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docs/realtime/backend/input-streams.mdx

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+---
+title: Input Streams
+sidebarTitle: Input Streams
+description: Send data into running tasks from your backend code
+---
+
+The Input Streams API allows you to send data into running Trigger.dev tasks from your backend code. This enables bidirectional communication — while [output streams](/realtime/backend/streams) let you read data from tasks, input streams let you push data into them.
+
+<Note>
+  To learn how to receive input stream data inside your tasks, see [Input
+  Streams](/tasks/streams#input-streams) in the Streams doc.
+</Note>
+
+<Tip>
+  Input streams are keyed by `runId` — they're correct for sending data to a specific live run. If you need a bidirectional channel that survives run boundaries (e.g. a chat that resumes tomorrow, an agent coordinated across many runs), look at [`chat.agent`](/ai-chat/overview): it's built on a durable Session row that owns its runs and exposes the same consumer-side API (`on` / `once` / `wait` / `waitWithIdleTimeout`) on its `.in` channel.
+</Tip>
+
+## Sending data to a running task
+
+### Using defined input streams (Recommended)
+
+The recommended approach is to use [defined input streams](/tasks/streams#defining-input-streams) for full type safety:
+
+```ts
+import { cancelSignal, approval } from "./trigger/streams";
+
+// Cancel a running AI stream
+await cancelSignal.send(runId, { reason: "User clicked stop" });
+
+// Approve a draft
+await approval.send(runId, { approved: true, reviewer: "alice@example.com" });
+```
+
+The `.send()` method is fully typed — the data parameter must match the generic type you defined on the input stream.
+
+<Note>
+  `.send()` works the same regardless of how the task is listening — whether it uses `.wait()`
+  (suspending), `.once()` (non-suspending), or `.on()` (continuous). The sender doesn't need to know
+  how the task is consuming the data. See [Input Streams](/tasks/streams#input-streams) for details on each
+  receiving method.
+</Note>
+
+## Practical examples
+
+### Cancel from a Next.js API route
+
+```ts app/api/cancel/route.ts
+import { cancelStream } from "@/trigger/streams";
+
+export async function POST(req: Request) {
+  const { runId } = await req.json();
+
+  await cancelStream.send(runId, { reason: "User clicked stop" });
+
+  return Response.json({ cancelled: true });
+}
+```
+
+### Approval workflow API
+
+```ts app/api/approve/route.ts
+import { approval } from "@/trigger/streams";
+
+export async function POST(req: Request) {
+  const { runId, approved, reviewer } = await req.json();
+
+  await approval.send(runId, {
+    approved,
+    reviewer,
+  });
+
+  return Response.json({ success: true });
+}
+```
+
+### Remix action handler
+
+```ts app/routes/api.approve.ts
+import { json, type ActionFunctionArgs } from "@remix-run/node";
+import { approval } from "~/trigger/streams";
+
+export async function action({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) {
+  const formData = await request.formData();
+  const runId = formData.get("runId") as string;
+  const approved = formData.get("approved") === "true";
+  const reviewer = formData.get("reviewer") as string;
+
+  await approval.send(runId, { approved, reviewer });
+
+  return json({ success: true });
+}
+```
+
+### Express handler
+
+```ts
+import express from "express";
+import { cancelSignal } from "./trigger/streams";
+
+const app = express();
+app.use(express.json());
+
+app.post("/api/cancel", async (req, res) => {
+  const { runId, reason } = req.body;
+
+  await cancelSignal.send(runId, { reason });
+
+  res.json({ cancelled: true });
+});
+```
+
+### Sending from another task
+
+You can send input stream data from one task to another running task:
+
+```ts
+import { task } from "@trigger.dev/sdk";
+import { approval } from "./streams";
+
+export const reviewerTask = task({
+  id: "auto-reviewer",
+  run: async (payload: { targetRunId: string }) => {
+    // Perform automated review logic...
+    const isApproved = await performReview();
+
+    // Send approval to the waiting task
+    await approval.send(payload.targetRunId, {
+      approved: isApproved,
+      reviewer: "auto-reviewer",
+    });
+  },
+});
+```
+
+## Error handling
+
+The `.send()` method will throw if:
+
+- The run has already completed, failed, or been canceled
+- The payload exceeds the 1MB size limit
+- The run ID is invalid
+
+```ts
+import { cancelSignal } from "./trigger/streams";
+
+try {
+  await cancelSignal.send(runId, { reason: "User clicked stop" });
+} catch (error) {
+  console.error("Failed to send:", error);
+  // Handle the error — the run may have already completed
+}
+```
+
+## Important notes
+
+- Maximum payload size per `.send()` call is **1MB**
+- You cannot send data to a completed, failed, or canceled run
+- Data sent before a listener is registered inside the task is **buffered** and delivered when a listener attaches
+- Input streams require the current streams implementation (v2 is the default in SDK 4.1.0+). See [Streams](/tasks/streams) for details.