chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution
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wehub-resource-sync
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## Database: usaspending.db
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NASA federal spending data from USAspending.gov. Each row is a single spending transaction (obligation or de-obligation) on a federal award.
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### Table: spending
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One row per transaction. Multiple transactions can share the same `award_id` (an award's initial obligation plus subsequent modifications, amendments, and de-obligations).
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**Key columns:**
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- `award_id` — unique award identifier (many transactions share one award_id)
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- `award_piid_fain` — human-readable contract number (PIID) or assistance award number (FAIN)
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- `parent_award_piid` — parent IDV contract number (links task orders to their contract vehicle; contracts only)
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- `award_type` — 'contract', 'grant', 'idv', or 'other'
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- `action_date` — date of this transaction (YYYY-MM-DD)
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- `fiscal_year` — federal fiscal year (Oct-Sep; FY2024 = Oct 2023 - Sep 2024)
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- `federal_action_obligation` — dollar amount of this transaction (can be negative for de-obligations)
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- `total_obligation` — cumulative obligation for the entire award at time of this transaction
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- `base_and_all_options_value` — total potential ceiling value including unexercised options (contracts only)
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- `recipient_name` — who received the funds
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- `recipient_parent_name` — parent company (e.g., subsidiaries roll up; contracts only)
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- `recipient_state`, `recipient_city`, `recipient_country` — recipient location
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- `awarding_office` — NASA center/office that made the award (e.g., 'GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER', 'JET PROPULSION LABORATORY')
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- `funding_office` — NASA center/office providing funding (often same as awarding)
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- `naics_code`, `naics_description` — industry classification (primarily for contracts)
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- `psc_code`, `psc_description` — product/service classification
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- `place_of_performance_state`, `place_of_performance_city` — where work is performed
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- `period_of_perf_start`, `period_of_perf_end` — award period of performance dates (YYYY-MM-DD)
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- `extent_competed` — competition level: 'Full and Open Competition', 'Not Competed', etc. (contracts only)
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- `type_of_set_aside` — small business set-aside type: '8(a)', 'HUBZone', 'SDVOSB', etc. (contracts only)
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- `number_of_offers` — number of offers received (contracts only)
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- `contract_pricing_type` — pricing structure: 'Firm Fixed Price', 'Cost Plus', etc. (contracts only)
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- `business_types` — recipient type for assistance: nonprofit, university, state govt, etc. (grants only)
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- `description` — free-text description of the transaction
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### Common query patterns
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```sql
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-- Total spending by fiscal year
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SELECT fiscal_year, SUM(federal_action_obligation) AS total
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FROM spending GROUP BY fiscal_year ORDER BY fiscal_year;
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-- Top recipients (roll up by parent company)
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SELECT COALESCE(NULLIF(recipient_parent_name, ''), recipient_name) AS entity,
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SUM(federal_action_obligation) AS total
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FROM spending GROUP BY entity ORDER BY total DESC LIMIT 10;
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-- Spending by award type
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SELECT award_type, COUNT(*), SUM(federal_action_obligation) AS total
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FROM spending GROUP BY award_type;
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-- Competitive vs sole-source contracts
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SELECT extent_competed, COUNT(DISTINCT award_id) AS awards,
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SUM(federal_action_obligation) AS total
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FROM spending WHERE award_type = 'contract'
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GROUP BY extent_competed ORDER BY total DESC;
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-- Spending by NASA center
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SELECT awarding_office, SUM(federal_action_obligation) AS total
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FROM spending GROUP BY awarding_office ORDER BY total DESC;
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```
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# spending
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One row per prime award transaction from NASA. Each row represents a financial action — an initial obligation, modification, amendment, or de-obligation on a federal award.
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## Columns
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| Column | Type | Description |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| rowid | INTEGER PK | Auto-increment row identifier |
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| award_id | TEXT | Unique award identifier. Multiple rows share the same award_id when an award has multiple transactions |
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| award_piid_fain | TEXT | Human-readable award number: PIID for contracts (e.g., 'NNJ13ZBG001'), FAIN for assistance |
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| parent_award_piid | TEXT | Parent IDV contract number. Links task/delivery orders to their parent contract vehicle (contracts only) |
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| award_type | TEXT | Category: 'contract', 'grant', 'idv', or 'other' |
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| description | TEXT | Free-text description of the transaction or award purpose |
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| action_date | TEXT | Date of this transaction (ISO 8601: YYYY-MM-DD) |
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| fiscal_year | INTEGER | Federal fiscal year (Oct-Sep; FY2024 = Oct 2023 - Sep 2024) |
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| federal_action_obligation | REAL | Dollar amount of this specific transaction. Can be negative for de-obligations |
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| total_obligation | REAL | Cumulative obligation for the entire award at the time of this transaction |
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| base_and_all_options_value | REAL | Total potential ceiling value of the contract including all unexercised options. Contracts only; NULL for grants |
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| recipient_name | TEXT | Legal name of the recipient organization |
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| recipient_parent_name | TEXT | Parent company name (e.g., subsidiaries like 'Lockheed Martin Space' roll up to 'Lockheed Martin Corporation'). Contracts only; empty for grants |
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| recipient_state | TEXT | Two-letter US state code of recipient's address. Empty for foreign recipients |
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| recipient_city | TEXT | City of recipient's address |
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| recipient_country | TEXT | Country name (e.g., 'UNITED STATES', 'UNITED KINGDOM') |
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| awarding_office | TEXT | NASA center/office that made the award (e.g., 'GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER', 'JET PROPULSION LABORATORY'). Values are uppercase |
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| funding_office | TEXT | NASA center/office providing funding (often same as awarding). Values are uppercase |
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| naics_code | TEXT | North American Industry Classification System code. Primarily for contracts; may be empty for grants |
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| naics_description | TEXT | Human-readable NAICS description |
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| psc_code | TEXT | Product/Service Code for contracts, CFDA number for assistance. Different classification systems in the same column |
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| psc_description | TEXT | Human-readable description of the PSC (contracts) or CFDA program (assistance) |
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| place_of_performance_state | TEXT | State where work is performed. Two-letter codes for contracts, full names for assistance. May differ from recipient_state |
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| place_of_performance_city | TEXT | City where work is performed |
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| period_of_perf_start | TEXT | Award period of performance start date (YYYY-MM-DD) |
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| period_of_perf_end | TEXT | Award period of performance end date (YYYY-MM-DD). This is the current end date and may reflect extensions |
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| extent_competed | TEXT | Competition level. Values include 'Full and Open Competition', 'Not Available for Competition', 'Not Competed', etc. Contracts only; empty for grants |
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| type_of_set_aside | TEXT | Small business set-aside type. Values include 'Small Business Set-Aside', '8(a) Set-Aside', 'HUBZone Set-Aside', 'Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business Set-Aside', 'Women-Owned Small Business', etc. Contracts only |
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| number_of_offers | INTEGER | Number of offers/bids received. 1 = effectively sole-source even if technically competed. Contracts only; NULL for grants |
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| contract_pricing_type | TEXT | Pricing structure: 'Firm Fixed Price', 'Cost Plus Fixed Fee', 'Cost No Fee', 'Time and Materials', etc. Contracts only |
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| business_types | TEXT | Recipient organization type for assistance awards: nonprofit, university, state government, tribal, etc. Grants only; empty for contracts |
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## Notes
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- **Aggregating to award level**: use `GROUP BY award_id` with `SUM(federal_action_obligation)` to get total spending per award. The `total_obligation` column is a snapshot at each transaction and may not reflect the final total.
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- **Contract ceiling vs obligation**: `base_and_all_options_value` is the potential maximum; `total_obligation` is what's actually committed. A contract may have $10M obligated against a $500M ceiling.
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- **Parent company roll-up**: Use `COALESCE(NULLIF(recipient_parent_name, ''), recipient_name)` to group subsidiaries under their parent. Only populated for contracts.
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- **recipient_name** may vary slightly for the same entity across rows (e.g., 'BOEING CO' vs 'THE BOEING COMPANY'). Use `LIKE` or `UPPER()` for fuzzy matching.
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- **award_type** is derived from USAspending type codes: A/B/C/D -> 'contract', 02-05 -> 'grant', IDV_* -> 'idv'.
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- **federal_action_obligation** can be negative (de-obligations, corrections). Sum them to get net spending.
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- **naics_code** and **naics_description** are only populated for contracts; empty for grants/assistance.
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- **psc_code** contains Product/Service Codes for contracts and CFDA numbers for assistance awards. **psc_description** contains the corresponding description. These are different classification systems stored in the same column.
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- **Contracts-only columns**: `base_and_all_options_value`, `recipient_parent_name`, `parent_award_piid`, `extent_competed`, `type_of_set_aside`, `number_of_offers`, `contract_pricing_type` are only populated for contracts/IDVs.
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- **Grants-only columns**: `business_types` is only populated for assistance awards.
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