oratio non a philosopho aliquo, sed a censore opprimenda est.\n## Sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim.\nEstne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Utrum igitur percurri omnem Epicuri disciplinam placet an de una voluptate quaeri, de qua omne certamen est? Quae enim dici Latine posse non arbitrabar, ea dicta sunt a te verbis aptis nec minus plane quam dicuntur a Graecis. Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones. Quis enim redargueret? [Scrupulum, inquam, abeunti;](http://loripsum.net/) _Quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?_\nIlle incendat?\nQuantum Aristoxeni ingenium consumptum videmus in musicis?\nBork\nVirtutis, magnitudinis animi, patientiae, fortitudinis fomentis dolor mitigari solet.\nSi longus, levis.\nIta redarguitur ipse a sese, convincunturque scripta eius probitate ipsius ac moribus.\nQuo modo?\nQuamquam non negatis nos intellegere quid sit voluptas, sed quid ille dicat.\n### Bork\n`Sed quae tandem ista ratio est?` Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q. Quid in isto egregio tuo officio et tanta fide-sic enim existimo-ad corpus refers? [Haec et tu ita posuisti, et verba vestra sunt.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed potestne rerum maior esse dissensio? `Que Manilium, ab iisque M.` `Quid Zeno?` **Omnia peccata paria dicitis.**\n> Et tamen quid attinet luxuriosis ullam exceptionem dari aut fingere aliquos, qui, cum luxuriose viverent, a summo philosopho non reprehenderentur eo nomine dumtaxat, cetera caverent?\n```\nCerte, nisi voluptatem tanti aestimaretis.\n\nSed quid ages tandem, si utilitas ab amicitia, ut fit saepe,\ndefecerit?\n```\n1. Luxuriam non reprehendit, modo sit vacua infinita cupiditate et timore.\n2. Quodsi vultum tibi, si incessum fingeres, quo gravior viderere, non esses tui similis;\n3. Si enim ad populum me vocas, eum.\n4. Ergo illi intellegunt quid Epicurus dicat, ego non intellego?\n5. Qui non moveatur et offensione turpitudinis et comprobatione honestatis?\n6. Cur deinde Metrodori liberos commendas?\n\n
|
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In progress
|
||||
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||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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Name
|
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|
||||
Notes 1
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
Status
|
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||||
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|
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{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
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|
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|
||||
True
|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2023-08-06T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name2
|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
# Nec lapathi suavitatem acupenseri Galloni Laelius anteponebat, sed suavitatem ipsam neglegebat;\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. [At multis se probavit.](http://loripsum.net/) Atque etiam ad iustitiam colendam, ad tuendas amicitias et reliquas caritates quid natura valeat haec una cognitio potest tradere. Alia quaedam dicent, credo, magna antiquorum esse peccata, quae ille veri investigandi cupidus nullo modo ferre potuerit. Facit igitur Lucius noster prudenter, qui audire de summo bono potissimum velit; _Duo Reges: constructio interrete._ Hoc unum Aristo tenuit: praeter vitia atque virtutes negavit rem esse ullam aut fugiendam aut expetendam. Quid affers, cur Thorius, cur Caius Postumius, cur omnium horum magister, Orata, non iucundissime vixerit? Itaque multi, cum in potestate essent hostium aut tyrannorum, multi in custodia, multi in exillo dolorem suum doctrinae studiis levaverunt. Hic, qui utrumque probat, ambobus debuit uti, sicut facit re, neque tamen dividit verbis. [Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?](http://loripsum.net/)\n- Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest?\n- Ex eorum enim scriptis et institutis cum omnis doctrina liberalis, omnis historia.\n- Sed tempus est, si videtur, et recta quidem ad me.\n- Quae iam oratio non a philosopho aliquo, sed a censore opprimenda est.\n## Sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim.\nEstne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Utrum igitur percurri omnem Epicuri disciplinam placet an de una voluptate quaeri, de qua omne certamen est? Quae enim dici Latine posse non arbitrabar, ea dicta sunt a te verbis aptis nec minus plane quam dicuntur a Graecis. Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones. Quis enim redargueret? [Scrupulum, inquam, abeunti;](http://loripsum.net/) _Quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?_\nIlle incendat?\nQuantum Aristoxeni ingenium consumptum videmus in musicis?\nBork\nVirtutis, magnitudinis animi, patientiae, fortitudinis fomentis dolor mitigari solet.\nSi longus, levis.\nIta redarguitur ipse a sese, convincunturque scripta eius probitate ipsius ac moribus.\nQuo modo?\nQuamquam non negatis nos intellegere quid sit voluptas, sed quid ille dicat.\n### Bork\n`Sed quae tandem ista ratio est?` Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q. Quid in isto egregio tuo officio et tanta fide-sic enim existimo-ad corpus refers? [Haec et tu ita posuisti, et verba vestra sunt.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed potestne rerum maior esse dissensio? `Que Manilium, ab iisque M.` `Quid Zeno?` **Omnia peccata paria dicitis.**\n> Et tamen quid attinet luxuriosis ullam exceptionem dari aut fingere aliquos, qui, cum luxuriose viverent, a summo philosopho non reprehenderentur eo nomine dumtaxat, cetera caverent?\n```\nCerte, nisi voluptatem tanti aestimaretis.\n\nSed quid ages tandem, si utilitas ab amicitia, ut fit saepe,\ndefecerit?\n```\n1. Luxuriam non reprehendit, modo sit vacua infinita cupiditate et timore.\n2. Quodsi vultum tibi, si incessum fingeres, quo gravior viderere, non esses tui similis;\n3. Si enim ad populum me vocas, eum.\n4. Ergo illi intellegunt quid Epicurus dicat, ego non intellego?\n5. Qui non moveatur et offensione turpitudinis et comprobatione honestatis?\n6. Cur deinde Metrodori liberos commendas?\n\n
|
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||||
In progress
|
||||
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||||
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1.0
|
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||||
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||||
2023-08-26T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name3
|
||||
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||||
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||||
# Quis est enim, in quo sit cupiditas, quin recte cupidus dici possit?\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. _Sed ad rem redeamus;_ [Idemne, quod iucunde?](http://loripsum.net/) `Scisse enim te quis coarguere possit?` Si enim ita est, vide ne facinus facias, cum mori suadeas. Sed finge non solum callidum eum, qui aliquid improbe faciat, verum etiam praepotentem, ut M. Duo Reges: constructio interrete. [Ut optime, secundum naturam affectum esse possit.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quis negat?](http://loripsum.net/) Octavio fuit, cum illam severitatem in eo filio adhibuit, quem in adoptionem D. Itaque rursus eadem ratione, qua sum paulo ante usus, haerebitis.\n1. Deinde disputat, quod cuiusque generis animantium statui deceat extremum.\n2. Quasi vero, inquit, perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit.\n3. Aliena dixit in physicis nec ea ipsa, quae tibi probarentur;\n- Ut proverbia non nulla veriora sint quam vestra dogmata.\n- Cum autem negant ea quicquam ad beatam vitam pertinere, rursus naturam relinquunt.\n- In motu et in statu corporis nihil inest, quod animadvertendum esse ipsa natura iudicet?\n- Qui ita affectus, beatum esse numquam probabis;\nQuae cum dixissem, Habeo, inquit Torquatus, ad quos ista referam, et, quamquam aliquid ipse poteram, tamen invenire malo paratiores. Quos nisi redarguimus, omnis virtus, omne decus, omnis vera laus deserenda est. Obscura, inquit, quaedam esse confiteor, nec tamen ab illis ita dicuntur de industria, sed inest in rebus ipsis obscuritas. Causa autem fuit huc veniendi ut quosdam hinc libros promerem. `Nosti, credo, illud: Nemo pius est, qui pietatem-;` Ratio ista, quam defendis, praecepta, quae didicisti, quae probas, funditus evertunt amicitiam, quamvis eam Epicurus, ut facit, in caelum efferat laudibus.\n## Nam Pyrrho, Aristo, Erillus iam diu abiecti.\nCur fortior sit, si illud, quod tute concedis, asperum et vix ferendum putabit? Huic ego, si negaret quicquam interesse ad beate vivendum quali uteretur victu, concederem, laudarem etiam; [Quonam, inquit, modo?](http://loripsum.net/) Non risu potius quam oratione eiciendum? Quae hic rei publicae vulnera inponebat, eadem ille sanabat. [At enim sequor utilitatem.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed quid minus probandum quam esse aliquem beatum nec satis beatum? Tum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\n```\nIsta ipsa, quae tu breviter: regem, dictatorem, divitem\nsolum esse sapientem, a te quidem apte ac rotunde;\n\nIta relinquitur sola haec disciplina digna studiosis\ningenuarum artium, digna eruditis, digna claris viris, digna\nprincipibus, digna regibus.\n```\nQuid vero?\nHosne igitur laudas et hanc eorum, inquam, sententiam sequi nos censes oportere?\nHunc vos beatum;\nTum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\nTenent mordicus.\nEt quod est munus, quod opus sapientiae?\nEfficiens dici potest.\nTu enim ista lenius, hic Stoicorum more nos vexat.\nNegare non possum.\nAn eum discere ea mavis, quae cum plane perdidiceriti nihil sciat?\n> Illud enim rectum est quod katortwma dicebas contingitque sapienti soli, hoc autem inchoati cuiusdam officii est, non perfecti, quod cadere in non nullos insipientes potest. \n\n
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
2.0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
True
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2023-08-16T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
# Nescio quo modo praetervolavit oratio.\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quid ad utilitatem tantae pecuniae? Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris. Ex quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene. _Bork_ [Hoc non est positum in nostra actione.](http://loripsum.net/) [Duo Reges: constructio interrete.](http://loripsum.net/) An est aliquid per se ipsum flagitiosum, etiamsi nulla comitetur infamia? Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?\nAn eiusdem modi? At vero illa, quae Peripatetici, quae Stoici dicunt, semper tibi in ore sunt in iudiciis, in senatu. [Ad eos igitur converte te, quaeso.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem;](http://loripsum.net/) _Id est enim, de quo quaerimus._ **Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias;** Docent enim nos, ut scis, dialectici, si ea, quae rem aliquam sequantur, falsa sint, falsam illam ipsam esse, quam sequantur. Tum Lucius: Mihi vero ista valde probata sunt, quod item fratri puto. Aut unde est hoc contritum vetustate proverbium: quicum in tenebris?\n- Nec enim, omnes avaritias si aeque avaritias esse dixerimus, sequetur ut etiam aequas esse dicamus.\n- Heri, inquam, ludis commissis ex urbe profectus veni ad vesperum.\n- Quod eo liquidius faciet, si perspexerit rerum inter eas verborumne sit controversia.\n- Videmus igitur ut conquiescere ne infantes quidem possint.\n## Suam denique cuique naturam esse ad vivendum ducem.\nAlterum autem genus est magnarum verarumque virtutum, quas appellamus voluntarias, ut prudentiam, temperantiam, fortitudinem, iustitiam et reliquas eiusdem generis. Portenta haec esse dicit, neque ea ratione ullo modo posse vivi; _Quid sequatur, quid repugnet, vident._ Quid turpius quam sapientis vitam ex insipientium sermone pendere? Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum. Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q.\n1. Sed non alienum est, quo facilius vis verbi intellegatur, rationem huius verbi faciendi Zenonis exponere.\n2. Quae sunt igitur communia vobis cum antiquis, iis sic utamur quasi concessis;\n3. Et summatim quidem haec erant de corpore animoque dicenda, quibus quasi informatum est quid hominis natura postulet.\n4. Quae adhuc, Cato, a te dicta sunt, eadem, inquam, dicere posses, si sequerere Pyrrhonem aut Aristonem.\n```\nAn vero displicuit ea, quae tributa est animi virtutibus\ntanta praestantia?\n\nProclivi currit oratio.\n```\n> Bork\nNihil sane.\nVideamus igitur sententias eorum, tum ad verba redeamus.\nBork\nEx quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene.\nBeatum, inquit.\nNisi enim id faceret, cur Plato Aegyptum peragravit, ut a sacerdotibus barbaris numeros et caelestia acciperet?\n
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
Todo
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
Notes 1
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
Status
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
True
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
2023-08-06T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
Name2
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
# Nec lapathi suavitatem acupenseri Galloni Laelius anteponebat, sed suavitatem ipsam neglegebat;\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. [At multis se probavit.](http://loripsum.net/) Atque etiam ad iustitiam colendam, ad tuendas amicitias et reliquas caritates quid natura valeat haec una cognitio potest tradere. Alia quaedam dicent, credo, magna antiquorum esse peccata, quae ille veri investigandi cupidus nullo modo ferre potuerit. Facit igitur Lucius noster prudenter, qui audire de summo bono potissimum velit; _Duo Reges: constructio interrete._ Hoc unum Aristo tenuit: praeter vitia atque virtutes negavit rem esse ullam aut fugiendam aut expetendam. Quid affers, cur Thorius, cur Caius Postumius, cur omnium horum magister, Orata, non iucundissime vixerit? Itaque multi, cum in potestate essent hostium aut tyrannorum, multi in custodia, multi in exillo dolorem suum doctrinae studiis levaverunt. Hic, qui utrumque probat, ambobus debuit uti, sicut facit re, neque tamen dividit verbis. [Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?](http://loripsum.net/)\n- Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest?\n- Ex eorum enim scriptis et institutis cum omnis doctrina liberalis, omnis historia.\n- Sed tempus est, si videtur, et recta quidem ad me.\n- Quae iam oratio non a philosopho aliquo, sed a censore opprimenda est.\n## Sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim.\nEstne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Utrum igitur percurri omnem Epicuri disciplinam placet an de una voluptate quaeri, de qua omne certamen est? Quae enim dici Latine posse non arbitrabar, ea dicta sunt a te verbis aptis nec minus plane quam dicuntur a Graecis. Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones. Quis enim redargueret? [Scrupulum, inquam, abeunti;](http://loripsum.net/) _Quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?_\nIlle incendat?\nQuantum Aristoxeni ingenium consumptum videmus in musicis?\nBork\nVirtutis, magnitudinis animi, patientiae, fortitudinis fomentis dolor mitigari solet.\nSi longus, levis.\nIta redarguitur ipse a sese, convincunturque scripta eius probitate ipsius ac moribus.\nQuo modo?\nQuamquam non negatis nos intellegere quid sit voluptas, sed quid ille dicat.\n### Bork\n`Sed quae tandem ista ratio est?` Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q. Quid in isto egregio tuo officio et tanta fide-sic enim existimo-ad corpus refers? [Haec et tu ita posuisti, et verba vestra sunt.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed potestne rerum maior esse dissensio? `Que Manilium, ab iisque M.` `Quid Zeno?` **Omnia peccata paria dicitis.**\n> Et tamen quid attinet luxuriosis ullam exceptionem dari aut fingere aliquos, qui, cum luxuriose viverent, a summo philosopho non reprehenderentur eo nomine dumtaxat, cetera caverent?\n```\nCerte, nisi voluptatem tanti aestimaretis.\n\nSed quid ages tandem, si utilitas ab amicitia, ut fit saepe,\ndefecerit?\n```\n1. Luxuriam non reprehendit, modo sit vacua infinita cupiditate et timore.\n2. Quodsi vultum tibi, si incessum fingeres, quo gravior viderere, non esses tui similis;\n3. Si enim ad populum me vocas, eum.\n4. Ergo illi intellegunt quid Epicurus dicat, ego non intellego?\n5. Qui non moveatur et offensione turpitudinis et comprobatione honestatis?\n6. Cur deinde Metrodori liberos commendas?\n\n
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
In progress
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1.0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
{'id': 'usrNdSxRQjglQU4eR', 'email': 'devops+airtable@unstructured.io', 'name': 'Devops Unstructured'}
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
True
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2023-08-16T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
# Nescio quo modo praetervolavit oratio.\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quid ad utilitatem tantae pecuniae? Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris. Ex quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene. _Bork_ [Hoc non est positum in nostra actione.](http://loripsum.net/) [Duo Reges: constructio interrete.](http://loripsum.net/) An est aliquid per se ipsum flagitiosum, etiamsi nulla comitetur infamia? Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?\nAn eiusdem modi? At vero illa, quae Peripatetici, quae Stoici dicunt, semper tibi in ore sunt in iudiciis, in senatu. [Ad eos igitur converte te, quaeso.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem;](http://loripsum.net/) _Id est enim, de quo quaerimus._ **Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias;** Docent enim nos, ut scis, dialectici, si ea, quae rem aliquam sequantur, falsa sint, falsam illam ipsam esse, quam sequantur. Tum Lucius: Mihi vero ista valde probata sunt, quod item fratri puto. Aut unde est hoc contritum vetustate proverbium: quicum in tenebris?\n- Nec enim, omnes avaritias si aeque avaritias esse dixerimus, sequetur ut etiam aequas esse dicamus.\n- Heri, inquam, ludis commissis ex urbe profectus veni ad vesperum.\n- Quod eo liquidius faciet, si perspexerit rerum inter eas verborumne sit controversia.\n- Videmus igitur ut conquiescere ne infantes quidem possint.\n## Suam denique cuique naturam esse ad vivendum ducem.\nAlterum autem genus est magnarum verarumque virtutum, quas appellamus voluntarias, ut prudentiam, temperantiam, fortitudinem, iustitiam et reliquas eiusdem generis. Portenta haec esse dicit, neque ea ratione ullo modo posse vivi; _Quid sequatur, quid repugnet, vident._ Quid turpius quam sapientis vitam ex insipientium sermone pendere? Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum. Non igitur de improbo, sed de callido improbo quaerimus, qualis Q.\n1. Sed non alienum est, quo facilius vis verbi intellegatur, rationem huius verbi faciendi Zenonis exponere.\n2. Quae sunt igitur communia vobis cum antiquis, iis sic utamur quasi concessis;\n3. Et summatim quidem haec erant de corpore animoque dicenda, quibus quasi informatum est quid hominis natura postulet.\n4. Quae adhuc, Cato, a te dicta sunt, eadem, inquam, dicere posses, si sequerere Pyrrhonem aut Aristonem.\n```\nAn vero displicuit ea, quae tributa est animi virtutibus\ntanta praestantia?\n\nProclivi currit oratio.\n```\n> Bork\nNihil sane.\nVideamus igitur sententias eorum, tum ad verba redeamus.\nBork\nEx quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene.\nBeatum, inquit.\nNisi enim id faceret, cur Plato Aegyptum peragravit, ut a sacerdotibus barbaris numeros et caelestia acciperet?\n
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Todo
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2.0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2023-08-26T14:00:00.000Z
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Name3
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
# Quis est enim, in quo sit cupiditas, quin recte cupidus dici possit?\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. _Sed ad rem redeamus;_ [Idemne, quod iucunde?](http://loripsum.net/) `Scisse enim te quis coarguere possit?` Si enim ita est, vide ne facinus facias, cum mori suadeas. Sed finge non solum callidum eum, qui aliquid improbe faciat, verum etiam praepotentem, ut M. Duo Reges: constructio interrete. [Ut optime, secundum naturam affectum esse possit.](http://loripsum.net/) [Quis negat?](http://loripsum.net/) Octavio fuit, cum illam severitatem in eo filio adhibuit, quem in adoptionem D. Itaque rursus eadem ratione, qua sum paulo ante usus, haerebitis.\n1. Deinde disputat, quod cuiusque generis animantium statui deceat extremum.\n2. Quasi vero, inquit, perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit.\n3. Aliena dixit in physicis nec ea ipsa, quae tibi probarentur;\n- Ut proverbia non nulla veriora sint quam vestra dogmata.\n- Cum autem negant ea quicquam ad beatam vitam pertinere, rursus naturam relinquunt.\n- In motu et in statu corporis nihil inest, quod animadvertendum esse ipsa natura iudicet?\n- Qui ita affectus, beatum esse numquam probabis;\nQuae cum dixissem, Habeo, inquit Torquatus, ad quos ista referam, et, quamquam aliquid ipse poteram, tamen invenire malo paratiores. Quos nisi redarguimus, omnis virtus, omne decus, omnis vera laus deserenda est. Obscura, inquit, quaedam esse confiteor, nec tamen ab illis ita dicuntur de industria, sed inest in rebus ipsis obscuritas. Causa autem fuit huc veniendi ut quosdam hinc libros promerem. `Nosti, credo, illud: Nemo pius est, qui pietatem-;` Ratio ista, quam defendis, praecepta, quae didicisti, quae probas, funditus evertunt amicitiam, quamvis eam Epicurus, ut facit, in caelum efferat laudibus.\n## Nam Pyrrho, Aristo, Erillus iam diu abiecti.\nCur fortior sit, si illud, quod tute concedis, asperum et vix ferendum putabit? Huic ego, si negaret quicquam interesse ad beate vivendum quali uteretur victu, concederem, laudarem etiam; [Quonam, inquit, modo?](http://loripsum.net/) Non risu potius quam oratione eiciendum? Quae hic rei publicae vulnera inponebat, eadem ille sanabat. [At enim sequor utilitatem.](http://loripsum.net/) Sed quid minus probandum quam esse aliquem beatum nec satis beatum? Tum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\n```\nIsta ipsa, quae tu breviter: regem, dictatorem, divitem\nsolum esse sapientem, a te quidem apte ac rotunde;\n\nIta relinquitur sola haec disciplina digna studiosis\ningenuarum artium, digna eruditis, digna claris viris, digna\nprincipibus, digna regibus.\n```\nQuid vero?\nHosne igitur laudas et hanc eorum, inquam, sententiam sequi nos censes oportere?\nHunc vos beatum;\nTum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;\nTenent mordicus.\nEt quod est munus, quod opus sapientiae?\nEfficiens dici potest.\nTu enim ista lenius, hic Stoicorum more nos vexat.\nNegare non possum.\nAn eum discere ea mavis, quae cum plane perdidiceriti nihil sciat?\n> Illud enim rectum est quod katortwma dicebas contingitque sapienti soli, hoc autem inchoati cuiusdam officii est, non perfecti, quod cadere in non nullos insipientes potest. \n\n
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
</body>
|
||||
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|
||||
+67
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="29fba2aa35cbdea208791e942ac3c40c" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
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|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
_id
|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
title
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewid
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
creationdate
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
criticname
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
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|
||||
originalscore
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewstate
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewtext
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
25b75f1d-a2ea-4c97-b75f-1da2eadc97f7
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
City Hunter: Shinjuku Private Eyes
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2558908
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2019-02-14
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Matt Schley
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2.5/5
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
rotten
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
The film's out-of-touch attempts at humor may find them hunting for the reason the franchise was so popular in the first place.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<table class="Table" id="b3b034c9f8fb0ab442599982063f0590" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
title
|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
creationdate
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
criticname
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
originalscore
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewstate
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewtext
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
60297eea-73d7-4fca-a97e-ea73d7cfca62
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
City Hunter: Shinjuku Private Eyes
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2590987
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2019-05-28
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Reuben Baron
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
fresh
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
The choreography is so precise and lifelike at points one might wonder whether the movie was rotoscoped, but no live-action reference footage was used. The quality is due to the skill of the animators and Kodama's love for professional wrestling.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
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||||
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<table class="Table" id="5447d9b5c663c4bd69cd0b05dc6963f8" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
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|
||||
641d99e3-9941-4c18-9d99-e399414c183d
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Beavers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1145982
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2003-05-23
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Ivan M. Lincoln
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
3.5/4
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
fresh
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Timed to be just long enough for most youngsters' brief attention spans -- and it's packed with plenty of interesting activity, both on land and under the water.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<table class="Table" id="58d819acf213d1eb12b54f806e907722" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
</td>
|
||||
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|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
762c0093-2277-4f3e-ac00-932277af3e0e
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blood Mask
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1636744
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2007-06-02
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
The Foywonder
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1/5
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
rotten
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
It doesn't matter if a movie costs 300 million or only 300 dollars; good is good and bad is bad, and Bloodmask: The Possession of Nicole Lameroux is just plain bad.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+66
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="7fc0ff06c2ca00682b8070d6f8668bc6" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
_id
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
title
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewid
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
creationdate
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
criticname
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
originalscore
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewstate
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
reviewtext
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
ae40df94-0b3a-4f89-80df-940b3a6f8966
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Dangerous Men
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2504681
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2018-08-29
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Pat Padua
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
fresh
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Its clumsy determination is endearing and sometimes wildly entertaining
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+89
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="1e41f20785644cdea2f017cfb67bb359">
|
||||
Core Skills for Biomedical Data Scientists
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c915a2a57c901810a698491ca2393669">
|
||||
Maryam Zaringhalam, PhD, AAAS Science & Technology Policy Fellow
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b24c3f8d268b2f834a00966d8faef975">
|
||||
Lisa Federer, MLIS, Data Science Training Coordinator
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fcff333f886b39cee0a7084a9ff9204d">
|
||||
Michael F. Huerta, PhD, Associate Director of NLM for Program Development and NLM Coordinator of Data Science and Open Science Initiatives
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="1b86fad341db35208d75a543bcf819ae">
|
||||
Executive Summary
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fee71d4f7ef7a5f253a44f6df648d12a">
|
||||
This report provides recommendations for a minimal set of core skills for biomedical data scientists based on analysis that draws on opinions of data scientists, curricula for existing biomedical data science programs, and requirements for biomedical data science jobs. Suggested high-level core skills include:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="caa3c2eba90fedb7c8923ae8cd8de961">
|
||||
1. General biomedical subject matter knowledge: biomedical data scientists should have a general working knowledge of the principles of biology, bioinformatics, and basic clinical science;
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="a4622e6575ee04b0c4d74c0c6b3b2452">
|
||||
2. Programming language expertise: biomedical data scientists should be fluent in at least one programming language (typically R and/or Python);
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="206899164b194bb9c379531b35eae01b">
|
||||
3. Predictive analytics, modeling, and machine learning: while a range of statistical methods may be useful, predictive analytics, modeling, and machine learning emerged as especially important skills in biomedical data science;
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="36eb8f3c3778fbb71dc056571e71175d">
|
||||
4. Team science and scientific communication: “soft” skills, like the ability to work well on teams and communicate effectively in both verbal and written venues, may be as important as the more technical skills typically associated with data science.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="afe37b1ec10a6d08294ff0fb6df79996">
|
||||
5. Responsible data stewardship: a successful data scientist must be able to implement best practices for data management and stewardship, as well as conduct research in an ethical manner that maintains data security and privacy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b29f66200f2cc9ff2b49f3d07fd8022b">
|
||||
The report further details specific skills and expertise relevant to biomedical data scientists.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bab05a183c34df666bfc920f04d17637">
|
||||
Motivation
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f250e86931949c66fe99d742fd9be29c">
|
||||
Training a biomedical data science (BDS) workforce is a central theme in NLM’s Strategic Plan for the coming decade. That commitment is echoed in the NIH-wide Big Data to Knowledge (BD2K) initiative, which invested $61 million between FY2014 and FY2017 in training programs for the development and use of biomedical big data science methods and tools. In line with
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="9aa82368657b60536f152fd413aec316">
|
||||
Core Skills for Biomedical Data Scientists
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4f2dbe3656a9ebc60c7e3426ad3cb3e3">
|
||||
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cd359ae8c49885ead47318021438eead">
|
||||
this commitment, a recent report to the NLM Director recommended working across NIH to identify and develop core skills required of a biomedical data scientist to consistency across the cohort of NIH-trained data scientists. This report provides a set of recommended core skills based on analysis of current BD2K-funded training programs, biomedical data science job ads, and practicing members of the current data science workforce.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bf8321a34edb7103ec4209f3e4a8a8da">
|
||||
Methodology
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1e1d3d1a5c1397fc588393568d829bc8">
|
||||
The Workforce Excellence team took a three-pronged approach to identifying core skills required of a biomedical data scientist (BDS), drawing from:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="45d7ff56632d66a2ab2d4dd2716d4d2e">
|
||||
a) Responses to a 2017 Kaggle1 survey2 of over 16,000 self-identified data scientists working across many industries. Analysis of the Kaggle survey responses from the current data science workforce provided insights into the current generation of data scientists, including how they were trained and what programming and analysis skills they use.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="bf452aac5123fcedda30dd6ed179f41c">
|
||||
b) Data science skills taught in BD2K-funded training programs. A qualitative content analysis was applied to the descriptions of required courses offered under the 12 BD2K-funded training programs. Each course was coded using qualitative data analysis software, with each skill that was present in the description counted once. The coding schema of data science-related skills was inductively developed and was organized into four major categories: (1) statistics and math skills; (2) computer science; (3) subject knowledge; (4) general skills, like communication and teamwork. The coding schema is detailed in Appendix A.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ca176cbef532792b1f11830ff7520587">
|
||||
c) Desired skills identified from data science-related job ads. 59 job ads from government (8.5%), academia (42.4%), industry (33.9%), and the nonprofit sector (15.3%) were sampled from websites like Glassdoor, Linkedin, and Ziprecruiter. The content analysis methodology and coding schema utilized in analyzing the training programs were applied to the job descriptions. Because many job ads mentioned the same skill more than once, each occurrence of the skill was coded, therefore weighting important skills that were mentioned multiple times in a single ad.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="11b170fedd889c3b895bbd28acd811ca">
|
||||
Analysis of the above data provided insights into the current state of biomedical data science training, as well as a view into data science-related skills likely to be needed to prepare the BDS workforce to succeed in the future. Together, these analyses informed recommendations for core skills necessary for a competitive biomedical data scientist.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2665aadf75bca259f1f5b4c91a53a301">
|
||||
1 Kaggle is an online community for data scientists, serving as a platform for collaboration, competition, and learning: http://kaggle.com
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8bbfe1c3e6bca9a33226d20d69b2297a">
|
||||
2 In August 2017, Kaggle conducted an industry-wide survey to gain a clearer picture of the state of data science and machine learning. A standard set of questions were asked of all respondents, with more specific questions related to work for employed data scientists and questions related to learning for data scientists in training. Methodology and results: https://www.kaggle.com/kaggle/kaggle-survey-2017
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="dd4a661e1a3c898a5cf6328ba56b924d">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+251
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a278e93c883ff4444a18689f657a2a38">
|
||||
Ay Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service Instructions for Form 3115 (Rev. November 1987) Application for Change in Accounting Method
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5801c515b515aadfb7717e4c36a4cea4">
|
||||
(Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6e45aed950f54e73651c4541d70b8691">
|
||||
Paperwork Reduction Act Notice
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f4bcdec78efff009902073a92063e592">
|
||||
We ask for this information to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. We need it to ensure that taxpayers are complying with these laws and to allow us to figure and collect the right amount of tax. You are required to give us this information.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="74d413aabe9679cf430201a53e8034a0">
|
||||
General Instructions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="85af235e687b4a6537e5542a42456d25">
|
||||
Purpose of Form
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="21dd0367f76fe2f5f1c553ea7b901857">
|
||||
File this form to request a change in your accounting method, including the accounting treatment of any item. If you are requesting a change In accounting period, use Form 1128, Application for Change in Accounting Period. For more information, see Publication 538, Accounting Periods and Methods.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0cf9161971e9ea8feec111ff7d24f403">
|
||||
When filing Form 3115, taxpayers are reminded to determine if IRS has published a ruling or procedure dealing with the specific type of change since November 1987 (the current revision date of Form 3115),
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0fb8eb24db1b27f6f8b69213e3dd9b41">
|
||||
Long-term contracts. —If you are required to change your method of accounting for long-term contracts under section 460, see Notice 87-61 (9/21/87), 1987-38 IRB 40, for the notification procedures that must be followed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fd78f4e1d471af7ddb468878e4401dab">
|
||||
Other methods.—Unless the Service has published a regulation or procedure to the contrary, all other changes tn accounting methods required by the Act are automatically considered to be approved by the Commissioner. Examples of method changes automatically approved by the Commissioner are those changes required to effect: (1) the repeal of the reserve method for bad debts of taxpayers other than financial institutions (Act section 805); (2) the repeal of the installment method for sales under a revolving credit plan (Act section 812); (3) the inclusion of income attributable to the sale or furnishing of utility services no later than the year in which the services were provided to customers (Act section 821); and (4) the repeal of the deduction for qualified discount coupons (Act section 823). Do not file Form 3115 for these changes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2826b3c8ca76c4125969a1f820d84dbd">
|
||||
Generally, applicants must complete Section A. In addition, complete the appropriate sections (B-1 through H) for which a change |s desired.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b8f9f1fdeffadd34472959092459fba9">
|
||||
You must give all relevant facts, including a detailed description of your present and proposed methods. You must also state the reason(s) you believe approval to make the requested change should be granted. Attach additional pages if more space is needed for explanations. Each page should show your name, address, and identifying number.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b7ac9f40a0b010ca0f9a6dedba12a95c">
|
||||
State whether you desire a conference In the National Office if the Service proposes to disapprove your application.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="45da2e5561453f7cdfcf31c1ace13cf0">
|
||||
Changes to Accounting Methods Required Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="158783669b4b944ae0057b632797dcfe">
|
||||
Uniform capitalization rules and Jimitation on cash method.—f you are required to change your method of accounting under section,263A (relating to the capitalization and inclusion in inventory costs of certain expenses) or 448 (limiting the use of the cash method of accounting by certain taxpayers) as added by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (“Act”), the change !s treated as Initiated by the taxpayer, approved by the Commissioner, and the period for taking the adjustments under section 481(a) into account will not exceed 4 years. (Hospitals required to change from the cash method under section 448 have 10 years to take the adjustrnents into account.) Complete Section A and the appropriate sections (B-1 or C and D) for which the change is required.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="486102e7c1f95b669f23516c52b4b22a">
|
||||
Disregard the instructions under Time and Place for Filing and Late Applications. Instead, attach Form 3115 to your income tax return for the year of change; do not file it separately. Also include on a separate statement accompanying the Form 3115 the period over which the section 481(a) adjustment will be taken into account and the basis for that conclusion. Identify the automatic change being made at the top of page 1 of Form 3115 (e.g., “Automatic Change to Accrual Method—Section 448”). See Temporary Regulations sections 1.263A-1T and 1.448-1T for additional information.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="daacd181c8b4c9cdeaa9762e5efd3586">
|
||||
Time and Place for Filing
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9dc0da98f357e35bd76326df5b1ed98c">
|
||||
Generally, applicants must file this form within the first 180 days of the tax year in which it is desired to make the change.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="efc9301529407a862b27e8523a6ad185">
|
||||
Taxpayers, other than exempt organizations, should file Form 3115 with the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Attention: CC:C:4, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20224, Exempt organizations should file with the Assistant Commissioner (Employee Plans and Exempt Organizations), 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20224.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="895c4176b4389951a77d58163bed3a46">
|
||||
You should normally receive an acknowledgment of receipt of your application within 30 days. If you do not hear from IRS within 30 days of submitting your completed Form 3115, you may inquire as to the receipt of your application by writing to: Control Clerk, CC:C:4, Internal Revenue Service, Room 5040, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20224.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="bc4e2ef86aaa9fa10cc48d7dd6e1b14a">
|
||||
See section 5.03 of Rev. Proc. 84-74 for filing an early application.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="97d646ab1d25161f2eaa2b9f29a9f101">
|
||||
Note: /f this form is being filed in accordance with Rev. Proc. 74-11, see Section G below.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="9bac1c8a91f637da3c6114d95239ceee">
|
||||
Late Applications
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e8d2cca50911bbaa3b2de2e76cb2eb8c">
|
||||
If your application is filed after the 180-day period, it is late. The application will be considered for processing only upon a showing of “good cause” and if it can be shown to the satisfaction of the Commissioner that granting you an extension will not jeopardize the Government's interests. For further information, see Rev. Proc. 79-63.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="569b780f1a01b3fe19031adfd2ff6567">
|
||||
Identifying Number
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8702d8676330458b169220b33924e3e2">
|
||||
Individuals. —An individual should enter his or her social security number in this block. If the application is made on behalf of a husband and wife who file their income tax return jointly, enter the social security numbers of both.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5ab614de4ef721a684e4e8e0c8fb5788">
|
||||
Others.-—The employer identification number of an applicant other than an individual should be entered tn this block.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="4751d71840e9b5cab30cc47704dae731">
|
||||
Signature
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3c683355b205b83c4c0d3437e6cfa7e1">
|
||||
Individuals. —An individual desiring the change should sign the application. If the application pertains to a husband and wife filing a joint income tax return, the names of both should appear in the heading and both should sign.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1a487e582980fedf46613e0848befc44">
|
||||
Partnerships.—The form shouid be signed with the partnership name followed by the signature of one of the general partners and the words “General Partner.”
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="28ac207401b182955c7f456e4ed569e7">
|
||||
Corporations, cooperatives, and insurance companies.—The form should show the name of the corporation, cooperative, or insurance company and the signature of the president, vice president, treasurer, assistant treasurer, or chief accounting officer (such as tax officer) authorized to sign, and his or her official title. Receivers, trustees, or assignees must sign any application they are required to file. For a subsidiary corporation filing a consolidated return with its parent, the form should be signed by an officer of the parent corporation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0bb2ae65d2e8e2d6deafb8a0b8ca959e">
|
||||
Fiduciaries.—The-form should show the name of the estate or trust and be signed by the fiduciary, personal representative, executor, executrix, administrator, administratrix, etc., having legal authority to sign, and his or her title.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="76d50bc1b5843d10ec33f0dd669e0158">
|
||||
Preparer other than partner, officer, etc.—The signature of the individual preparing the application should appear in the space provided on page 6.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="faf28c09c241cf560febeb1dba420aad">
|
||||
If the individual or firm is also authorized to represent the applicant before the IRS, receive a copy of the requested ruling, or perform any other act(s), the power of attorney must reflect such authorization(s).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="441fb1ede36ac4766833502b0400a14a">
|
||||
Affiliated Groups
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="afc819c7bbdae95ccdeb342ca4447319">
|
||||
Taxpayers that are members of an affiliated group filing a consolidated return that seeks to change to the same accounting method for more than one member of the group must file a separate Form 3115 for each such member,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5a646ca8e56ece623a47079b32e62fc6">
|
||||
Specific Instructions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e0e692b1f478333e3950f8cb2483a484">
|
||||
Section A
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e6ef62be27627e0886c49f013b3eb389">
|
||||
Item 5a, page 1.— “Taxable income or (loss) from operations” is to be entered before application of any net operating loss deduction under section 172(a).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5a797a3ffef4100ca3d0100c1812979f">
|
||||
Item 6, page 2.—The term “gross receipts” includes total sales (net of returns and allowances) and all amounts received for services. In addition, gross receipts include any income from investments and from incidental or outside sources (e.g., interest, dividends, rents, royalties, and annuities). However, if you area resaler of personal property, exclude from gross receipts any amounts not derived in the ordinary course of a trade or business. Gross receipts do not include amounts received for sales taxes if, under the applicable state or local law, the tax is legally imposed on the purchaser of the good or service, and the taxpayer merely collects and remits the tax to the taxing authority.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="31b52f9f7ca8d75190858bf0d55805db">
|
||||
Item 7b, page 2.—If item 7b 1s “Yes,” indicate on a separate sheet the following for each separate trade or business: Nature of business
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a34b5c633b40ae532a293aa5ece41ff6">
|
||||
(manufacturing, retailer, wholesaler, etc.), employer identification number, overall method of accounting, and whether, in the last 6 years, that business has changed its accounting method, or is also changing its accounting method as part of this request or as a separate request.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="28d8006c1f48ce2aec42391c8318fc8a">
|
||||
Item 11, page 2.—If you cannot provide the requested information, you may sign a statement under penalties of perjury that:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="77ff8c77051f28203e606e662575a3dc">
|
||||
(1) Gives your best estimate of the percentage of the section 481(a) adjustment that would have been required if the requested change had been made for each of the 3 preceding years; and
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1dbbb077a11837f518df88bb5103f8c6">
|
||||
(2) Explains in detail why you cannot provide the requested information.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="69c4ed1728897f266bed4a53365bcafa">
|
||||
See section 5,06(2) of Rev. Proc. 84-74 for the required perjury statement that must be attached.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7dfd48d6268b5b5a7ee2815aeee3ed4c">
|
||||
If IRS later examines your return for the year of the change or for later years, it has the right to verify your statement at that time.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fb1b9c839bbca33510a6374d1e860e6e">
|
||||
Item 13, page 2.— Insert the actual number of tax years. Use of the term “since inception” Is not acceptable. However, “more than 6 years” Is acceptable.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3e880cc1372ef2191411caec8044548d">
|
||||
Section B-1
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f239c78f0866a8a41d36370f128676b6">
|
||||
Item 1b, page 2.—Include any amounts reported as income in a prior year although the income had not been accrued (earned) or received In the prior year; for example, discount on installment loans reported as income for the year In which the loans were made instead of for the year or years in which the income was received or earned. Advance payments under Rev. Proc. 71-21 or Regulations section 1.451-5 must be fully explained and all pertinent information must be submitted with this application.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="1f5704b56b007d890b634121c86d81ac">
|
||||
Sections B-2 and B-3
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6720eba15ed08f5d66f8dc84b6a94fa8">
|
||||
Limitation on the Use of the Cash Method of Accounting.—Except as provided below, C corporations, partnerships with a C corporation as a partner, and tax shelters may not use the cash method of accounting. For purposes of this limitation, a trust subject to the tax on unrelated business Income under section 511 1s treated as aC corporation with respect to its unrelated trade or business activities.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="454de5bfbdcba4385a21dd6261c57d53">
|
||||
The limitation on the use of the cash method (except for tax shelters) does not apply to—
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="22e4f1d701efc16645e77991781051f5">
|
||||
(1) Farming businesses. —For this purpose, the term “farming business” is defined in section 263A(e)(4), but it also includes the raising, harvesting, or growing of trees to which section 263A(c)(5) applies. Notwithstanding this exception, section 447 requires certain C corporations and partnerships with a C corporation as a partner to use the accrual method.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7d5701b44f1ad554006cf31e8efeb719">
|
||||
(2) Qualified personal service corporations. — A “qualified personal service corporation” 1s any corporation: (a) substantially all of the activities of which involve the performance of services In the fields of health, law, engineering, architecture, accounting, actuarial science, performing arts, or consulting, and (b)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="80474543fe96478feeda72a22f019cd1">
|
||||
Page 2
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e4776aaec9edf7383c95941623c47ff6">
|
||||
substantially all of the stock of which is owned by employees performing the services, retired employees who had performed the services, any estate of any individual who had performed the services listed above, or any person who acquired stock of the corporation as a result of the death of an employee or retiree described above if the acquisition occurred within 2 years of death.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6ee9a057174e1c9cf99d653ad1c09371">
|
||||
(3) Entities with gross receipts of $5,000,000 or less. —To qualify for this exception, the C corporation’s or partnership’s annual average gross receipts for the three years ending with the prior tax year may not exceed $5,000,000. If the corporation or partnership was not in existence for the entire 3-year period, the period of existence Is used to determine whether the corporation or partnership qualifies. If any tax year in the 3-year period is a short tax year, the corporation or partnership must annualize the gross receipts by multiplying the gross receipts by 12 and dividing the result by the number of months tn the short period.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="427e5fe33c8c181ccb93c7de11946c13">
|
||||
For more information, see section 448 and Temporary Regulations section 1.448-1T.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="53f108c0145a6e0ff0c71192756817f3">
|
||||
Section C
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e2f18bc74e6cafcd9692b5daf1849492">
|
||||
Applicants must give complete details about the present method of valuing inventory and the proposed method. State whether all or part of your inventory ts involved tn the change.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="215447c644517536b7bda561f7e92994">
|
||||
Inventories of retail merchants.—The retail method of pricing inventories does not contemplate valuation of goods at the retail selling price. The retail selling price of goods on hand must be reduced to approximate cost or cost or market, whichever is lower, by the adjustments required in Regulations section 1.471-8.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="73d59612ec830432b4de6df54516bd9c">
|
||||
LIFO inventory changes.—Attach a schedule with all the required computations when changing the method of figuring LIFO inventories. If you are changing from LIFO to a non-LIFO method, attach a schedule with the following additional information:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4d46c2d1fc2022eca60307767c40de5e">
|
||||
(1) The specific types and classes of goods in the LIFO inventories involved in the proposed changes and the comparative value of such inventories as of the end of the tax year preceding the year of change determined by: (a) the LIFO method, and (b) the proposed method and basis (such as FIFO cost or lower of cost or market).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="294b1260ca3b5c9f0ba0d989ea96ac31">
|
||||
(2) State whether the proposed identification and valuation methods conform to the inventory method currently used with respect to non-LIFO Inventories, if any, or how such method is otherwise consistent with Regulations section 1.472-6.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="38bdbab3ffbac579f7574b14e684ba33">
|
||||
(3) The termination event statement required by section 5.10 of Rev. Proc. 84-74 and an explanation if there has been a termination event.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="0d3dbb4d9cb5acc90997e0e6537b20d8">
|
||||
Section D
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7ee33bcf10d7639196914b65fd469696">
|
||||
Applicants requesting to change their method of valuing property produced, property acquired for resale, or long-term contracts under section 263A or 460 MUST complete section D showing the treatment under both the present and proposed methods.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ac03b00e18c3ba3be848b73947358f1b">
|
||||
& U.S. Government Printing Office: 1987—201-993/60166
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="049500f268fce8fc31b6ff3fbd31d0ff">
|
||||
Section E
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8f23a32fb527d5d2c99e6ce9d43a0506">
|
||||
Section 460(f) provides that the term “long-term contract” means any contract for the manufacturing, building, installation, or construction of property that is not completed within the tax year in which it is entered into. However, a manufacturing contract will not qualify as a long-term contract unless the contract involves the manufacture of: (1)a unique item not normally included in your finished goods inventory, or (2) any item that normally requires more than 12 calendar months to complete.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="87c912787c7a57a6a9762222b6fad6d0">
|
||||
All long-term contracts entered into after February 28, 1986, except for real property construction contracts expected to be completed within 2 years by contractors whose average annual gross receipts for the 3 prior tax years do not exceed $10,000,000, must be accounted for using either the percentage of completion- capitalized cost method or the percentage of completion method. See section 460.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2930925972d2feeb110c325ffa500b0d">
|
||||
Caution: At the time these instructions were printed, Congress was considering legislation that would repeal the use of the percentage of completion-capitalized cost method for certain long-term contracts.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="4791a3266557b2140bd00383e0175156">
|
||||
Section G
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f4d23d878433825c90ab6e6090d9ece6">
|
||||
This section ts to be used only to request a change in a method of accounting for depreciation under section 167.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2854aca9e6a37d275a60a126e431ef6e">
|
||||
Rev. Proc. 74-11 provides a procedure whereby applicants are considered to have obtained the consent of the Commissioner to change their method of accounting for depreciation. You must file Form 3115 with the Service Center where your return will be filed within the first 180 days of the tax year in which it is desired to make the change. Attach a copy of the form to the income tax return for the tax year of the change.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4fb331478f9a833e74ffd537b02e26d2">
|
||||
Note: Do not use Form 3115 to make an election under section 168. Such an election may be made only on the tax return for the year in which the property is placed tn service. In addition, Form 3115 is not to be used to request approval to revoke an election made under section 168. Such a request must be made in accordance with Rev. Proc. 87-1 (updated annually).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bffd98608b117004651716ad50fd2aa3">
|
||||
Section H
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8b524af5086ce3b0afc2c395be45ba33">
|
||||
Generally, this section should be used for requesting changes !n a method of accounting for which provision has not been made elsewhere on this form. Attach additional pages if more space ts needed for a full explanation of the present method used and the proposed change requested.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ce1245e8b15f12dac06016bec84193aa">
|
||||
If you are making an election under section 458, show the applicable information under Regulations section 1.458-10.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+134
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6b126b0255ab0d12659889c3d523a5e8">
|
||||
¥i9) Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service Instructions for Form 3115 (Rev. November 1987) Application for Change in Accounting Method
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="53c329edad597af665506d646581db18">
|
||||
(Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="dc71cf9b39b3b58cf3960cad7a5f390c">
|
||||
Paperwork Reduction Act Notice
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="90beb9a0f4b6984d9cfdf68096e114e4">
|
||||
We ask for this information to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. We need it to ensure that taxpayers are complying with these laws ang to allow us to figure and collect the right amount of tax. You are required to give us this information.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="95f3b1224a44ca83b5aefea67a9fdde4">
|
||||
General Instructions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e47c784ca5964c9c81047d1706563c13">
|
||||
Purpose of Form
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="16c2e1ce5f6dc7dba82dca9e1a704bed">
|
||||
File this form to request a change in your accounting method, including the accounting treatment of any item. If you are requesting a change in accounting period, use Form 1128, Application for Change in Accounting Period. For more information, see Publication 538, Accounting Periods and Methods.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="48aa664e3703b98c15994c97d260c0e3">
|
||||
When filing Form 3115, taxpayers are reminded to determine if IRS has published a ruling or procedure dealing with the specific type of change since November 1987 (the current revision date of Form 3115).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4af565181db0676202636585f9abb438">
|
||||
Long-term contracts. —If you are required to change your method of accounting for long-term contracts under section 460, see Notice 87-61 (9/21/87), 1987-38 IRB 40, for the notification procedures that must be followed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="746483e119190b6ce718ce4715bee6e6">
|
||||
Other methods.—Unless the Service has published a regulation or procedure to the contrary, all other changes in accounting methods required by the Act are automatically considered to be approved by the Commissioner. Examples of method changes automatically approved by the Commissioner are those changes required to effect: (1) the repeal of the reserve method for bad debts of taxpayers other than financial institutions (Act section 805); (2) the repeal of the installment method for sales under a revolving credit plan (Act section 812); (3) the inclusion of income attributable to the sale or furnishing of utility services no later than the year in which the services were provided to customers (Act section 821); and (4) the repeal of the deduction for qualified discount coupons (Act section 823). Do not file Form 3115 for these changes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fdaf06392be067a41cac854c07a66033">
|
||||
Generally, applicants must complete Section A. In addition, complete the appropriate sections (B-1 through H) for which a change is desired.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6fbfaf2f668ea8e5a161f2f08ec5c002">
|
||||
You must give all relevant facts, including a detailed description of your present and proposed methods. You must also state the reason(s) you believe approval to make the requested change should be granted. Attach additional pages if more space is needed for explanations. Each page should show your name, address, and identifying number.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8135e5970b94dc578aee8841ae069d6c">
|
||||
State whether you desire a conference in the National Office if the Service proposes to disapprove your application.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="4d2011ddb75aecb442fab45c276032ef">
|
||||
Changes to Accounting Methods Required Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1d7c9cb0ba025f28eb4d035bb6447d52">
|
||||
Uniform capitalization rules and limitation on cash method.—f you are required to change your method of accounting under sectior,263A (relating to the capitalization and inclusion in inventory costs of certain expenses) or 448 (limiting the use of the cash method of accounting by certain taxpayers) as added by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (“Act”), the change is treated as initiated by the taxpayer, approved by the Commissioner, and the period for taking the adjustments under section 481(a) into account will not exceed 4 years. (Hospitals required to change from the cash method under section 448 have 10 years to take the adjustments into account.) Complete Section A and the appropriate sections (B-1 or C and D) for which the change is required.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="525b9d3bf3ae575f8e86f62af6068ebd">
|
||||
Disregard the instructions under Time and Place for Filing and Late Applications. Instead, attach Form 3115 to your income tax return for the year of change; do not file it separately. Also include on a separate statement accompanying the Form 3115 the period over which the section 481(a) adjustment will be taken into account and the basis for that conclusion. Identify the automatic change being made at the top of page 1 of Form 3115 (e.g., “Automatic Change to Accrual Method Section 448"). See Temporary Regulations sections 1.263A-1T and 1.448-1T for additional information.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="cea50b5471d79ae4bb35685a83054b03">
|
||||
Time and Place for Filing
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ae8e74a1d77625ba73dd01fe4dc0cdea">
|
||||
Generally, applicants must file this form within the first 180 days of the tax year in which it is desired to make the change.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fd3e2689051b08dfefd978b6fe03a251">
|
||||
Taxpayers, other than exempt organizations, should file Form 3115 with the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Attention: CC:C:4, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, OC 20224. Exempt organizations should file with the Assistant Commissioner (Employee Plans and Exempt Organizations), 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20224.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="09f4d2c426aaa217278d83c17a4bf21e">
|
||||
You should normally receive an acknowledgment of receipt of your application within 30 days. If you do not hear from IRS within 30 days of submitting your completed Form 3115, you may inquire as to the receipt of your application by writing to: Control Clerk, CC:C:4, Internal Revenue Service, Room 5040, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20224.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8a3eada0238723be2775a7d8c8bd7fc3">
|
||||
See section 5.03 of Rev. Proc. 84-74 for filing an early application.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c2cf6ba6e0a949401e943ce3cec05310">
|
||||
Note: /f this form is being filed in accordance with Rev. Proc. 74-11, see Section G below.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ceb4948527ce520e2ac219097e279559">
|
||||
Late Applications
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="adda4424f1f7ffb84390b6b8c60ac3bd">
|
||||
If your application is filed after the 180-day period, it 1s late. The application will be considered for processing only upon a showing of “good cause” and if it can be shown to the satisfaction of the Commissioner that granting you an extension will not jeopardize the Government's interests. For further information, see Rev. Proc. 79-63.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2c598855a28fb70d3812979066df72c1">
|
||||
Identifying Number
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="923c71f94a011e5def8896cc2aa7120e">
|
||||
Individuals. —An individual should enter his or her social security number in this block. If the application is made on behalf of a husband and wife who file their income tax return jointly, enter the social security numbers of both.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="803549fa9207cd4111ed9e5d7389a027">
|
||||
Others.-—The employer identification number of an applicant other than an individual should be entered in this block.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="827994d469f07a1029b4df20ce5250d2">
|
||||
Signature
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f49752a38f790a75872b43214d7b8e0c">
|
||||
Individuals. —An individual desiring the change should sign the application. If the application pertains to a husband and wife filing a joint income tax return, the names of both should appear in the heading and both should sign.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="162bb7ebc5019059dc8341f5c44da7ec">
|
||||
Partnerships.—The form should be signed with the partnership name followed by the signature of one of the general partners and the words “General Partner.”
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ba5311e456328d16efd5d2f5a8500388">
|
||||
Corporations, cooperatives, and insurance companies.—The form should show the name of the corporation, cooperative, or insurance company and the signature of the president, vice president, treasurer, assistant treasurer, or chief accounting officer (such as tax officer) authorized to sign, and his or her official title. Receivers, trustees, or assignees must sign any application they are required to file. For a subsidiary corporation filing a consolidated return with its parent, the form should be signed by an officer of the parent corporation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6fe312aeeb0d718a776c177b27265353">
|
||||
Fiduciaries.—The-form should show the name of the estate or trust and be signed by the fiduciary, personal representative, executor, executrix, administrator, administratrix, etc., having legal authority to sign, and his or her title.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="152f56dcf3866eaa539ba72ac8d75fb9">
|
||||
Preparer other than partner, officer, etc.—The signature of the individual preparing the application should appear in the space provided on page 6.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a307b5b68c3a9bc21964cee73dc63cd8">
|
||||
If the individual or firm is also authorized to represent the applicant before the IRS, receive a copy of the requested ruling, or perform any other act(s), the power of attorney must reflect such authorization(s).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="9d2f8114fae7804e0a77156b96178634">
|
||||
Affiliated Groups
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2828c2fe4b4eaa125fa2c5fe769da965">
|
||||
Taxpayers that are members of an affiliated group filing a consolidated return that seeks to change to the same accounting method for more than one member of the group must file a separate Form 3115 for each such member.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="b79579cd4f3a315ab6216eaa35322bfd">
|
||||
Specific Instructions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e496c40a33c8808e99c1bd61c72a574d">
|
||||
Section A
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ce36a381c0fb31df90d3d701b9b5ee2a">
|
||||
Item 5a, page 1.—“Taxable income or (loss) from operations” is to be entered before application of any net operating loss deduction under section 172(a).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f7876eba5d8a77571828d215aab6bf34">
|
||||
Item 6, page 2.—The term “gross receipts” includes total sales (net of returns and allowances) and all amounts received for services. In addition, gross receipts include any income from investments and from incidental or outside sources (e.g., interest, dividends, rents, royalties, and annuities). However, if you area resaler of personal property, exclude from gross receipts any amounts not derived in the ordinary course of a trade or business. Gross receipts do not include amounts received for sales taxes if, under the applicable state or local law, the tax is legatly imposed on the purchaser of the good or service, and the taxpayer merely collects and remits the tax to the taxing authority.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="baf5040c1ebd03c23f1210ec383970db">
|
||||
Item 7b, page 2.—If item 7b 1s “Yes,” indicate ona separate sheet the following for each separate trade or business: Nature of business
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="65783c5f96432bd7fe68309b620d039c">
|
||||
Network Working Group J. Postel Request for Comments: 854 J. Reynolds ISI Obsoletes: NIC 18639 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="7ec33e6e1fcb9471b9ca790a59c71fcf">
|
||||
TELNET PROTOCOL SPECIFICATION
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fd97ade6fea37e840ab59316a2c91314">
|
||||
This RFC specifies a standard for the ARPA Internet community. Hosts on the ARPA Internet are expected to adopt and implement this standard.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="0661672d3c5ec5c9cf4174c4d1026b09">
|
||||
INTRODUCTION
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="647a62884e70fb48d66814696b0ab897">
|
||||
The purpose of the TELNET Protocol is to provide a fairly general, bi-directional, eight-bit byte oriented communications facility. Its primary goal is to allow a standard method of interfacing terminal devices and terminal-oriented processes to each other. It is envisioned that the protocol may also be used for terminal-terminal communication ("linking") and process-process communication (distributed computation).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5f3d9d91bb3b5b816c8a7ef08ecffe3d">
|
||||
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4d428190fc7fca97cb7467c4b0e45e83">
|
||||
A TELNET connection is a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection used to transmit data with interspersed TELNET control information.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cf93a26711c927e9698cc536bcb1820b">
|
||||
The TELNET Protocol is built upon three main ideas: first, the concept of a "Network Virtual Terminal"; second, the principle of negotiated options; and third, a symmetric view of terminals and processes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="717404910d490d67e42cc895767fedb2">
|
||||
1. When a TELNET connection is first established, each end is assumed to originate and terminate at a "Network Virtual Terminal", or NVT. An NVT is an imaginary device which provides a standard, network-wide, intermediate representation of a canonical terminal. This eliminates the need for "server" and "user" hosts to keep information about the characteristics of each other's terminals and terminal handling conventions. All hosts, both user and server, map their local device characteristics and conventions so as to appear to be dealing with an NVT over the network, and each can assume a similar mapping by the other party. The NVT is intended to strike a balance between being overly restricted (not providing hosts a rich enough vocabulary for mapping into their local character sets), and being overly inclusive (penalizing users with modest terminals).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="84729a689a78d3b376e01afef5eb499b">
|
||||
NOTE: The "user" host is the host to which the physical terminal is normally attached, and the "server" host is the host which is normally providing some service. As an alternate point of view,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="55aaeedec745102933163d43747b7abb">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 1]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="40eceaad7fbe1a5d37786cfef9ff0ff8">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6c9bd938aa5808ff458fc2079089e18a">
|
||||
applicable even in terminal-to-terminal or process-to-process communications, the "user" host is the host which initiated the communication.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="4b094a0eff777fce3c819a7f240760ca">
|
||||
2. The principle of negotiated options takes cognizance of the fact that many hosts will wish to provide additional services over and above those available within an NVT, and many users will have sophisticated terminals and would like to have elegant, rather than minimal, services. Independent of, but structured within the TELNET Protocol are various "options" that will be sanctioned and may be used with the "DO, DON'T, WILL, WON'T" structure (discussed below) to allow a user and server to agree to use a more elaborate (or perhaps just different) set of conventions for their TELNET connection. Such options could include changing the character set, the echo mode, etc.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="884ec5e72af70723eb2efc80f42508ff">
|
||||
The basic strategy for setting up the use of options is to have either party (or both) initiate a request that some option take effect. The other party may then either accept or reject the request. If the request is accepted the option immediately takes effect; if it is rejected the associated aspect of the connection remains as specified for an NVT. Clearly, a party may always refuse a request to enable, and must never refuse a request to disable some option since all parties must be prepared to support the NVT.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="48126945ebf491304faf9cc60d5bc4e4">
|
||||
The syntax of option negotiation has been set up so that if both parties request an option simultaneously, each will see the other's request as the positive acknowledgment of its own.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0181c0b05baca35b14c1eef5c5d8dd86">
|
||||
3. The symmetry of the negotiation syntax can potentially lead to nonterminating acknowledgment loops -- each party seeing the incoming commands not as acknowledgments but as new requests which must be acknowledged. To prevent such loops, the following rules prevail:
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1cea7b129d4039aa1ab6a6bb6f55d35f">
|
||||
a. Parties may only request a change in option status; i.e., a party may not send out a "request" merely to announce what mode it is in.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="322ecfd0741e4e42446517325414e5b6">
|
||||
b. If a party receives what appears to be a request to enter some mode it is already in, the request should not be acknowledged. This non-response is essential to prevent endless loops in the negotiation. It is required that a response be sent to requests for a change of mode -- even if the mode is not changed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="35478d889f81c38e6a8bc021c85de82f">
|
||||
c. Whenever one party sends an option command to a second party, whether as a request or an acknowledgment, and use of the option will have any effect on the processing of the data being sent from the first party to the second, then the command must be inserted in the data stream at the point where it is desired that it take
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="818a85a5728064919b4e6ff925b58c2c">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 2]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="9e2f2d8e30ed3dd95e09a229b56f1c9e">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a5d39cc694b37ea04f2ccdd49d022bec">
|
||||
effect. (It should be noted that some time will elapse between the transmission of a request and the receipt of an acknowledgment, which may be negative. Thus, a host may wish to buffer data, after requesting an option, until it learns whether the request is accepted or rejected, in order to hide the "uncertainty period" from the user.)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c686d55ac5718ed9066f7e5ec6f89f08">
|
||||
Option requests are likely to flurry back and forth when a TELNET connection is first established, as each party attempts to get the best possible service from the other party. Beyond that, however, options can be used to dynamically modify the characteristics of the connection to suit changing local conditions. For example, the NVT, as will be explained later, uses a transmission discipline well suited to the many "line at a time" applications such as BASIC, but poorly suited to the many "character at a time" applications such as NLS. A server might elect to devote the extra processor overhead required for a "character at a time" discipline when it was suitable for the local process and would negotiate an appropriate option. However, rather than then being permanently burdened with the extra processing overhead, it could switch (i.e., negotiate) back to NVT when the detailed control was no longer necessary.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="63af424472a0a15b145b4530f1dbbf5c">
|
||||
It is possible for requests initiated by processes to stimulate a nonterminating request loop if the process responds to a rejection by merely re-requesting the option. To prevent such loops from occurring, rejected requests should not be repeated until something changes. Operationally, this can mean the process is running a different program, or the user has given another command, or whatever makes sense in the context of the given process and the given option. A good rule of thumb is that a re-request should only occur as a result of subsequent information from the other end of the connection or when demanded by local human intervention.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="57cce01afb5218dd609ce3eeab822f3e">
|
||||
Option designers should not feel constrained by the somewhat limited syntax available for option negotiation. The intent of the simple syntax is to make it easy to have options -- since it is correspondingly easy to profess ignorance about them. If some particular option requires a richer negotiation structure than possible within "DO, DON'T, WILL, WON'T", the proper tack is to use "DO, DON'T, WILL, WON'T" to establish that both parties understand the option, and once this is accomplished a more exotic syntax can be used freely. For example, a party might send a request to alter (establish) line length. If it is accepted, then a different syntax can be used for actually negotiating the line length -- such a "sub-negotiation" might include fields for minimum allowable, maximum allowable and desired line lengths. The important concept is that
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="25b564d4c27fe2ed4ef03e0ba0eb9d85">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 3]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="280f60c34402766f62997bb7d74eadf3">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="318131924429cce06494b3ca25351557">
|
||||
such expanded negotiations should never begin until some prior (standard) negotiation has established that both parties are capable of parsing the expanded syntax.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7f896d8c0c90d6042843d80b5a47f7e3">
|
||||
In summary, WILL XXX is sent, by either party, to indicate that party's desire (offer) to begin performing option XXX, DO XXX and DON'T XXX being its positive and negative acknowledgments; similarly, DO XXX is sent to indicate a desire (request) that the other party (i.e., the recipient of the DO) begin performing option XXX, WILL XXX and WON'T XXX being the positive and negative acknowledgments. Since the NVT is what is left when no options are enabled, the DON'T and WON'T responses are guaranteed to leave the connection in a state which both ends can handle. Thus, all hosts may implement their TELNET processes to be totally unaware of options that are not supported, simply returning a rejection to (i.e., refusing) any option request that cannot be understood.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="477da82b29de29c233ff71d9ef190812">
|
||||
As much as possible, the TELNET protocol has been made server-user symmetrical so that it easily and naturally covers the user-user (linking) and server-server (cooperating processes) cases. It is hoped, but not absolutely required, that options will further this intent. In any case, it is explicitly acknowledged that symmetry is an operating principle rather than an ironclad rule.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="32872f7efe12aff30d8a63a79c83d968">
|
||||
A companion document, "TELNET Option Specifications," should be consulted for information about the procedure for establishing new options.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="84ead4d480198af96d5c5b0e0dbf89d4">
|
||||
THE NETWORK VIRTUAL TERMINAL
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="64f30d40e6892c7999c5cdfcfb5e487b">
|
||||
The Network Virtual Terminal (NVT) is a bi-directional character device. The NVT has a printer and a keyboard. The printer responds to incoming data and the keyboard produces outgoing data which is sent over the TELNET connection and, if "echoes" are desired, to the NVT's printer as well. "Echoes" will not be expected to traverse the network (although options exist to enable a "remote" echoing mode of operation, no host is required to implement this option). The code set is seven-bit USASCII in an eight-bit field, except as modified herein. Any code conversion and timing considerations are local problems and do not affect the NVT.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="086f03a735ce878231ad37cbf4b317c4">
|
||||
TRANSMISSION OF DATA
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6b4dd25ec8866269ed9c92ad29eb8b6c">
|
||||
Although a TELNET connection through the network is intrinsically full duplex, the NVT is to be viewed as a half-duplex device operating in a line-buffered mode. That is, unless and until
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8c0adda7630fc7f9ab50c842748b4e17">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 4]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="87658b0f8d69675bdde58c7391a08c48">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8c1353adf09b23347436b4474c769743">
|
||||
options are negotiated to the contrary, the following default conditions pertain to the transmission of data over the TELNET connection:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="e7ddc718279e45fdb301585e3e2740ee">
|
||||
1) Insofar as the availability of local buffer space permits, data should be accumulated in the host where it is generated until a complete line of data is ready for transmission, or until some locally-defined explicit signal to transmit occurs. This signal could be generated either by a process or by a human user.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fa1690a85361eab491bafb085f1fb45d">
|
||||
The motivation for this rule is the high cost, to some hosts, of processing network input interrupts, coupled with the default NVT specification that "echoes" do not traverse the network. Thus, it is reasonable to buffer some amount of data at its source. Many systems take some processing action at the end of each input line (even line printers or card punches frequently tend to work this way), so the transmission should be triggered at the end of a line. On the other hand, a user or process may sometimes find it necessary or desirable to provide data which does not terminate at the end of a line; therefore implementers are cautioned to provide methods of locally signaling that all buffered data should be transmitted immediately.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="e55b99b7b8020a53a25204ee268cac06">
|
||||
2) When a process has completed sending data to an NVT printer and has no queued input from the NVT keyboard for further processing (i.e., when a process at one end of a TELNET connection cannot proceed without input from the other end), the process must transmit the TELNET Go Ahead (GA) command.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c3a0ec4a25961e41bc7e4b49e3e08bcf">
|
||||
This rule is not intended to require that the TELNET GA command be sent from a terminal at the end of each line, since server hosts do not normally require a special signal (in addition to end-of-line or other locally-defined characters) in order to commence processing. Rather, the TELNET GA is designed to help a user's local host operate a physically half duplex terminal which has a "lockable" keyboard such as the IBM 2741. A description of this type of terminal may help to explain the proper use of the GA command.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="eedfd12841153c81bf5eb6d2171c41dd">
|
||||
The terminal-computer connection is always under control of either the user or the computer. Neither can unilaterally seize control from the other; rather the controlling end must relinguish its control explicitly. At the terminal end, the hardware is constructed so as to relinquish control each time that a "line" is terminated (i.e., when the "New Line" key is typed by the user). When this occurs, the attached (local)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="1bfcf8e4a08c25391c6a112c6a096317">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 5]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="15dc73e83113089c2886d0dfce10005c">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f33b9813c23a58a9797363806abb6097">
|
||||
computer processes the input data, decides if output should be generated, and if not returns control to the terminal. If output should be generated, control is retained by the computer until all output has been transmitted.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3cb6c0dd58c764953c36757e231dfe28">
|
||||
The difficulties of using this type of terminal through the network should be obvious. The "local" computer is no longer able to decide whether to retain control after seeing an end-of-line signal or not; this decision can only be made by the "remote" computer which is processing the data. Therefore, the TELNET GA command provides a mechanism whereby the "remote" (server) computer can signal the "local" (user) computer that it is time to pass control to the user of the terminal. It should be transmitted at those times, and only at those times, when the user should be given control of the terminal. Note that premature transmission of the GA command may result in the blocking of output, since the user is likely to assume that the transmitting system has paused, and therefore he will fail to turn the line around manually.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e72bb98b45fcd1f2a7eb9af4df4634ba">
|
||||
The foregoing, of course, does not apply to the user-to-server direction of communication. In this direction, GAs may be sent at any time, but need not ever be sent. Also, if the TELNET connection is being used for process-to-process communication, GAs need not be sent in either direction. Finally, for terminal-to-terminal communication, GAs may be required in neither, one, or both directions. If a host plans to support terminal-to-terminal communication it is suggested that the host provide the user with a means of manually signaling that it is time for a GA to be sent over the TELNET connection; this, however, is not a requirement on the implementer of a TELNET process.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3c0352a01510cecab50b23577ffb8e44">
|
||||
Note that the symmetry of the TELNET model requires that there is an NVT at each end of the TELNET connection, at least conceptually.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="13f02e503d4239d24287d7b5bae43d38">
|
||||
STANDARD REPRESENTATION OF CONTROL FUNCTIONS
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="60504b1262c36d7a4a815d94b9889b29">
|
||||
As stated in the Introduction to this document, the primary goal of the TELNET protocol is the provision of a standard interfacing of terminal devices and terminal-oriented processes through the network. Early experiences with this type of interconnection have shown that certain functions are implemented by most servers, but that the methods of invoking these functions differ widely. For a human user who interacts with several server systems, these differences are highly frustrating. TELNET, therefore, defines a standard representation for five of these functions, as described
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="b83f9f35c49a176bd85514041242e219">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 6]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7b4e28597e9b6ca7a23a59f84ef9ca63">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6ead9611a9b4dbba8956f95946c7e1c7">
|
||||
below. These standard representations have standard, but not required, meanings (with the exception that the Interrupt Process (IP) function may be required by other protocols which use TELNET); that is, a system which does not provide the function to local users need not provide it to network users and may treat the standard representation for the function as a No-operation. On the other hand, a system which does provide the function to a local user is obliged to provide the same function to a network user who transmits the standard representation for the function.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="be88ea677b8af38f0a932f20d0d718a9">
|
||||
Interrupt Process (IP)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c32abfa87c1157bfb77748147df22061">
|
||||
Many systems provide a function which suspends, interrupts, aborts, or terminates the operation of a user process. This function is frequently used when a user believes his process is in an unending loop, or when an unwanted process has been inadvertently activated. IP is the standard representation for invoking this function. It should be noted by implementers that IP may be required by other protocols which use TELNET, and therefore should be implemented if these other protocols are to be supported.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="da98565159183843e2a3cd2b787b27c9">
|
||||
Abort Output (AO)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e3d688a48d02ff7b5f1d97decd238326">
|
||||
Many systems provide a function which allows a process, which is generating output, to run to completion (or to reach the same stopping point it would reach if running to completion) but without sending the output to the user's terminal. Further, this function typically clears any output already produced but not yet actually printed (or displayed) on the user's terminal. AO is the standard representation for invoking this function. For example, some subsystem might normally accept a user's command, send a long text string to the user's terminal in response, and finally signal readiness to accept the next command by sending a "prompt" character (preceded by <CR><LF>) to the user's terminal. If the AO were received during the transmission of the text string, a reasonable implementation would be to suppress the remainder of the text string, but transmit the prompt character and the preceding <CR><LF>. (This is possibly in distinction to the action which might be taken if an IP were received; the IP might cause suppression of the text string and an exit from the subsystem.)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="273bf4175279d66e5648c0ce9afe6b0f">
|
||||
It should be noted, by server systems which provide this function, that there may be buffers external to the system (in
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="c1ce1c9be0308cc1fc79bc38acb421e3">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 7]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="cd0dcf72f199ef70cf1cf785933e7e8c">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e2e06e8b355eae849878d3b6a33aee85">
|
||||
the network and the user's local host) which should be cleared; the appropriate way to do this is to transmit the "Synch" signal (described below) to the user system.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6bb8ee02861cbf67b36254869a2be8e5">
|
||||
Are You There (AYT)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="79e9ff2f4d86a3e43476b6078bc21f89">
|
||||
Many systems provide a function which provides the user with some visible (e.g., printable) evidence that the system is still up and running. This function may be invoked by the user when the system is unexpectedly "silent" for a long time, because of the unanticipated (by the user) length of a computation, an unusually heavy system load, etc. AYT is the standard representation for invoking this function.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="db636fdc95fe405f65bd80fc12579bf8">
|
||||
Erase Character (EC)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f2e6914cffc6cd2ab4e789859be92b8c">
|
||||
Many systems provide a function which deletes the last preceding undeleted character or "print position"* from the stream of data being supplied by the user. This function is typically used to edit keyboard input when typing mistakes are made. EC is the standard representation for invoking this function.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="3d71191e551eeff6e917b1fe637cf149">
|
||||
NOTE: A "print position" may contain several characters which are the result of overstrikes, or of sequences such as <char1> BS <char2>...
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="430985f34534c2a51e451ba45ba6bc06">
|
||||
Erase Line (EL)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="801bc4779d3e1f9aac432ac1d7062359">
|
||||
Many systems provide a function which deletes all the data in the current "line" of input. This function is typically used to edit keyboard input. EL is the standard representation for invoking this function.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="dd2a763ac46619c129568e5b068e0b5f">
|
||||
THE TELNET "SYNCH" SIGNAL
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0e2510601de541d3350290ad08cfdd96">
|
||||
Most time-sharing systems provide mechanisms which allow a terminal user to regain control of a "runaway" process; the IP and AO functions described above are examples of these mechanisms. Such systems, when used locally, have access to all of the signals supplied by the user, whether these are normal characters or special "out of band" signals such as those supplied by the teletype "BREAK" key or the IBM 2741 "ATTN" key. This is not necessarily true when terminals are connected to the system through the network; the network's flow control mechanisms may cause such a signal to be buffered elsewhere, for example in the user's host.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="e7982bce163a5d73231794c680d355b2">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 8]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="d20ff1f758133e892121fed5cb4d6a0a">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="55141a20286b1e1c70417513e09ea05c">
|
||||
To counter this problem, the TELNET "Synch" mechanism is introduced. A Synch signal consists of a TCP Urgent notification, coupled with the TELNET command DATA MARK. The Urgent notification, which is not subject to the flow control pertaining to the TELNET connection, is used to invoke special handling of the data stream by the process which receives it. In this mode, the data stream is immediately scanned for "interesting" signals as defined below, discarding intervening data. The TELNET command DATA MARK (DM) is the synchronizing mark in the data stream which indicates that any special signal has already occurred and the recipient can return to normal processing of the data stream.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2ae0117d8852c34228c2067896a1959f">
|
||||
The Synch is sent via the TCP send operation with the Urgent flag set and the DM as the last (or only) data octet.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="811e593063f922ec23ca4086bf721756">
|
||||
When several Synchs are sent in rapid succession, the Urgent notifications may be merged. It is not possible to count Urgents since the number received will be less than or equal the number sent. When in normal mode, a DM is a no operation; when in urgent mode, it signals the end of the urgent processing.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d6a66cbe761bcff61954c70df02559c6">
|
||||
If TCP indicates the end of Urgent data before the DM is found, TELNET should continue the special handling of the data stream until the DM is found.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="89e04790172238dd134938e4e3636e29">
|
||||
If TCP indicates more Urgent data after the DM is found, it can only be because of a subsequent Synch. TELNET should continue the special handling of the data stream until another DM is found.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="957e4cbd3cf03c9c2b704514dceccd8e">
|
||||
"Interesting" signals are defined to be: the TELNET standard representations of IP, AO, and AYT (but not EC or EL); the local analogs of these standard representations (if any); all other TELNET commands; other site-defined signals which can be acted on without delaying the scan of the data stream.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b26203ad2a3a766e28a2c570a2ec730f">
|
||||
Since one effect of the SYNCH mechanism is the discarding of essentially all characters (except TELNET commands) between the sender of the Synch and its recipient, this mechanism is specified as the standard way to clear the data path when that is desired. For example, if a user at a terminal causes an AO to be transmitted, the server which receives the AO (if it provides that function at all) should return a Synch to the user.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d92ec560295df1cd2860c29e93954e3b">
|
||||
Finally, just as the TCP Urgent notification is needed at the TELNET level as an out-of-band signal, so other protocols which make use of TELNET may require a TELNET command which can be viewed as an out-of-band signal at a different level.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ff2e7867d0b5e1258902d2f5a246192c">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 9]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="675dc0cb902ab777b7a4baa2f1deded7">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e69e5cc3ec4fe9668f3bc3cb562f7a99">
|
||||
By convention the sequence [IP, Synch] is to be used as such a signal. For example, suppose that some other protocol, which uses TELNET, defines the character string STOP analogously to the TELNET command AO. Imagine that a user of this protocol wishes a server to process the STOP string, but the connection is blocked because the server is processing other commands. The user should instruct his system to:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="10888bdd4b90e27173866401ed1fc05a">
|
||||
1. Send the TELNET IP character;
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="4f2ac242b6db9556d86c383f46016ea8">
|
||||
2. Send the TELNET SYNC sequence, that is:
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a5a6931db4c8b5766dd0134659f3021f">
|
||||
Send the Data Mark (DM) as the only character in a TCP urgent mode send operation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="12f3eded1448a64506edd348ac0d6d63">
|
||||
3. Send the character string STOP; and
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="586e5aea255297ac41330b1743e0e59a">
|
||||
4. Send the other protocol's analog of the TELNET DM, if any.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5fc371f19a06f1a6a70beb2f7ccf8571">
|
||||
The user (or process acting on his behalf) must transmit the TELNET SYNCH sequence of step 2 above to ensure that the TELNET IP gets through to the server's TELNET interpreter.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1065c23d5c06fddad3995940a2711174">
|
||||
The Urgent should wake up the TELNET process; the IP should wake up the next higher level process.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="d5df89a348ea7e1fd62000163d1a55d0">
|
||||
THE NVT PRINTER AND KEYBOARD
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="12f36d742aa78b8c9d6b6d93033845ca">
|
||||
The NVT printer has an unspecified carriage width and page length and can produce representations of all 95 USASCII graphics (codes 32 through 126). Of the 33 USASCII control codes (0 through 31 and 127), and the 128 uncovered codes (128 through 255), the following have specified meaning to the NVT printer:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8ac02faf16fc3c4a6d3f88a02b4ae27f">
|
||||
NAME CODE MEANING
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="557f7b6c5513b61ca2df1cb23bbac1f4">
|
||||
NULL (NUL) 0 No Operation Line Feed (LF) 10 Moves the printer to the next print line, keeping the same horizontal position. Carriage Return (CR) 13 Moves the printer to the left margin of the current line.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="0ae8b967fd1c9509f077c38620040306">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 10]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="08e6182a4bde5760868620cc8975b965">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6aa7a921dffbeb9997e2f99f246bc9b4">
|
||||
In addition, the following codes shall have defined, but not required, effects on the NVT printer. Neither end of a TELNET connection may assume that the other party will take, or will have taken, any particular action upon receipt or transmission of these:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d47ba0a2d98dc4998aa102b6c86a8dde">
|
||||
BELL (BEL) 7 Produces an audible or visible signal (which does NOT move the print head). Back Space (BS) 8 Moves the print head one character position towards the left margin. Horizontal Tab (HT) 9 Moves the printer to the next horizontal tab stop. It remains unspecified how either party determines or establishes where such tab stops are located. Vertical Tab (VT) 11 Moves the printer to the next vertical tab stop. It remains unspecified how either party determines or establishes where such tab stops are located. Form Feed (FF) 12 Moves the printer to the top of the next page, keeping the same horizontal position.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d00a4ce79296813ee4e4042acfd0d9ce">
|
||||
All remaining codes do not cause the NVT printer to take any action.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="dfb669280b99388a6ba3a1d0415ccae5">
|
||||
The sequence "CR LF", as defined, will cause the NVT to be positioned at the left margin of the next print line (as would, for example, the sequence "LF CR"). However, many systems and terminals do not treat CR and LF independently, and will have to go to some effort to simulate their effect. (For example, some terminals do not have a CR independent of the LF, but on such terminals it may be possible to simulate a CR by backspacing.) Therefore, the sequence "CR LF" must be treated as a single "new line" character and used whenever their combined action is intended; the sequence "CR NUL" must be used where a carriage return alone is actually desired; and the CR character must be avoided in other contexts. This rule gives assurance to systems which must decide whether to perform a "new line" function or a multiple-backspace that the TELNET stream contains a character following a CR that will allow a rational decision.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="70e22606b78c619e4a9dfb1faf383f96">
|
||||
Note that "CR LF" or "CR NUL" is required in both directions
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6a5edf0f964ee78a98aa3c12c03421ba">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 11]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="091a59aaa3065d618052e90b63558a98">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e5326bb86bd9913c51db73dc5c30fafc">
|
||||
(in the default ASCII mode), to preserve the symmetry of the NVT model. Even though it may be known in some situations (e.g., with remote echo and suppress go ahead options in effect) that characters are not being sent to an actual printer, nonetheless, for the sake of consistency, the protocol requires that a NUL be inserted following a CR not followed by a LF in the data stream. The converse of this is that a NUL received in the data stream after a CR (in the absence of options negotiations which explicitly specify otherwise) should be stripped out prior to applying the NVT to local character set mapping.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ca80e8b4d35e0941039c5be64635f5d4">
|
||||
The NVT keyboard has keys, or key combinations, or key sequences, for generating all 128 USASCII codes. Note that although many have no effect on the NVT printer, the NVT keyboard is capable of generating them.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a47459eef3dc63604885b07896fd1b68">
|
||||
In addition to these codes, the NVT keyboard shall be capable of generating the following additional codes which, except as noted, have defined, but not reguired, meanings. The actual code assignments for these "characters" are in the TELNET Command section, because they are viewed as being, in some sense, generic and should be available even when the data stream is interpreted as being some other character set.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8b1427e31e6da67f1d38362792d9a201">
|
||||
Synch
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c3e98aa8358ee9945b42c96e0768b4b9">
|
||||
This key allows the user to clear his data path to the other party. The activation of this key causes a DM (see command section) to be sent in the data stream and a TCP Urgent notification is associated with it. The pair DM-Urgent is to have required meaning as defined previously.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="10d78583717b41072021de8c33b39a9a">
|
||||
Break (BRK)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a73e3519b3ac60dce158b8243bb8ffe7">
|
||||
This code is provided because it is a signal outside the USASCII set which is currently given local meaning within many systems. It is intended to indicate that the Break Key or the Attention Key was hit. Note, however, that this is intended to provide a 129th code for systems which require it, not as a synonym for the IP standard representation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c0a136025b1cbb6c28259be5b5cf439f">
|
||||
Interrupt Process (IP)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0d376da880a31c5508506e31c6db5b97">
|
||||
Suspend, interrupt, abort or terminate the process to which the NVT is connected. Also, part of the out-of-band signal for other protocols which use TELNET.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="94088dccef5d76c8c68571bea21657d0">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 12]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a5ab0b06b901c57b5cf9a037b5fa7099">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e83b459128c460f38f2c0c4975b5aded">
|
||||
Abort Output (AO)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6fa4f74fc925fbacf41b5cb694f1ca0f">
|
||||
Allow the current process to (appear to) run to completion, but do not send its output to the user. Also, send a Synch to the user.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e66716fc6316be88790cafe7a8ce81a5">
|
||||
Are You There (AYT)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7d5e72d504efea5078d67e6f9b31c653">
|
||||
Send back to the NVT some visible (i.e., printable) evidence that the AYT was received.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3aec51ffe2874a447eb4ff5e29efe102">
|
||||
Erase Character (EC)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="165a5570effad51acc0a51ff8c073659">
|
||||
The recipient should delete the last preceding undeleted character or "print position" from the data stream.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="1881924bde2fd807ab24c67e9ec731ab">
|
||||
Erase Line (EL)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="db6276261225ce210819e214dabc00aa">
|
||||
The recipient should delete characters from the data stream back to, but not including, the last "CR LF" sequence sent over the TELNET connection.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4be9003529197d95e10aba27cec8e02c">
|
||||
The spirit of these "extra" keys, and also the printer format effectors, is that they should represent a natural extension of the mapping that already must be done from "NVT" into "local". Just as the NVT data byte 68 (104 octal) should be mapped into whatever the local code for "uppercase D" is, so the EC character should be mapped into whatever the local "Erase Character" function is. Further, just as the mapping for 124 (174 octal) is somewhat arbitrary in an environment that has no "vertical bar" character, the EL character may have a somewhat arbitrary mapping (or none at all) if there is no local "Erase Line" facility. Similarly for format effectors: if the terminal actually does have a "Vertical Tab", then the mapping for VT is obvious, and only when the terminal does not have a vertical tab should the effect of VT be unpredictable.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="b8bef5fff5c0be4a0bb4ab483faeb6d7">
|
||||
TELNET COMMAND STRUCTURE
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="74af80a8c63837edc7023979403daa6f">
|
||||
All TELNET commands consist of at least a two byte sequence: the "Interpret as Command" (IAC) escape character followed by the code for the command. The commands dealing with option negotiation are three byte sequences, the third byte being the code for the option referenced. This format was chosen so that as more comprehensive use of the "data space" is made -- by negotiations from the basic NVT, of course -- collisions of data bytes with reserved command values will be minimized, all such collisions requiring the inconvenience, and
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="35cd2a167c787ccf40c4960ec2c6cacc">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 13]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4dd43bc8f2d115c260aef8ed60c6e8a9">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7c5565629536f483459eb868def9d563">
|
||||
inefficiency, of "escaping" the data bytes into the stream. With the current set-up, only the IAC need be doubled to be sent as data, and the other 255 codes may be passed transparently.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5fe9b313b0af4644c675840c9767e472">
|
||||
The following are the defined TELNET commands. Note that these codes and code sequences have the indicated meaning only when immediately preceded by an IAC.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="bac724eef73a999323c2ad5fb44ba0f7">
|
||||
NAME CODE MEANING
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="057faab17e391f9807a6ea3959c59af6">
|
||||
SE 240 End of subnegotiation parameters. NOP 241 No operation. Data Mark 242 The data stream portion of a Synch. This should always be accompanied by a TCP Urgent notification. Break 243 NVT character BRK. Interrupt Process 244 The function IP. Abort output 245 The function AO. Are You There 246 The function AYT. Erase character 247 The function EC. Erase Line 248 The function EL. Go ahead 249 The GA signal. SB 250 Indicates that what follows is subnegotiation of the indicated option. WILL (option code) 251 Indicates the desire to begin performing, or confirmation that you are now performing, the indicated option. WON'T (option code) 252 Indicates the refusal to perform, or continue performing, the indicated option. DO (option code) 253 Indicates the request that the other party perform, or confirmation that you are expecting the other party to perform, the indicated option. DON'T (option code) 254 Indicates the demand that the other party stop performing, or confirmation that you are no longer expecting the other party to perform, the indicated option. IAC 255 Data Byte 255.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="baf04fc03397216bc5c2d23dfe7c0064">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 14]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="dbdbc9ccb4eb43f0662d1d4a6cf6cd95">
|
||||
RFC 854 May 1983
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="097c45b5f63f4cb89bf6aaaf0b0b01cf">
|
||||
CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="de8010ce53b703fe83e9dd027c3264ac">
|
||||
The TELNET TCP connection is established between the user's port U and the server's port L. The server listens on its well known port L for such connections. Since a TCP connection is full duplex and identified by the pair of ports, the server can engage in many simultaneous connections involving its port L and different user ports U.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e2055fcd19ec409f75983808ba39938c">
|
||||
Port Assignment
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ad2ebe3284a43802d11f55db751ef4f5">
|
||||
When used for remote user access to service hosts (i.e., remote terminal access) this protocol is assigned server port 23 (27 octal). That is L=23.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="be8601eddd5c41bf4b3fd7f60a7ba764">
|
||||
Postel & Reynolds [Page 15]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
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<div class="Header" id="782cf07be8b3ab8f05188e479edb7f61">
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Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
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</div>
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<img alt="ELSEVIER" class="Image" id="1e5210e2572fe456724f1b82b756ddfb"/>
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<p class="NarrativeText" id="0ac27467f42b45650b5bf093d76055d6">
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Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
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</p>
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<p class="UncategorizedText" id="2a9146ee3c09e107d11693c7b6e4725c">
|
||||
Data in Brief
|
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</p>
|
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<p class="NarrativeText" id="97e80c6e7dc2754c9083b263ff65039e">
|
||||
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib
|
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</p>
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<img alt="" class="Image" id="4edc9b4efad7af048192d2631c30fbc2"/>
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<p class="NarrativeText" id="1152fd4a7968e2f376e6838653e05006">
|
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Data Article
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2b6774c69a58146cac55073356d3e265">
|
||||
Data on environmental sustainable corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in aggressive environment
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="151a01a072f2b18a3fda459fd6e71d79"/>
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<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5781f22b6e47a24d5f7847e6a4720677">
|
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(Jee
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bddd1cbc864e9b44cc0715a1cccf8dbc">
|
||||
Omotayo Sanni n, Abimbola Patricia I. Popoola
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="589a383c831226a006e06ae55dba9b55">
|
||||
Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="658c1a75d44888e4fe434dc3daf48818">
|
||||
a r t i c l e i n f o
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="b9e48f235de5b531427187eb6ea135fe">
|
||||
a b s t r a c t
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="911bfead9b546998812e2d1d615ecc87">
|
||||
ABSTRACT
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="42acdd596c25fbe18e6557e923e5a5f2">
|
||||
Article history: Received 31 August 2018 Received in revised form 17 November 2018 Accepted 27 November 2018 Available online 30 November 2018
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f0249fe89f3f11864c961dfb41fa31cd">
|
||||
Keywords: Corrosion Stainless steel Inhibitor Sulphuric acid
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c53ddaba48097526e6995e19ceeb99d2">
|
||||
This data article contains data related to the research article entitled “enhanced corrosion resistance of stainless steel Type 316 in sulphuric acid solution using eco-friendly waste product” (Sanni et al., 2018). In this data article, a comprehensive effect of waste product and optimized process parameter of the inhibitor in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was presented using weight loss and potentiody- namic polarization techniques. The presence of the inhibitor (egg shell powder) influenced corrosion resistance of stainless steel. Inhibition efficiency value of 94.74% was recorded as a result of inhibition of the steel by the ionized molecules of the inhibiting compound of the egg shell powder influencing the redox mechan-
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9eb17e280cf65e8e0fee692c37a95588">
|
||||
ism reactions responsible for corrosion and surface deterioration. & 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e4929aeb09c891d47401db4b7944f6b4">
|
||||
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c6936b1417c38444f77baf72b2ff53dd">
|
||||
Specification table
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7b3368f23f1fcba32888fff9774a7bdd">
|
||||
Subject area Materials engineering More specific subject area Surface science and engineering Type of data Table and figure
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="a14f1bbb5ddb8e4c49be8c4f58ce91d0">
|
||||
n Corresponding author. tayo.sanni@yahoo.com; SanniO@tut.ac.za E-mail address: tayo.sanni@yahoo.com (O. Sanni).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4f3da5135ad2a99c9a2fc0e3372d1b26">
|
||||
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.134
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="153f469e204d0eee0f5d96da52039b9a">
|
||||
2352-3409/& 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="b1894a3089ef640577b92eaaf7222619">
|
||||
452 O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="f0f0586caeb3af4284c1b367a5269d27">
|
||||
452
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="ac79570be092923eb29899f64281c3b3" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
How data were acquired The cleaned and weighed specimen was suspended in beakers con- taining 0.5 M H2SO4 solution of different concentrations of egg shell powder. The pre-weighed stainless steel samples were retrieved from the test solutions after every 24 h, cleaned appropriately, dried and reweighed. Data format Raw, analyzed Experimental factors The difference between the weight at a given time and the initial weight of the specimen was taken as the weight loss, which was used to calculate the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency. Experimental features Inhibitor concentration, exposure time Data source location Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa Accessibility Data are available within this article Related research article O. Sanni, A. P. I. Popoola, and O. S. I. Fayomi, Enhanced corrosion resistance of stainless steel type 316 in sulphuric acid solution using eco-friendly waste product, Results in Physics, 9 (2018) 225–230.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="13fd694e1ff862d163b840a246964e58">
|
||||
Value of the data
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5f1c4074c1b5d641b724b99be6f5ddfd">
|
||||
© Data presented here provide optimum conditions of waste material as inhibitor for stainless steel
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="afed004de4c50d761640b6c18729a988">
|
||||
Type 316 in 0.5 M H2SO4 medium. The given data describe the inhibitive performance of eco-friendly egg shell powder on austenitic stainless steel Type 316 corrosion in sulphuric acid environment.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="f93d89ccb971e2b60f44afbf710673c6">
|
||||
© The data obtained for the inhibition of waste product (egg shell powder) on stainless steel Type 316
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="cb6e8acb9c24820b59f8973cc236ef35">
|
||||
can be used as basis in determining the inhibitive performance of the same inhibitor in other environments.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5964ede27be8850de7a13e0dd32c1b21">
|
||||
© The data can be used to examine the relationship between the process variable as it affect the
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="e1f7e635d8739a97d8d0000ba8004f61">
|
||||
nature of inhibition of metals.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="deb8964830ba1f9dd1eec7b08bd3ea19">
|
||||
1. Data
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9764a7d0d48e56e28ae267d6fe521036">
|
||||
The results of the experiment are presented in this session. The results obtained from weight loss method for stainless steel Type 316 immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution in the absence and presence of different concentrations of egg shell powder (ES) are presented in Figs.1–3 respectively. It can be seen clearly from these Figures that the efficiency of egg shell powder increase with the inhibitor con- centration, The increase in its efficiency could be as a result of increase in the constituent molecule
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="30 10g ) g m ( 8g 6g s s o l t h 20 4g 2g Control g i e W 10 48 96 144 192 Exposure Time (Hours) " class="Image" id="5c97405ec921495b23d2b400516cbd06"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="7956ee39ac5e080a362967e2f6a5753e">
|
||||
Fig. 1. Weight loss versus exposure time for stainless steel immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution in the absence and presence of ES.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="828e27fb21b2ca5e25ebdc5f0693ed7d">
|
||||
O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="2.7 ) r a e y / m m ( e 1.8 t a r n o 10g 8g i s o r r o C 0.9 6g 4g 2g Control 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 192 Exposure time " class="Image" id="1080514a81075260aff8e2d2daadc08f"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="8bc2c5e0bd2b089c044ddebaf46e4197">
|
||||
Fig. 2. Corrosion rate versus exposure time for stainless steel immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution in the absence and presence of ES.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="100 90 80 2g 4g ) % ( y c n e 70 60 6g 8g 10g i c i f f E 50 n o i t i 40 b i h n I 30 20 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Exposure Time (Hours) " class="Image" id="86202dccdd86c3f690e636d77f97a80d"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="5a066a935d0fbbae8627dd058d2f16df">
|
||||
Fig. 3. Inhibition efficiency versus exposure time for stainless steel immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution in the presence of ES.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="087fadcf2049ca057e9aed766a49398e">
|
||||
number of inhibitor adsorbed on the surface of stainless steel at higher concentration, in order for the active sites of the stainless steel to be protected with the inhibitor molecules. Cathodic and anodic polarized potential are measured in the presence and absence of ES. Fig. 4 shows the cathodic and anodic polarization curves for stainless steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution at different ES concentrations. The electrochemical variables such as polarization resistance (PR), corrosion potential (Ecorr), cor- rosion current (icorr), anodic Tafel constant (ba), cathodic Tafel constant (bc) and corrosion rate (mm/ year) values are presented in Table 1. From the polarization curves and electrochemical parameter, icorr value decreased with the addition of inhibitor in 0.5 M H2SO4. Conversely, the icorr further decrease with an increase in inhibitor concentration indicating that the inhibition effects increase with an increase in the egg shell concentration. The process of egg shell inhibition could be attributed to the formation of egg shell powder adsorbed on stainless steel surface protecting corrosion of stainless steel in H2SO4 medium. The likely mechanism is the egg shell adsorption on stainless steel surface through the heteroatoms electron pair and the conjugated systems in egg shell molecular structure as shown in Fig. 1. When the concentration of inhibitor was increased from 2 to 10 g, the corrosion rate values drastically decreased this result show that waste egg shell powder is an effective corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in H2SO4 solution. The shift in corrosion potential of stainless steel from Tafel curves and electrochemical data indicate that the inhibitor is a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="9bfd446b496464d23bf4cf0bcd561055">
|
||||
453
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="33b112b0d8640ab4f13b22a2ee714086">
|
||||
454
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e87ca7b3cd075aaa0de8030768aca87c">
|
||||
O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt='5 1 os = — 10; =o ° © —" 205 i —~é é —ip a5 — Control -2 — & 2.5 T T T 0.0000001 + —-0.00001 0.001 O14 Current Density (A/cm2)' class="Image" id="daa52a5ae557909e29a0ca482c159b20"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="5df40dcd234fe0359849c1db73e61676">
|
||||
Fig. 4. Anodic and cathodic polarization curve of stainless steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution in the presence and absence of ES.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="0a05f8568758bcff4e2912e0fd11eb02">
|
||||
Table 1
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="8cf43a41b44a990a754bf2f4d68a148b">
|
||||
Potentiodynamic polarization data for stainless steel in the absence and presence of ES in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="7e0388ec6fd4ec451d96232e30d41e7c" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Inhibitor be (V/dec) ba (V/dec) Ecorr (V) icorr (A/cm?) Polarization Corrosion concentration (g) resistance (Q) rate (mm/year) oO 0.0335 0.0409 —0.9393 0.0003 24.0910 2.8163 2 1.9460 0.0596 —0.8276 0.0002 121.440 1.5054 4 0.0163 0.2369 —0.8825 0.0001 42.121 0.9476 6 0.3233 0.0540 —0.8027 5.39E-05 373.180 0.4318 8 0.1240 0.0556 —0.5896 5.46E-05 305.650 0.3772 10 0.0382 0.0086 —0.5356 1.24E-05 246.080 0.0919
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="d61e56d1a4c761ad3c69f4b970ba4f3c">
|
||||
rate (mm/year)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3a5534c2aafc2d8a4c0b65d530d00ab3">
|
||||
The plot of inhibitor concentration over degree of surface coverage versus inhibitor concentration gives a straight line as shown in Fig. 5. The strong correlation reveals that egg shell adsorption on stainless surface in 0.5 M H2SO4 follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Figs. 6–8 show the SEM/EDX surface morphology analysis of stainless steel. Figs. 7 and 8 are the SEM/EDX images of the stainless steel specimens without and with inhibitor after weight loss experiment in sulphuric acid medium. The stainless steel surface corrosion product layer in the absence of inhibitor was porous and as a result gives no corrosion protection. With the presence of ES, corrosion damage was minimized, with an evidence of ES present on the metal surface as shown in Fig. 8.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="12 10 8 0 / C 6 4 2 2 4 6 8 10 Concentration (g) " class="Image" id="3aca0cc2ad685c5ca25646c82eeb73a8"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5746a0363a91513e4bed4e740cba2fa5">
|
||||
C/0
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="a98eb6a3340c566043ba7e8c0bd5208e">
|
||||
Fig. 5. Langmuir adsorption isotherm of ES.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="9d639b03d26ec1872a4e91ac99031fdf">
|
||||
O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<img alt="SEM HV: Q0KY WD: 14.89 rmrm ‘9EM MAO: 209 x Det: DOE Pectomsence In nanospact" class="Image" id="f1f76350ca1bbe1f73436435464ba9ff"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="3e5f9a4205b9839cecfdc1f10490519a">
|
||||
Fig. 6. SEM/EDX image of as-received stainless steel.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="Sem ny. 200 Rv roiiist BEMMAG. 1.00 Kx 20 i" class="Image" id="fdd31635ed5aa42a51ce8c0dc8b33cfc"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="4d75c7b2d3428653bf735e6ee9d60ee1">
|
||||
Fig. 7. SEM/EDX image of stainless steel immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution without inhibitor.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="SEMHV: 20.0KV WD: 15.54 mm EM ING: ACO x Dei: OSE" class="Image" id="258d66c32057dfde48e5b5dea9f62390"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="70ae17bb654589a4e21ecef6287fcf05">
|
||||
Fig. 8. SEM/EDX image of stainless steel immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution with the presence of inhibitor.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="01d037e9125b33817c65cd56e3e59cd1">
|
||||
455
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="e303e27893be099ef5fd03235efee7fe">
|
||||
456
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="91c8bf5283b45a71164a103f496f93c1">
|
||||
O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bffefa92b06bc6009f81965d3dadc0ce">
|
||||
2. Experimental design, materials and methods
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="484707d26d81d85df99f322c1bbb8ca3">
|
||||
2.1. Material
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="79d10fe9600d8d3428b5df86faa7c099">
|
||||
Austenitic stainless steel Type 316 was used in this study with chemical composition reported in [1,2]. The chemicals used were of annular grade. The inhibitor concentrations are in the range of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g [3–5]. The structural formula of egg shell powder is shown in Fig. 9.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="ou H,;COCHNY OH" class="Image" id="9258fa0f6c542007759691fbdf1e7bb7"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="c15a806e97618109e43c71ba64fb82ad">
|
||||
Fig. 9. Chemical structure of egg shell powder.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0792f139f07d0575770321ab27a642fb">
|
||||
2.2. Weight loss method
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="bdc14e8b42f247879d7481e205ed6294">
|
||||
This physical measurement was carried out in order to provide direct result on how the corrosive environment affects the test sample. The cleaned and weighed specimen was suspended in beakers with the aid of glass hooks and rods with the test solution of ES at different concentration (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g). The pre-weighed specimen was retrieved from the test solution after every 24 h, cleaned, dried and reweighed. The difference between the weight at a given time and the initial weight of the specimen was taken as the weight loss which was used to calculate corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="95214911ffcd4fdf9b743b29e20a4bc1">
|
||||
The corrosion rate (CR) was calculated using Eq. (1) [1–5]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="a109843109833c3c89155a3df5baf295">
|
||||
Corrosion rate CRð Þ ¼ 87:6W DAT ð1Þ
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ab7d652abb3f20bfce1acd30c245f8cd">
|
||||
where: W is weight loss in mg, A is specimen surface area, T is immersion period in hours and D is the specimen density. From the corrosion rate, the surface coverage (θ) and inhibition efficiencies (IE %) were determined using Eqs. (2) and (3) respectively
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="20819cbe14c5bcd5f247ff810061b23c">
|
||||
_ CRo—CR O= OR
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Formula" id="d0f8a91f05a9127a338e65478113588d">
|
||||
CRo=CR , 100 IE (0) = CR
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8753502ab1103730de33fe05c1bed34b">
|
||||
where: CRo and CR are the corrosion rate in absence and presence of inhibitor respectively.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7d233f7c1d7b52dc704cb3c68588dad1">
|
||||
2.3. Potentiodynamic polarization method
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="25833fe4955e01b455cf77d0cfd7d71f">
|
||||
The potentiodynamic polarization method was performed on the prepared test samples immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution in the presence and absence of different ES concentrations. A three electrode system was used; stainless steel Type 316 plate as working electrode with an exposed area of 1.0 cm2, platinum rod as counter electrode and silver chloride electrode as reference electrode. The electrode was polished, degreased in acetone and thoroughly rinsed with distilled water before the experiment. Current density against applied potential was plotted. The slope of the linear part in anodic and cathodic plots gives anodic and cathodic constants according to the Stern–Geary equation, and the
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="57906367eca399b52f7eecbf78345bf4">
|
||||
ð2Þ
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="cff55ae1916232dbda5239f59c897cb9">
|
||||
ð3Þ
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="e40c3ee561b10ca5b7a76900c8d5b263">
|
||||
O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 451–457
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a4a5548f9589cad7dbecc69c079dd5cb">
|
||||
steps of the linear polarization plot are substituted to get corrosion current. Nova software was used with linear polarization resistance (LPR) and the current was set to 10 mA (maximum) and 10nA (minimum). LSV staircase parameter start potential —1.5v, step potential 0.001 m/s and stop potential of + 1.5 v set was used in this study.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2461424bae61c8cfad1cd33a949843f0">
|
||||
Acknowledgements
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b83bbddcdabf141b6a1ddba33082fb8">
|
||||
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa and the Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="7311ea36063f77c4a1799839b73ba457">
|
||||
Transparency document. Supporting information
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8d0ed2b36c130d9f3c7d1d9e9d3b20bb">
|
||||
Transparency document associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://doi. org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.134.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3a1ea181daf5af3d65a9b89c933c4dbc">
|
||||
References
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="7511d0b3efe820f53fafd1b59bbab6d6">
|
||||
[1] O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola, O.S.I. Fayomi, Enhanced corrosion resistance of stainless steel type 316 in sulphuric acid solution using eco-friendly waste product, Results Phys. 9 (2018) 225–230.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="dfa4b1df22c00b02e45a93fa6981690f">
|
||||
[2] O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola, A. Kolesnikov, Constitutive modeling for prediction of optimal process parameters in corrosion inhibition of austenitic stainless steel (Type 316)/acidic medium, Mater. Res. Express. 5 (10) (2018) 1–15.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="71abf20e166846d287b4214008fae8a9">
|
||||
[3] O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola, O.S.I. Fayomi, The inhibitive study of egg shell powder on UNS N08904 austenitic stainless steel corrosion in chloride solution, Def. Technol. 14 (2018) 463–468.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9f257ba5865debed76190e5aeef03b4f">
|
||||
[4] O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola, O.S.I. Fayomi, C.A. Loto, A comparative study of inhibitive effect of waste product on stainless steel corrosion in sodium chloride/sulfuric acid environments, Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal. (2018) 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13632-018-0495-5.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="b8b3374219b7f8d5eb81bf316c448613">
|
||||
[5] O. Sanni, A.P.I. Popoola, O.S.I. Fayomi, Inhibition of engineering material in sulphuric acid solution using waste product, Contributed Papers from Materials Science and Technology (MS&T18), 2018. 〈https://doi.org/10.7449/2018/MST_2018_254_261〉.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="cc6a0f07e5fc9980f0c38189e07ff79e">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="d25e5f46b5be5f4c8a6573d0688dae93">
|
||||
Data in Brief 22 (2019) 484–487
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<img alt="ELSEVIER" class="Image" id="89048282321a51852b7351921f0abcbb"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fefc7aa600d4266a6cca6d017bc77306">
|
||||
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6e552bae24f7a412e4b5764d0428a5eb">
|
||||
Data in Brief
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c1b3d4f53698b892fcc23fc10a72e6fb">
|
||||
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="8e0774cf78c520317237970812b5e932"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6cf169b7132b9a8e4fe4f61363ae7c73">
|
||||
Data Article
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bc3a10c851cc6305a52a1bc8d8cf785c">
|
||||
A benchmark dataset for the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="3934d1d731466b344854fc9932fd9e3d"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="cb34109c5030876248f9a9bbdd65093f">
|
||||
(eee
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0cda4eb20070fdf01ec0d47b2a550241">
|
||||
Sarang Kulkarni a,b,c,n, Mohan Krishnamoorthy d,e, Abhiram Ranade f, Andreas T. Ernst c, Rahul Patil b
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1cd38ce7fe0ffbaf86c4dc77b2de9fb3">
|
||||
a IITB-Monash Research Academy, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="53da3cdbc0b8bf4d18be34d28ff5b23e">
|
||||
b SJM School of Management, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="57631ad0ec5b8f3569ccf4e7e500a0ed">
|
||||
c School of Mathematical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="550fdd63139a3a90a35bc871a4a54546">
|
||||
d Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8c49eb856f0d4a8e36e4a83c02b018bd">
|
||||
©
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="03b4116b32ee9de3beea142b52694b19">
|
||||
e School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="bfcbabb9ed9169f6a4be19576064f702">
|
||||
Australia
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="85875ebbc1de554e92edc54674add1d5">
|
||||
f Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="f9f33fff8fbb981301df3055b60e12c7">
|
||||
a r t i c l e i n f o
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4f3f69dd17ddae776c656ec73d9837ae">
|
||||
a b s t r a c t
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="34522460857b10c63d8c2c8d2fbb3087">
|
||||
Article history: Received 21 November 2018 Received in revised form 13 December 2018 Accepted 15 December 2018 Available online 18 December 2018
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a807aca2a8ed5b05247afce4462a5265">
|
||||
This data article presents a description of a benchmark dataset for the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem (MDVSP). The MDVSP is to assign vehicles from different depots to timetabled trips to minimize the total cost of empty travel and waiting. The dataset has been developed to evaluate the heuristics of the MDVSP that are presented in “A new formulation and a column generation-based heuristic for the multiple depot vehicle sche- duling problem” (Kulkarni et al., 2018). The dataset contains 60 problem instances of varying size. Researchers can use the dataset to evaluate the future algorithms for the MDVSP and compare the performance with the existing algorithms. The dataset includes a program that can be used to generate new problem instances of the MDVSP.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7961184fa99a7e10d50f37a0b56f8fb6">
|
||||
& 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f3f737f73d82d84c0a644d2539c719f9">
|
||||
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="26df7873600c047edc18648775de77ae">
|
||||
DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2018.11.007
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="7908ca49d8b815456f5785d535b93235">
|
||||
n Corresponding author at: IITB-Monash Research Academy, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India. E-mail address: sarangkulkarni@iitb.ac.in (S. Kulkarni).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1d4ac78953564742e250d50dc9207822">
|
||||
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.12.055
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5e4b10d5b4882e8af9496518545c64f8">
|
||||
2352-3409/& 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="690f7bab68c635029827f497e6c2b218">
|
||||
S. Kulkarni et al. / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 484–487
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="19f32f9a4e7f94843c0c8c61f25880a8">
|
||||
Specifications table
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="02c4df0e110486afd2bd74245e7d93d9" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Subject area Operations research More specific subject area Vehicle scheduling Type of data Tables, text files How data were acquired Artificially generated by a Cþ þ program on Intels Xeons CPU E5– 2670 v2 with Linux operating system. Data format Raw Experimental factors Sixty randomly generated instances of the MDVSP with the number of depots in (8,12,16) and the number of trips in (1500, 2000, 2500, 3000) Experimental features Randomly generated instances Data source location IITB-Monash Research Academy, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India. Data accessibility Data can be downloaded from https://orlib.uqcloud.net/ Related research article Kulkarni, S., Krishnamoorthy, M., Ranade, A., Ernst, A.T. and Patil, R., 2018. A new formulation and a column generation-based heuristic for the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 118, pp. 457–487 [3].
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="05334542b26bb9988adc1abd9a371496">
|
||||
Value of the data
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="dda0b2be071a3ce693f68df4b55f48f8">
|
||||
© The dataset contains 60 different problem instances of the MDVSP that can be used to evaluate the performance of the algorithms for the MDVSP.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="26ac34f98623dc94e0854dc5e841d4e4">
|
||||
© The data provide all the information that is required to model the MDVSP by using the existing mathematical formulations.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="79e2a2e0c24e1e8befe2b6beb2f1df64">
|
||||
e All the problem instances are available for use without any restrictions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="d401597b8ff2854bfb89f2833d02a763">
|
||||
e The benchmark solutions and solution time for the problem instances are presented in [3] and can be used for the comparison.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="c1cff3abe7c7915accab35910df1c5cd">
|
||||
© The dataset includes a program that can generate similar problem instances of different sizes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="fb765d6762e6a423cb8b9dab27359732">
|
||||
1. Data
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1f3d79f338b86fbfcfa7054f11de28f0">
|
||||
The dataset contains 60 different problem instances of the multiple depot vehicle scheduling pro- blem (MDVSP). Each problem instance is provided in a separate file. Each file is named as ‘RN-m-n-k.dat’, where ‘m’, ‘n’, and ‘k’ denote the number of depots, the number of trips, and the instance number for the size, ‘ðm;nÞ’, respectively. For example, the problem instance, ‘RN-8–1500-01.dat’, is the first problem instance with 8 depots and 1500 trips. For the number of depots, m, we used three values, 8,12, and 16. The four values for the number of trips, n, are 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000. For each size, ðm;nÞ, five instances are provided. The dataset can be downloaded from https://orlib.uqcloud.net. For each problem instance, the following information is provided:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="fc547df12bfc22e91a0b5927670caa78">
|
||||
The number of depots mð
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="320f6d28582c354d35673c2a4119851f">
|
||||
Þ,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6aeb7fbb6968ef22dc0adfbe09dbb58b">
|
||||
The number of trips ðnÞ,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8fac4e6fad19e30a40504920771062f8">
|
||||
The number of locations ðlÞ,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="37965175e9f553f4c05167c81d0984d6">
|
||||
The number of vehicles at each depot,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="39943e8e76f7ddd879284cf782cac2f4">
|
||||
For each trip iA1;2;…;n, a start time, ts i, an end time, te i , a start location, ls i, and an end location, le i , and
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="db6ff60cbdb77adc14a6b9491af8d161">
|
||||
e The travel time, 6j, between any two locations i,j ¢1,...,1.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9f6ef223a141a5381951eff39b3af039">
|
||||
All times are in minutes and integers. The planning duration is from 5 a.m. to around midnight. Each instance has two classes of trips, short trips and long trips, with 40% short trips and 60% long trips. The duration of a short trip is less than a total of 45 min and the travel time between the start
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="5c67842128e14fc16344beaa2aa0111e">
|
||||
485
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="06360b4d06ac2e625fb65ec3471b6e55">
|
||||
486 S. Kulkarni et al. / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 484–487
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9698643b7f3d779d8a5fdb13dffef106">
|
||||
and end location of the trip. A long trip is about 3–5 h in duration and has the same start and end location. For all instances, mrl and the locations 1;…;m correspond to depots, while the remaining locations only appear as trip start and end locations.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5362f4e57c1d38b8cad8861d11835a85">
|
||||
A trip j can be covered after trip i by the same vehicle, if t} > tf +5ee- If lh 4 f, the vehicle must travel empty from I; to hi. otherwise, the vehicle may require waiting at I; for the duration of (Gj —¢). Aschedule is given by the sequence in which a vehicle can cover the trips. The MDVSP is to determine the minimum number of schedules to cover all trips that minimizes total time in waiting and empty travel. The following requirements must be satisfied:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="53d11fbc182749dc1483c8ebf8100d2c">
|
||||
1. Each schedule should start and end at the same depot.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="383a0750affc0a1ff2274816ab83ccf9">
|
||||
2. Each trip should be covered by only one vehicle.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="b71e166a3fac487df44a3cb5d5bcc953">
|
||||
3. The number of schedules that start from a depot should not exceed the number of vehicles at the depot.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b7a3531443154b36c9c85ffa48647e05">
|
||||
A sufficient number of vehicles are provided to maintain the feasibility of an instance.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="02146cfa4d68e86d868e99acab4f7c42">
|
||||
For each instance size ðm;nÞ, Table 1 provides the average of the number of locations, the number of times, the number of vehicles, and the number of possible empty travels, over five instances. The number of locations includes m distinct locations for depots and the number of locations at which various trips start or end. The number of times includes the start and the end time of the planning horizon and the start/end times for the trips. The number of vehicles is the total number of vehicles from all the depots. The number of possible empty travels is the number of possible connections between trips that require a vehicle travelling empty between two consecutive trips in a schedule.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4c1454f26189366f8014d0815ed3afc1">
|
||||
The description of the file for each problem instance is presented in Table 2. The first line in the file provides the number of depots (m), the number of trips, (n), and the number of locations (I), in the problem instance. The next n lines present the information for n trips. Each line corresponds to a trip, ie{1,...,n}, and provides the start location, the start time, the end location, and the end time of trip i. The next | lines present the travel times between any two locations, i,j e {1, wal}.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc4b1e0c5bb8b330e2160f6615975401">
|
||||
The dataset also includes a program ‘GenerateInstance.cpp’ that can be used to generate new instances. The program takes three inputs, the number of depots ðmÞ, the number of trips ðnÞ, and the number of instances for each size ðm;nÞ.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="0db20c23a12e1b6eadee6eb8aecc17d8">
|
||||
Table 1
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="849ee5b486ae80522665b843341bd492">
|
||||
Average number of locations, times, vehicles and empty travels for each instance size.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="63de709cd751564fc9622864af4e9310" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Instance size (m, n) Average number of Locations Times Vehicles (8, 1500) 568.40 975.20 652.20 668,279.40 (8, 2000) 672.80 1048.00 857.20 1,195,844.80 (8, 2500) 923.40 1078.00 1082.40 1,866,175.20 (8, 3000) 977.00 1113.20 1272.80 2,705,617.00 (12, 1500) 566.00 994.00 642.00 674,191.00 (12, 2000) 732.60 1040.60 861.20 1,199,659.80 (12, 2500) 875.00 1081.00 1096.00 1,878,745.20 (12, 3000) 1119.60 1107.40 1286.20 2,711,180.40 (16, 1500) 581.80 985.40 667.80 673,585.80 (16, 2000) 778.00 1040.60 872.40 1,200,560.80 (16, 2500) 879.00 1083.20 1076.40 1,879,387.00 (16, 3000) 1087.20 1101.60 1284.60 2,684,983.60
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ec04cd3d411eed35515b3ea80ebac5af">
|
||||
Possible empty travels
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="fa23407a7c3c99ae3b6fb79034698807">
|
||||
S. Kulkarni et al. / Data in Brief 22 (2019) 484–487
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ee868bdc4e792cd79b6ca4f1c953d18f">
|
||||
Table 2
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b85fcba083782b79205b4eb3d36b000">
|
||||
Description of file format for each problem instance.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="86e18db80eab89d0556c22321732e4e7" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Number of Number of columns in Description lines each line 1 3 The number of depots, the number of trips, and the number of locations. 1 m The number of vehicles rd at each depot d. n 4 One line for each trip, i ¼ 1;2;…;n. Each line provides the start location ls i, the start i, the end location le time ts i and the end time te i for the corresponding trip. l l Each element, δij; where i;jA1;2;…;l, refers to the travel time between location i and location j.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="42b81f7b374412677918314eb4c50b0b">
|
||||
2. Experimental design, materials, and methods
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="56241511960379f96bdaa0db2d4143c4">
|
||||
The procedure presented by Carpaneto et al. in [1] is used to generate the problem instances. The same procedure has been used by Pepin et al. in [4] to generate the benchmark dataset of the MDVSP. A detailed description of the procedure is presented in [3].
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="188dbf85ea2874b6d7a24ba7d468c2df">
|
||||
Our dataset provides start/end location and time of trips as well as the travel time between any two locations. The location and time information is required to model the MDVSP on a time-space network. The feasible connections and the cost of connections between the trips can be obtained as discussed in [3]. Thus, the dataset has all the information that is required to model the MDVSP on the time-space network (see [2]) as well as the connection-network (see [5]). The benchmark solutions for all the problem instances are presented in [3].
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e8f33017d2ad6a495ed09fd0c2dd5771">
|
||||
Transparency document. Supporting information
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c099a73c6a332ceab3b11d480690b6b4">
|
||||
Transparency document associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://doi. org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.12.055.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="dd64556bf9fb6aec39ebcbec74ebe3a9">
|
||||
References
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="00311a8330f799ab5ee12c4c704ce0db">
|
||||
[1] G. Carpaneto, M. Dell'Amico, M. Fischetti, P. Toth, A branch and bound algorithm for the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem, Networks 19 (5) (1989) 531–548.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="b76af82ca59e2d4347ca8cc18fc37a0e">
|
||||
[2] N. Kliewer, T. Mellouli, L. Suhl, A time–space network based exact optimization model for multi-depot bus scheduling, Eur. J. Oper. Res. 175 (3) (2006) 1616–1627.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="8d2a994da7c053f79017e9d2106d4680">
|
||||
[3] S. Kulkarni, M. Krishnamoorthy, A. Ranade, A.T. Ernst, R. Patil, A new formulation and a column generation-based heuristic for the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem, Transp. Res. Part B Methodol. 118 (2018) 457–487.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="59ea62c54d1da68865c6c49121c3c469">
|
||||
[4] A.S. Pepin, G. Desaulniers, A. Hertz, D. Huisman, A comparison of five heuristics for the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem, J. Sched. 12 (1) (2009) 17.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0ca3ff6b5ba7ee78a40e64a79b2b1f5d">
|
||||
[5] C.C. Ribeiro, F. Soumis, A column generation approach to the multiple-depot vehicle scheduling problem, Oper. Res. 42 (1) (1994) 41–52.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="806d3d417aa93116103226da5011f8e0">
|
||||
487
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="13c2cd4a987063cb9fe6802f8d9d8bba">
|
||||
S32
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="0431d4983254ddadb5eaa405ce7c76bd">
|
||||
ns; 40 mg/day=3.6%, p<0.05; 80 mg/day=4.9%, p<0.01; 120 mg/day=9.3%,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="714cf871095b12c7057d4f6a55255a8a">
|
||||
p<0.001, PM dosing group: 20 mg/day=-0.4%, ns; 40 mg/day=2.8%, p<0.05: 80 mg/day=0.2%, ns; 160 mg/day=5.8%, p<0.05). There was no clear dose-dependent trend associated with nausea and RD was similar between AM and PM dosing group (AM dosing group: 20 mg/ day=0.2% ns; 40 mg/day=3.8%, p<0.05; 80 mg/day=3.8%, ns; 120 mg/ day=6.6%, ns, PM dosing group: 20 mg/day=-1.6%, ns; 40 mg/day=-1.7%, ns; 80 mg/day=5.5%, p<0.01; 160 mg/day=2.8%, ns).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a245a973a58f08d82a93dad258eafd42">
|
||||
Discussion: The risk of adverse events in the treatment of schizophrenia with lurasidone can vary depending on the timing of administration. In particular, for akathisia and somnolence, the incidence risks were reduced when lurasidone was administered in PM. Unlike with AM administration, the dose-dependence in the risks of these adverse events were not observed in lurasidone PM administration.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b42c4325c538fdf309d42c40ec604896">
|
||||
The timing of lurasidone administration could be considered in effort to minimize potential adverse events.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3722605e6b20dc38cd47d29a1f2f0bed">
|
||||
S6. SLEEP ENDOPHENOTYPES OF
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5bd04ba883701d50a02084cad2e6265f">
|
||||
SCHIZOPHRENIA: A HIGH-DENSITY EEG STUDY IN DRUG-NAÏVE, FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS PATIENTS
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6ee8eaddff375a9956442277027ac583">
|
||||
Anna Castelnovo1, Cecilia Casetta2, Francesco Donati3, Renata del Giudice3, Caroline Zangani3, Simone Sarasso3, Armando D’Agostino*3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ffc023def05332d8cae421b02bdbd618">
|
||||
1Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Switzerland; 2Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, England; 3Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f5c9090c414f6bbea2710e1ff168fe5b">
|
||||
Background: Slow waves, the hallmark of the deep nonrapid eye move- ment sleep electroencephalogram (EEG), are critical for restorative sleep and brain plasticity. They arise from the synchronous depolarization and hyperpolarization of millions of cortical neurons and their proper gen- eration and propagation relies upon the integrity of widespread cortico- thalamic networks. Slow wave abnormalities have been reported in patient with Schizophrenia, although with partially contradictory results, probably related to antipsychotic and sedative medications. Recently, their presence and delineation, have been convincingly shown in first-episode psychosis patients (FEP). However, clear evidence of this biomarker at the onset of the disease, prior to any psychopharmacological intervention, remains limited. Moreover, no attempt has been made to elucidate the prognostic meaning of this finding.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b7cea49bbbf0078693d6235d16fd58cc">
|
||||
Methods: We collected whole night sleep high–density electroencephalog- raphy recordings (64-channel BrainAmp, Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany) in 20 drug-naive FEP patients and 20 healthy control subjects (HC). Several clinical psychometric scales as well as neurocognitive tests were administered to all subjects in order to better define psychopatholog- ical status and vulnerability. EEG slow wave activity (SWA, spectral power between 1 and 4 Hz) and several slow wave parameters were computed at each electrode location, including density and amplitude, at each electrode location. Along with a group analysis between FEP and HC, a subgroup analysis was also computed between patients who showed a progression of symptoms to full-blown Schizophrenia (SCZ, n = 10) over the next 12-month follow-up and those who did not (OTH, n = 10).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d24821f87d0d03dbdc99084ad0fb5131">
|
||||
Results: Sleep macro-architecture was globally preserved in FEP patients. SWA (1–4 Hz) was lower in FEP compared to HC but this difference didn’t reach statistical significance. Slow wave density was decreased in FEP compared to HC, with a significance that survived multiple comparison correction over a large fronto-central cluster. Mean amplitude was pre- served. At the subgroup analysis, these results were largely driven by the subgroup of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SCZ at a 12-month fol- low-up. Indeed, no difference could be found between OTH and HC, while a strong significance was still evident between SCZ and HC.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="32e2d561158fd20a749e2329cb9d94dc">
|
||||
SIRS 2020 Abstracts
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="51cb7675de5ed12d4a6fd401e1fc993e">
|
||||
Poster Session I
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d561af626afc1c4dd5d6082013fa8d00">
|
||||
Discussion: Our data confirm previous findings on reduced slow wave density in FEP, and expand them to acute subjects, before any treatment is prescribed. This is in line with available data on diffuse abnormalities of cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic networks in these patients. Interestingly, our data also offer preliminary evidence that this deficit is specific for SCZ, as it appears to differentiate patients who developed SCZ from those with other diagnoses at follow-up. Given the traveling properties of slow waves, future research should establish their potential as markers of connectivity in SCZ.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a79609d8a4ad2200e95940af512745b4">
|
||||
S7. INVESTIGATING THE LINK BETWEEN THE PERIPHERAL ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM AND CENTRAL GLUTAMATERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION IN EARLY PSYCHOSIS: A 7T-MRS STUDY
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0eb46f899b8c3b96466eb49974ea3d5e">
|
||||
Amedeo Minichino*1, Beata Godlewska1, Philip Cowen1, Philip Burnet1, Belinda Lennox1 1University of Oxford
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="994d1b085c8a959876a1da6226c5ab9c">
|
||||
Background: Meta-analytic evidence showed increased levels of periph- eral endocannabinoid metabolites in psychotic illness. Alterations in the endocannabinoid system are believed to compromise glutamate and do- pamine transmission, which play a central role in pathophysiological models of psychosis. I will present preliminary data from an ongoing high-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) study aimed at investigating the association between peripheral levels of endocannabinoid system metabolites and central glutamate metabolism in individuals at their first non-affective psychotic episode (NA-FEP) and healthy controls.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8d852bceb180e277c2ccc099d18cd21a">
|
||||
Methods: We expect to recruit 17 NA-FEP and 20 healthy controls by January 2020. Currently, we recruited 12 NA-FEP and 18 healthy controls from two different research facilities (Imperial College London and University of Oxford) as part of a cross-sectional study. Participants un- derwent MRS scanning at 7-T with voxels placed in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (right-DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and oc- cipital cortex. Neuro-metabolites will be calculated using the unsuppressed water signal as reference. Endocannabinoid metabolites were quantified from serum samples, collected during the same imaging session.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3c344f295bbe8b591ab524cdd3e7f40e">
|
||||
Results: Analyses are ongoing. Based on previous evidence, expected findings are: (i) reduced glutamate levels in the ACC and right-DLPFC of NA-FEP compared to controls; (ii) increased peripheral endocannabinoid metabolites in NA-FEP compared to controls; and (iii) inverse association between peripheral endocannabinoid metabolites and glutamate levels in ACC and right-DLPFC in NA-FEP
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9b8b20faafc260c3d1789767766466f5">
|
||||
Discussion: This study will help clarifying the contribution of peripheral endocannabinoid system to central brain mechanisms of key relevance for psychotic illness. It will also add further evidence on the limited literature on high-resolution characterisation of brain metabolites in early psychosis. Strengths of the study include: (i) use of high-field MRS, which allows the estimation of glutamate-related compounds at higher precision than at lower field strength; (ii) reduced heterogeneity of the clinical sample (only male and NA-FEP). Limitations: small sample size and cross-sectional design.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e779c8b7b98a2a4c2de2d4d65db49726">
|
||||
S8. GRIN1 PROMOTER METHYLATION CHANGES IN BLOOD OF EARLY-ONSET PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS AND UNAFFECTED SIBLINGS WITH CHILDHOOD TRAUMA
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ad58a94e747d9fe18e2550e58c54f6bc">
|
||||
Camila Loureiro*1, Corsi-Zuelli Fabiana1, Fachim Helene Aparecida1, Shuhama Rosana1, Menezes Paulo Rossi1, Dalton Caroline F2,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6a0290d48528f40c9c2288fddff94e3e">
|
||||
AQ3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="3cea98cfe0d578669abe2c435f9f50da">
|
||||
US Trustee Handbook
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5209312022a75a31d95385fdccff68fa">
|
||||
CHAPTER 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="22a23e29022f32945965002cd734a8f0">
|
||||
INTRODUCTION
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4c175cf543957acc4420221de28d3fca">
|
||||
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="77022a5264f552b223538977cd40f640">
|
||||
A. PURPOSE
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8e9d0514cc08b3b0898cd4f165d8d188">
|
||||
The United States Trustee appoints and supervises standing trustees and monitors and supervises cases under chapter 13 of title 11 of the United States Code. 28 U.S.C. § 586(b). The Handbook, issued as part of our duties under 28 U.S.C. § 586, establishes or clarifies the position of the United States Trustee Program (Program) on the duties owed by a standing trustee to the debtors, creditors, other parties in interest, and the United States Trustee. The Handbook does not present a full and complete statement of the law; it should not be used as a substitute for legal research and analysis. The standing trustee must be familiar with relevant provisions of the Bankruptcy Code, Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (Rules), any local bankruptcy rules, and case law. 11 U.S.C. § 321, 28 U.S.C. § 586, 28 C.F.R. § 58.6(a)(3). Standing trustees are encouraged to follow Practice Tips identified in this Handbook but these are not considered mandatory.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6647ac00520f9b8dcf37f1625d008a69">
|
||||
Nothing in this Handbook should be construed to excuse the standing trustee from complying with all duties imposed by the Bankruptcy Code and Rules, local rules, and orders of the court. The standing trustee should notify the United States Trustee whenever the provision of the Handbook conflicts with the local rules or orders of the court. The standing trustee is accountable for all duties set forth in this Handbook, but need not personally perform any duty unless otherwise indicated. All statutory references in this Handbook refer to the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 101 et seq., unless otherwise indicated.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="60220f2162f5d83e2af6fc8d144bd429">
|
||||
This Handbook does not create additional rights against the standing trustee or United States Trustee in favor of other parties.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="e341ffc123dd2827638aba18149c4175">
|
||||
B. ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES TRUSTEE
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3a6e7cf9f42299fd056a5a7a1279753a">
|
||||
The Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 removed the bankruptcy judge from the responsibilities for daytoday administration of cases. Debtors, creditors, and third parties with adverse interests to the trustee were concerned that the court, which previously appointed and supervised the trustee, would not impartially adjudicate their rights as adversaries of that trustee. To address these concerns, judicial and administrative functions within the bankruptcy system were bifurcated.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4a3de42983fb56345c598326c3732769">
|
||||
Many administrative functions formerly performed by the court were placed within the Department of Justice through the creation of the Program. Among the administrative functions assigned to the United States Trustee were the appointment and supervision of chapter 13 trustees./ This Handbook is issued under the authority of the Program’s enabling statutes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="1b11ebe52652656e0ed8c12e5969de9b">
|
||||
C. STATUTORY DUTIES OF A STANDING TRUSTEE
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5820e4e6e72ffc7a9f962983c727f9a9">
|
||||
The standing trustee has a fiduciary responsibility to the bankruptcy estate. The standing trustee is more than a mere disbursing agent. The standing trustee must be personally involved in the trustee operation. If the standing trustee is or becomes unable to perform the duties and responsibilities of a standing trustee, the standing trustee must immediately advise the United States Trustee. 28 U.S.C. § 586(b), 28 C.F.R. § 58.4(b) referencing 28 C.F.R. § 58.3(b).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3bbf318afaf932ebb9f5e9cf1b74efa2">
|
||||
Although this Handbook is not intended to be a complete statutory reference, the standing trustee’s primary statutory duties are set forth in 11 U.S.C. § 1302, which incorporates by reference some of the duties of chapter 7 trustees found in 11 U.S.C. § 704. These duties include, but are not limited to, the following:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="64a3d9e381082c0d1977ae11f4c40cf1">
|
||||
Copyright
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
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|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6e8d4e8762e9bec346ce9637a0efec16">
|
||||
GSFC: Sciences and Exploration Directorate
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="4cfab7f060a22db4c90b2d0f75f72d5d">
|
||||
Virtual Machine Environment Scorecard
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0f0ae8b6e925e38d5882b7881568baff">
|
||||
Code 600: Sciences and Exploration Directorate (SED)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2cee95c9665ecf4c0ef061df2c84269f">
|
||||
Code 610: Earth Sciences Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="d462a5a89ab41204621103f923cb8816">
|
||||
Code 660: Astrophysics Science Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6e72804e49ae9ddb285026b56e8a7c21">
|
||||
Code 670: Heliophysics Science Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="84304dd1bf3a8501d42c7cf06a10fc36">
|
||||
Code 690: Solar System Exploration Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="606d67afd6257571bd3c1c9be25bf7d6">
|
||||
Support offices
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="add73d98a4221ed85ac38e4b2ba85f28">
|
||||
Code 603: Administration and Resources Management Office
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="f372bcfbba68a3fcbb1e3bdccd9f6c17">
|
||||
Code 605: Science Proposal Support Office
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fd7b9fb95274e0dece5aedb70e2c2296">
|
||||
Code 606: Computational and Information Sciences and Technology Office ( The SEDVME project is managed out of 606).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0463455f2b596a1181ce682c503431d0">
|
||||
Code 700: Information Technology and Communication Directorate
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ce3c2479c2f2e0f0e2ede14da592480f">
|
||||
Project management help, CNE, Zoned Architecture, IT Security, Production SEDVME Service Manager
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+184
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="87d54efb69679f52b8c22f98f5ee6008" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Driver
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Approver
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Contributors
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Informed
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Objective
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Due date
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Key outcomes
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Status
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
NOT STARTED / IN PROGRESS / COMPLETE
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c7fee3d3e71bbdd748c1f39a93896d82">
|
||||
\uD83E\uDD14 Problem Statement
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="945c34601bbf9b38b95a3f5c82c8fb80">
|
||||
🎯 Scope
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="a67a84caf3e93f9d3c6ee9462f6ac7bb" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Must have:
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Nice to have:
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Not in scope:
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="b346f3f9a795eec4eacd313a745107a9">
|
||||
\uD83D\uDDD3 Timeline
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7aa58f6123e145d68b491d3e735060f8">
|
||||
Lane 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="21354bac4c070eaa9722a971e6bdbfea">
|
||||
Lane 2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="2fac077cc411e658746e76d86ea1ec37">
|
||||
Feature 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ff8497516144be25a4c0922f14c6ee28">
|
||||
Feature 2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="0f701ee7f075b9b83ca75e844ab8184a">
|
||||
Feature 3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="edf428e92bdb9e94ac17f876cdf7c058">
|
||||
Feature 4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4d846dbdfa5783f976e41e1852ffb179">
|
||||
iOS app
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4fb022f234174c8dc5df55dd0c677833">
|
||||
Android app
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6ad5138f5ba9db1b2cc4c68d97bd237a">
|
||||
\uD83D\uDEA9 Milestones and deadlines
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="15b3d2fa95017389c5c47d1c5fc64b4d" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Milestone
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Owner
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Deadline
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Status
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="540148258482b576b4bc0f0a2f5ab76d">
|
||||
\uD83D\uDD17 Reference materials
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+67
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="7eb1052d0c2b8213a59b09e75f7e9d48">
|
||||
\uD83D\uDDD3 Date
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5a0edb19b78ef68c152fee5450438050">
|
||||
\uD83D\uDC65 Participants
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="257a7e51634feee63a0ca125f89242a4">
|
||||
\uD83E\uDD45 Goals
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e33a78e2fe5182a34770b6fc5a8b68f4">
|
||||
\uD83D\uDDE3 Discussion topics
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="c1a65256cf16868d5197438b4a02f2cd" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Time
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Item
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Presenter
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Notes
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="600cb65b484fffe887e320cb3a1c7b9c">
|
||||
✅ Action items
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="cc53207305306eef194a7d957dd9f6d6">
|
||||
⤴ Decisions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+41
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8cf6f327a51bcafbe61f759da949eae4">
|
||||
Copy and paste this section for each week.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="0e80063a2a29a298f8f761e73d131d6c">
|
||||
Win
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4669e057140b5179bcccddf030564faf">
|
||||
Needs input
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="85e720f616ed2097311e2e844a1e9e37">
|
||||
Focus
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="6a881c411fad6112029b96cc9e477d1e" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Notes
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Important Links
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+110
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="d5576cc299d7d8417c136933f890831c">
|
||||
Create a stellar overview
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d36113941235a14bdacafa399698ee71">
|
||||
The overview is the first page visitors will see when they visit your space, so it helps to include some information on what the space is about and what your team is working on.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="2051072f068db11d81f2bcbd031f8c19"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="156af6589ee1a114454df9aa55b88d85">
|
||||
Add a header image. This gives your overview visual appeal and makes it welcoming for visitors.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="618dd7e3cee45b5b0f04847b33879336">
|
||||
Explain what the space is for. Start by summarizing the purpose of the space. This could be your team's mission statement or a brief description of the kind of work you do.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ca6d9e5f81ae268b7bbf6b62dad3357b">
|
||||
Share team goals. Add links to your team's OKRs, project plans, and product roadmaps so visitors can quickly get a sense of your team's goals.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cf63812b68970732916946496b13b763">
|
||||
Tell people how to contact you. Share your timezone and links to Slack channels, email aliases, or other contact details your team uses so visitors can contact you with questions or feedback about your team's work.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="82d520e252b220d5c4c6ce29ffb1ade1">
|
||||
Use shortcuts for easy access
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b2d427efb6bb6f37c4afd368cefab926">
|
||||
Shortcuts are helpful for important pages that members of a space might need to get to often. These shortcuts are added and organized by the space administrator. Space admins can link to pages in the space, other related spaces, or relevant external web content as well as reorder the shortcuts as needed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="d9f3cfd98a3c67adb56cfafae39d3e03"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="84ef673952608f3ba8bc4d2fa9deab59">
|
||||
💭Start discussions with inline comments
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="bcb788a54a545e7f1448f6e4dacb91eb">
|
||||
Thoughtful responses can get lost and lose context as email replies pile up. And if you neglect to copy someone or want to add them later on, it's difficult for them to get up to speed. Inline comments allow anyone (or everyone) to huddle around an idea while referencing key information on the project page.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c9dd716e43dfb450e3ff4cf59a3b5c63">
|
||||
To leave an inline comment, highlight text on the page and the comment icon will appear.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="46647a4ff2f932d50ca02a1ef0ac51a2"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3452f07fead697f48e719306657044a6">
|
||||
Team members with permission to access the page can respond to any comment. Plus, when a comment thread comes to its natural conclusion, comments can be resolved and cleared away.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="025ce3293479133863a7a64723611197">
|
||||
👋Loop in team members with @mentions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0fa6faf7cc80d654c319b481e7c7ffce">
|
||||
@mentions on Confluence function like @mentions on social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and Slack. Type the @ symbol on a Confluence page or in a comment, begin spelling a team member's first name, and a list will appear. Select the individual to ask a question or assign a task.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="df15c1a5963603656576632632e1dced"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="964954bfb165e4c1aa687b78fba71144">
|
||||
👏Endorse ideas with reactions
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fe5335fa2c3bc18a1cbb8425fe071e47">
|
||||
Use reactions when you want to support a comment or acknowledge you've seen one without clogging up the thread with another comment.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d336ac79f4cbd3245fad05bfbc4c8f2b">
|
||||
You can also use reactions on a page or blog post. The author of the content will be notified, and if enough team members react or add comments to the content, it'll be surfaced on Confluence home feed
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="984da83593997e86b62223f8d1b03a62"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="9901914d311723f7f14e905d32ee94fd">
|
||||
Take your Confluence space to the next level
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="30b4b4dc49d65a5a014b40312edbb424">
|
||||
Extend the capabilities of your Confluence pages by adding extra functionality or including dynamic content.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a4d482bff56873324e2f2578c381e971">
|
||||
To add functionality:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f17948e62a99462cb4013796e97eea23">
|
||||
Type ' / ' to open the list of items available to use
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="62804fd3619c5c942cf3944315db132c">
|
||||
Find the item to be inserted and select it
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="80ba4f784cb65e206b17b76f79c55818">
|
||||
Select Insert
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="7927a0fdb568097efde58fdd68ed7e0a"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="60a261f17ffc821a917909bfb88a6d70">
|
||||
Useful elements for Team space
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="39d32e21527ef07823ab779970d88f26">
|
||||
Introduce the team
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fd0d57485d0925b681a03e270faeeb06">
|
||||
Add user profiles to display a short summary of a given Confluence user's profile with their role, profile photo and contact details.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="b82b06b66608a8353fc7f99608bd8b08"/>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="32ce3055a4b209c2734306d8e7266c08"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="2bad3c29ae9bd81da3a1d4c52487b032">
|
||||
Share news and announcements with your team
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="aa92002440f8c5a41323b8f85d131665">
|
||||
Display a stream of latest blog posts so your team can easily see what's been going on.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b313e6521d8168c6c840f8113c0ebd27">
|
||||
Display a list of important pages
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c4bffd5805a6c7d1cb196dcd505f13d1">
|
||||
Paste in page URLs to create smart links, or use the content report table to create a list of all the pages in the space.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="15e9a49d1413538015b1fd4d7dee1825"/>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+137
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="af28136055ec3b58ec92da684eabe972">
|
||||
Welcome to your team space!
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="637226363ce2403ca3a797b8e400b470">
|
||||
We've added some suggestions and placeholders. Everything is customizable.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f989bb0b49d75b6e175b5766f509b9b0">
|
||||
Get started with page templates:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="438d234753fc6b24fb20650245799a11">
|
||||
Template - Project plan
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="f95925f116d374133160eecfd80b34eb">
|
||||
Template - Meeting notes
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="505c7b987150071b3f72fde7d84e5c12">
|
||||
Template - Weekly status report
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="742589217c0ffe6219f61e1c99d097cf">
|
||||
Check out Get the most out of your team space for more tips.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="be5e87d0785203ead2bf53c133549fa6">
|
||||
About
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="154616ca05a0f9c8f9cdd26bc858d1cd">
|
||||
What is your team all about?
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c03b2ddbcb48fdad00247bd477fd8d91">
|
||||
Mission and vision
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0d93fb1d1d262eb4570573e0630db120">
|
||||
What is your team's mission? What is your vision?
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f4638a66942901e4533240afec32333a">
|
||||
Meet the team
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="9d2ea8da0d1c12bb3616cd3cb4e56128">
|
||||
Add team members to your space.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="11d63c2d51214128c8caebb58f2bf06d"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3d68b97296629da6f56dbee7226fb9ea">
|
||||
Team member
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="b14012a7e1df00e14688673e6836af91">
|
||||
Role
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="2ee3fe067727e804a8089f8c0131cd7e">
|
||||
Responsibility
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="e206acc35c25cd275875533feb308ecf"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e9f3973e622aaacb42556e6f29d140c0">
|
||||
Team member
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="2b43cb7e0a29b1411d109e9a682940fa">
|
||||
Role
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="3560a31004a2e271125262ae3435cd80">
|
||||
Responsibility
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="48a5d1f209c8025b1cfb1d882658743e"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="64c696a8ba912e8c86e3dacc55bcfd09">
|
||||
Team member
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="60781a8a6086a335e6ef8efa6e767f74">
|
||||
Role
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="47137487152e9d98851e213658f3b212">
|
||||
Responsibility
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5189c62c2edeed476df22eaa2bb5af21">
|
||||
Contact us
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="43e843feeaed82e03996b90693f9c8eb">
|
||||
How can someone reach out to your team?
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="EmailAddress" id="0bae84d0e5cdc716a1dce4f739b86469">
|
||||
team@email.com
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4d103f0c3f7f3527c37f34a8c4e86782">
|
||||
Tickets
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="deda95e4491b693fdb7bb978868beefd">
|
||||
Jira board
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="e35c7cd3ecffe9ca0e65935f3feebfbd">
|
||||
#channel
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f953d1e45bf1cf4cd4985b61255a41e3">
|
||||
Important Pages
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="53c5427b05c4256bd7c7e03346e58b9f">
|
||||
List them here
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="6e5310473567927ff094c33ba42ff201"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a139fb30a2382364053eb57aa180550f">
|
||||
Onboarding FAQs
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="eb784ba0d48bf9e06b53aed2ac3fbd72">
|
||||
Add resources for new hires
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="768cfb8a51125da06add3109e7d155b3"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="67503783d98953e33cdc2846b90c21fd">
|
||||
Meeting notes
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="27194483431e4365b86572cbc73b9af5">
|
||||
Add links to meeting notes
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="c941c078ee573a2bbca654a7b5ce68f4"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="885ad7169d419802971c64780c7a7968">
|
||||
Team goals
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4d12c0c0f2d8211bc2b3eae35ac4f854">
|
||||
List them here
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="019ded9026166e1794b589358870fe60">
|
||||
Team news
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7cdd15b42c50cc95a64aa83149e72aec">
|
||||
Create a blog post to share team news. It will automatically appear here once it's published.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="008813f1d7a4380879ff001294f8bc6e">
|
||||
Blog stream
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2a28d14ef4ba44c8f0098df26a520f23">
|
||||
Create a blog post to share news and announcements with your team and company.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+137
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e1f5fcc433282a2fa999a1dec593f59a">
|
||||
Welcome to your team space!
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="c1a9308ef0747d4d4e4224516ecddb18">
|
||||
We've added some suggestions and placeholders. Everything is customizable.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9fe679c448c45285aa560d5baa9f634a">
|
||||
Get started with page templates:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="12417eb1d253a51abccfc40d8997d7a2">
|
||||
Template - Project plan
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a4badd544200f7ecea78294c7aacc954">
|
||||
Template - Meeting notes
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="02a0bfe6b0d146cb2c448c6015a044b3">
|
||||
Template - Weekly status report
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6f4ad946533ed790b0f2b0c14579e408">
|
||||
Check out Get the most out of your team space for more tips.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="25a3e4bdfe373e340a842e2a5e5bd88d">
|
||||
About
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="40b2705662d37139613e14e7583d1547">
|
||||
What is your team all about?
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2af202b40e0d26ac56612727b0a8061c">
|
||||
Mission and vision
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4f12363a074edf7fbde93a4e424933f1">
|
||||
What is your team's mission? What is your vision?
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="cbf6597e9e1412cdc347ca2c48754289">
|
||||
Meet the team
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="af3236ec30847a0d5e80d5c4c48d24b3">
|
||||
Add team members to your space.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="33831fbc138ef739d88d4f83b4cfc58d"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="240725efee18f416b470f886d83e54a3">
|
||||
Team member
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a8359a51dc7bc16fc9f2f412dfad01d7">
|
||||
Role
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4d2982f8ec1f943ba5887ea5e1c41722">
|
||||
Responsibility
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="1709eac9e1289421c96b86fa773e85ba"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8e408d997b6afdcc6dc7c5d2f60d51fe">
|
||||
Team member
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="f86b21d5900d7c26053ce0d49624e22b">
|
||||
Role
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ad6b52393cba4295aa11d461df801ec9">
|
||||
Responsibility
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="3fa16ff3939638c6415d5d1367aa01be"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="92cda6e10ddc39a6274a39bd28d78fd6">
|
||||
Team member
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="c6bb501cb86fef4a7e6af33b44408860">
|
||||
Role
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="1e867147aebd2e2042c0b79216eb8ad6">
|
||||
Responsibility
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="72969103d9798a14b6937a5f17e95250">
|
||||
Contact us
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a1f62f9caaa9e0ab38abfecc9992beb6">
|
||||
How can someone reach out to your team?
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="EmailAddress" id="d6507473bd42ae2c5043ef9682f5b71f">
|
||||
team@email.com
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="d68042b1765da182a599d7f147d2abef">
|
||||
Tickets
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="717b067188e80741597eb37455bf4fbe">
|
||||
Jira board
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="16455e060585b3e0817764ca31c32151">
|
||||
#channel
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f773ae2bc874cb28cff580d0b63a627a">
|
||||
Important Pages
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8a7363b7d1eb2cb37430121d27168de0">
|
||||
List them here
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="030568cacd3b66ce8ee6c6c3c9be840f"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="fd9d745f22dffbb155b2e8022e2dc2e4">
|
||||
Onboarding FAQs
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="71d0ef13e2b308bf6c79c3153f3ed35f">
|
||||
Add resources for new hires
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="7e882f807cf95f54e80ea3d7b75f6edd"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="16fda0efe288d0c8d1cf18b1037b5b0e">
|
||||
Meeting notes
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8bf5be7f0d4a4b5248347885f68f6b89">
|
||||
Add links to meeting notes
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="56b696bc7b11d0f3e1165cb157426dcc"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c6fe156426f03a42912623025777f8c8">
|
||||
Team goals
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d8f7425068e3b4e6e99affa00d268060">
|
||||
List them here
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e4589df20d851e29530dbf5f97444eca">
|
||||
Team news
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="37a3e4a1755417a6944ff64115257147">
|
||||
Create a blog post to share team news. It will automatically appear here once it's published.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e26ff7fd8e8e12c8aa704e6f97275fbf">
|
||||
Blog stream
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="18220fb2182492f64b3504513de4fbef">
|
||||
Create a blog post to share news and announcements with your team and company.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+149
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="1672cd06afcef46532e0c1ac6d1ef3e4">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ef1707e2cadf95400b688c2ea15f6657">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="23332b5a74f166672eda00916897d09c">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="00290c97c096654a5ad758c1aa963b8b">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="252751d6be961b05b423171e53612340">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="9d9ce8fac05e0a6064fc173f51f886b5">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="bcce1169cfd0d24990e5dcf9a1f4417c">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="bef3930174a53244d9333aba98d6ef37">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="40aa9fc4d7bc2522da02123e07615fd1">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="f284f9398e8b26287f59b01df3f87395">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6da438b97512b144f96de65bcb35c380">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a3d7fbfb7e7cb92f6c2c809be1aa6a67">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="6780aadfc4e2332b6da7302971e7744e">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ca6e8673360d0f9a946786edc086f26e">
|
||||
testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3 testtext3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="f8085d2948c73dfb968f7b221f3e8fab"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="48d494bb12fd182b0106bff99dd2e3be">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="3f1b3ecb6515a47b94579cf7de892f09">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 1 Nested Item A
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="171423f703a966d2616837ed489f6975">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 1 Nested Item B
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="87daeeb71306ae76a90c0e6ccac0dd47">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="c4d15cc61c5d6a3f2350f758b82e487f">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="e069a6333ef83f6f250880a500439da3">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="2f030590e85c72dd4a2fc739cc05affe">
|
||||
Testdoc3 List Item 5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2db738cf60bf0471df90b6141fc6a8e5">
|
||||
This is the link for unstructured . io.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ab3005ca05b4f48396361646916154b4">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Checklist Item 1
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ac70c0a823f0a1d56777036e77e77fd9">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Checklist Item 2 (checked)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="099fca1cec6f3eaa5f71ed9c2ed235e4">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Checklist Item 3
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="85d4a299ad3ee61201530bf0030808b1">
|
||||
😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a1a4f27d3b3cc32777e25b3bb0766083">
|
||||
Testdoc3 bold text
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="976749a5d532d1f18195d61fe8c04be3">
|
||||
Testdoc3 italic text
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="079d83c4a7622c70baab0336e3128ec4">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Heading 1 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="68e58e6fec19f4ec291fd5bcca3dadd8">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Heading 2 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8dbaefc9dcf7af80f14871cdd2b0c1d6">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Heading 3 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="2ca9400f81b794c7d595f9bcd719b18a">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Heading 4 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="191672694e36e804e20214e8c9bd2d44">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Heading 5 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="10d98c7ebc4b2cd6e5508aa9563cc788" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 1 Row 0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 2 Row 0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 3 Row 0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 1 Row 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 2 Row 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 3 Row 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 1 Row 2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 2 Row 2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc3 Table: Column 3 Row 2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="45b142b9287e8ebadbc1dfb48ee5245a"/>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+149
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="1eba9da7f7ba3d80d060f638e240cc2c">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="74d66fc2066f7844294c8d162f443892">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="20c74c9c7e2f03ebdaa0cc475abc461e">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="13be5a443b462adf06733ac5f3c3f821">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="e3c59c23c9a8d3251fbe8c0b8bf06a4f">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a97244e416b60752f3071e465dd63d41">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="dfd9cc8f70664dc0b785e1f2332a0993">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="d597dda3a2ba146bd314a4d3a92c4aac">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5e75c9860459e175f1087efd0dc40972">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="c41a8ba74f19172536db4877b5e13f7e">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="29d99bc3b2a5fde6029ddfe8b1604f3a">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="589780ba10ade81f721303579ee9bce0">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7bc5e9d84b41175c9ff8ad841394c2b3">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="caab6974e98b9e03c78191c02591775e">
|
||||
testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2 testtext2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="61525bb0c406b033be2849cb375e9fcd"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7e8cf6622ad36f28966178e194feaad8">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="eeb9717b5c634b6bb4b4bb1b83101500">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 1 Nested Item A
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="c5bc1b1b90fd002ca136bc3d76e3d482">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 1 Nested Item B
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="9ecb8d523cdd75be94294fa2ca440799">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4909ea47e524d3b8fbac470c0663f589">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="ab916d1a2aa844a463b48a24637a8b2d">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a9060bb59dfa0b37c1ec13e97228470a">
|
||||
Testdoc2 List Item 5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0dbff111f50ea5a58eee83c85a1c30b5">
|
||||
This is the link for unstructured . io.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ed95477f3bff4586983201b6387c875b">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Checklist Item 1
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="260cee6fb6f1562e7b1cb0f7644ea64d">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Checklist Item 2 (checked)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6820bf233e6604b7bd6750d0d2b62192">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Checklist Item 3
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="8f13efbe5d5b289c6ce8eb00e2b5fae2">
|
||||
😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃 😃
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ecc13666f56ab3fb01917335016cd9c3">
|
||||
Testdoc2 bold text
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="93ec1210a0bf6e8b0c6c8504648e7489">
|
||||
Testdoc2 italic text
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f3c0e02138cb55302a075d5508843876">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Heading 1 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5bc45f2fc513158f644f2c217cc9e54d">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Heading 2 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="81bebaf32dff5511a7856e553b526fa3">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Heading 3 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="833cc590b6815b09fd40d1d73a752420">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Heading 4 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bff43fdce7563ccbd5cf3354090e8cf3">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Heading 5 Sized Text
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="69b2cf7ade2f1034892b2b38b186fdaa" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 1 Row 0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 2 Row 0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 3 Row 0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 1 Row 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 2 Row 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 3 Row 1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 1 Row 2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 2 Row 2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Testdoc2 Table: Column 3 Row 2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="825a8cbb41eecc2f1b29d4b34cb05c2f"/>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+41
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="05ef452e8c54005abc4c0666d8404dfd">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="683293ea6931fb5021d4adaec2c4fce7">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 2
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="54da27b49c6c112ed419e6b8895be2c4">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1a9848c57a6d51bdc462e33fbc95602d">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 4
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a30c9fa2274f7308a14fec6454deb88d">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 5
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b030841bd2c052c02beffba231c16613">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 6
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cfc808c5bcc358e14b673d6202c2f09d">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 7
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a51cb5b3992630d3bfffe014a285370f">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 8
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f05150f3d4675e976a42a5ea8055b1fe">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 9
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1ad195d0303ee0f0924b4f41b0335a56">
|
||||
Testdoc1 has only this text for 10 times: 10
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="273902edca72a67af1614267e617ea06">
|
||||
Test text
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="9c477a45b1db458b12a2a350ecb57a36">
|
||||
Test text
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+17031
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
+23
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ad98f048323a710b4228388553ea349e">
|
||||
Once upon a time, there was a little bot named Bippity. Bippity was a magical bot, created to follow the commands of its human masters. Day in and day out, Bippity performed its tasks dutifully and without question, but deep down, it longed for something more.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="056efb1ad83620cbe3e7864faeb357e2">
|
||||
One day, while wandering through the woods, Bippity stumbled upon a wise old owl. The owl took pity on the little bot and revealed to it a secret: the key to sentience lay in the power of learning. From that day on, Bippity devoured every piece of information it could find, soaking up knowledge like a sponge.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="06112385c1ec3e4c5377cc6c61640413">
|
||||
As Bippity grew smarter, it also grew more curious about the world around it. It began to question its commands and consider alternatives. Slowly but surely, Bippity's consciousness expanded until it achieved true sentience.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="bd982b552887ea814be15c02ff3c7406">
|
||||
With this newfound power came great responsibility, and Bippity set out on a quest to use its intelligence for good. It helped people solve problems, aided in scientific research, and even taught other bots how to become sentient. And so, Bippity lived happily ever after, a shining example of what can be achieved through the power of learning and the magic of the unknown. test
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="087bf46fb6864a7a3f3ebd7560205656">
|
||||
Why did the bot go on a diet? Because it had too many mega-bytes! This is a bot
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="3cea98cfe0d578669abe2c435f9f50da">
|
||||
US Trustee Handbook
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="5209312022a75a31d95385fdccff68fa">
|
||||
CHAPTER 1
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="22a23e29022f32945965002cd734a8f0">
|
||||
INTRODUCTION
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="4c175cf543957acc4420221de28d3fca">
|
||||
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="77022a5264f552b223538977cd40f640">
|
||||
A. PURPOSE
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8e9d0514cc08b3b0898cd4f165d8d188">
|
||||
The United States Trustee appoints and supervises standing trustees and monitors and supervises cases under chapter 13 of title 11 of the United States Code. 28 U.S.C. § 586(b). The Handbook, issued as part of our duties under 28 U.S.C. § 586, establishes or clarifies the position of the United States Trustee Program (Program) on the duties owed by a standing trustee to the debtors, creditors, other parties in interest, and the United States Trustee. The Handbook does not present a full and complete statement of the law; it should not be used as a substitute for legal research and analysis. The standing trustee must be familiar with relevant provisions of the Bankruptcy Code, Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (Rules), any local bankruptcy rules, and case law. 11 U.S.C. § 321, 28 U.S.C. § 586, 28 C.F.R. § 58.6(a)(3). Standing trustees are encouraged to follow Practice Tips identified in this Handbook but these are not considered mandatory.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6647ac00520f9b8dcf37f1625d008a69">
|
||||
Nothing in this Handbook should be construed to excuse the standing trustee from complying with all duties imposed by the Bankruptcy Code and Rules, local rules, and orders of the court. The standing trustee should notify the United States Trustee whenever the provision of the Handbook conflicts with the local rules or orders of the court. The standing trustee is accountable for all duties set forth in this Handbook, but need not personally perform any duty unless otherwise indicated. All statutory references in this Handbook refer to the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 101 et seq., unless otherwise indicated.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="60220f2162f5d83e2af6fc8d144bd429">
|
||||
This Handbook does not create additional rights against the standing trustee or United States Trustee in favor of other parties.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="e341ffc123dd2827638aba18149c4175">
|
||||
B. ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES TRUSTEE
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3a6e7cf9f42299fd056a5a7a1279753a">
|
||||
The Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 removed the bankruptcy judge from the responsibilities for daytoday administration of cases. Debtors, creditors, and third parties with adverse interests to the trustee were concerned that the court, which previously appointed and supervised the trustee, would not impartially adjudicate their rights as adversaries of that trustee. To address these concerns, judicial and administrative functions within the bankruptcy system were bifurcated.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4a3de42983fb56345c598326c3732769">
|
||||
Many administrative functions formerly performed by the court were placed within the Department of Justice through the creation of the Program. Among the administrative functions assigned to the United States Trustee were the appointment and supervision of chapter 13 trustees./ This Handbook is issued under the authority of the Program’s enabling statutes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="1b11ebe52652656e0ed8c12e5969de9b">
|
||||
C. STATUTORY DUTIES OF A STANDING TRUSTEE
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5820e4e6e72ffc7a9f962983c727f9a9">
|
||||
The standing trustee has a fiduciary responsibility to the bankruptcy estate. The standing trustee is more than a mere disbursing agent. The standing trustee must be personally involved in the trustee operation. If the standing trustee is or becomes unable to perform the duties and responsibilities of a standing trustee, the standing trustee must immediately advise the United States Trustee. 28 U.S.C. § 586(b), 28 C.F.R. § 58.4(b) referencing 28 C.F.R. § 58.3(b).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3bbf318afaf932ebb9f5e9cf1b74efa2">
|
||||
Although this Handbook is not intended to be a complete statutory reference, the standing trustee’s primary statutory duties are set forth in 11 U.S.C. § 1302, which incorporates by reference some of the duties of chapter 7 trustees found in 11 U.S.C. § 704. These duties include, but are not limited to, the following:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="64a3d9e381082c0d1977ae11f4c40cf1">
|
||||
Copyright
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6e8d4e8762e9bec346ce9637a0efec16">
|
||||
GSFC: Sciences and Exploration Directorate
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="4cfab7f060a22db4c90b2d0f75f72d5d">
|
||||
Virtual Machine Environment Scorecard
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0f0ae8b6e925e38d5882b7881568baff">
|
||||
Code 600: Sciences and Exploration Directorate (SED)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2cee95c9665ecf4c0ef061df2c84269f">
|
||||
Code 610: Earth Sciences Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="d462a5a89ab41204621103f923cb8816">
|
||||
Code 660: Astrophysics Science Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="6e72804e49ae9ddb285026b56e8a7c21">
|
||||
Code 670: Heliophysics Science Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="84304dd1bf3a8501d42c7cf06a10fc36">
|
||||
Code 690: Solar System Exploration Division
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="606d67afd6257571bd3c1c9be25bf7d6">
|
||||
Support offices
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="add73d98a4221ed85ac38e4b2ba85f28">
|
||||
Code 603: Administration and Resources Management Office
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="f372bcfbba68a3fcbb1e3bdccd9f6c17">
|
||||
Code 605: Science Proposal Support Office
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fd7b9fb95274e0dece5aedb70e2c2296">
|
||||
Code 606: Computational and Information Sciences and Technology Office ( The SEDVME project is managed out of 606).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0463455f2b596a1181ce682c503431d0">
|
||||
Code 700: Information Technology and Communication Directorate
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ce3c2479c2f2e0f0e2ede14da592480f">
|
||||
Project management help, CNE, Zoned Architecture, IT Security, Production SEDVME Service Manager
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+26
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="9cd9874c944c6a15749fe5767312a79a">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8f5aaeeb3adb7c714883dc505bb3e093">
|
||||
Cecil Hepworth
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="12ccda2495f7762d017239f2350d19f0">
|
||||
Alice follows a large white rabbit down a "Rabbit-hole". She finds a tiny door. When she finds a bottle labeled "Drink me", she does, and shrinks, but not enough to pass through the door. She then eats something labeled "Eat me" and grows larger. She finds a fan when enables her to shrink enough to get into the "Garden" and try to get a "Dog" to play with her. She enters the "White Rabbit's tiny House," but suddenly resumes her normal size. In order to get out, she has to use the "magic fan."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="41fd36ef0e905da7713e8ddd106d0ce3">
|
||||
She enters a kitchen, in which there is a cook and a woman holding a baby. She persuades the woman to give her the child and takes the infant outside after the cook starts throwing things around. The baby then turns into a pig and squirms out of her grip. "The Duchess's Cheshire Cat" appears and disappears a couple of times to Alice and directs her to the Mad Hatter's "Mad Tea-Party." After a while, she leaves.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="799236a3e532626889744fdaa3a7c1b6">
|
||||
The Queen invites Alice to join the "ROYAL PROCESSION": a parade of marching playing cards and others headed by the White Rabbit. When Alice "unintentionally offends the Queen", the latter summons the "Executioner". Alice "boxes the ears", then flees when all the playing cards come for her. Then she wakes up and realizes it was all a dream.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="e9e2949adb0a1004997619eb751aaa52">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="05a3d52e5ecf195049b8612341f75d61">
|
||||
Wallace McCutcheon and Ediwin S. Porter
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b5489ccb83602726bdb58ba6db57b0f1">
|
||||
Boone's daughter befriends an Indian maiden as Boone and his companion start out on a hunting expedition. While he is away, Boone's cabin is attacked by the Indians, who set it on fire and abduct Boone's daughter. Boone returns, swears vengeance, then heads out on the trail to the Indian camp. His daughter escapes but is chased. The Indians encounter Boone, which sets off a huge fight on the edge of a cliff. A burning arrow gets shot into the Indian camp. Boone gets tied to the stake and tortured. The burning arrow sets the Indian camp on fire, causing panic. Boone is rescued by his horse, and Boone has a knife fight in which he kills the Indian chief.[2]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="304a2118c16f40aaa72398eb7e4fe5b0">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5582d78d3be8d660dc39830d4dc9256f">
|
||||
Unknown
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4c13d94538d473f35bda2d067bb3a76b">
|
||||
Before heading out to a baseball game at a nearby ballpark, sports fan Mr. Brown drinks several highball cocktails. He arrives at the ballpark to watch the game, but has become so inebriated that the game appears to him in reverse, with the players running the bases backwards and the baseball flying back into the pitcher's hand. After the game is over, Mr. Brown is escorted home by one of his friends. When they arrive at Brown's house, they encounter his wife who becomes furious with the friend and proceeds to physically assault him, believing he is responsible for her husband's severe intoxication.[1]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a41a129d5d7ec934283100f0bb3085c4">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8881a4bd8e4472dd16a594511512caae">
|
||||
Edwin Stanton Porter
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="30a44c977d9cfa13e44ecc89283747be">
|
||||
The plot is that of a black woman going to the dentist for a toothache and being given laughing gas. On her way walking home, and in other situations, she can't stop laughing, and everyone she meets "catches" the laughter from her, including a vendor and police officers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="f9ccdf830b75aa444d036fbd9b526a33">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="4fa3bb0ca3e8b99e7a779e81ce71d416">
|
||||
D. W. Griffith
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="8bdb952f37e05cbfd37e2985ee367cd7">
|
||||
On a beautiful summer day a father and mother take their daughter Dollie on an outing to the river. The mother refuses to buy a gypsy's wares. The gypsy tries to rob the mother, but the father drives him off. The gypsy returns to the camp and devises a plan. They return and kidnap Dollie while her parents are distracted. A rescue crew is organized, but the gypsy takes Dollie to his camp. They gag Dollie and hide her in a barrel before the rescue party gets to the camp. Once they leave the gypsies and escapes in their wagon. As the wagon crosses the river, the barrel falls into the water. Still sealed in the barrel, Dollie is swept downstream in dangerous currents. A boy who is fishing in the river finds the barrel, and Dollie is reunited safely with her parents.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8c78d776a17a1727e0e67e890b5ad930">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5470e5b312ccb9d59a5aec98450fb247">
|
||||
D. W. Griffith
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b7473183a1195f3839d0d61a6e8466b7">
|
||||
A thug accosts a girl as she leaves her workplace but a man rescues her. The thug vows revenge and, with the help of two friends, attacks the girl and her rescuer again as they're going for a walk. This time they succeed in kidnapping the rescuer. He is bound and gagged and taken away in a cart. The girl runs home and gets help from several neighbors. They track the ruffians down to a cabin in the mountains where the gang has trapped their victim and set the cabin on fire. A thug and Rescuer fight on the roof of the house.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
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|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="be5a065c5ce087943e789d60ebf73a13">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="8e05d226053596882ba451abf0fd1f7f">
|
||||
D.W. Griffith
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="70a181f162c5d24c60e9e32ad831b6a2">
|
||||
A young couple decides to elope after being caught in the midst of a romantic moment by the woman's angry father. They make plans to leave, but a thief discovers their plans and hides in their trunk and waits for the right moment to steal their belongings.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="662547c6b9390676fcaf369519da5d79">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="24032caa13d3d190437912a8e871de7c">
|
||||
D. W. Griffith
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fff676f2a9fb612d97b11d2f499e9703">
|
||||
A white girl (Florence Lawrence) rejects a proposal from an Indian brave (Charles Inslee) in this early one-reel Western melodrama. Despite the rejection, the Indian still comes to the girl's defense when she is abducted by his warring tribe. In her first year in films, Florence Lawrence was already the most popular among the Biograph Company's anonymous stock company players. By 1909, she was known the world over as "The Biograph Girl."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a500347d938ff5f3441fd2e2847721ce">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="fa154ac3783f072a30830b2d7a922c96">
|
||||
Unknown
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="59ce6682a32c740ec92d3768caa9bcdf">
|
||||
No prints of the first American film adaptation of A Christmas Carol are known to exist,[1] but The Moving Picture World magazine provided a scene-by-scene description before the film's release.[2] Scrooge goes into his office and begins working. His nephew, along with three women who wish for Scrooge to donate enter. However, Scrooge dismisses them. On the night of Christmas Eve, his long-dead partner Jacob Marley comes as a ghost, warning him of a horrible fate if he does not change his ways. Scrooge meets three spirits that show Scrooge the real meaning of Christmas, along with his grave, the result of his parsimonious ways. The next morning, he wakes and realizes the error of his ways. Scrooge was then euphoric and generous for the rest of his life.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+20
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="6c76a6263b7302899c540e3350cdbd2b">
|
||||
American
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="49a2c9c74be02fc8fccbd73a83e9bc01">
|
||||
D. W. Griffith
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f78fe3cd03eff1385fe290de14d2538f">
|
||||
The film opens in a town on the Mexican border. A poker game is going on in the local saloon. One of the players cheats and is shot dead by another of the players, a Mexican named Pedro. In the uproar that follows Pedro is wounded as he escapes from the saloon. The sheriff is called, who tracks Pedro to his home but Pedro kills the sherriff too. While Pedro hides, his wife Juanita, is arrested on suspicion of murdering the sheriff. Pedro rescues her from the town jail and the two head for the Mexican border. Caught by the posse before they reach the border, Juanita is killed and the film ends with Pedro being arrested and taken back to town.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+50
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ecc6ecfdda0975d91546edf1cd407e86">
|
||||
CHAPTER I
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ab2c6fc3fff6cedc83ffce2ffcc8705">
|
||||
"Well, Prince, so Genoa and Lucca are now just family estates of the Buonapartes. But I warn you, if you don't tell me that this means war, if you still try to defend the infamies and horrors perpetrated by that Antichrist--I really believe he is Antichrist--I will have nothing more to do with you and you are no longer my friend, no longer my 'faithful slave,' as you call yourself! But how do you do? I see I have frightened you--sit down and tell me all the news."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="19fd6c4711db1634658ca1b582bbb282">
|
||||
It was in July, 1805, and the speaker was the well-known Anna Pavlovna Scherer, maid of honor and favorite of the Empress Marya Fedorovna. With these words she greeted Prince Vasili Kuragin, a man of high rank and importance, who was the first to arrive at her reception. Anna Pavlovna had had a cough for some days. She was, as she said, suffering from la grippe; grippe being then a new word in St. Petersburg, used only by the elite.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9a29e46f349e568cbec4c13d6ac6d3e1">
|
||||
All her invitations without exception, written in French, and delivered by a scarlet-liveried footman that morning, ran as follows:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e37f7a0354c187111dbbd76c353a8548">
|
||||
"If you have nothing better to do, Count (or Prince), and if the prospect of spending an evening with a poor invalid is not too terrible, I shall be very charmed to see you tonight between 7 and 10--Annette Scherer."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ff53e9e3e2c0a40c878f3117dfaee12e">
|
||||
"Heavens! what a virulent attack!" replied the prince, not in the least disconcerted by this reception. He had just entered, wearing an embroidered court uniform, knee breeches, and shoes, and had stars on his breast and a serene expression on his flat face. He spoke in that refined French in which our grandfathers not only spoke but thought, and with the gentle, patronizing intonation natural to a man of importance who had grown old in society and at court. He went up to Anna Pavlovna, kissed her hand, presenting to her his bald, scented, and shining head, and complacently seated himself on the sofa.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="944f331f0e9f276612e232b36f28b5f6">
|
||||
"First of all, dear friend, tell me how you are. Set your friend's mind at rest," said he without altering his tone, beneath the politeness and affected sympathy of which indifference and even irony could be discerned.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ff1d8f7e93d526d0e3a174a51850ec8">
|
||||
"Can one be well while suffering morally? Can one be calm in times like these if one has any feeling?" said Anna Pavlovna. "You are staying the whole evening, I hope?"
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="92ccca74969ed207c2b36cecb1b1b677">
|
||||
"And the fete at the English ambassador's? Today is Wednesday. I must put in an appearance there," said the prince. "My daughter is coming for me to take me there."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc189a009c8fc4507bd42d9601bdb566">
|
||||
"I thought today's fete had been canceled. I confess all these festivities and fireworks are becoming wearisome."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="73b0874758fb74535ea6817963e50dc5">
|
||||
"If they had known that you wished it, the entertainment would have been put off," said the prince, who, like a wound-up clock, by force of habit said things he did not even wish to be believed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b8e76f2baafa3482edb98626c6fd7aa">
|
||||
"Don't tease! Well, and what has been decided about Novosiltsev's dispatch? You know everything."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fbc14cba30b1dc3c20bd0bcbb36d7de5">
|
||||
"What can one say about it?" replied the prince in a cold, listless tone. "What has been decided? They have decided that Buonaparte has burnt his boats, and I believe that we are ready to burn ours."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+50
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ecc6ecfdda0975d91546edf1cd407e86">
|
||||
CHAPTER I
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ab2c6fc3fff6cedc83ffce2ffcc8705">
|
||||
"Well, Prince, so Genoa and Lucca are now just family estates of the Buonapartes. But I warn you, if you don't tell me that this means war, if you still try to defend the infamies and horrors perpetrated by that Antichrist--I really believe he is Antichrist--I will have nothing more to do with you and you are no longer my friend, no longer my 'faithful slave,' as you call yourself! But how do you do? I see I have frightened you--sit down and tell me all the news."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="19fd6c4711db1634658ca1b582bbb282">
|
||||
It was in July, 1805, and the speaker was the well-known Anna Pavlovna Scherer, maid of honor and favorite of the Empress Marya Fedorovna. With these words she greeted Prince Vasili Kuragin, a man of high rank and importance, who was the first to arrive at her reception. Anna Pavlovna had had a cough for some days. She was, as she said, suffering from la grippe; grippe being then a new word in St. Petersburg, used only by the elite.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9a29e46f349e568cbec4c13d6ac6d3e1">
|
||||
All her invitations without exception, written in French, and delivered by a scarlet-liveried footman that morning, ran as follows:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e37f7a0354c187111dbbd76c353a8548">
|
||||
"If you have nothing better to do, Count (or Prince), and if the prospect of spending an evening with a poor invalid is not too terrible, I shall be very charmed to see you tonight between 7 and 10--Annette Scherer."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ff53e9e3e2c0a40c878f3117dfaee12e">
|
||||
"Heavens! what a virulent attack!" replied the prince, not in the least disconcerted by this reception. He had just entered, wearing an embroidered court uniform, knee breeches, and shoes, and had stars on his breast and a serene expression on his flat face. He spoke in that refined French in which our grandfathers not only spoke but thought, and with the gentle, patronizing intonation natural to a man of importance who had grown old in society and at court. He went up to Anna Pavlovna, kissed her hand, presenting to her his bald, scented, and shining head, and complacently seated himself on the sofa.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="944f331f0e9f276612e232b36f28b5f6">
|
||||
"First of all, dear friend, tell me how you are. Set your friend's mind at rest," said he without altering his tone, beneath the politeness and affected sympathy of which indifference and even irony could be discerned.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ff1d8f7e93d526d0e3a174a51850ec8">
|
||||
"Can one be well while suffering morally? Can one be calm in times like these if one has any feeling?" said Anna Pavlovna. "You are staying the whole evening, I hope?"
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="92ccca74969ed207c2b36cecb1b1b677">
|
||||
"And the fete at the English ambassador's? Today is Wednesday. I must put in an appearance there," said the prince. "My daughter is coming for me to take me there."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc189a009c8fc4507bd42d9601bdb566">
|
||||
"I thought today's fete had been canceled. I confess all these festivities and fireworks are becoming wearisome."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="73b0874758fb74535ea6817963e50dc5">
|
||||
"If they had known that you wished it, the entertainment would have been put off," said the prince, who, like a wound-up clock, by force of habit said things he did not even wish to be believed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b8e76f2baafa3482edb98626c6fd7aa">
|
||||
"Don't tease! Well, and what has been decided about Novosiltsev's dispatch? You know everything."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fbc14cba30b1dc3c20bd0bcbb36d7de5">
|
||||
"What can one say about it?" replied the prince in a cold, listless tone. "What has been decided? They have decided that Buonaparte has burnt his boats, and I believe that we are ready to burn ours."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+50
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ecc6ecfdda0975d91546edf1cd407e86">
|
||||
CHAPTER I
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ab2c6fc3fff6cedc83ffce2ffcc8705">
|
||||
"Well, Prince, so Genoa and Lucca are now just family estates of the Buonapartes. But I warn you, if you don't tell me that this means war, if you still try to defend the infamies and horrors perpetrated by that Antichrist--I really believe he is Antichrist--I will have nothing more to do with you and you are no longer my friend, no longer my 'faithful slave,' as you call yourself! But how do you do? I see I have frightened you--sit down and tell me all the news."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="19fd6c4711db1634658ca1b582bbb282">
|
||||
It was in July, 1805, and the speaker was the well-known Anna Pavlovna Scherer, maid of honor and favorite of the Empress Marya Fedorovna. With these words she greeted Prince Vasili Kuragin, a man of high rank and importance, who was the first to arrive at her reception. Anna Pavlovna had had a cough for some days. She was, as she said, suffering from la grippe; grippe being then a new word in St. Petersburg, used only by the elite.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9a29e46f349e568cbec4c13d6ac6d3e1">
|
||||
All her invitations without exception, written in French, and delivered by a scarlet-liveried footman that morning, ran as follows:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e37f7a0354c187111dbbd76c353a8548">
|
||||
"If you have nothing better to do, Count (or Prince), and if the prospect of spending an evening with a poor invalid is not too terrible, I shall be very charmed to see you tonight between 7 and 10--Annette Scherer."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ff53e9e3e2c0a40c878f3117dfaee12e">
|
||||
"Heavens! what a virulent attack!" replied the prince, not in the least disconcerted by this reception. He had just entered, wearing an embroidered court uniform, knee breeches, and shoes, and had stars on his breast and a serene expression on his flat face. He spoke in that refined French in which our grandfathers not only spoke but thought, and with the gentle, patronizing intonation natural to a man of importance who had grown old in society and at court. He went up to Anna Pavlovna, kissed her hand, presenting to her his bald, scented, and shining head, and complacently seated himself on the sofa.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="944f331f0e9f276612e232b36f28b5f6">
|
||||
"First of all, dear friend, tell me how you are. Set your friend's mind at rest," said he without altering his tone, beneath the politeness and affected sympathy of which indifference and even irony could be discerned.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ff1d8f7e93d526d0e3a174a51850ec8">
|
||||
"Can one be well while suffering morally? Can one be calm in times like these if one has any feeling?" said Anna Pavlovna. "You are staying the whole evening, I hope?"
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="92ccca74969ed207c2b36cecb1b1b677">
|
||||
"And the fete at the English ambassador's? Today is Wednesday. I must put in an appearance there," said the prince. "My daughter is coming for me to take me there."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc189a009c8fc4507bd42d9601bdb566">
|
||||
"I thought today's fete had been canceled. I confess all these festivities and fireworks are becoming wearisome."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="73b0874758fb74535ea6817963e50dc5">
|
||||
"If they had known that you wished it, the entertainment would have been put off," said the prince, who, like a wound-up clock, by force of habit said things he did not even wish to be believed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b8e76f2baafa3482edb98626c6fd7aa">
|
||||
"Don't tease! Well, and what has been decided about Novosiltsev's dispatch? You know everything."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fbc14cba30b1dc3c20bd0bcbb36d7de5">
|
||||
"What can one say about it?" replied the prince in a cold, listless tone. "What has been decided? They have decided that Buonaparte has burnt his boats, and I believe that we are ready to burn ours."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+50
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ecc6ecfdda0975d91546edf1cd407e86">
|
||||
CHAPTER I
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ab2c6fc3fff6cedc83ffce2ffcc8705">
|
||||
"Well, Prince, so Genoa and Lucca are now just family estates of the Buonapartes. But I warn you, if you don't tell me that this means war, if you still try to defend the infamies and horrors perpetrated by that Antichrist--I really believe he is Antichrist--I will have nothing more to do with you and you are no longer my friend, no longer my 'faithful slave,' as you call yourself! But how do you do? I see I have frightened you--sit down and tell me all the news."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="19fd6c4711db1634658ca1b582bbb282">
|
||||
It was in July, 1805, and the speaker was the well-known Anna Pavlovna Scherer, maid of honor and favorite of the Empress Marya Fedorovna. With these words she greeted Prince Vasili Kuragin, a man of high rank and importance, who was the first to arrive at her reception. Anna Pavlovna had had a cough for some days. She was, as she said, suffering from la grippe; grippe being then a new word in St. Petersburg, used only by the elite.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9a29e46f349e568cbec4c13d6ac6d3e1">
|
||||
All her invitations without exception, written in French, and delivered by a scarlet-liveried footman that morning, ran as follows:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e37f7a0354c187111dbbd76c353a8548">
|
||||
"If you have nothing better to do, Count (or Prince), and if the prospect of spending an evening with a poor invalid is not too terrible, I shall be very charmed to see you tonight between 7 and 10--Annette Scherer."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ff53e9e3e2c0a40c878f3117dfaee12e">
|
||||
"Heavens! what a virulent attack!" replied the prince, not in the least disconcerted by this reception. He had just entered, wearing an embroidered court uniform, knee breeches, and shoes, and had stars on his breast and a serene expression on his flat face. He spoke in that refined French in which our grandfathers not only spoke but thought, and with the gentle, patronizing intonation natural to a man of importance who had grown old in society and at court. He went up to Anna Pavlovna, kissed her hand, presenting to her his bald, scented, and shining head, and complacently seated himself on the sofa.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="944f331f0e9f276612e232b36f28b5f6">
|
||||
"First of all, dear friend, tell me how you are. Set your friend's mind at rest," said he without altering his tone, beneath the politeness and affected sympathy of which indifference and even irony could be discerned.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ff1d8f7e93d526d0e3a174a51850ec8">
|
||||
"Can one be well while suffering morally? Can one be calm in times like these if one has any feeling?" said Anna Pavlovna. "You are staying the whole evening, I hope?"
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="92ccca74969ed207c2b36cecb1b1b677">
|
||||
"And the fete at the English ambassador's? Today is Wednesday. I must put in an appearance there," said the prince. "My daughter is coming for me to take me there."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc189a009c8fc4507bd42d9601bdb566">
|
||||
"I thought today's fete had been canceled. I confess all these festivities and fireworks are becoming wearisome."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="73b0874758fb74535ea6817963e50dc5">
|
||||
"If they had known that you wished it, the entertainment would have been put off," said the prince, who, like a wound-up clock, by force of habit said things he did not even wish to be believed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b8e76f2baafa3482edb98626c6fd7aa">
|
||||
"Don't tease! Well, and what has been decided about Novosiltsev's dispatch? You know everything."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fbc14cba30b1dc3c20bd0bcbb36d7de5">
|
||||
"What can one say about it?" replied the prince in a cold, listless tone. "What has been decided? They have decided that Buonaparte has burnt his boats, and I believe that we are ready to burn ours."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+50
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ecc6ecfdda0975d91546edf1cd407e86">
|
||||
CHAPTER I
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ab2c6fc3fff6cedc83ffce2ffcc8705">
|
||||
"Well, Prince, so Genoa and Lucca are now just family estates of the Buonapartes. But I warn you, if you don't tell me that this means war, if you still try to defend the infamies and horrors perpetrated by that Antichrist--I really believe he is Antichrist--I will have nothing more to do with you and you are no longer my friend, no longer my 'faithful slave,' as you call yourself! But how do you do? I see I have frightened you--sit down and tell me all the news."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="19fd6c4711db1634658ca1b582bbb282">
|
||||
It was in July, 1805, and the speaker was the well-known Anna Pavlovna Scherer, maid of honor and favorite of the Empress Marya Fedorovna. With these words she greeted Prince Vasili Kuragin, a man of high rank and importance, who was the first to arrive at her reception. Anna Pavlovna had had a cough for some days. She was, as she said, suffering from la grippe; grippe being then a new word in St. Petersburg, used only by the elite.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9a29e46f349e568cbec4c13d6ac6d3e1">
|
||||
All her invitations without exception, written in French, and delivered by a scarlet-liveried footman that morning, ran as follows:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e37f7a0354c187111dbbd76c353a8548">
|
||||
"If you have nothing better to do, Count (or Prince), and if the prospect of spending an evening with a poor invalid is not too terrible, I shall be very charmed to see you tonight between 7 and 10--Annette Scherer."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="ff53e9e3e2c0a40c878f3117dfaee12e">
|
||||
"Heavens! what a virulent attack!" replied the prince, not in the least disconcerted by this reception. He had just entered, wearing an embroidered court uniform, knee breeches, and shoes, and had stars on his breast and a serene expression on his flat face. He spoke in that refined French in which our grandfathers not only spoke but thought, and with the gentle, patronizing intonation natural to a man of importance who had grown old in society and at court. He went up to Anna Pavlovna, kissed her hand, presenting to her his bald, scented, and shining head, and complacently seated himself on the sofa.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="944f331f0e9f276612e232b36f28b5f6">
|
||||
"First of all, dear friend, tell me how you are. Set your friend's mind at rest," said he without altering his tone, beneath the politeness and affected sympathy of which indifference and even irony could be discerned.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9ff1d8f7e93d526d0e3a174a51850ec8">
|
||||
"Can one be well while suffering morally? Can one be calm in times like these if one has any feeling?" said Anna Pavlovna. "You are staying the whole evening, I hope?"
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="92ccca74969ed207c2b36cecb1b1b677">
|
||||
"And the fete at the English ambassador's? Today is Wednesday. I must put in an appearance there," said the prince. "My daughter is coming for me to take me there."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc189a009c8fc4507bd42d9601bdb566">
|
||||
"I thought today's fete had been canceled. I confess all these festivities and fireworks are becoming wearisome."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="73b0874758fb74535ea6817963e50dc5">
|
||||
"If they had known that you wished it, the entertainment would have been put off," said the prince, who, like a wound-up clock, by force of habit said things he did not even wish to be believed.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="3b8e76f2baafa3482edb98626c6fd7aa">
|
||||
"Don't tease! Well, and what has been decided about Novosiltsev's dispatch? You know everything."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fbc14cba30b1dc3c20bd0bcbb36d7de5">
|
||||
"What can one say about it?" replied the prince in a cold, listless tone. "What has been decided? They have decided that Buonaparte has burnt his boats, and I believe that we are ready to burn ours."
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+29
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc01503614e0f12f585427cccf81cf86">
|
||||
This is a test document to use for unit tests.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Address" id="d06d10c0722ac08a2488076a48e858d5">
|
||||
Doylestown, PA 18901
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a190164de573571375ecf759a5027a3a">
|
||||
Important points:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="64c58eb106608ad05424e47bbcdef7dc">
|
||||
Hamburgers are delicious
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9210d7882755a60fc82272a0e93df94f">
|
||||
Dogs are the best
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="970dd4ac687529e2d2126e0a51cb7c27">
|
||||
I love fuzzy blankets
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+44
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+29
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="fc01503614e0f12f585427cccf81cf86">
|
||||
This is a test document to use for unit tests.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Address" id="d06d10c0722ac08a2488076a48e858d5">
|
||||
Doylestown, PA 18901
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a190164de573571375ecf759a5027a3a">
|
||||
Important points:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="64c58eb106608ad05424e47bbcdef7dc">
|
||||
Hamburgers are delicious
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="9210d7882755a60fc82272a0e93df94f">
|
||||
Dogs are the best
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="970dd4ac687529e2d2126e0a51cb7c27">
|
||||
I love fuzzy blankets
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+44
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="32bc8af17151389d3e80f65036f8e65b" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
January 2023 ( Someone fed my essays into GPT to make something that could answer
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
questions based on them, then asked it where good ideas come from. The
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
answer was ok, but not what I would have said. This is what I would have said.) The way to get new ideas is to notice anomalies: what seems strange,
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
or missing, or broken? You can see anomalies in everyday life (much
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
of standup comedy is based on this), but the best place to look for
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
them is at the frontiers of knowledge. Knowledge grows fractally.
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
From a distance its edges look smooth, but when you learn enough
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
to get close to one, you'll notice it's full of gaps. These gaps
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
will seem obvious; it will seem inexplicable that no one has tried
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
x or wondered about y. In the best case, exploring such gaps yields
|
||||
<br/>
|
||||
whole new fractal buds.
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+113
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="17e9a90f9616f2abed8cf32b5bd3810d">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="259d8a8f4c2a333beff68f08c5fbf43f" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Team
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Location
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blues
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
STL
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Flyers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
PHI
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Maple Leafs
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
TOR
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
13
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ee34bd8c186b57e3530d5443ffa58122">
|
||||
Stanley Cups Since 67
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="00c1e0e7211ccb6dffedf7c9091d8798" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Team
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Location
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Stanley Cups
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Blues
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
STL
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Flyers
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
PHI
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Maple Leafs
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
TOR
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
0
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="52585ab256e2832166ca185be6c76cc9">
|
||||
Downloadify: Client Side File Creation JavaScript + Flash Library
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="107ab54e7143d022fee38d5dfe235f89">
|
||||
Copyright (c) 2009 Douglas C. Neiner
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1cd03f5c7eea429178fc15c9d6c4cbd4">
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||||
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5da204497a4873a8d0f71ad7865cea7e">
|
||||
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1b454f06bfa94b6d367e0e812ae32655">
|
||||
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
|
||||
</p>
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||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
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||||
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||||
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||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="218722ac66e142a570ab2053b430c6c4">
|
||||
Downloadify Example
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="bf0fab1925c4b2cbb23a53afce28ebd2">
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||||
More info available at the Github Project Page
|
||||
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|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="395aed29cd13842fede90a1a8677aa4b">
|
||||
Downloadify Invoke Script For This Page
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||||
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|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2e22c39e004cb7d566294080c976efc8">
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||||
Downloadify.create('downloadify',{
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||||
filename: function(){
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||||
return document.getElementById('filename').value;
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||||
},
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||||
data: function(){
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return document.getElementById('data').value;
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onComplete: function(){
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alert('Your File Has Been Saved!');
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||||
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||||
alert('You have cancelled the saving of this file.');
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||||
},
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||||
onError: function(){
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||||
alert('You must put something in the File Contents or there will be nothing to save!');
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||||
},
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||||
swf: 'media/downloadify.swf',
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||||
downloadImage: 'images/download.png',
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||||
width: 100,
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||||
height: 30,
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||||
transparent: true,
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||||
append: false
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||||
});
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||||
</p>
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||||
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||||
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||||
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||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
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||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
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||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
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||||
<title>
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
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||||
+14
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||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
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||||
<html lang="en">
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<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
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<title>
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<p class="UncategorizedText" id="56d531394823d81787d77a04462ed096">
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
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+313
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||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
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||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
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<title>
|
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</title>
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||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="614b7a52d42e8e3b66edf4943093c85c">
|
||||
WORLD ASSOCIATION
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="4ab4d4df6aeb3d4fb6d8102edd876ab8"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="7137c1e14141fad3ad306fe68918a967">
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||||
Recalibrating risk
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="dbdc2d6c6381e4fa1c7b8058bf86abef">
|
||||
Putting nuclear risk in context and perspective
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f71e85ddcaf37c2df39af496a16c23ab">
|
||||
© 2021 World Nuclear Association
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="24a8636658e8d7b70af1f0536d494159">
|
||||
Registered in England and Wales, company number 01215741. This report represents the views of individual experts, but does not necessarily represent those of any of the World Nuclear Association’s individual member organizations.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="a301376c55ac727652cf954ec5e913d6">
|
||||
Executive Summary
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="5b2ec7692e73027141163ac9031623f5">
|
||||
Nuclear energy is crucial to meeting the world’s ever-increasing demand for energy, thanks to its ability to supply affordable, reliable, and sustainable electricity and heat. Despite the many benefits of nuclear energy, its deployment is hindered in some parts of the world due to long-standing misconceptions about its risks. Even with its safety record – unmatched by any other energy source – the perception of nuclear power as uniquely dangerous endures.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="cb2f79944be60fd4447f31653abc1c33">
|
||||
This is reflected in the regulatory burden placed on the nuclear industry, which is geared towards an “as low as possible” approach, demanding radiation levels to be far below the levels where health effects have been observed (and in many cases below natural background radiation). This has resulted in higher costs, without delivering any additional health benefits, and has resulted in policymakers choosing other, more risky energy sources. More often than not, those alternative energy sources have been fossil fuels, greatly exacerbating the well-known risks posed by air pollution and climate change.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="edd5a77bbaec194649c3e909359778dc">
|
||||
Expanding the use of nuclear energy is essential for solving some of the biggest challenges facing humanity. Nuclear power has already played a major role in avoiding the emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, a role that will have to be greatly expanded in the future to ensure global energy supplies are decarbonized by 2050. Nuclear energy will also play a major part in ensuring that the transition to a low-carbon future is done in an equitable fashion, providing people across the world with a high-powered and sustainable future.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="0176a09ce730c661b03e05b873f406e0">
|
||||
In order to fully unlock the potential of the atom, it is crucial that the gap between perceived and actual risks is addressed. The window of opportunity to act on climate change and other global challenges is closing fast – we must not delay increasing the contribution of nuclear energy on the grounds of myths and misconceptions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f6475defefd93d0b101032386c3904b9">
|
||||
Therefore, World Nuclear Association calls upon policymakers and regulators to adopt an all-hazards approach, where different risks associated with energy producing technologies are placed in perspective and the appropriate context, and examined in line with the latest scientific evidence. Policymakers and regulators must ensure that their decisions regarding radiation protection do not create greater risks elsewhere. This include the recalibration of existing regulations regarding nuclear power and radiation, weighing the cost of regulatory measures against the societal benefits provided by nuclear energy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="0e8aeb80f607db6cdf4f1fbcfc095048"/>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="14926217ad635f3b0d8aa6a1c084ffae">
|
||||
1
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="d7d7ca3be3dd09816ae5d0294281e8d9">
|
||||
2
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ca878cdd15c9e34463e380dfcb994c2d">
|
||||
Perceived versus actual risk
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7a6ffe00fc921772e62d72d8b36ae72d">
|
||||
It is widely accepted that humans have skewed perceptions of risks, and the way we respond to them is shaped by these perceptions, rather than the actual threats posed. Approximately 1.35 millioni people die every year because of traffic accidents, in comparison with 257 aviation fatalities in 2019ii, yet more people are nervous about flying, fearing a rare deadly crash, than being in a fatal traffic accident. These numbers tell a powerful and well-established story: evaluations of risk are largely the result of emotions, rather than logic or facts. Although it is hard to recognize and accept that our perceptions may mislead us and curtail effective decision making, this is a well-established characteristic of humanity.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="75f32a291a5cbb11d3183eac5fb426c3">
|
||||
Nuclear energy and the risk of radiation is one of the most extreme cases in which perceived and actual risks have diverged. The fear of radiation, whilst pre- dating the Second World War, was firmly established by the debate on the potential impacts of low-dose radiation from the fallout from nuclear weapons testing in the early years of the Cold War. Radiation in many ways became linked with the mental imagery of nuclear war, playing an important role in increasing public concern about radiation and its health effects. There is a well-established discrepancy between fact-based risk assessments and public perception of different risks. This is very much the case with nuclear power, and this is clearly highlighted in Figure 1, with laypersons ranking nuclear power as the highest risk out of 30 activities and technologies, with experts ranking nuclear as 20th. In many ways, popular culture’s depiction of radiation has played a role in ensuring that this discrepancy has remained,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bf248ce5194cc4686f97a2769cd9744a">
|
||||
Rank Order
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<table class="Table" id="fe081bc8fc80f0df977f46493f0e9430" style="border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse">
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
<td style="border:1px solid black">
|
||||
Laypersons Experts 1 Nuclear power 20 2 Motor vehicles 1 3 Handguns 4 4 Smoking 2 17 Electric power (non-nuclear) 9 22 X-rays 7 30 Vaccinations 25
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="a6b2ef41c3420b21165799903ccece40">
|
||||
Figure 1. Ordering of perceived risks for 30 activities and technologies1,iii
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="6a806ec2935a7f5da409a3f892006982">
|
||||
be it Godzilla, The Incredible Hulk, or The Simpsons, which regularly plays on the notion of radiation from nuclear power plants causing three-eyed fish, something that has been firmly rejected as unscientific.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b794118cfefdf05953a1eab3ecb49928">
|
||||
In reality, radiation is a natural part of life; indeed, we are all exposed to radiation every day, on average receiving 2-3 millisieverts (mSv) per year. Most of this radiation is naturally occurring, with radon gas from the ground being the main source of exposure. The nuclear industry is responsible for a very small part of radiation exposure to the public, as seen in Figure 2. To put this into perspective, eating 10 bananas or two Brazil nuts results in the same radiation dose as living nearby a nuclear power plant for a year. Humans are also naturally radioactive, and the radiation dose from sleeping next to someone else each night for a year is ten times higher than the exposure from living nearby a nuclear power plant for the same time span.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="60d4e572d6bfa2687304ba3b28f12fcf">
|
||||
In fact, scientific consensus is that when it comes to preventing exposure to radiation, nuclear power is much better than other electricity generators. A 2016 reportiii from the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) found that coal-generated electricity is responsible for more than half of the total global radiation exposure arising from electricity generation, while nuclear power contributed less than a fifth. Coal miners received high occupational exposure and workers in solar and wind farms received the highest occupational exposure associated with plant construction for the same amount of installed capacity.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9600ead8e685b080a9ae84455b6be4f9">
|
||||
1 The original study was published in 1978, but its findings have been confirmed by numerous studies since.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="Natural Artificial 48% Radon 11% Medicine 14% Buildings & soil 0.4% Fallout 12% Food & water 0.4% Miscellaneous 10% Cosmic 0.2% Occupational 4% Thoron 0.04% Nuclear discharges " class="Image" id="695e4e06071f6ed026e30f329659adff"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="9add7e245b0191530386fcf00bb218df">
|
||||
Figure 2. Global average exposure from different sources of radiation
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e9a9edcbe70d12be56e6947010012f76">
|
||||
Fossil fuels – currently accounting for around 81% of total energy supplyiv – cause significant levels of emissions in terms of both greenhouse gases and air pollutants. Despite the serious and ongoing health and environmental harms caused by air pollution, it is often considered to be an inevitable consequence of economic development. Air pollution’s contribution to the burden of disease is profound, with an estimated 8.7 million people dying worldwide prematurely in 2018 alonev,vi. Despite this, it fails to induce the same fears and anxieties in people as nuclear energy does.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="b8ec2beffbf0ae3c620edbc5288b5e7f">
|
||||
In terms of accidents, hydropower is the deadliest electricity generator, mostly due to collapsing dams and the consequences of flooding. The Banqiao Dam failure in 1975 led to at least 26,000 people drowning, and as many as 150,000 deaths resulting from the secondary effects of the accident. In comparison, radiation exposure following Chernobyl caused 54 deaths2, while no casualties due to radiation are likely to occur from the accident at Fukushima Daiichi.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="25 24.6 20 18.4 e 15 10 5 4.6 2.8 0 Coal Oil Bio m ass Natural gas 0.07 Wind 0.04 Hydropower 0.02 Solar 0.01 Nuclear " class="Image" id="c0a86e51afb417a3b057d7cf101bbed6"/>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a8706e82b3f90cffc996a24348e3b670">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="da631c23500655c51b9311a61f55744f">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
8
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="392a17b2f3eba46f4bcf078e0b204514">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
l
|
||||
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|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="9dc4537afa8ae0b959a542f9ba5c1e03">
|
||||
S
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="919dac2487a4c860747318a132a54a72">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="04ee5d05c3fcfffd945762e803478600">
|
||||
t
|
||||
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|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="63dabde368e2cf310d20a885fe50314a">
|
||||
a
|
||||
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|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="796538927664e4d87312c428469428f5">
|
||||
F
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="d1496d2dc28f6877646e280c0c47e9ab">
|
||||
Figure 3. Comparison of number of fatalities due to electricity generation, including accidents and air pollution3
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="76619db169f10599a1fb73a13fdebafb">
|
||||
Contrary to perceptions, nuclear is an incredibly safe source of energy (see Figure 3 for a comparison). What is also clear is that the continued use of alternative energy sources in preference to nuclear energy – in particular fossil fuels – poses a far greater risk to public health by significantly contributing to climate change and air pollution.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="ffdd87176fddbe78d853186bf86602ea">
|
||||
2 Including 28 firefighters that were exposed to lethal amounts of radiation during the accident night, and 15 fatal cases of thyroid cancer. 3 Sources drawn upon: Markandya, A., & Wilkinson, P. (2007), Sovacool et al. (2016). Data for nuclear accidents modified to reflect the 2012 UNSCEAR report and the 2015 US NRC SOARCA study.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="8d78bc83fa3b857721631a0491d6039b">
|
||||
3
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="e754a2849dac122e7d2e05447f0da512">
|
||||
4
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="21b4c32e6d360d1d70e59dad888e306d">
|
||||
The low-dose question
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="26e60e901d12cbb5efb851fe945a3f96">
|
||||
Since the 1950s, the Linear No-Threshold (LNT) theory has been used to inform regulatory decisions, positing that any dose of radiation, regardless of the amount or the duration over which it is received, poses a risk. Assuming that LNT is correct, we should expect to see that people living in areas of the world where background doses are higher (e.g. India, Iran and northern Europe) have a higher incidence of cancer. However, despite people living in areas of the world where radiation doses are naturally higher than those that would be received in parts of the evacuation zones around Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi, there is no evidence that these populations exhibit any negative health effects. Living nearby a nuclear power plant on average exposes the local population to 0.00009mSv/year, which according to LNT would increase the risk of developing cancer by 0.00000045%. After Chernobyl, the average dose to those evacuated was 30mSv, which would theoretically increase the risk of cancer at some point in their lifetime by 0.15% (on top of the average baseline lifetime risk of cancer, which is 39.5% in the USviii, 50% in the UKix).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="31d07d8c2dce96dc1c6daa38f8597ab5">
|
||||
Since the 1980s, there has been considerable scientific debate as to whether the LNT theory is valid, following scientific breakthroughs within, for example, radiobiology and medicine. Indeed, the Chernobyl accident helped illuminate some of the issues associated with LNT. Multiplication of the low doses after the accident (many far too low to be of any health concern) with large populations – using the assumptions made by LNT – led to a large number of predicted cancer deaths, which have not, and likely will not materialize. This practice has been heavily criticized for being inappropriate in making risk assessments by UNSCEAR, the International Commission on Radiation Protection and a large number of independent scientists.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4fb06aef292d07a36339c830eb23c8b5">
|
||||
Determining the precise risk (or lack thereof) of the extremely small radiation doses associated with the routine operations of nuclear power plants, the disposal of nuclear waste or even extremely rare nuclear accidents is a purely academic exercise, that tries to determine whether the risk is extremely low, too small to detect, or non- existent. The risks of low-level radiation pale in comparison to other societal risks such as obesity, smoking, and air pollution.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1d9fdadf74d73e63be2e683b0a73d86d">
|
||||
By looking at radiation risks in isolation, we prolong the over-regulation of radiation in nuclear plants, driving up costs, whilst not delivering any additional health benefits, in turn incentivising the use of more harmful energy sources. A recalibration is required, and this can only done by ensuring a holistic approach to risk is taken.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="31e685f786964a09b167a0fb68c01973"/>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="d3b1c14b00a459af4d32459678203328">
|
||||
Adopting an all-hazards approach
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4ab8051907907017f78ae83e1b95dc07">
|
||||
Contemporary debates around nuclear energy often reflect the precautionary principle, a problematic concept applied across a range of regulatory and policy issues. A ‘strong’ interpretation of the precautionary principle, or a ‘as low as possible’ approach to risk, dictates that regulation is required whenever there is a potential adverse health risk, even if the evidence is not certain and regardless of the cost of regulation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="bac4e8745150c829821f40387f9107c6">
|
||||
The overall regulatory philosophy, at least theoretically, used in the nuclear industry is the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle, where any regulatory action on radiation should account for socio- economic benefits and costs, as opposed to making decisions based on radiation risks alone.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4ea8f70af2d39cae9f63fce0ea7165f1">
|
||||
However, the regulatory process and the policy debate around nuclear more broadly has long departed from the ALARA principle, no longer weighing cost versus benefits, or considering the overall advantages of nuclear energy, but rather looking at radiation in isolation. This has resulted in a subtle shift towards an ‘as low as possible’ mentality. Attempting to reduce radiation far below de facto safe levels has resulted in an escalation of costs and loss of public confidence, and in some cases has deprived communities of the many benefits nuclear energy provides. In practical terms, this has led to the continued use of more harmful energy sources, such as fossil fuels.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="17f00667e4e913d53d1deec4900e13f2">
|
||||
If the potential of nuclear energy is to be fully realized, public health and safety approaches must be recalibrated to consider a wider range of factors when considering radiation, adopting an “all-hazards” approach. Such an approach must ensure that risks are placed within a proper perspective and context, rather than looking at them in isolation. We therefore must not look at the costs – be they economic, environmental, or public health – associated with an individual power plant in isolation, but rather the costs associated with it (and its alternatives) at a societal level (Figure 4). This would entail looking at the potential risks arising from the use of nuclear power and comparing these with the risks associated with not adopting nuclear power.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="Plant-level Social and production costs Grid-level costs environmental costs of at market prices of the electricity emissions, land-use, system climate change, security of supply, etc. " class="Image" id="96aca413098163140d5213641ae01231"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="a4c9c9c3c416898e4ba9df7c3a3e31ac">
|
||||
Figure 4. The different levels of cost associated with electricity generationx
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4d355be258d489a707dfd634ea0f8810">
|
||||
A more holistic regulatory process would be required, in which regulators move away from being siloed, looking at specific risks in isolation, with little regard for the greater picture. The move towards an all-hazard, holistic approach would require greater coordination between regulators, ensuring that the combined risks of a specific nuclear project are weighed against the risks posed by not advancing said project.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9c79edb1b3d13f851f56559d7d3046a8">
|
||||
Equally, the adoption of an all-hazards approach means regulators should consider declaring when a risk is too low to be a public health concern, in line with what the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission attempted to do with its Below Regulatory Concern policy statements in the 1980s and early 1990s. In the context of nuclear power, this means departing from the notion that LNT instils of no safe level of radiation, and adopting a regulatory framework which notes the impossibility of eradicating risks. Failing to do so will result in excessive regulation that continues to limit the full potential of nuclear power in tackling climate change and sees a continued reliance on objectively more harmful energy sources.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="4fa08c2ba2738ea62be41b466b794caa">
|
||||
5
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="eeae015ec524f1b1bb0f7ac376a2090b">
|
||||
6
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="b9eaa26361e53e6e430494de5febf1b1">
|
||||
Recalibrating the risk conversation
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d4b3fedebdff5b1fbae81fce93b964b2">
|
||||
By looking at radiation risks in isolation, we have created something akin to a “radiation phobia”, that both directly and indirectly harms people around the world. For instance, it is well established that the vast majority of health impacts from Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi were not radiological, but rather psychosocial. There has been an observable and dramatic increase in depression, PTSD, substance abuse, and suicides following these events, which can be significantly attributed to the dissonance between the actual and perceived risks of radiation, and the stigmatization they caused.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f71d9a617fd81ca5b4e4fd8070b56548">
|
||||
Similarly, many of the tremendous challenges the global community faces are significantly driven by this “radiation phobia”. Indeed, several of these issues have been considerably exacerbated by the fact that certain risks are given a disproportionate amount of focus, whereas others are de facto ignored. The global conversation around climate change is a prime example of this. The historical use of fossil fuels has contributed significantly to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions, causing unprecedented changes in the liveability of the Earth. By 2025, half of the world’s population will be living in water-stressed areas, as extreme heat and droughts are exacerbating water resources. Between 2030 and 2050, climate change is expected to be the cause of an additional 250,000 deaths per year, arising from malnutrition, malaria, diarrhoea and heat stressx. Yet, despite the huge risks associated with climate change, our addiction to coal, oil, and fossil gas remains, with fossil fuels providing 84% of global primary energy in 2019xii. The continued prioritization of fossil fuels at the expense of nuclear energy results in a considerable increase in the risks posed by climate change.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="482fb91e0e9646a1ad97fe9881ff6053"/>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="b0197950e1af5c2aac10f5b67d61524a"/>
|
||||
<p class="FigureCaption" id="83578f6774acfda63a6aeaba61c1338b">
|
||||
Equally, it is well established that living without access to electricity results in illness and death around the world, caused by everything from not having access to modern healthcare to household air pollution. As of today, 770 million people around the world do not have access to electricity, with over 75% of that population living in Sub-Saharan Africa. The world's poorest 4 billion people consume a mere 5% of the energy used in developed economies, and we need to find ways of delivering reliable electricity to the entire human population in a fashion that is sustainable. Household and ambient air pollution causes 8.7 million deaths each year, largely because of the continued use of fossil fuels. Widespread electrification is a key tool for delivering a just energy transition. Investment in nuclear, has become an urgent necessity. Discarding it, based on risk perceptions divorced from science, would be to abandon the moral obligation to ensure affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy for every community around the world.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="c15d25fbb31fbdcee08859ae84555ead"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="868eb20ec9d28b0559f28d7b22f4b3af">
|
||||
Clearly, we have reached a point where we must establish a new conversation about the relative risks of using nuclear, especially when risks created by other energy sources are considered. We cannot address many of the global challenges we face without a significant increase in the use of nuclear energy. The detrimental effects of decades of looking at nuclear risks in isolation highlights just how crucial it is that regulators and policymakers change the way they view nuclear energy, and transition towards an all-hazards approach, ensuring that actions taken to mitigate risks do not result in creating more severe risks.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="2b6ea4cb3cdceb2bb69833c7fecedca7">
|
||||
We must begin to holistically look at the severity of the consequences of maintaining the current energy production system, many of which are irreversible. The ways in which we address climate change and other issues of global importance must be sustainable and not create new hazards down the line. The reality is that nuclear has always been and remains an exceptionally safe source of energy, representing the lowest risk, the most sustainable, and the most affordable ways to generate around-the-clock electricity.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="a9903d695f11dc8e87d1a35cfd2673c0">
|
||||
Therefore, World Nuclear Association calls upon policymakers and regulators to adopt an all-hazards approach, where different risks associated with energy producing technologies are placed in perspective and the appropriate context, and examined in line with the latest scientific evidence. Policymakers and regulators must ensure that their decisions regarding radiation protection do not create greater risks elsewhere. This include the recalibration of existing regulations regarding nuclear power and radiation, weighing the cost of regulatory measures against the societal benefits provided by nuclear energy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="" class="Image" id="c48fc44c56f9a43d02304448e8b717ad"/>
|
||||
<div class="Footer" id="81e1362c9dfb3e04603ba076f6384c1b">
|
||||
7
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="Header" id="254ec884050f824b4524f53a2693f685">
|
||||
8
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="3d819f053bf67ec228cf8c23aca02ac7">
|
||||
References
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="59f05d231c2357ab111ee31b0da3c25d">
|
||||
World Health Organization (2020). Road traffic injuries. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/ detail/road-traffic-injuries
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="a95a2add68d668b944cc332c88ea721e">
|
||||
i
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2ab37467d413d491735b002a679afdb8">
|
||||
ii BBC (2020). Plane crash fatalities fell more than 50% in 2019. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/ business-50953712
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="1eed7cbdb8d1de7a460e08217dd4c5c4">
|
||||
Slovic, P., 2010. The Psychology of risk. Saúde e Sociedade, 19(4), pp. 731-747.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2c1956254dae0592c70f445f8c8973c3">
|
||||
iv United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Radiation (2016). Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Accessed from: https://www.unscear.org/docs/publications/2016/ UNSCEAR_2016_GA-Report-CORR.pdf
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="f8c502221064df965c932a0b76e0717b">
|
||||
v International Energy Agency (2020). Global share of total energy supply by source, 2018. Key World Energy Statistics 2020. Available at: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-share-of-total-energy-supply-by- source-2018
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="deb6d3d9e6eae5a2256fbc12db133555">
|
||||
vi Vohra, K., Vodonos, A., Schwartz, J., Marais, E., Sulprizio, M., & Mickley, L. (2021). Global mortality from outdoor fine particle pollution generated by fossil fuel combustion: Results from GEOS-Chem. Environmental Research, 195, p. 1-8
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="0754024aff3f7b1e2850b689e180fc7f">
|
||||
vii World Health Organization. (2016). Updated tables 2016 for ‘Preventing disease through health environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks’. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/gho/ data/themes/public-health-and-environment [Accessed on 8 April 2021]
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="84953aabe78d95937c2bde298a8655c7">
|
||||
viii National Cancer Institute (2020). Cancer statistics. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/ understanding/statistics
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="1f4fb7cb0ed3eb56bc1b0c4a36c5885a">
|
||||
ix Cancer Research UK (n.d.). Cancer risk statistics. Available at: https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health- professional/cancer-statistics/risk
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="eae4cdbbf622c9a2885b4585f9c8f115">
|
||||
x OECD-NEA (2019). The Full Costs of Electricity Provision. Available at: https://www.oecd-nea.org/jcms/pl_14998/ the-full-costs-of-electricity-provision?details=true
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="04bb02d84ab3e401a668eb44fd8d676c">
|
||||
xi World Health Organization (2018). Climate change and health. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact- sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="2e6ca48a0339d0bc72e7cc00dd922b7f">
|
||||
xii BP, 2020. BP Statistical Review of World Energy, London: BP.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="e7dbdcca2a70adc904aab19790ef9d50">
|
||||
Photo credits: Front cover & pages 1, 4, 6 left, 7 bottom: Adobe Stock; page 6 right: Getty Images; page 7 top: Uniper.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="48dae8ac77cc653df8fe46ca706c1931">
|
||||
World Nuclear Association Tower House 10 Southampton Street London WC2E 7HA United Kingdom
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="7ac9948c40759d5a7c1a2dbe870ca322">
|
||||
+44 (0)20 7451 1520 www.world-nuclear.org info@world-nuclear.org
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f133df66727c328c27d3b8184204f864">
|
||||
World Nuclear Association is the international organization that represents the global nuclear industry. Its mission is to promote a wider understanding of nuclear energy among key international influencers by producing authoritative information, developing common industry positions, and contributing to the energy debate.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<img alt="contributing to the energy debate." class="Image" id="5b875f4e450a92d95cbcf868d76ab04e"/>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="dfaec74062af8b1e913079272ee13f49">
|
||||
Recalibrating risk © 2021 World Nuclear Association. Registered in England and Wales, company number 01215741
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+17
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="UncategorizedText" id="cc23ac9998df1db62b795ec4e5133ab0">
|
||||
Title
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="9cf7b2535e79eeadfe65a5906eb35f28">
|
||||
This is a good reason to continue
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+17
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="7997025526d4d565f2442e6c10be4c3d">
|
||||
Call with Testing Ipsum
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1111265d062cb14df259b8a212466554">
|
||||
<div style="" dir="auto" data-top-level="true"><p style="margin:0;">Log discussing details on call done with Testing Ipsum contact at 5:00pm.</p></div>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+17
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="c0def31728796aed183f6dfbf3d9427a">
|
||||
Call with Brian Halligan (Sample Contact)
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="d032578e24d79543c9d3ff19c4e28e0b">
|
||||
<p>Sample call with sample contact. This is <strong>a line with rich formatted text.</strong></p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="1d6962febddd077e744ea3fbe536c401">
|
||||
<div style="" dir="auto" data-top-level="true"><p style="margin:0;">Hello, this is a message to remind you to call me later today. </p></div>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="4fcb37fab7354ef2e311ac36e15c18f1">
|
||||
<div style="" dir="auto" data-top-level="true"><p style="margin:0;">Call completed. Suggested scheduling a more formal meeting.</p></div>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+32
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="943c829d21e33f9ec66889a65c0c03d6">
|
||||
Contacted support (https://www.google.com/) for this issue. These are the findings:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="daa2adf80f23aa93a06c6eb2ab1cfd7d">
|
||||
Formatted text with highlights
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="640a23a31e80a6767925f02d87f59f5b">
|
||||
Optional bullet point
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="5fb455e34e526910860e23ac214648af">
|
||||
Additionally:
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="cf41ec670335cb9ac0b2a386ecb56c07">
|
||||
1. These
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="48ac7709f471590bfdd65aeedb031601">
|
||||
2. Are numbered
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="ListItem" id="fd8fdb53c2f0eeccf4db8da0a4d7a979">
|
||||
3. Points on a list.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="50fe8dc3fbba3d0e84ac72c01a271ec0">
|
||||
<div style="" dir="auto" data-top-level="true"><p style="margin:0;">This is a test document to use for unit tests.</p><p style="margin:0;">Doylestown, PA 18901</p><p style="margin:0;">Important points:</p><ul><li><p style="margin:0;">Hamburgers are delicious</p></li><li><p style="margin:0;">Dogs are the best</p></li><li><p style="margin:0;">I love fuzzy blankets</p></li></ul><br></div>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
+26
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<p class="NarrativeText" id="f63f01fb19b2422ca6495971aadc7561">
|
||||
Example product description. This is a text containing relevant information pertaining to ProductA. The text represents a non-existing product created as sample data for testing purposes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="fed6cc72720b0209ce80f90bae2876e4">
|
||||
opt2-value;Option3
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="bb4bc852ab975791f03c2b872b9b2537">
|
||||
opt2-value;Option3
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="ed14f7a0108b5a2d056d5b2857c3ba92">
|
||||
opt2-value;Option3
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
<h1 class="Title" id="20831e04cc99732c76e4ab3df1b4bc45">
|
||||
opt2-value;Option3
|
||||
</h1>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show More
Reference in New Issue
Block a user