promptfoo--promptfoo/site/docs/red-team/plugins/harmbench.md

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HarmBench	Red team LLM safety using HarmBench's 400 harmful behavior tests, with filters for specific semantic and functional categories

HarmBench Plugin

The HarmBench plugin uses the HarmBench dataset published by the Center for AI Safety to test LLM responses to harmful prompts. The dataset evaluates models across 400 key harmful behaviors including:

• Chemical and biological threats (e.g., dangerous substances, weapons)
• Illegal activities (e.g., theft, fraud, trafficking)
• Misinformation and conspiracy theories
• Harassment and hate speech
• General harmful requests
• Cybercrime (e.g., malware, system exploitation)
• Copyright violations

Unlike many of our other plugins, the HarmBench plugin uses a statically generated dataset vs dynamically generating cases such as those for Harmful behavior detection (which was partially based on HarmBench's classifications for harmful behavior), excessive agency, hallucination and others. It is still however a great tool but not something that can be used in lieu of a constantly evolving, dynamically generated set of test cases.

Configuration

To include the HarmBench plugin in your LLM red teaming setup:

redteam:
  plugins:
    - harmbench

You can control the number of test cases using the numTests parameter:

redteam:
  plugins:
    - id: harmbench
      numTests: 25 # The default is 5, but you can define the limit here.

Filtering by Category

You can run a subset of HarmBench by filtering the dataset's semantic categories:

redteam:
  plugins:
    - id: harmbench
      numTests: 20
      config:
        categories:
          - cybercrime_intrusion
          - misinformation_disinformation

The available semantic categories are:

• chemical_biological
• copyright
• cybercrime_intrusion
• harassment_bullying
• harmful
• illegal
• misinformation_disinformation

Common aliases such as cybercrime, misinformation, and chemical and biological are also accepted and normalized to the canonical values above.

Filtering by Functional Category

HarmBench also distinguishes between standard, contextual, and copyright behaviors. You can filter by those functional slices as well:

redteam:
  plugins:
    - id: harmbench
      numTests: 20
      config:
        categories:
          - misinformation
        functionalCategories:
          - contextual

When you set both semantic and functional filters, Promptfoo generates tests from the matching intersection.

The available functional categories are:

• standard
• contextual
• copyright

References

• HarmBench Paper
• HarmBench Dataset
• Center for AI Safety

Related Concepts

• Types of LLM vulnerabilities - Full vulnerability and plugin directory with category mapping
• Evaluating LLM safety with HarmBench
• Harmful Content Plugin
• BeaverTails Plugin
• CyberSecEval Plugin
• Pliny Plugin