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Message Model

Every WAL entry is a Message — the fundamental data unit flowing through all WAL components. A message consists of a typed payload (protobuf-encoded header + body) and key-value properties (map[string]string, reserved keys prefixed with _).

Message Lifecycle

Messages transition through three stages:

  • BroadcastMutableMessage: Created by the Broadcaster for messages that target multiple VChannels (DDL/DCL/WALInternal broadcasts). Carries a BroadcastHeader with the list of target VChannels and ResourceKeys. SplitIntoMutableMessage() splits it into per-VChannel MutableMessages for individual WAL append.

  • MutableMessage: The pre-append state. Properties can be modified by the WAL interceptor chain (attaching TimeTick, LastConfirmed, TxnContext, WALTerm, etc.). Created either by client-side builders (DML) or by splitting a BroadcastMutableMessage. Transitions to ImmutableMessage via IntoImmutableMessage(msgID) after WAL persistence.

  • ImmutableMessage: The post-append, read-only state. Carries a backend-assigned MessageID and LastConfirmedMessageID. Returned by WAL Read/Consume operations. For transactions, multiple ImmutableMessages are assembled into an ImmutableTxnMessage (Begin + body messages + Commit) by the consumer-side TxnBuffer.

  • ReplicateMutableMessage: Created from a source cluster's ImmutableMessage for cross-cluster replication. Attaches a ReplicateHeader preserving the source cluster's original Message Properties, then re-enters the local WAL as a MutableMessage,

Key Properties

Property Description
Version Payload format version, bound at build time for compatibility. VersionOld(0): legacy format before StreamingNode, to be removed in future. V1(1): payload still uses msgstream serialization. V2(2): payload fully independent of msgstream.
MessageType The kind of message. Determines how payload is decoded.
VChannel Target virtual channel. Empty means visible to all VChannels on the PChannel.
IsPChannelLevel Marks cluster-level broadcast messages handled at PChannel scope.
BroadcastHeader Broadcast metadata for messages targeting multiple VChannels. See Broadcaster.
TimeTick PChannel-level log sequence number. See TimeTick.
LastConfirmedMessageID Reading from this MessageID guarantees all subsequent messages have TimeTick greater than this message's TimeTick (including txn messages).
TxnContext Links the message to a transaction. Nil if non-transactional.
ReplicateHeader Source cluster's original message metadata for cross-cluster replication.
MessageID Backend-assigned unique identifier.
PChannel The PChannel this message belongs to.

Message Semantic Docs

Adding a New Message Type

New message types MUST be defined via codegen/reflect_info.json and pkg/streaming/util/message/codegen/. Do not manually write builder or type-conversion functions.

Key Packages

  • pkg/streaming/util/message/ — Message types, builders, properties, codegen, legacy adaptor