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This commit is contained in:
wehub-resource-sync
2026-07-13 13:39:25 +08:00
commit db620d33df
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@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFrameworks>net10.0</TargetFrameworks>
<AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
<!-- The Functions build tools don't like namespaces that start with a number -->
<AssemblyName>SingleAgent</AssemblyName>
<RootNamespace>SingleAgent</RootNamespace>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Azure Functions packages -->
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask.AzureManaged" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http.AspNetCore" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Azure.AI.OpenAI" />
<PackageReference Include="Azure.Identity" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Local projects that should be switched to package references when using the sample outside of this MAF repo -->
<!--
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI" />
</ItemGroup>
-->
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions.csproj" />
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI\Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI.csproj" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
namespace SequentialWorkflow;
/// <summary>
/// Looks up an order by its ID and return an Order object.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class OrderLookup() : Executor<string, Order>("OrderLookup")
{
public override async ValueTask<Order> HandleAsync(
string message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Magenta;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] OrderLookup: Starting lookup for order '{message}'");
Console.ResetColor();
// Simulate database lookup with delay
await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromMicroseconds(100), cancellationToken);
Order order = new(
Id: message,
OrderDate: DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(-1),
IsCancelled: false,
Customer: new Customer(Name: "Jerry", Email: "jerry@example.com"));
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Magenta;
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] OrderLookup: Found order '{message}' for customer '{order.Customer.Name}'");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return order;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Cancels an order.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class OrderCancel() : Executor<Order, Order>("OrderCancel")
{
public override async ValueTask<Order> HandleAsync(
Order message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] OrderCancel: Starting cancellation for order '{message.Id}'");
Console.ResetColor();
// Simulate a slow cancellation process (e.g., calling external payment system)
for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
{
await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100), cancellationToken);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkYellow;
Console.WriteLine("│ [Activity] OrderCancel: Processing...");
Console.ResetColor();
}
Order cancelledOrder = message with { IsCancelled = true };
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] OrderCancel: ✓ Order '{cancelledOrder.Id}' has been cancelled");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return cancelledOrder;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Sends a cancellation confirmation email to the customer.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class SendEmail() : Executor<Order, string>("SendEmail")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
Order message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] SendEmail: Sending email to '{message.Customer.Email}'...");
Console.ResetColor();
string result = $"Cancellation email sent for order {message.Id} to {message.Customer.Email}.";
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan;
Console.WriteLine("│ [Activity] SendEmail: ✓ Email sent successfully!");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return ValueTask.FromResult(result);
}
}
internal sealed record Order(string Id, DateTime OrderDate, bool IsCancelled, Customer Customer);
internal sealed record Customer(string Name, string Email);
/// <summary>
/// Represents a batch cancellation request with multiple order IDs and a reason.
/// This demonstrates using a complex typed object as workflow input.
/// </summary>
#pragma warning disable CA1812 // Instantiated via JSON deserialization at runtime
internal sealed record BatchCancelRequest(string[] OrderIds, string Reason, bool NotifyCustomers);
#pragma warning restore CA1812
/// <summary>
/// Represents the result of processing a batch cancellation.
/// </summary>
internal sealed record BatchCancelResult(int TotalOrders, int CancelledCount, string Reason);
/// <summary>
/// Generates a status report for an order.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class StatusReport() : Executor<Order, string>("StatusReport")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
Order message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] StatusReport: Generating report for order '{message.Id}'");
Console.ResetColor();
string status = message.IsCancelled ? "Cancelled" : "Active";
string result = $"Order {message.Id} for {message.Customer.Name}: Status={status}, Date={message.OrderDate:yyyy-MM-dd}";
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] StatusReport: ✓ {result}");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return ValueTask.FromResult(result);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Processes a batch cancellation request. Accepts a complex <see cref="BatchCancelRequest"/> object
/// as input, demonstrating how workflows can receive structured JSON input.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class BatchCancelProcessor() : Executor<BatchCancelRequest, BatchCancelResult>("BatchCancelProcessor")
{
public override async ValueTask<BatchCancelResult> HandleAsync(
BatchCancelRequest message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] BatchCancelProcessor: Processing {message.OrderIds.Length} orders");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] BatchCancelProcessor: Reason: {message.Reason}");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] BatchCancelProcessor: Notify customers: {message.NotifyCustomers}");
Console.ResetColor();
// Simulate processing each order
int cancelledCount = 0;
foreach (string orderId in message.OrderIds)
{
await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100), cancellationToken);
cancelledCount++;
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkYellow;
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] BatchCancelProcessor: ✓ Cancelled order '{orderId}'");
Console.ResetColor();
}
BatchCancelResult result = new(message.OrderIds.Length, cancelledCount, message.Reason);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] BatchCancelProcessor: ✓ Batch complete: {cancelledCount}/{message.OrderIds.Length} cancelled");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Generates a summary of the batch cancellation.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class BatchCancelSummary() : Executor<BatchCancelResult, string>("BatchCancelSummary")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
BatchCancelResult message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine("│ [Activity] BatchCancelSummary: Generating summary");
Console.ResetColor();
string result = $"Batch cancellation complete: {message.CancelledCount}/{message.TotalOrders} orders cancelled. Reason: {message.Reason}";
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan;
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Activity] BatchCancelSummary: ✓ {result}");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return ValueTask.FromResult(result);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// This sample demonstrates three workflows that share executors.
// The CancelOrder workflow cancels an order and notifies the customer.
// The OrderStatus workflow looks up an order and generates a status report.
// The BatchCancelOrders workflow accepts a complex JSON input to cancel multiple orders.
// Both CancelOrder and OrderStatus reuse the same OrderLookup executor, demonstrating executor sharing.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using SequentialWorkflow;
// Define executors for all workflows
OrderLookup orderLookup = new();
OrderCancel orderCancel = new();
SendEmail sendEmail = new();
StatusReport statusReport = new();
BatchCancelProcessor batchCancelProcessor = new();
BatchCancelSummary batchCancelSummary = new();
// Build the CancelOrder workflow: OrderLookup -> OrderCancel -> SendEmail
Workflow cancelOrder = new WorkflowBuilder(orderLookup)
.WithName("CancelOrder")
.WithDescription("Cancel an order and notify the customer")
.AddEdge(orderLookup, orderCancel)
.AddEdge(orderCancel, sendEmail)
.Build();
// Build the OrderStatus workflow: OrderLookup -> StatusReport
// This workflow shares the OrderLookup executor with the CancelOrder workflow.
Workflow orderStatus = new WorkflowBuilder(orderLookup)
.WithName("OrderStatus")
.WithDescription("Look up an order and generate a status report")
.AddEdge(orderLookup, statusReport)
.Build();
// Build the BatchCancelOrders workflow: BatchCancelProcessor -> BatchCancelSummary
// This workflow demonstrates using a complex JSON object as the workflow input.
Workflow batchCancelOrders = new WorkflowBuilder(batchCancelProcessor)
.WithName("BatchCancelOrders")
.WithDescription("Cancel multiple orders in a batch using a complex JSON input")
.AddEdge(batchCancelProcessor, batchCancelSummary)
.Build();
using IHost app = FunctionsApplication
.CreateBuilder(args)
.ConfigureFunctionsWebApplication()
.ConfigureDurableWorkflows(workflows => workflows.AddWorkflows(cancelOrder, orderStatus, batchCancelOrders))
.Build();
app.Run();
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
# Sequential Workflow Sample
This sample demonstrates how to use the Microsoft Agent Framework to create an Azure Functions app that hosts durable workflows with sequential executor chains. It showcases two workflows that share a common executor, demonstrating executor reuse across workflows.
## Key Concepts Demonstrated
- Defining workflows with sequential executor chains using `WorkflowBuilder`
- Sharing executors across multiple workflows (the `OrderLookup` executor is used by both workflows)
- Registering workflows with the Function app using `ConfigureDurableWorkflows`
- Durable orchestration ensuring workflows survive process restarts and failures
- Starting workflows via HTTP requests
- Viewing workflow execution history and status in the Durable Task Scheduler (DTS) dashboard
## Workflows
This sample defines two workflows:
1. **CancelOrder**: `OrderLookup``OrderCancel``SendEmail` — Looks up an order, cancels it, and sends a confirmation email.
2. **OrderStatus**: `OrderLookup``StatusReport` — Looks up an order and generates a status report.
Both workflows share the `OrderLookup` executor, which is registered only once by the framework.
## Environment Setup
See the [README.md](../../README.md) file in the parent directory for more information on how to configure the environment, including how to install and run common sample dependencies.
## Running the Sample
With the environment setup and function app running, you can test the sample by sending HTTP requests to the workflow endpoints.
You can use the `demo.http` file to trigger the workflows, or a command line tool like `curl` as shown below:
### Cancel an Order
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run \
-H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
-d "12345"
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run `
-ContentType text/plain `
-Body "12345"
```
The response will confirm the workflow orchestration has started:
```text
Workflow orchestration started for CancelOrder. Orchestration runId: abc123def456
```
> **Tip:** You can provide a custom run ID by appending a `runId` query parameter:
>
> ```bash
> curl -X POST "http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run?runId=my-order-123" \
> -H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
> -d "12345"
> ```
>
> If not provided, a unique run ID is auto-generated.
### Wait for the Workflow Result
By default, the HTTP endpoint returns `202 Accepted` immediately with the run ID. If you want to wait for the workflow to complete and get the result in the response, add the `x-ms-wait-for-response: true` header:
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run \
-H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
-H "x-ms-wait-for-response: true" \
-d "12345"
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run `
-ContentType text/plain `
-Headers @{ "x-ms-wait-for-response" = "true" } `
-Body "12345"
```
The response will contain the workflow result as plain text (200 OK):
```text
Cancellation email sent for order 12345 to jerry@example.com.
```
To get the result as JSON, also include the `Accept: application/json` header:
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run \
-H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
-H "x-ms-wait-for-response: true" \
-H "Accept: application/json" \
-d "12345"
```
```json
{
"runId": "abc123def456",
"workflowStatus": "Completed",
"result": "Cancellation email sent for order 12345 to jerry@example.com."
}
```
In the function app logs, you will see the sequential execution of each executor:
```text
│ [Activity] OrderLookup: Starting lookup for order '12345'
│ [Activity] OrderLookup: Found order '12345' for customer 'Jerry'
│ [Activity] OrderCancel: Starting cancellation for order '12345'
│ [Activity] OrderCancel: ✓ Order '12345' has been cancelled
│ [Activity] SendEmail: Sending email to 'jerry@example.com'...
│ [Activity] SendEmail: ✓ Email sent successfully!
```
### Get Order Status
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/OrderStatus/run \
-H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
-d "12345"
```
The `OrderStatus` workflow reuses the same `OrderLookup` executor and then generates a status report:
```text
│ [Activity] OrderLookup: Starting lookup for order '12345'
│ [Activity] OrderLookup: Found order '12345' for customer 'Jerry'
│ [Activity] StatusReport: Generating report for order '12345'
│ [Activity] StatusReport: ✓ Order 12345 for Jerry: Status=Active, Date=2025-01-01
```
### Viewing Workflows in the DTS Dashboard
After running a workflow, you can navigate to the Durable Task Scheduler (DTS) dashboard to visualize the completed orchestration, inspect inputs/outputs for each step, and view execution history.
If you are using the DTS emulator, the dashboard is available at `http://localhost:8082`.
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
# Default endpoint address for local testing
@authority=http://localhost:7071
### Cancel an order
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run
Content-Type: text/plain
12345
### Cancel an order and wait for the result
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run
Content-Type: text/plain
x-ms-wait-for-response: true
12345
### Cancel an order and wait for the result (JSON response)
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run
Content-Type: text/plain
Accept: application/json
x-ms-wait-for-response: true
12345
### Cancel an order with a custom run ID
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/CancelOrder/run?runId=my-custom-id-123
Content-Type: text/plain
99999
### Get order status (shares OrderLookup executor with CancelOrder)
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/OrderStatus/run
Content-Type: text/plain
12345
### Get order status and wait for the result
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/OrderStatus/run
Content-Type: text/plain
x-ms-wait-for-response: true
12345
### Batch cancel orders with a complex JSON input
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/BatchCancelOrders/run
Content-Type: application/json
{"orderIds": ["1001", "1002", "1003"], "reason": "Customer requested cancellation", "notifyCustomers": true}
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"version": "2.0",
"logging": {
"logLevel": {
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions": "Information",
"DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.DurableTask": "Information"
}
},
"extensions": {
"durableTask": {
"hubName": "default",
"storageProvider": {
"type": "AzureManaged",
"connectionStringName": "DURABLE_TASK_SCHEDULER_CONNECTION_STRING"
}
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFrameworks>net10.0</TargetFrameworks>
<AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
<!-- The Functions build tools don't like namespaces that start with a number -->
<AssemblyName>SingleAgent</AssemblyName>
<RootNamespace>SingleAgent</RootNamespace>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Azure Functions packages -->
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask.AzureManaged" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http.AspNetCore" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Azure.AI.OpenAI" />
<PackageReference Include="Azure.Identity" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Local projects that should be switched to package references when using the sample outside of this MAF repo -->
<!--
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI" />
</ItemGroup>
-->
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions.csproj" />
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI\Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI.csproj" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
namespace WorkflowConcurrency;
/// <summary>
/// Parses and validates the incoming question before sending to AI agents.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class ParseQuestionExecutor() : Executor<string, string>("ParseQuestion")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
string message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Magenta;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine("│ [ParseQuestion] Preparing question for AI agents...");
string formattedQuestion = message.Trim();
if (!formattedQuestion.EndsWith('?'))
{
formattedQuestion += "?";
}
Console.WriteLine($"│ [ParseQuestion] Question: \"{formattedQuestion}\"");
Console.WriteLine("│ [ParseQuestion] → Sending to Physicist and Chemist in PARALLEL...");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
return ValueTask.FromResult(formattedQuestion);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Aggregates responses from all AI agents into a comprehensive answer.
/// This is the Fan-in point where parallel results are collected.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class AggregatorExecutor() : Executor<string[], string>("Aggregator")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
string[] message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan;
Console.WriteLine("┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐");
Console.WriteLine($"│ [Aggregator] 📋 Received {message.Length} AI agent responses");
Console.WriteLine("│ [Aggregator] Combining into comprehensive answer...");
Console.WriteLine("│ [Aggregator] ✓ Aggregation complete!");
Console.WriteLine("└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘");
Console.ResetColor();
string aggregatedResult = "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n" +
" AI EXPERT PANEL RESPONSES\n" +
"═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n";
for (int i = 0; i < message.Length; i++)
{
string expertLabel = i == 0 ? "⚛️ PHYSICIST" : "🧪 CHEMIST";
aggregatedResult += $"{expertLabel}:\n{message[i]}\n\n";
}
aggregatedResult += "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n" +
$"Summary: Received perspectives from {message.Length} AI experts.\n" +
"═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════";
return ValueTask.FromResult(aggregatedResult);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
using Azure;
using Azure.AI.OpenAI;
using Azure.Identity;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using OpenAI.Chat;
using WorkflowConcurrency;
string endpoint = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT")
?? throw new InvalidOperationException("AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT is not set.");
string deploymentName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT")
?? throw new InvalidOperationException("AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT is not set.");
string? azureOpenAiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_OPENAI_KEY");
// Create Azure OpenAI client
AzureOpenAIClient openAiClient = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(azureOpenAiKey)
? new AzureOpenAIClient(new Uri(endpoint), new AzureKeyCredential(azureOpenAiKey))
: new AzureOpenAIClient(new Uri(endpoint), new AzureCliCredential());
ChatClient chatClient = openAiClient.GetChatClient(deploymentName);
// Define the 4 executors for the workflow
ParseQuestionExecutor parseQuestion = new();
AIAgent physicist = chatClient.AsAIAgent("You are a physics expert. Be concise (2-3 sentences).", "Physicist");
AIAgent chemist = chatClient.AsAIAgent("You are a chemistry expert. Be concise (2-3 sentences).", "Chemist");
AggregatorExecutor aggregator = new();
// Build workflow: ParseQuestion -> [Physicist, Chemist] (parallel) -> Aggregator
Workflow workflow = new WorkflowBuilder(parseQuestion)
.WithName("ExpertReview")
.AddFanOutEdge(parseQuestion, [physicist, chemist])
.AddFanInBarrierEdge([physicist, chemist], aggregator)
.Build();
using IHost app = FunctionsApplication
.CreateBuilder(args)
.ConfigureFunctionsWebApplication()
.ConfigureDurableWorkflows(workflows => workflows.AddWorkflows(workflow))
.Build();
app.Run();
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
# Concurrent Workflow Sample
This sample demonstrates how to use the Microsoft Agent Framework to create an Azure Functions app that orchestrates concurrent execution of multiple AI agents using the fan-out/fan-in pattern within a durable workflow.
## Key Concepts Demonstrated
- Defining workflows with fan-out/fan-in edges for parallel execution using `WorkflowBuilder`
- Mixing custom executors with AI agents in a single workflow
- Concurrent execution of multiple AI agents (physics and chemistry experts)
- Response aggregation from parallel branches into a unified result
- Durable orchestration with automatic checkpointing and resumption from failures
- Viewing workflow execution history and status in the Durable Task Scheduler (DTS) dashboard
## Workflow
This sample defines a single workflow:
**ExpertReview**: `ParseQuestion` → [`Physicist`, `Chemist`] (parallel) → `Aggregator`
1. **ParseQuestion** — A custom executor that validates and formats the incoming question.
2. **Physicist** and **Chemist** — AI agents that run concurrently, each providing an expert perspective.
3. **Aggregator** — A custom executor that combines the parallel responses into a comprehensive answer.
## Environment Setup
See the [README.md](../../README.md) file in the parent directory for more information on how to configure the environment, including how to install and run common sample dependencies.
This sample requires Azure OpenAI. Set the following environment variables:
- `AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT` — Your Azure OpenAI endpoint URL.
- `AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT` — The name of your chat model deployment.
- `AZURE_OPENAI_KEY` (optional) — Your Azure OpenAI API key. If not set, Azure CLI credentials are used.
## Running the Sample
With the environment setup and function app running, you can test the sample by sending an HTTP request with a science question to the workflow endpoint.
You can use the `demo.http` file to trigger the workflow, or a command line tool like `curl` as shown below:
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpertReview/run \
-H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
-d "What is temperature?"
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpertReview/run `
-ContentType text/plain `
-Body "What is temperature?"
```
The response will confirm the workflow orchestration has started:
```text
Workflow orchestration started for ExpertReview. Orchestration runId: abc123def456
```
> **Tip:** You can provide a custom run ID by appending a `runId` query parameter:
>
> ```bash
> curl -X POST "http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpertReview/run?runId=my-review-123" \
> -H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
> -d "What is temperature?"
> ```
>
> If not provided, a unique run ID is auto-generated.
In the function app logs, you will see the fan-out/fan-in execution pattern:
```text
│ [ParseQuestion] Preparing question for AI agents...
│ [ParseQuestion] Question: "What is temperature?"
│ [ParseQuestion] → Sending to Physicist and Chemist in PARALLEL...
│ [Aggregator] 📋 Received 2 AI agent responses
│ [Aggregator] Combining into comprehensive answer...
│ [Aggregator] ✓ Aggregation complete!
```
The Physicist and Chemist AI agents execute concurrently, and the Aggregator combines their responses into a formatted expert panel result.
### Viewing Workflows in the DTS Dashboard
After running a workflow, you can navigate to the Durable Task Scheduler (DTS) dashboard to visualize the completed orchestration, inspect inputs/outputs for each step, and view execution history.
If you are using the DTS emulator, the dashboard is available at `http://localhost:8082`.
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
# Default endpoint address for local testing
@authority=http://localhost:7071
### Prompt the agent
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpertReview/run
Content-Type: text/plain
What is temperature?
### Start with a custom run ID
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpertReview/run?runId=my-review-123
Content-Type: text/plain
What is gravity?
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"version": "2.0",
"logging": {
"logLevel": {
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions": "Information",
"DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.DurableTask": "Information"
}
},
"extensions": {
"durableTask": {
"hubName": "default",
"storageProvider": {
"type": "AzureManaged",
"connectionStringName": "DURABLE_TASK_SCHEDULER_CONNECTION_STRING"
}
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFrameworks>net10.0</TargetFrameworks>
<AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
<!-- The Functions build tools don't like namespaces that start with a number -->
<AssemblyName>WorkflowHITLFunctions</AssemblyName>
<RootNamespace>WorkflowHITLFunctions</RootNamespace>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<None Include="local.settings.json" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Azure Functions packages -->
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask.AzureManaged" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http.AspNetCore" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Azure.Identity" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Local projects that should be switched to package references when using the sample outside of this MAF repo -->
<!--
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions" />
</ItemGroup>
-->
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions.csproj" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
namespace WorkflowHITLFunctions;
/// <summary>Expense approval request passed to the RequestPort.</summary>
public record ApprovalRequest(string ExpenseId, decimal Amount, string EmployeeName);
/// <summary>Approval response received from the RequestPort.</summary>
public record ApprovalResponse(bool Approved, string? Comments);
/// <summary>Looks up expense details and creates an approval request.</summary>
internal sealed class CreateApprovalRequest() : Executor<string, ApprovalRequest>("RetrieveRequest")
{
public override ValueTask<ApprovalRequest> HandleAsync(
string message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
// In a real scenario, this would look up expense details from a database
return new ValueTask<ApprovalRequest>(new ApprovalRequest(message, 1500.00m, "Jerry"));
}
}
/// <summary>Prepares the approval request for finance review after manager approval.</summary>
internal sealed class PrepareFinanceReview() : Executor<ApprovalResponse, ApprovalRequest>("PrepareFinanceReview")
{
public override ValueTask<ApprovalRequest> HandleAsync(
ApprovalResponse message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
if (!message.Approved)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot proceed to finance review — manager denied the expense.");
}
// In a real scenario, this would retrieve the original expense details
return new ValueTask<ApprovalRequest>(new ApprovalRequest("EXP-2025-001", 1500.00m, "Jerry"));
}
}
/// <summary>Processes the expense reimbursement based on the parallel approval responses.</summary>
internal sealed class ExpenseReimburse() : Executor<ApprovalResponse[], string>("Reimburse")
{
public override async ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
ApprovalResponse[] message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
// Check that all parallel approvals passed
ApprovalResponse? denied = Array.Find(message, r => !r.Approved);
if (denied is not null)
{
return $"Expense reimbursement denied. Comments: {denied.Comments}";
}
// Simulate payment processing
await Task.Delay(1000, cancellationToken);
return $"Expense reimbursed at {DateTime.UtcNow:O}";
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// This sample demonstrates a Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) workflow hosted in Azure Functions.
//
// ┌──────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────────┐
// │ CreateApprovalRequest│──►│ManagerApproval │──►│PrepareFinanceReview │──┬►│ BudgetApproval │──┐
// └──────────────────────┘ │ (RequestPort) │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │ (RequestPort) │ │
// └────────────────┘ │ └────────────────────┘ │ ┌─────────────────┐
// │ ├─►│ExpenseReimburse │
// │ ┌────────────────────┐ │ └─────────────────┘
// └►│ComplianceApproval │──┘
// │ (RequestPort) │
// └────────────────────┘
//
// The workflow pauses at three RequestPorts — one for the manager, then two in parallel for finance.
// After manager approval, BudgetApproval and ComplianceApproval run concurrently via fan-out/fan-in.
// The framework auto-generates three HTTP endpoints for each workflow:
// POST /api/workflows/{name}/run - Start the workflow
// GET /api/workflows/{name}/status/{id} - Check status and pending approvals
// POST /api/workflows/{name}/respond/{id} - Send approval response to resume
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using WorkflowHITLFunctions;
// Define executors and RequestPorts for the three HITL pause points
CreateApprovalRequest createRequest = new();
RequestPort<ApprovalRequest, ApprovalResponse> managerApproval = RequestPort.Create<ApprovalRequest, ApprovalResponse>("ManagerApproval");
PrepareFinanceReview prepareFinanceReview = new();
RequestPort<ApprovalRequest, ApprovalResponse> budgetApproval = RequestPort.Create<ApprovalRequest, ApprovalResponse>("BudgetApproval");
RequestPort<ApprovalRequest, ApprovalResponse> complianceApproval = RequestPort.Create<ApprovalRequest, ApprovalResponse>("ComplianceApproval");
ExpenseReimburse reimburse = new();
// Build the workflow: CreateApprovalRequest -> ManagerApproval -> PrepareFinanceReview -> [BudgetApproval AND ComplianceApproval] -> ExpenseReimburse
Workflow expenseApproval = new WorkflowBuilder(createRequest)
.WithName("ExpenseReimbursement")
.WithDescription("Expense reimbursement with manager and parallel finance approvals")
.AddEdge(createRequest, managerApproval)
.AddEdge(managerApproval, prepareFinanceReview)
.AddFanOutEdge(prepareFinanceReview, [budgetApproval, complianceApproval])
.AddFanInBarrierEdge([budgetApproval, complianceApproval], reimburse)
.Build();
using IHost app = FunctionsApplication
.CreateBuilder(args)
.ConfigureFunctionsWebApplication()
.ConfigureDurableWorkflows(workflows => workflows.AddWorkflow(expenseApproval, exposeStatusEndpoint: true))
.Build();
app.Run();
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
# Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) Workflow — Azure Functions
This sample demonstrates a durable workflow with Human-in-the-Loop support hosted in Azure Functions. The workflow pauses at three `RequestPort` nodes — one sequential manager approval, then two parallel finance approvals (budget and compliance) via fan-out/fan-in. Approval responses are sent via HTTP endpoints.
## Key Concepts Demonstrated
- Using multiple `RequestPort` nodes for sequential and parallel human-in-the-loop interactions in a durable workflow
- Fan-out/fan-in pattern for parallel approval steps
- Auto-generated HTTP endpoints for running workflows, checking status, and sending HITL responses
- Pausing orchestrations via `WaitForExternalEvent` and resuming via `RaiseEventAsync`
- Viewing inputs the workflow is waiting for via the status endpoint
## Workflow
This sample implements the following workflow:
```
┌──────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────────┐
│ CreateApprovalRequest│──►│ManagerApproval │──►│PrepareFinanceReview │──┬►│ BudgetApproval │──┐
└──────────────────────┘ │ (RequestPort) │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │ (RequestPort) │ │
└────────────────┘ │ └────────────────────┘ │ ┌─────────────────┐
│ ├─►│ExpenseReimburse │
│ ┌────────────────────┐ │ └─────────────────┘
└►│ComplianceApproval │──┘
│ (RequestPort) │
└────────────────────┘
```
## HTTP Endpoints
The framework auto-generates these endpoints for workflows with `RequestPort` nodes:
| Method | Endpoint | Description |
|--------|----------|-------------|
| POST | `/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run` | Start the workflow |
| GET | `/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}` | Check status and inputs the workflow is waiting for |
| POST | `/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId}` | Send approval response to resume |
## Environment Setup
See the [README.md](../../README.md) file in the parent directory for information on how to configure the environment, including how to install and run the Durable Task Scheduler.
## Running the Sample
With the environment setup and function app running, you can test the sample by sending HTTP requests to the workflow endpoints.
You can use the `demo.http` file to trigger the workflow, or a command line tool like `curl` as shown below:
### Step 1: Start the Workflow
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run \
-H "Content-Type: text/plain" -d "EXP-2025-001"
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run `
-ContentType text/plain `
-Body "EXP-2025-001"
```
The response will confirm the workflow orchestration has started:
```text
Workflow orchestration started for ExpenseReimbursement. Orchestration runId: abc123def456
```
> [!TIP]
> You can provide a custom run ID by appending a `runId` query parameter:
>
> Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
>
> ```bash
> curl -X POST "http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run?runId=expense-001" \
> -H "Content-Type: text/plain" -d "EXP-2025-001"
> ```
>
> PowerShell:
>
> ```powershell
> Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
> -Uri "http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run?runId=expense-001" `
> -ContentType text/plain `
> -Body "EXP-2025-001"
> ```
>
> If not provided, a unique run ID is auto-generated.
### Step 2: Check Workflow Status
The workflow pauses at the `ManagerApproval` RequestPort. Query the status endpoint to see what input it is waiting for:
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
```
```json
{
"runId": "{runId}",
"status": "Running",
"waitingForInput": [
{ "eventName": "ManagerApproval", "input": { "ExpenseId": "EXP-2025-001", "Amount": 1500.00, "EmployeeName": "Jerry" } }
]
}
```
> [!TIP]
> You can also verify this in the DTS dashboard at `http://localhost:8082`. Find the orchestration by its `runId` and you will see it is in a "Running" state, paused at a `WaitForExternalEvent` call for the `ManagerApproval` event.
### Step 3: Send Manager Approval Response
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId} \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"eventName": "ManagerApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Approved by manager."}}'
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId} `
-ContentType application/json `
-Body '{"eventName": "ManagerApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Approved by manager."}}'
```
```json
{
"message": "Response sent to workflow.",
"runId": "{runId}",
"eventName": "ManagerApproval",
"validated": true
}
```
### Step 4: Check Workflow Status Again
The workflow now pauses at both the `BudgetApproval` and `ComplianceApproval` RequestPorts in parallel:
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
```
```json
{
"runId": "{runId}",
"status": "Running",
"waitingForInput": [
{ "eventName": "BudgetApproval", "input": { "ExpenseId": "EXP-2025-001", "Amount": 1500.00, "EmployeeName": "Jerry" } },
{ "eventName": "ComplianceApproval", "input": { "ExpenseId": "EXP-2025-001", "Amount": 1500.00, "EmployeeName": "Jerry" } }
]
}
```
### Step 5a: Send Budget Approval Response
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId} \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"eventName": "BudgetApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Budget approved."}}'
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId} `
-ContentType application/json `
-Body '{"eventName": "BudgetApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Budget approved."}}'
```
```json
{
"message": "Response sent to workflow.",
"runId": "{runId}",
"eventName": "BudgetApproval",
"validated": true
}
```
### Step 5b: Send Compliance Approval Response
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId} \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"eventName": "ComplianceApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Compliance approved."}}'
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post `
-Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId} `
-ContentType application/json `
-Body '{"eventName": "ComplianceApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Compliance approved."}}'
```
```json
{
"message": "Response sent to workflow.",
"runId": "{runId}",
"eventName": "ComplianceApproval",
"validated": true
}
```
### Step 6: Check Final Status
After all approvals, the workflow completes and the expense is reimbursed:
Bash (Linux/macOS/WSL):
```bash
curl http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
```
PowerShell:
```powershell
Invoke-RestMethod -Uri http://localhost:7071/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
```
```json
{
"runId": "{runId}",
"status": "Completed",
"waitingForInput": null
}
```
### Viewing Workflows in the DTS Dashboard
After running a workflow, you can navigate to the Durable Task Scheduler (DTS) dashboard to visualize the orchestration and inspect its execution history.
If you are using the DTS emulator, the dashboard is available at `http://localhost:8082`.
1. Open the dashboard and look for the orchestration instance matching the `runId` returned in Step 1 (e.g., `abc123def456` or your custom ID like `expense-001`).
2. Click into the instance to see the execution timeline, which shows each executor activity and the `WaitForExternalEvent` pauses where the workflow waited for human input — including the two parallel finance approvals.
3. Expand individual activity steps to inspect inputs and outputs — for example, the `ManagerApproval`, `BudgetApproval`, and `ComplianceApproval` external events will show the approval request sent and the response received.
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
# Default endpoint address for local testing
@authority=http://localhost:7071
### Step 1: Start the expense reimbursement workflow
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run
Content-Type: text/plain
EXP-2025-001
### Step 1 (alternative): Start the workflow with a custom run ID
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/run?runId=expense-001
Content-Type: text/plain
EXP-2025-001
### Step 2: Check workflow status (replace {runId} with actual run ID from Step 1)
GET {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
### Step 3: Send manager approval (replace {runId} with actual run ID from Step 1)
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId}
Content-Type: application/json
{"eventName": "ManagerApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Approved by manager."}}
### Step 3 (alternative): Deny the expense at manager level
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId}
Content-Type: application/json
{"eventName": "ManagerApproval", "response": {"Approved": false, "Comments": "Insufficient documentation. Please resubmit."}}
### Step 4: Check workflow status after manager approval (now waiting for parallel finance approvals)
GET {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
### Step 5a: Send budget approval (replace {runId} with actual run ID from Step 1)
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId}
Content-Type: application/json
{"eventName": "BudgetApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Budget approved."}}
### Step 5b: Send compliance approval (replace {runId} with actual run ID from Step 1)
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId}
Content-Type: application/json
{"eventName": "ComplianceApproval", "response": {"Approved": true, "Comments": "Compliance approved."}}
### Step 5b (alternative): Deny the expense at compliance level
POST {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/respond/{runId}
Content-Type: application/json
{"eventName": "ComplianceApproval", "response": {"Approved": false, "Comments": "Compliance requirements not met."}}
### Step 6: Check final workflow status after all approvals
GET {{authority}}/api/workflows/ExpenseReimbursement/status/{runId}
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"version": "2.0",
"logging": {
"logLevel": {
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions": "Information",
"DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.DurableTask": "Information"
}
},
"extensions": {
"durableTask": {
"hubName": "default",
"storageProvider": {
"type": "AzureManaged",
"connectionStringName": "DURABLE_TASK_SCHEDULER_CONNECTION_STRING"
}
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFrameworks>net10.0</TargetFrameworks>
<AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
<!-- The Functions build tools don't like namespaces that start with a number -->
<AssemblyName>WorkflowMcpTool</AssemblyName>
<RootNamespace>WorkflowMcpTool</RootNamespace>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Azure Functions packages -->
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask.AzureManaged" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http.AspNetCore" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Local projects that should be switched to package references when using the sample outside of this MAF repo -->
<!--
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions" />
</ItemGroup>
-->
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions.csproj" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
namespace WorkflowMcpTool;
internal sealed class TranslateText() : Executor<string, TranslationResult>("TranslateText")
{
public override ValueTask<TranslationResult> HandleAsync(
string message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[Activity] TranslateText: '{message}'");
return ValueTask.FromResult(new TranslationResult(message, message.ToUpperInvariant()));
}
}
internal sealed class FormatOutput() : Executor<TranslationResult, string>("FormatOutput")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
TranslationResult message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine("[Activity] FormatOutput: Formatting result");
return ValueTask.FromResult($"Original: {message.Original} => Translated: {message.Translated}");
}
}
internal sealed class LookupOrder() : Executor<string, OrderInfo>("LookupOrder")
{
public override ValueTask<OrderInfo> HandleAsync(
string message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[Activity] LookupOrder: '{message}'");
return ValueTask.FromResult(new OrderInfo(message, "Alice Johnson", "Wireless Headphones", Quantity: 2, UnitPrice: 49.99m));
}
}
internal sealed class EnrichOrder() : Executor<OrderInfo, OrderSummary>("EnrichOrder")
{
public override ValueTask<OrderSummary> HandleAsync(
OrderInfo message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[Activity] EnrichOrder: '{message.OrderId}'");
return ValueTask.FromResult(new OrderSummary(message, TotalPrice: message.Quantity * message.UnitPrice, Status: "Confirmed"));
}
}
internal sealed record TranslationResult(string Original, string Translated);
internal sealed record OrderInfo(string OrderId, string CustomerName, string Product, int Quantity, decimal UnitPrice);
internal sealed record OrderSummary(OrderInfo Order, decimal TotalPrice, string Status);
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// This sample demonstrates how to expose a durable workflow as an MCP (Model Context Protocol) tool.
// When using AddWorkflow with exposeMcpToolTrigger: true, the Functions host will automatically
// generate a remote MCP endpoint for the app at /runtime/webhooks/mcp with a workflow-specific
// tool name. MCP-compatible clients can then invoke the workflow as a tool.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using WorkflowMcpTool;
// Define executors
TranslateText translateText = new();
FormatOutput formatOutput = new();
LookupOrder lookupOrder = new();
EnrichOrder enrichOrder = new();
// Build a simple workflow: TranslateText -> FormatOutput
Workflow translateWorkflow = new WorkflowBuilder(translateText)
.WithName("Translate")
.WithDescription("Translate text to uppercase and format the result")
.AddEdge(translateText, formatOutput)
.Build();
// Build a workflow that returns a POCO: LookupOrder -> EnrichOrder
Workflow orderLookupWorkflow = new WorkflowBuilder(lookupOrder)
.WithName("OrderLookup")
.WithDescription("Look up an order by ID and return enriched order details")
.AddEdge(lookupOrder, enrichOrder)
.Build();
using IHost app = FunctionsApplication
.CreateBuilder(args)
.ConfigureFunctionsWebApplication()
.ConfigureDurableWorkflows(workflows =>
{
// Expose both workflows as MCP tool triggers.
workflows.AddWorkflow(translateWorkflow, exposeStatusEndpoint: false, exposeMcpToolTrigger: true);
workflows.AddWorkflow(orderLookupWorkflow, exposeStatusEndpoint: false, exposeMcpToolTrigger: true);
})
.Build();
app.Run();
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
# Workflow as MCP Tool Sample
This sample demonstrates how to expose durable workflows as [MCP (Model Context Protocol)](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/) tools, enabling MCP-compatible clients to invoke workflows directly.
## Key Concepts Demonstrated
- **Workflow as MCP Tool**: Expose workflows as callable MCP tools using `exposeMcpToolTrigger: true`
- **MCP Server Hosting**: The Azure Functions host automatically generates a remote MCP endpoint at `/runtime/webhooks/mcp`
- **String and POCO Results**: Shows workflows returning both plain strings and structured JSON objects
## Sample Architecture
The sample creates two workflows exposed as MCP tools:
### Translate Workflow (returns a string)
| Executor | Input | Output | Description |
|----------|-------|--------|-------------|
| **TranslateText** | `string` | `TranslationResult` | Converts input text to uppercase |
| **FormatOutput** | `TranslationResult` | `string` | Formats the result into a readable string |
### OrderLookup Workflow (returns a POCO)
| Executor | Input | Output | Description |
|----------|-------|--------|-------------|
| **LookupOrder** | `string` | `OrderInfo` | Looks up an order by ID |
| **EnrichOrder** | `OrderInfo` | `OrderSummary` | Adds computed fields (total price, status) |
## Environment Setup
See the [README.md](../../README.md) file in the parent directory for complete setup instructions, including:
- Prerequisites installation
- Durable Task Scheduler setup
- Storage emulator configuration
For this sample, you'll also need [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download) to use the [MCP Inspector](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs/tools/inspector).
## Running the Sample
1. **Start the Function App**:
```bash
cd dotnet/samples/04-hosting/DurableWorkflows/AzureFunctions/04_WorkflowMcpTool
func start
```
2. **Note the MCP Server Endpoint**: When the app starts, you'll see the MCP server endpoint in the terminal output:
```text
MCP server endpoint: http://localhost:7071/runtime/webhooks/mcp
```
## Invoking Workflows via MCP Inspector
1. Install and run the [MCP Inspector](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs/tools/inspector):
```bash
npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector
```
2. Connect to the MCP server endpoint:
- For **Transport Type**, select **"Streamable HTTP"**
- For **URL**, enter `http://localhost:7071/runtime/webhooks/mcp`
- Click the **Connect** button
3. Click the **List Tools** button. You should see two tools: `Translate` and `OrderLookup`.
4. Test the **Translate** tool (returns a plain string):
- Select the `Translate` tool
- Set `hello world` as the `input` parameter
- Click **Run Tool**
- Expected result: `Original: hello world => Translated: HELLO WORLD`
5. Test the **OrderLookup** tool (returns a JSON object):
- Select the `OrderLookup` tool
- Set `ORD-2025-42` as the `input` parameter
- Click **Run Tool**
- Expected result: A JSON object containing order details such as `OrderId`, `CustomerName`, `Product`, `TotalPrice`, and `Status`
You'll see the workflow executor activities logged in the terminal where you ran `func start`.
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"version": "2.0",
"logging": {
"logLevel": {
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions": "Information",
"DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.DurableTask": "Information"
}
},
"extensions": {
"durableTask": {
"hubName": "default",
"storageProvider": {
"type": "AzureManaged",
"connectionStringName": "DURABLE_TASK_SCHEDULER_CONNECTION_STRING"
}
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFrameworks>net10.0</TargetFrameworks>
<AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
<!-- The Functions build tools don't like namespaces that start with a number -->
<AssemblyName>WorkflowAndAgents</AssemblyName>
<RootNamespace>WorkflowAndAgents</RootNamespace>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Azure Functions packages -->
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.DurableTask.AzureManaged" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http.AspNetCore" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Azure.AI.OpenAI" />
<PackageReference Include="Azure.Identity" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Local projects that should be switched to package references when using the sample outside of this MAF repo -->
<!--
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI" />
</ItemGroup>
-->
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions\Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions.csproj" />
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\..\..\src\Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI\Microsoft.Agents.AI.OpenAI.csproj" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
namespace WorkflowAndAgents;
internal sealed class TranslateText() : Executor<string, TranslationResult>("TranslateText")
{
public override ValueTask<TranslationResult> HandleAsync(
string message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[Activity] TranslateText: '{message}'");
return ValueTask.FromResult(new TranslationResult(message, message.ToUpperInvariant()));
}
}
internal sealed class FormatOutput() : Executor<TranslationResult, string>("FormatOutput")
{
public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(
TranslationResult message,
IWorkflowContext context,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
Console.WriteLine("[Activity] FormatOutput: Formatting result");
return ValueTask.FromResult($"Original: {message.Original} => Translated: {message.Translated}");
}
}
internal sealed record TranslationResult(string Original, string Translated);
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// This sample demonstrates using ConfigureDurableOptions to register BOTH agents AND workflows
// in a single Azure Functions app. It uses a workflow to translate text and a standalone AI agent
// accessible via HTTP and MCP tool triggers.
#pragma warning disable IDE0002 // Simplify Member Access
using Azure;
using Azure.AI.OpenAI;
using Azure.Identity;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions;
using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using OpenAI.Chat;
using WorkflowAndAgents;
// Get the Azure OpenAI endpoint and deployment name from environment variables.
string endpoint = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT")
?? throw new InvalidOperationException("AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT is not set.");
string deploymentName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT_NAME")
?? throw new InvalidOperationException("AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT_NAME is not set.");
// Use Azure Key Credential if provided, otherwise use Azure CLI Credential.
string? azureOpenAiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY");
AzureOpenAIClient client = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(azureOpenAiKey)
? new AzureOpenAIClient(new Uri(endpoint), new AzureKeyCredential(azureOpenAiKey))
// WARNING: DefaultAzureCredential is convenient for development but requires careful consideration in production.
// In production, consider using a specific credential (e.g., ManagedIdentityCredential) to avoid
// latency issues, unintended credential probing, and potential security risks from fallback mechanisms.
: new AzureOpenAIClient(new Uri(endpoint), new DefaultAzureCredential());
ChatClient chatClient = client.GetChatClient(deploymentName);
// Define a standalone AI agent
AIAgent assistant = chatClient.AsAIAgent(
"You are a helpful assistant. Answer questions clearly and concisely.",
"Assistant",
description: "A general-purpose helpful assistant.");
// Define workflow executors
TranslateText translateText = new();
FormatOutput formatOutput = new();
// Build a workflow: TranslateText -> FormatOutput
Workflow translateWorkflow = new WorkflowBuilder(translateText)
.WithName("Translate")
.WithDescription("Translate text to uppercase and format the result")
.AddEdge(translateText, formatOutput)
.Build();
// Use ConfigureDurableOptions to register both agents and workflows together
using IHost app = FunctionsApplication
.CreateBuilder(args)
.ConfigureFunctionsWebApplication()
.ConfigureDurableOptions(options =>
{
// Register the standalone agent with HTTP and MCP tool triggers
options.Agents.AddAIAgent(assistant, enableHttpTrigger: true, enableMcpToolTrigger: true);
// Register the workflow with an HTTP endpoint and MCP tool trigger
options.Workflows.AddWorkflow(translateWorkflow, exposeStatusEndpoint: false, exposeMcpToolTrigger: true);
})
.Build();
app.Run();
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
# Workflow and Agents Sample
This sample demonstrates how to use `ConfigureDurableOptions` to register **both** AI agents **and** workflows in a single Azure Functions app. This is the recommended approach when your application needs both standalone agents and orchestrated workflows.
## Key Concepts Demonstrated
- **Unified Configuration**: Use `ConfigureDurableOptions` to register agents and workflows together
- **Standalone Agent**: An AI agent accessible via HTTP and MCP tool triggers
- **Workflow**: A simple text translation workflow also exposed as an MCP tool
- **Mixed Triggers**: Both agents and workflows coexist in the same Functions host
## Sample Architecture
### Standalone Agent
| Agent | Description |
|-------|-------------|
| **Assistant** | A general-purpose AI assistant accessible via HTTP (`/agents/Assistant/run`) and as an MCP tool |
### Translate Workflow
| Executor | Input | Output | Description |
|----------|-------|--------|-------------|
| **TranslateText** | `string` | `TranslationResult` | Converts input text to uppercase |
| **FormatOutput** | `TranslationResult` | `string` | Formats the result into a readable string |
## Environment Setup
See the [README.md](../../README.md) file in the parent directory for complete setup instructions, including:
- Prerequisites installation
- Durable Task Scheduler setup
- Storage emulator configuration
This sample also requires Azure OpenAI credentials. Set the following in `local.settings.json`:
- `AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT`: Your Azure OpenAI endpoint URL
- `AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT_NAME`: Your chat model deployment name
- `AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY` (optional): If not set, Azure CLI credential is used
## Running the Sample
1. **Start the Function App**:
```bash
cd dotnet/samples/04-hosting/DurableWorkflows/AzureFunctions/05_WorkflowAndAgents
func start
```
2. **Expected Functions**: When the app starts, you should see functions for both the agent and the workflow:
- `dafx-Assistant` (entity trigger for the agent)
- `http-Assistant` (HTTP trigger for the agent)
- `mcptool-Assistant` (MCP tool trigger for the agent)
- `wf-Translate` (orchestration trigger for the workflow)
- `mcptool-wf-Translate` (MCP tool trigger for the workflow)
## Invoking the Agent via HTTP
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/agents/Assistant/run \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"query": "What is the capital of France?"}'
```
## Invoking via MCP Inspector
1. Install and run the [MCP Inspector](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs/tools/inspector):
```bash
npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector
```
2. Connect to `http://localhost:7071/runtime/webhooks/mcp` using **Streamable HTTP** transport.
3. Click **List Tools** to see both the `Assistant` agent tool and the `Translate` workflow tool.
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"version": "2.0",
"logging": {
"logLevel": {
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.Agents.AI.Hosting.AzureFunctions": "Information",
"DurableTask": "Information",
"Microsoft.DurableTask": "Information"
}
},
"extensions": {
"durableTask": {
"hubName": "default",
"storageProvider": {
"type": "AzureManaged",
"connectionStringName": "DURABLE_TASK_SCHEDULER_CONNECTION_STRING"
}
}
}
}