chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution
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# Install OpenCV for Python with pip {#tutorial_py_pip_install}
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This quick-start shows the **recommended** way for most users to get OpenCV in Python: install from
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**PyPI** with `pip`. It also explains virtual environments, platform notes, and common troubleshooting.
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If you need OS‑specific alternatives (system packages or source builds), see the OS pages linked
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below, but those are **not required** for typical Python use.
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@note: OpenCV team maintains **PyPI** packages only. Conda distributions and platform specific builds
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are community builds and hardware vendor builds and may differ from the official one.
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## Quick start
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```bash
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# 1) Create and activate a virtual environment (recommended)
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python -m venv .venv
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# Windows:
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.venv\Scripts\activate
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# Linux/macOS:
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source .venv/bin/activate
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# 2) Upgrade pip tooling
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python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
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# 3) Install OpenCV from PyPI (choose ONE)
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pip install opencv-python # main package (most users)
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# or
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pip install opencv-contrib-python # + extra modules (contrib)
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# or
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pip install opencv-python-headless # no GUI/backends (servers/CI)
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# or
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pip install opencv-contrib-python-headless # no GUI/backends with extra modules (servers/CI)
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```
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### Tiny hello‑world
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```python
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import cv2 as cv
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import numpy as np
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print("OpenCV:", cv.__version__)
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img = np.zeros((120, 400, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
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cv.putText(img, "OpenCV OK", (10, 80), cv.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 2, (255,255,255), 3)
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# If you installed a non-headless build, you can display a window:
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# cv.imshow("hello", img); cv.waitKey(0)
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# Always safe (headless or not): save to file
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cv.imwrite("hello.png", img)
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```
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## Virtual environments and IDEs
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Using a virtual environment keeps project dependencies isolated. Tools that create or activate envs include:
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- `venv` (built-in) and `virtualenv`
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- Conda environments
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- IDEs (VS Code, PyCharm) that may **auto-create and auto-activate** an env per workspace
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If imports fail inside an IDE, verify the interpreter selected by the IDE matches the environment
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where you installed OpenCV.
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## OS notes
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- **Linux:** Your default Python may be `python3`. Use `python3 -m venv .venv` and `python3 -m pip ...`.
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If you cannot use a virtual env, `pip --user` installs to your home directory: `python3 -m pip install --user opencv-python`.
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- **Windows:** Install Python from [python.org] or via `winget install Python.Python.3`. Make sure
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**“Add python to PATH”** is enabled or use the **“Open in terminal”** from your IDE, which selects
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the right interpreter automatically.
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- **macOS:** Use the system `python3` or a managed one (Homebrew or Python.org).
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Always prefer a virtual environment.
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- **Raspberry Pi / ARM boards:** Prebuilt wheels may not exist for some Pi OS / Python combinations.
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See **Troubleshooting** below.
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## Choosing a PyPI variant
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- `opencv-python`: core OpenCV modules with GUI/backends
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- `opencv-contrib-python`: includes **contrib** modules in addition to the core
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- `opencv-python-headless`: no GUI/backends (ideal for servers/containers/CI)
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- `opencv-contrib-python-headless`: contrib + headless
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Install exactly **one** of these per environment.
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## Troubleshooting
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Please start with opencv-python project [README](https://github.com/opencv/opencv-python/blob/4.x/README.md)
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**Pip is trying to build from source**
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Symptoms: very long build step, CMake errors, compiler errors.
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Fixes:
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- Upgrade build tooling: `python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel`
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- Ensure your Python version is supported by the chosen package.
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- If you are on an uncommon platform or Python build, switch to a supported Python or try a different
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variant (headless vs non‑headless).
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**“No matching distribution found” or “Unsupported wheel”**
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- Confirm your Python version (e.g., `python -V`). Choose a wheel that supports that version
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(manylinux/macOS/Windows wheels on PyPI target specific Python versions).
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- Create a fresh virtual environment with a mainstream Python (e.g., 3.10–3.12 for now) and reinstall.
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**Raspberry Pi / ARM**
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- Wheels may lag behind new Python/Pi OS releases. Try `opencv-python-headless` first. If
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unavailable, consider system packages for camera/GUI pieces, or build from source following
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the OS page linked below.
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**Import works in terminal but fails in IDE**
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- The IDE is using a different interpreter. Select the **same** environment inside your
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IDE’s interpreter settings.
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## What about system packages or building from source?
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For beginners using Python, **PyPI is recommended**. Native distribution packages and full source
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builds are better suited to advanced users with platform‑specific needs. You can still find them on
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the OS‑specific pages, moved under “Alternatives.”
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## See also
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- @ref tutorial_py_root
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- OS pages: @ref tutorial_py_setup_in_windows, @ref tutorial_py_setup_in_ubuntu, @ref tutorial_py_setup_in_fedora
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