"""html2text: Turn HTML into equivalent Markdown-structured text."""
import html.entities
import html.parser
import re
import string
import urllib.parse as urlparse
from textwrap import wrap
from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
from . import config
from ._typing import OutCallback
from .elements import AnchorElement, ListElement
from .utils import (
dumb_css_parser,
element_style,
escape_md,
escape_md_section,
google_fixed_width_font,
google_has_height,
google_list_style,
google_text_emphasis,
hn,
list_numbering_start,
pad_tables_in_text,
skipwrap,
unifiable_n,
)
__version__ = (2024, 2, 26)
# TODO:
# Support decoded entities with UNIFIABLE.
class HTML2Text(html.parser.HTMLParser):
def __init__(
self,
out: Optional[OutCallback] = None,
baseurl: str = "",
bodywidth: int = config.BODY_WIDTH,
) -> None:
"""
Input parameters:
out: possible custom replacement for self.outtextf (which
appends lines of text).
baseurl: base URL of the document we process
"""
super().__init__(convert_charrefs=False)
# Config options
self.split_next_td = False
self.td_count = 0
self.table_start = False
self.unicode_snob = config.UNICODE_SNOB # covered in cli
self.escape_snob = config.ESCAPE_SNOB # covered in cli
self.escape_backslash = config.ESCAPE_BACKSLASH # covered in cli
self.escape_dot = config.ESCAPE_DOT # covered in cli
self.escape_plus = config.ESCAPE_PLUS # covered in cli
self.escape_dash = config.ESCAPE_DASH # covered in cli
self.links_each_paragraph = config.LINKS_EACH_PARAGRAPH
self.body_width = bodywidth # covered in cli
self.skip_internal_links = config.SKIP_INTERNAL_LINKS # covered in cli
self.inline_links = config.INLINE_LINKS # covered in cli
self.protect_links = config.PROTECT_LINKS # covered in cli
self.google_list_indent = config.GOOGLE_LIST_INDENT # covered in cli
self.ignore_links = config.IGNORE_ANCHORS # covered in cli
self.ignore_mailto_links = config.IGNORE_MAILTO_LINKS # covered in cli
self.ignore_images = config.IGNORE_IMAGES # covered in cli
self.images_as_html = config.IMAGES_AS_HTML # covered in cli
self.images_to_alt = config.IMAGES_TO_ALT # covered in cli
self.images_with_size = config.IMAGES_WITH_SIZE # covered in cli
self.ignore_emphasis = config.IGNORE_EMPHASIS # covered in cli
self.bypass_tables = config.BYPASS_TABLES # covered in cli
self.ignore_tables = config.IGNORE_TABLES # covered in cli
self.google_doc = False # covered in cli
self.ul_item_mark = "*" # covered in cli
self.emphasis_mark = "_" # covered in cli
self.strong_mark = "**"
self.single_line_break = config.SINGLE_LINE_BREAK # covered in cli
self.use_automatic_links = config.USE_AUTOMATIC_LINKS # covered in cli
self.hide_strikethrough = False # covered in cli
self.mark_code = config.MARK_CODE
self.wrap_list_items = config.WRAP_LIST_ITEMS # covered in cli
self.wrap_links = config.WRAP_LINKS # covered in cli
self.wrap_tables = config.WRAP_TABLES
self.pad_tables = config.PAD_TABLES # covered in cli
self.default_image_alt = config.DEFAULT_IMAGE_ALT # covered in cli
self.tag_callback = None
self.open_quote = config.OPEN_QUOTE # covered in cli
self.close_quote = config.CLOSE_QUOTE # covered in cli
self.include_sup_sub = config.INCLUDE_SUP_SUB # covered in cli
if out is None:
self.out = self.outtextf
else:
self.out = out
# empty list to store output characters before they are "joined"
self.outtextlist: List[str] = []
self.quiet = 0
self.p_p = 0 # number of newline character to print before next output
self.outcount = 0
self.start = True
self.space = False
self.a: List[AnchorElement] = []
self.astack: List[Optional[Dict[str, Optional[str]]]] = []
self.maybe_automatic_link: Optional[str] = None
self.empty_link = False
self.absolute_url_matcher = re.compile(r"^[a-zA-Z+]+://")
self.acount = 0
self.list: List[ListElement] = []
self.blockquote = 0
self.pre = False
self.startpre = False
self.code = False
self.quote = False
self.br_toggle = ""
self.lastWasNL = False
self.lastWasList = False
self.style = 0
self.style_def: Dict[str, Dict[str, str]] = {}
self.tag_stack: List[Tuple[str, Dict[str, Optional[str]], Dict[str, str]]] = []
self.emphasis = 0
self.drop_white_space = 0
self.inheader = False
# Current abbreviation definition
self.abbr_title: Optional[str] = None
# Last inner HTML (for abbr being defined)
self.abbr_data: Optional[str] = None
# Stack of abbreviations to write later
self.abbr_list: Dict[str, str] = {}
self.baseurl = baseurl
self.stressed = False
self.preceding_stressed = False
self.preceding_data = ""
self.current_tag = ""
config.UNIFIABLE["nbsp"] = " _place_holder;"
def update_params(self, **kwargs):
for key, value in kwargs.items():
setattr(self, key, value)
def feed(self, data: str) -> None:
data = data.replace("' + 'script>", "")
super().feed(data)
def handle(self, data: str) -> str:
self.start = True
self.feed(data)
self.feed("")
markdown = self.optwrap(self.finish())
if self.pad_tables:
return pad_tables_in_text(markdown)
else:
return markdown
def outtextf(self, s: str) -> None:
self.outtextlist.append(s)
if s:
self.lastWasNL = s[-1] == "\n"
def finish(self) -> str:
self.close()
self.pbr()
self.o("", force="end")
outtext = "".join(self.outtextlist)
if self.unicode_snob:
nbsp = html.entities.html5["nbsp;"]
else:
nbsp = " "
outtext = outtext.replace(" _place_holder;", nbsp)
# Clear self.outtextlist to avoid memory leak of its content to
# the next handling.
self.outtextlist = []
return outtext
def handle_charref(self, c: str) -> None:
self.handle_data(self.charref(c), True)
def handle_entityref(self, c: str) -> None:
ref = self.entityref(c)
# ref may be an empty string (e.g. for / markers that should
# not contribute to the final output).
# self.handle_data cannot handle a zero-length string right after a
# stressed tag or mid-text within a stressed tag (text get split and
# self.stressed/self.preceding_stressed gets switched after the first
# part of that text).
if ref:
self.handle_data(ref, True)
def handle_starttag(self, tag: str, attrs: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]) -> None:
self.handle_tag(tag, dict(attrs), start=True)
def handle_endtag(self, tag: str) -> None:
self.handle_tag(tag, {}, start=False)
def previousIndex(self, attrs: Dict[str, Optional[str]]) -> Optional[int]:
"""
:type attrs: dict
:returns: The index of certain set of attributes (of a link) in the
self.a list. If the set of attributes is not found, returns None
:rtype: int
"""
if "href" not in attrs:
return None
match = False
for i, a in enumerate(self.a):
if "href" in a.attrs and a.attrs["href"] == attrs["href"]:
if "title" in a.attrs or "title" in attrs:
if (
"title" in a.attrs
and "title" in attrs
and a.attrs["title"] == attrs["title"]
):
match = True
else:
match = True
if match:
return i
return None
def handle_emphasis(
self, start: bool, tag_style: Dict[str, str], parent_style: Dict[str, str]
) -> None:
"""
Handles various text emphases
"""
tag_emphasis = google_text_emphasis(tag_style)
parent_emphasis = google_text_emphasis(parent_style)
# handle Google's text emphasis
strikethrough = "line-through" in tag_emphasis and self.hide_strikethrough
# google and others may mark a font's weight as `bold` or `700`
bold = False
for bold_marker in config.BOLD_TEXT_STYLE_VALUES:
bold = bold_marker in tag_emphasis and bold_marker not in parent_emphasis
if bold:
break
italic = "italic" in tag_emphasis and "italic" not in parent_emphasis
fixed = (
google_fixed_width_font(tag_style)
and not google_fixed_width_font(parent_style)
and not self.pre
)
if start:
# crossed-out text must be handled before other attributes
# in order not to output qualifiers unnecessarily
if bold or italic or fixed:
self.emphasis += 1
if strikethrough:
self.quiet += 1
if italic:
self.o(self.emphasis_mark)
self.drop_white_space += 1
if bold:
self.o(self.strong_mark)
self.drop_white_space += 1
if fixed:
self.o("`")
self.drop_white_space += 1
self.code = True
else:
if bold or italic or fixed:
# there must not be whitespace before closing emphasis mark
self.emphasis -= 1
self.space = False
if fixed:
if self.drop_white_space:
# empty emphasis, drop it
self.drop_white_space -= 1
else:
self.o("`")
self.code = False
if bold:
if self.drop_white_space:
# empty emphasis, drop it
self.drop_white_space -= 1
else:
self.o(self.strong_mark)
if italic:
if self.drop_white_space:
# empty emphasis, drop it
self.drop_white_space -= 1
else:
self.o(self.emphasis_mark)
# space is only allowed after *all* emphasis marks
if (bold or italic) and not self.emphasis:
self.o(" ")
if strikethrough:
self.quiet -= 1
def handle_tag(
self, tag: str, attrs: Dict[str, Optional[str]], start: bool
) -> None:
self.current_tag = tag
if self.tag_callback is not None:
if self.tag_callback(self, tag, attrs, start) is True:
return
# Handle
stuff...
data = "\n" + data
if self.mark_code:
self.out("\n[code]")
self.p_p = 0
bq = ">" * self.blockquote
if not (force and data and data[0] == ">") and self.blockquote:
bq += " "
if self.pre:
if not self.list:
bq += " "
# else: list content is already partially indented
bq += " " * len(self.list)
data = data.replace("\n", "\n" + bq)
if self.startpre:
self.startpre = False
if self.list:
# use existing initial indentation
data = data.lstrip("\n")
if self.start:
self.space = False
self.p_p = 0
self.start = False
if force == "end":
# It's the end.
self.p_p = 0
self.out("\n")
self.space = False
if self.p_p:
self.out((self.br_toggle + "\n" + bq) * self.p_p)
self.space = False
self.br_toggle = ""
if self.space:
if not self.lastWasNL:
self.out(" ")
self.space = False
if self.a and (
(self.p_p == 2 and self.links_each_paragraph) or force == "end"
):
if force == "end":
self.out("\n")
newa = []
for link in self.a:
if self.outcount > link.outcount:
self.out(
" ["
+ str(link.count)
+ "]: "
+ urlparse.urljoin(self.baseurl, link.attrs["href"])
)
if "title" in link.attrs and link.attrs["title"] is not None:
self.out(" (" + link.attrs["title"] + ")")
self.out("\n")
else:
newa.append(link)
# Don't need an extra line when nothing was done.
if self.a != newa:
self.out("\n")
self.a = newa
if self.abbr_list and force == "end":
for abbr, definition in self.abbr_list.items():
self.out(" *[" + abbr + "]: " + definition + "\n")
self.p_p = 0
self.out(data)
self.outcount += 1
def handle_data(self, data: str, entity_char: bool = False) -> None:
if not data:
# Data may be empty for some HTML entities. For example,
# LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK.
return
if self.stressed:
data = data.strip()
self.stressed = False
self.preceding_stressed = True
elif self.preceding_stressed:
if (
re.match(r"[^][(){}\s.!?]", data[0])
and not hn(self.current_tag)
and self.current_tag not in ["a", "code", "pre"]
):
# should match a letter or common punctuation
data = " " + data
self.preceding_stressed = False
if self.style:
self.style_def.update(dumb_css_parser(data))
if self.maybe_automatic_link is not None:
href = self.maybe_automatic_link
if (
href == data
and self.absolute_url_matcher.match(href)
and self.use_automatic_links
):
self.o("<" + data + ">")
self.empty_link = False
return
else:
self.o("[")
self.maybe_automatic_link = None
self.empty_link = False
if not self.code and not self.pre and not entity_char:
data = escape_md_section(
data,
snob=self.escape_snob,
escape_dot=self.escape_dot,
escape_plus=self.escape_plus,
escape_dash=self.escape_dash,
)
self.preceding_data = data
self.o(data, puredata=True)
def charref(self, name: str) -> str:
if name[0] in ["x", "X"]:
c = int(name[1:], 16)
else:
c = int(name)
if not self.unicode_snob and c in unifiable_n:
return unifiable_n[c]
else:
try:
return chr(c)
except ValueError: # invalid unicode
return ""
def entityref(self, c: str) -> str:
if not self.unicode_snob and c in config.UNIFIABLE:
return config.UNIFIABLE[c]
try:
ch = html.entities.html5[c + ";"]
except KeyError:
return "&" + c + ";"
return config.UNIFIABLE[c] if c == "nbsp" else ch
def google_nest_count(self, style: Dict[str, str]) -> int:
"""
Calculate the nesting count of google doc lists
:type style: dict
:rtype: int
"""
nest_count = 0
if "margin-left" in style:
nest_count = int(style["margin-left"][:-2]) // self.google_list_indent
return nest_count
def optwrap(self, text: str) -> str:
"""
Wrap all paragraphs in the provided text.
:type text: str
:rtype: str
"""
if not self.body_width:
return text
result = ""
newlines = 0
# I cannot think of a better solution for now.
# To avoid the non-wrap behaviour for entire paras
# because of the presence of a link in it
if not self.wrap_links:
self.inline_links = False
for para in text.split("\n"):
if len(para) > 0:
if not skipwrap(
para, self.wrap_links, self.wrap_list_items, self.wrap_tables
):
indent = ""
if para.startswith(" " + self.ul_item_mark):
# list item continuation: add a double indent to the
# new lines
indent = " "
elif para.startswith("> "):
# blockquote continuation: add the greater than symbol
# to the new lines
indent = "> "
wrapped = wrap(
para,
self.body_width,
break_long_words=False,
subsequent_indent=indent,
)
result += "\n".join(wrapped)
if para.endswith(" "):
result += " \n"
newlines = 1
elif indent:
result += "\n"
newlines = 1
else:
result += "\n\n"
newlines = 2
else:
# Warning for the tempted!!!
# Be aware that obvious replacement of this with
# line.isspace()
# DOES NOT work! Explanations are welcome.
if not config.RE_SPACE.match(para):
result += para + "\n"
newlines = 1
else:
if newlines < 2:
result += "\n"
newlines += 1
return result
def html2text(html: str, baseurl: str = "", bodywidth: Optional[int] = None) -> str:
if bodywidth is None:
bodywidth = config.BODY_WIDTH
h = HTML2Text(baseurl=baseurl, bodywidth=bodywidth)
return h.handle(html)
class CustomHTML2Text(HTML2Text):
def __init__(self, *args, handle_code_in_pre=False, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.inside_pre = False
self.inside_code = False
self.inside_link = False
self.preserve_tags = set() # Set of tags to preserve
self.current_preserved_tag = None
self.preserved_content = []
self.preserve_depth = 0
self.handle_code_in_pre = handle_code_in_pre
# Configuration options
self.skip_internal_links = False
self.single_line_break = False
self.mark_code = False
self.include_sup_sub = False
self.body_width = 0
self.ignore_mailto_links = True
self.ignore_links = False
self.escape_backslash = False
self.escape_dot = False
self.escape_plus = False
self.escape_dash = False
self.escape_snob = False
def update_params(self, **kwargs):
"""Update parameters and set preserved tags."""
for key, value in kwargs.items():
if key == "preserve_tags":
self.preserve_tags = set(value)
elif key == "handle_code_in_pre":
self.handle_code_in_pre = value
else:
setattr(self, key, value)
def handle_tag(self, tag, attrs, start):
# Handle tag to update base URL for relative links
# Must be handled before preserved tags since is in
if tag == "base" and start:
href = attrs.get("href") if attrs else None
if href:
self.baseurl = href
# Also let parent class handle it
return super().handle_tag(tag, attrs, start)
# Handle preserved tags
if tag in self.preserve_tags:
if start:
if self.preserve_depth == 0:
self.current_preserved_tag = tag
self.preserved_content = []
# Format opening tag with attributes
attr_str = "".join(
f' {k}="{v}"' for k, v in attrs.items() if v is not None
)
self.preserved_content.append(f"<{tag}{attr_str}>")
self.preserve_depth += 1
return
else:
self.preserve_depth -= 1
if self.preserve_depth == 0:
self.preserved_content.append(f"{tag}>")
# Output the preserved HTML block with proper spacing
preserved_html = "".join(self.preserved_content)
self.o("\n" + preserved_html + "\n")
self.current_preserved_tag = None
return
# If we're inside a preserved tag, collect all content
if self.preserve_depth > 0:
if start:
# Format nested tags with attributes
attr_str = "".join(
f' {k}="{v}"' for k, v in attrs.items() if v is not None
)
self.preserved_content.append(f"<{tag}{attr_str}>")
else:
self.preserved_content.append(f"{tag}>")
return
# Handle pre tags
if tag == "pre":
if start:
lang = attrs.get("data-language", "")
self.o(f"\n```{lang}\n") # Markdown code block start
self.inside_pre = True
else:
self.o("\n```\n") # Markdown code block end
self.inside_pre = False
elif tag == "code":
if self.inside_pre and not self.handle_code_in_pre:
# Ignore code tags inside pre blocks if handle_code_in_pre is False
return
if start:
if not self.inside_link:
self.o("`") # Only output backtick if not inside a link
self.inside_code = True
else:
if not self.inside_link:
self.o("`") # Only output backtick if not inside a link
self.inside_code = False
# If inside a link, let the parent class handle the content
if self.inside_link:
super().handle_tag(tag, attrs, start)
else:
super().handle_tag(tag, attrs, start)
def handle_data(self, data, entity_char=False):
"""Override handle_data to capture content within preserved tags."""
if self.preserve_depth > 0:
self.preserved_content.append(data)
return
if self.inside_pre:
# Output the raw content for pre blocks, including content inside code tags
self.o(data) # Directly output the data as-is (preserve newlines)
return
if self.inside_code:
# Inline code: no newlines allowed
self.o(data.replace("\n", " "))
return
# Default behavior for other tags
super().handle_data(data, entity_char)
# # Handle pre tags
# if tag == 'pre':
# if start:
# self.o('```\n')
# self.inside_pre = True
# else:
# self.o('\n```')
# self.inside_pre = False
# # elif tag in ["h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6"]:
# # pass
# else:
# super().handle_tag(tag, attrs, start)
# def handle_data(self, data, entity_char=False):
# """Override handle_data to capture content within preserved tags."""
# if self.preserve_depth > 0:
# self.preserved_content.append(data)
# return
# super().handle_data(data, entity_char)