chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution

search/interpolation_search2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/**
+ * \file
+ * \brief [Interpolation
+ * search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpolation_search) algorithm
+ */
+#include <iostream>
+
+/** function to search the value in an array using interpolation search
+ * \param [in] arr array to search in
+ * \param [in] value value to search for
+ * \param [in] len length of array
+ * \returns index where the value is found
+ * \returns -1 if not found
+ */
+int InterpolationSearch(int A[], int n, int x) {
+    int low = 0;
+    int high = n - 1;
+    while (low <= high) {
+        int mid = low + (((high - 1) * (x - A[low])) / (A[high] - A[low]));
+        if (x == A[mid])
+            return mid;  // Found x, return (exit)
+        else if (x < A[mid])
+            high = mid - 1;  // X lies before mid
+        else
+            low = mid + 1;  // x lies after mid
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/** main function */
+int main() {
+    int A[] = {2, 4, 5, 7, 13, 14, 15, 23};
+    int x = 17;
+
+    ///< passed array A inside the InterpolationSearch function
+    int index = InterpolationSearch(A, 8, x);
+    if (index < 0)
+        std::cout << "Number " << x << " not found" << std::endl;
+    else
+        std::cout << "Number " << x << " is at " << index << std::endl;
+}
+
+// randomly set x bcoz array was defined by us , therefore not reasonable for
+// asking input. We could have asked for input if array elements were inputed by
+// the user.