--- title: Cache Storage API Calls impact: LOW-MEDIUM impactDescription: 减少昂贵的 I/O 操作 tags: javascript, localStorage, storage, caching, performance --- ## Cache Storage API Calls `localStorage`、`sessionStorage`和`document.cookie`是同步且开销昂贵的操作。将读取结果缓存在内存中。 **错误做法(每次调用都读取存储):** ```typescript function getTheme() { return localStorage.getItem('theme') ?? 'light' } // 调用 10 次 = 10 次存储读取 ``` **正确做法(Map 缓存):** ```typescript const storageCache = new Map() function getLocalStorage(key: string) { if (!storageCache.has(key)) { storageCache.set(key, localStorage.getItem(key)) } return storageCache.get(key) } function setLocalStorage(key: string, value: string) { localStorage.setItem(key, value) storageCache.set(key, value) // 保持缓存同步 } ``` 使用 Map(而非 hook),使其在任何地方都能工作:工具函数、事件处理器,不限于 React 组件。 **Cookie 缓存:** ```typescript let cookieCache: Record | null = null function getCookie(name: string) { if (!cookieCache) { cookieCache = Object.fromEntries( document.cookie.split('; ').map(c => c.split('=')) ) } return cookieCache[name] } ``` **重要事项(外部变更时失效):** 如果存储可能被外部修改(另一个标签页、服务端设置的 Cookie),使缓存失效: ```typescript window.addEventListener('storage', (e) => { if (e.key) storageCache.delete(e.key) }) document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', () => { if (document.visibilityState === 'visible') { storageCache.clear() } })