---
title: "Kubernetes"
description: "You can self-host Trigger.dev in Kubernetes using our official Helm chart."
---

The following instructions will help you deploy Trigger.dev to Kubernetes using our official Helm chart. Make sure to read the self-hosting [overview](/self-hosting/overview) first.

As self-hosted deployments tend to have unique requirements and configurations, we don't provide specific advice for securing your deployment, scaling up, or improving reliability.

Should the burden ever get too much, we'd be happy to see you on [Trigger.dev cloud](https://trigger.dev/pricing) where we deal with these concerns for you.

**Warning:** This guide alone is unlikely to result in a production-ready deployment. Security, scaling, and reliability concerns are not fully addressed here.

## Requirements

### Prerequisites

- Kubernetes cluster 1.19+
- Helm 3.8+
- Kubectl with cluster access

### Resources

The following are minimum requirements for running the entire stack on Kubernetes:

**Cluster resources:**

- 6+ vCPU total
- 12+ GB RAM total
- Persistent volume support

**Individual components:**

- **Webapp**: 1 vCPU, 2 GB RAM
- **Supervisor**: 1 vCPU, 1 GB RAM
- **PostgreSQL**: 1 vCPU, 2 GB RAM
- **Redis**: 0.5 vCPU, 1 GB RAM
- **ClickHouse**: 1 vCPU, 2 GB RAM
- **Object Storage**: 0.5 vCPU, 1 GB RAM
- **Workers**: Depending on concurrency and machine preset

These requirements scale based on your task concurrency and can be adjusted via the `resources` section in your `values.yaml`. For example:

```yaml
webapp:
  resources:
    requests:
      cpu: 500m
      memory: 1Gi
    limits:
      cpu: 2000m
      memory: 4Gi
```

## Installation

### Quick start

1. Install with default values (for testing only):

```bash
helm upgrade -n trigger --install trigger \
  oci://ghcr.io/triggerdotdev/charts/trigger \
  --version "^4.5.0" \
  --create-namespace
```

2. Access the webapp:

```bash
kubectl port-forward svc/trigger-webapp 3040:3030 -n trigger
```

3. Open the dashboard: `http://localhost:3040`

4. Login with the magic link:

```bash
# Check the webapp logs
kubectl logs -n trigger deployment/trigger-webapp | grep -A1 "magic link"
```

## Configuration

Most values map directly to the environment variables documented in the [webapp](/self-hosting/env/webapp) and [supervisor](/self-hosting/env/supervisor) environment variable overview.

**Naming convention:**

- Environment variables use `UPPER_SNAKE_CASE`
- Helm values use `camelCase`

**Example mapping:**

```bash
# Environment variable
APP_ORIGIN=https://trigger.example.com

# Becomes Helm value
config:
  appOrigin: "https://trigger.example.com"
```

### Default values

The following commands will display the default values:

```bash
# Specific version
helm show values oci://ghcr.io/triggerdotdev/charts/trigger \
  --version "4.5.0"

# Latest v4
helm show values oci://ghcr.io/triggerdotdev/charts/trigger \
  --version "^4.5.0"
```

### Custom values

The default values are insecure and are only suitable for testing. You will need to configure your own secrets as a bare minimum.

Create a `values-custom.yaml` file to override the defaults. For example:

```yaml
# Generate new secrets with `openssl rand -hex 16`
# WARNING: You should probably use an existingSecret instead
secrets:
  enabled: true
  sessionSecret: "your-32-char-hex-secret-1"
  magicLinkSecret: "your-32-char-hex-secret-2"
  # ...

# Recommended: existingSecret, must contain at least the following keys:
# - SESSION_SECRET
# - MAGIC_LINK_SECRET
# - ENCRYPTION_KEY
# - MANAGED_WORKER_SECRET
# - OBJECT_STORE_ACCESS_KEY_ID
# - OBJECT_STORE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
secrets:
  enabled: false
  existingSecret: "your-existing-secret"

# Application URLs
config:
  appOrigin: "https://trigger.example.com"
  loginOrigin: "https://trigger.example.com"
  apiOrigin: "https://trigger.example.com"

# Resource limits
webapp:
  resources:
    requests:
      cpu: 1000m
      memory: 2Gi
    limits:
      cpu: 2000m
      memory: 4Gi

supervisor:
  resources:
    requests:
      cpu: 200m
      memory: 512Mi
    limits:
      cpu: 1000m
      memory: 2Gi
```

Deploy with your custom values:

```bash
helm upgrade -n trigger --install trigger \
  oci://ghcr.io/triggerdotdev/charts/trigger \
  --version "^4.5.0" \
  --create-namespace \
  -f values-custom.yaml
```

### Extra env

You can set extra environment variables on all services. For example:

```yaml
webapp:
  extraEnvVars:
    - name: EXTRA_ENV_VAR
      value: "extra-value"
```

### Extra annotations

You can set extra annotations on all services. For example:

```yaml
webapp:
  podAnnotations:
    "my-annotation": "my-value"
```

### External services

You can disable the built-in services and use external services instead. The chart supports both direct configuration and existing Kubernetes secrets for secure credential management.

#### PostgreSQL

**Direct configuration:**

```yaml
postgres:
  deploy: false
  external:
    databaseUrl: "postgresql://user:password@host:5432/database?schema=public"
    directUrl: "" # Optional, defaults to databaseUrl
```

**Using existing secrets (recommended):**

```yaml
postgres:
  deploy: false
  external:
    existingSecret: "postgres-credentials"
    # Optional: Use secretKeys to specify the key names in the secret
    # secretKeys:
    #   databaseUrlKey: "postgres-database-url" # default
    #   directUrlKey: "postgres-direct-url"     # default
```

#### Redis

**Direct configuration:**

```yaml
redis:
  deploy: false
  external:
    host: "my-redis.example.com"
    port: 6379
    password: "my-password"
    tls:
      enabled: true
```

**Using existing secrets (recommended):**

```yaml
redis:
  deploy: false
  external:
    host: "my-redis.example.com"
    port: 6379
    existingSecret: "redis-credentials"
    # existingSecretPasswordKey: "redis-password" # default (optional)
    tls:
      enabled: true
```

#### ClickHouse

**Direct configuration:**

```yaml
clickhouse:
  deploy: false
  external:
    host: "my-clickhouse.example.com"
    port: 8123
    username: "my-username"
    password: "my-password"
```

**Using existing secrets (recommended):**

```yaml
clickhouse:
  deploy: false
  external:
    host: "my-clickhouse.example.com"
    port: 8123
    username: "my-username"
    existingSecret: "clickhouse-credentials"
    # existingSecretKey: "clickhouse-password" # default (optional)
```

#### S3 Object Storage

**Direct configuration:**

```yaml
minio:
  deploy: false
s3:
  external:
    endpoint: "https://s3.amazonaws.com"
    accessKeyId: "my-access-key"
    secretAccessKey: "my-secret-key"
```

**Using existing secrets (recommended):**

```yaml
minio:
  deploy: false
s3:
  external:
    endpoint: "https://s3.amazonaws.com"
    existingSecret: "s3-credentials"
    # Optional: Use secretKeys to specify the key names in the secret
    # secretKeys:
    #   accessKeyIdKey: "access-key-id"     # default
    #   secretAccessKeyKey: "secret-access-key" # default
```

### PostgreSQL SSL with custom CA certificates

When connecting to PostgreSQL instances that require custom CA certificates (such as AWS RDS with SSL verification), you can mount the CA certificate as a volume and configure the webapp to use it:

```yaml
postgres:
  deploy: false
  external:
    databaseUrl: "postgresql://user:password@mydb.example.com:5432/triggerdb?schema=public&sslmode=require"
    # Alternatively, use an existing secret
    existingSecret: "postgres-credentials"
    # secretKeys:
    #   databaseUrlKey: "postgres-database-url" # default
  connection:
    sslMode: "require"

# Webapp configuration with SSL CA certificate
webapp:
  extraEnvVars:
    - name: NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS
      value: "/etc/ssl/certs/postgres-ca.crt"

  extraVolumes:
    - name: postgres-ca-cert
      secret:
        secretName: postgres-ca-secret
        items:
          - key: ca.crt
            path: postgres-ca.crt

  extraVolumeMounts:
    - name: postgres-ca-cert
      mountPath: /etc/ssl/certs
      readOnly: true
```

**Benefits:**

- No plaintext credentials in `values.yaml` or Helm releases
- Complete `DATABASE_URL` stored securely in Kubernetes secrets
- Compatible with secret management tools (External Secrets Operator, etc.)
- Follows Kubernetes security best practices

## DNS performance

For production clusters we recommend deploying [NodeLocal DNSCache](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/nodelocaldns/). DNS queries — especially to managed Postgres or Redis endpoints — can be very slow under Kubernetes' default resolver, and a node-local cache typically gives a large step change in latency and throughput across the cluster.

The default `ndots: 5` setting also forces every cluster search domain to be tried before resolving hostnames with fewer dots (the case for most external database hosts). Lowering `ndots` to `1` on the webapp and supervisor pods avoids those extra round-trips.

## Task events

By default, task events (timeline, logs, spans) are stored in PostgreSQL. For production deployments we recommend storing them in ClickHouse instead, it scales to much higher volumes and avoids unbounded growth of the `TaskEvent` table.

ClickHouse is already deployed by the chart, so no extra services are required. To enable, set `EVENT_REPOSITORY_DEFAULT_STORE` on the webapp via `extraEnvVars`:

```yaml
webapp:
  extraEnvVars:
    - name: EVENT_REPOSITORY_DEFAULT_STORE
      value: "clickhouse_v2"
```

This only affects new runs; existing runs continue to read from wherever their events were originally stored.

## Realtime streams

Realtime streams power AI-agent token streaming and run streams. They default to **v2**, backed by the bundled `s2` deployment — [s2-lite](https://s2.dev), the open-source, self-hostable S2 server. The chart deploys it with a persistent volume, so no extra services are required.

To fall back to the Redis-backed **v1** streams, set the default version to `v1`:

```yaml
s2:
  defaultStreamVersion: "v1"
```

To use a hosted S2 at [s2.dev](https://s2.dev) instead of the bundled s2-lite, disable the bundled deployment and point at your basin. Supply the access token via an existing secret:

```yaml
s2:
  deploy: false
  skipAccessTokens: false
  external:
    endpoint: "https://your-basin.b.aws.s2.dev/v1"
    existingSecret: "s2-credentials"
    existingSecretAccessTokenKey: "access-token"
  basin: "your-basin"
```

To disable realtime streams v2 entirely and use v1, set `s2.deploy: false` with no external endpoint. See `helm show values` for all `s2` options.

## Worker token

When using the default bootstrap configuration, worker creation and authentication is handled automatically. The webapp generates a worker token and makes it available to the supervisor via a shared volume.

### Bootstrap (default)

```yaml
webapp:
  bootstrap:
    enabled: true
    workerGroupName: "bootstrap"
```

### Manual

If you need to set up workers separately or use a custom token:

1. Get the worker token from the webapp logs:

```bash
kubectl logs deployment/trigger-webapp -n trigger | grep -A15 "Worker Token"
```

2. Create a secret with the token:

```bash
kubectl create secret generic worker-token \
  --from-literal=token=tr_wgt_your_token_here \
  -n trigger
```

3. Configure the supervisor to use the secret:

```yaml
supervisor:
  bootstrap:
    enabled: false
    workerToken:
      secret:
        name: "worker-token"
        key: "token"
```

## Registry setup

See the [Docker registry setup](/self-hosting/docker#registry-setup) for conceptual information. The configuration is specified in your `values.yaml`:

```yaml
# Use external registry (recommended)
registry:
  deploy: false
  # Part of deployment image ref, for example: your-registry.example.com/your-company/proj_123:20250625.1.prod
  repositoryNamespace: "your-company"
  external:
    host: "your-registry.example.com"
    port: 5000
    auth:
      enabled: true
      username: "your-username"
      password: "your-password"
```

<Note>
  The internal registry (`registry.external: false`) is experimental and requires proper TLS setup
  and additional cluster configuration. Use an external registry for production.
</Note>

## Object storage

See the [Docker object storage setup](/self-hosting/docker#object-storage) for conceptual information. The defaults will use built-in MinIO, but you can use an external S3-compatible storage. The configuration is specified in your `values.yaml`:

```yaml
# Use external S3-compatible storage
minio:
  deploy: false
  external:
    url: "https://s3.amazonaws.com"
    # or: "https://your-minio.com:9000"

# Configure credentials
secrets:
  objectStore:
    accessKeyId: "admin"
    secretAccessKey: "very-safe-password"
```

## Authentication

Authentication options are identical to the [Docker-based installation](/self-hosting/docker#authentication). The configuration is specified in your `values.yaml`:

**GitHub OAuth:**

```yaml
webapp:
  extraEnvVars:
    - name: AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID
      value: "your-github-client-id"
    - name: AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET
      value: "your-github-client-secret"
```

**Email authentication (Resend):**

```yaml
webapp:
  extraEnvVars:
    - name: EMAIL_TRANSPORT
      value: "resend"
    - name: FROM_EMAIL
      value: "noreply@yourdomain.com"
    - name: REPLY_TO_EMAIL
      value: "support@yourdomain.com"
    - name: RESEND_API_KEY
      value: "your-resend-api-key"
```

**Restricting access:**

```yaml
webapp:
  extraEnvVars:
    - name: WHITELISTED_EMAILS
      value: "^(user1@company\\.com|user2@company\\.com)$"
```

## Version locking

You can lock versions in two ways:

**Helm chart version (recommended):**

```bash
# Pin to a specific version for production
helm upgrade -n trigger --install trigger \
  oci://ghcr.io/triggerdotdev/charts/trigger \
  --version "4.5.0"

# The app version will be different from the chart version
# This is the version of the Trigger.dev webapp and supervisor
# ..and should always match your Trigger.dev CLI version
helm show chart \
  oci://ghcr.io/triggerdotdev/charts/trigger \
  --version "4.5.0" | grep appVersion
```

**Specific image tags:**

```yaml
webapp:
  image:
    tag: "v4.5.0"

supervisor:
  image:
    tag: "v4.5.0"
```

The chart version's `appVersion` field determines the default image tags. Newer image tags may be incompatible with older chart versions and vice versa.

## Troubleshooting

**Check logs:**

```bash
# Webapp logs
kubectl logs deployment/trigger-webapp -n trigger -f

# Supervisor logs
kubectl logs deployment/trigger-supervisor -n trigger -f

# All pods
kubectl logs -l app.kubernetes.io/instance=trigger -n trigger -f
```

**Check pod status:**

```bash
kubectl get pods -n trigger
kubectl describe pod <pod-name> -n trigger
```

**Start from scratch:**

```bash
# Delete the release
helm uninstall trigger -n trigger

# Delete persistent volumes (optional)
# WARNING: This will delete all your data!
kubectl delete pvc -l app.kubernetes.io/instance=trigger -n trigger

# Delete the namespace (optional)
kubectl delete namespace trigger
```

**Common issues:**

- **Magic links not working**: Check webapp logs for email delivery errors
- **Deploy fails**: Verify registry access and authentication
- **Pods stuck pending**: Describe the pod and check the events
- **Worker token issues**: Check webapp and supervisor logs for errors
- **Deploy fails with `ERROR: schema "graphile_worker" does not exist`**: See the [Docker troubleshooting](/self-hosting/docker#troubleshooting) section for details on resolving PostgreSQL SSL certificate issues that prevent Graphile Worker migrations.

See the [Docker troubleshooting](/self-hosting/docker#troubleshooting) section for more information.

## CLI usage

See the [Docker CLI usage](/self-hosting/docker#cli-usage) section, the commands are identical regardless of deployment method.

## CI / GitHub Actions

When running the CLI in a CI environment, your login profiles won't be available. Instead, you can use the `TRIGGER_API_URL` and `TRIGGER_ACCESS_TOKEN` environment
variables to point at your self-hosted instance and authenticate.

For more detailed instructions, see the [GitHub Actions guide](/github-actions).

## Telemetry

By default, the Trigger.dev webapp sends telemetry data to our servers. This data is used to improve the product and is not shared with third parties. To disable telemetry, set in your `values.yaml`:

```yaml
telemetry:
  enabled: false
```