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<h1>用证据深度学习来量化分类不确定性</h1>
<p>这是 P <a href="https://pytorch.org">yTorch</a> 对《<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01768">量化分类不确定性的证据深度学习</a>》论文的实现。</p>
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dempster%E2%80%93Shafer_theory">Dampster-Shafer 证据理论</a>为信仰群体分配了一组类别(与为单个类别分配概率不同)。所有子集的质量总和为<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span>。个别类别的概率(合理性)可以从这些质量中推导出来。</p>
<p>为所有类别的集合分配质量意味着它可以是任何一个类别;即说 “我不知道”。</p>
<p>如果有<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span></span>等级,我们<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.84444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbq" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">0</span></span></span></span></span>为每个等级分配质量,为所有类别分配总体不<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.7719400000000001em;vertical-align:-0.13597em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">u</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">0</span></span></span></span></span>确定性质量。</p>
<p><span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.66666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">u</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.1304490000000005em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbq" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>信仰众<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.84444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbq" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>多,<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">u</span></span></span></span></span></span>可以根据证据计算得出<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.7859700000000001em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">0</span></span></span></span></span><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.84444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbq" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.062252em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.717252em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.41586em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span>,无论<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.217331em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbf" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqbv" style="">u</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.872331em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>在何处<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span>。Paper 使用术语证据来衡量从数据中收集的支持量,支持将样本归类为特定类别。</p>
<p>这对应于带有参数的<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet_distribution">狄利克雷分布</a><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqv" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqv" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>,被<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.58056em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.30110799999999993em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">0</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqt" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqt" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop coloredeq eqt" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>称为狄利克雷强度。狄利克雷分布<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqq" style="margin-right:0.02778em">D</span><span class="mopen coloredeq eqq" style="">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqq" style=""><span class="mord mathbf coloredeq eqbi" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqq" style=""></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;color:orange">α</span><span class="mclose coloredeq eqq" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span>是类别分布上的分布;也就是说,你可以从狄利克雷分布中抽取类概率。上课的预期概率<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span></span><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.062252em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqs" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.717252em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em"></span></span><span style="top:-3.41586em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>我们让模型输出给定输入<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.44444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathbf">e</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.66666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;color:orange">α</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbj" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">x</span></span><span class="mord">∣Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span></span>的证据<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.44444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbj" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">x</span></span></span></span></span></span>。我们在最后一层使用诸如 <a href="https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.ReLU.html">ReLU</a><a href="https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.Softplus.html">Softplus</a> 之类的函数来获取<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbj" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">x</span></span><span class="mord">∣Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">0</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>本文提出了一些用于训练模型的损失函数,我们在下面实现了这些函数。</p>
<p>这是在 MNIST 数据集上<a href="experiment.html">训练模型的训练代码<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">experiment</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span></code>
</a></p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">52</span><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">torch</span>
<span class="lineno">53</span>
<span class="lineno">54</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">tracker</span>
<span class="lineno">55</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_helpers.module</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Module</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-1'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-1'>#</a>
</div>
<p><a id="MaximumLikelihoodLoss"></a></p>
<h2>类型 II 最大似然损失</h2>
<p>分布<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqq" style="margin-right:0.02778em">D</span><span class="mopen coloredeq eqq" style="">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqq" style=""><span class="mord mathbf coloredeq eqbi" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqq" style=""></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;color:orange">α</span><span class="mclose coloredeq eqq" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span>是似然的先验<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">u</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">lt</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span>,负对数边际似然是通过积分类概率来计算的<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>如果目标概率(一热目标)是<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>针对给定样本的,则损失为,</p>
<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:6.860898000000001em;vertical-align:-3.1804490000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-r"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.6804490000000003em;"><span style="top:-5.680449em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathcal">L</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.1804490000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.6804490000000003em;"><span style="top:-5.680449em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7822999999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.3986920000000005em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.180908em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3013079999999999em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;color:orange">α</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.936em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9017679999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.398692em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.1506600000000002em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mbin mtight"></span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.30130799999999996em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.1804490000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">58</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MaximumLikelihoodLoss</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-2'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-2'>#</a>
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<ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">evidence</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.78041em;vertical-align:-0.13597em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbe" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">e</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style=""></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
</ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">target</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">83</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-3'>
<div class='docs'>
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<a href='#section-3'>#</a>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqv" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqv" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">89</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">1.</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-4'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-4'>#</a>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqt" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqt" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop coloredeq eqt" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">91</span> <span class="n">strength</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-5'>
<div class='docs'>
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<a href='#section-5'>#</a>
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<p>亏损<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathcal">L</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.40003em;vertical-align:-0.95003em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.40003em;vertical-align:-0.95003em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">94</span> <span class="n">loss</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strength</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">log</span><span class="p">()[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">log</span><span class="p">()))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-6'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-6'>#</a>
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<p>整个批次的平均损失</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">97</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">loss</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-7'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-7'>#</a>
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<p><a id="CrossEntropyBayesRisk"></a></p>
<h2>交叉熵损失的贝叶斯风险</h2>
<p>贝叶斯风险是做出错误估算的总体最大成本。它采用一个成本函数,该函数给出了做出错误估计的成本,并根据概率分布将其与所有可能的结果相加。</p>
<p>这里的代价函数是交叉熵损失,用于一次热编码<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span></span></span></span></span><span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.1304490000000005em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqz" style=""><span class="mop op-limits" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style=""></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop" style=""><span style="">l</span><span style="">o</span><span style="margin-right:0.01389em">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>我们整合了这个成本<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:6.860898000000001em;vertical-align:-3.1804490000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-r"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.6804490000000003em;"><span style="top:-5.680449em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathcal">L</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.1804490000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.6804490000000003em;"><span style="top:-5.680449em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">[</span></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqz" style=""><span class="mop op-limits" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style=""></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop" style=""><span style="">l</span><span style="">o</span><span style="margin-right:0.01389em">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">]</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;color:orange">α</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.936em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9017679999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.398692em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.1506600000000002em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mbin mtight"></span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.30130799999999996em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">(</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.1804490000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbo" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">d</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">g</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">amma</span></span></span></span></span></span>函数在<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbh" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">ψ</span><span class="mopen" style="">(</span><span class="mord" style=""></span><span class="mclose" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span>哪里。</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">100</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CrossEntropyBayesRisk</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-8'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-8'>#</a>
</div>
<ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">evidence</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.78041em;vertical-align:-0.13597em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbe" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">e</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style=""></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
</ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">target</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">130</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-9'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-9'>#</a>
</div>
<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqv" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqv" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">136</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">1.</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-10'>
<div class='docs'>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqt" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqt" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop coloredeq eqt" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">138</span> <span class="n">strength</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<p>亏损<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathcal">L</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.40003em;vertical-align:-0.95003em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">(</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.40003em;vertical-align:-0.95003em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size3">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">141</span> <span class="n">loss</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">digamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strength</span><span class="p">)[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">digamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<p>整个批次的平均损失</p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">144</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">loss</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
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<p><a id="SquaredErrorBayesRisk"></a></p>
<h2>误差损失平方时的贝叶斯风险</h2>
<p>这里的成本函数是平方误差,<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.1304490000000005em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.1141079999999999em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose"><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.1141079999999999em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>我们整合了这个成本<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:10.291347000000002em;vertical-align:-4.8956735em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-r"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:5.395673500000001em;"><span style="top:-7.395673500000001em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathcal">L</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.9652245000000006em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span><span style="top:-0.5347755000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:4.8956735em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:5.395673500000001em;"><span style="top:-7.395673500000001em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">[</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose"><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">]</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;color:orange">α</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.936em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9017679999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.398692em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.1506600000000002em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mbin mtight"></span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.30130799999999996em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.9652245000000006em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">[</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">]</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-0.5347755000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:4.8956735em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><p>从狄<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.7935599999999998em;vertical-align:-0.686em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqs" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.1075599999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>利克雷分布采样时的预期概率在哪里,方差<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.1141079999999999em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.1141079999999999em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose"><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">Var</span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span></span><span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">Var</span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.363em;vertical-align:-0.936em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.427em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.740108em;"><span style="top:-2.9890000000000003em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.936em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.19633em;vertical-align:-0.7693300000000001em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.427em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7693300000000001em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>哪里。</p>
<p>这给了,</p>
<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:13.721796000000001em;vertical-align:-6.6108980000000015em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-r"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:7.110898000000001em;"><span style="top:-9.110898em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathcal">L</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">Θ</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-5.680449em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span><span style="top:1.1804490000000012em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:6.6108980000000015em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:7.110898000000001em;"><span style="top:-9.110898em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-5.680449em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose"><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">Var</span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size1">(</span></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size1">)</span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.054008em;"><span style="top:-3.3029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">Var</span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:1.1804490000000012em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.828336em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose"><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.427em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7693300000000001em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:6.6108980000000015em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><p>方程的第一部分<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.20001em;vertical-align:-0.35001em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size1">(</span></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.404018em;vertical-align:-0.35001em;"></span><span class="mord mathbb">E</span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size1">)</span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.054008em;"><span style="top:-3.3029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>是误差项,第二部分是方差。</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">147</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SquaredErrorBayesRisk</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-14'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-14'>#</a>
</div>
<ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">evidence</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.78041em;vertical-align:-0.13597em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbe" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">e</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style=""></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
</ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">target</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">193</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-15'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-15'>#</a>
</div>
<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqv" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqv" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">199</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">1.</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-16'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-16'>#</a>
</div>
<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqt" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqt" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop coloredeq eqt" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">201</span> <span class="n">strength</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-17'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-17'>#</a>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.062252em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqs" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.717252em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em"></span></span><span style="top:-3.41586em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">203</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">strength</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span></pre></div>
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</div>
<div class='section' id='section-18'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-18'>#</a>
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<p>错误<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.064108em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose"><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">206</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">**</span> <span class="mi">2</span></pre></div>
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</div>
<div class='section' id='section-19'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-19'>#</a>
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<p>方差<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">Var</span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.413331em;vertical-align:-0.403331em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.01em;"><span style="top:-2.655em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.485em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord accent mtight" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-2.7em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-2.7em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord mtight" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen mtight">(</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span><span class="mbin mtight"></span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord accent mtight" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-2.7em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-2.7em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord mtight" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose mtight">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.403331em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">208</span> <span class="n">var</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strength</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-20'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-20'>#</a>
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<p>它们的总和</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">211</span> <span class="n">loss</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">var</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-21'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-21'>#</a>
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<p>整个批次的平均损失</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">214</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">loss</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-22'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-22'>#</a>
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<p><a id="KLDivergenceLoss"></a></p>
<h2>KL 背离正则化损失</h2>
<p>如果样本无法正确分类,这会试图将总证据缩小为零。</p>
<p>首先<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord" style="">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqo" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqo" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mopen coloredeq eqo" style="">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqo" style=""></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose coloredeq eqo" style="">)</span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>,我们在移除正确的证据后计算狄利克雷参数。</p>
<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:5.904148em;vertical-align:-2.7020739999999996em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-r"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.2020740000000005em;"><span style="top:-6.230099000000001em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span><span style="top:-3.090059000000001em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.7020739999999996em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.2020740000000005em;"><span style="top:-6.230099000000001em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">L</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">[</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.25971999999999995em;"><span class="mord mathbf">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing mult"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.1619950000000001em;"><span style="top:-1.9659950000000004em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.61601em;"></span><span class="delimsizinginner delim-size1"><span></span></span></span><span style="top:-2.5639950000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.61601em;"></span><span style="height:0.61601em;width:0.556em;"><svg height="0.61601em" preserveaspectratio="xMinYMin" style="width:0.556em" viewbox="0 0 556 616" width="0.556em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M145 0 H188 V616 H145z M145 0 H188 V616 H145zM367 0 H410 V616 H367z M367 0 H410 V616 H367z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3.1720050000000004em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.61601em;"></span><span class="delimsizinginner delim-size1"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6500149999999999em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbi" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">p</span></span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">&lt;</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="minner"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">&gt;</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">]</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.090059000000001em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.19002em;"><span style="top:-2.278769em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.38em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-4.1900200000000005em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.170941em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">[</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9201899999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span></span><span style="top:-3.6023300000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">]</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.7020739999999996em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><p>其中<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span>是 gamma 函数,<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbh" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">ψ</span><span class="mopen" style="">(</span><span class="mord" style=""></span><span class="mclose" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbo" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">d</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">g</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">amma</span></span></span></span></span></span>函数和<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq equ" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9201899999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span><span style="top:-3.6023300000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord" style="">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">217</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">KLDivergenceLoss</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-23'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-23'>#</a>
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<ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">evidence</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.78041em;vertical-align:-0.13597em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbe" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="">e</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style=""></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
</ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">target</span></code>
<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.63888em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbk" style=""><span class="mord mathbf" style="margin-right:0.01597em">y</span></span></span></span></span></span>有形状的<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">]</span></code>
</li>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">241</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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</div>
<div class='section' id='section-24'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-24'>#</a>
</div>
<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqv" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqv" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">247</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">1.</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-25'>
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<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-25'>#</a>
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<p>班级数</p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">249</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-26'>
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<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-26'>#</a>
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<p>移除非误导性证据<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord" style="">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqo" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqo" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mopen coloredeq eqo" style="">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqo" style=""></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqo" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbr" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.03588em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose coloredeq eqo" style="">)</span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">252</span> <span class="n">alpha_tilde</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">alpha</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-27'>
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<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-27'>#</a>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq equ" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9201899999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span><span style="top:-3.6023300000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord" style="">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">254</span> <span class="n">strength_tilde</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha_tilde</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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</div>
<div class='section' id='section-28'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-28'>#</a>
</div>
<p>第一学期</p>
<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:7.170499em;vertical-align:-3.3352495em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-r"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.8352495em;"><span style="top:-5.8352495em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span><span style="top:-2.4568835000000004em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.3352495em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.8352495em;"><span style="top:-5.8352495em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.19002em;"><span style="top:-2.278769em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.38em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-4.1900200000000005em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em;"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.170941em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-2.4568835000000004em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:4.1900200000000005em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop">lo<span style="margin-right:0.01389em;">g</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord">Γ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:3.3352495em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><p></p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">265</span> <span class="n">first</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lgamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha_tilde</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="lineno">266</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lgamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha_tilde</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new_tensor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n_classes</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="lineno">267</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lgamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha_tilde</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-29'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-29'>#</a>
</div>
<p>第二学期<span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.1304490000000005em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.8283360000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op"></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbt" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.80002em;vertical-align:-0.65002em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">[</span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.6678599999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em;">α</span></span><span style="top:-3.35em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.22222em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbu" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.80002em;vertical-align:-0.65002em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">ψ</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9201899999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span></span><span style="top:-3.6023300000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord">~</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mord"><span class="delimsizing size2">]</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">272</span> <span class="n">second</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span>
<span class="lineno">273</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha_tilde</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="lineno">274</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">digamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha_tilde</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">digamma</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strength_tilde</span><span class="p">)[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="lineno">275</span> <span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-30'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-30'>#</a>
</div>
<p>条款总和</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">278</span> <span class="n">loss</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">first</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">second</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-31'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-31'>#</a>
</div>
<p>整个批次的平均损失</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">281</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">loss</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-32'>
<div class='docs doc-strings'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-32'>#</a>
</div>
<p><a id="TrackStatistics"></a></p>
<h3>追踪统计数据</h3>
<p>该模块计算统计数据并使用 <a href="https://docs.labml.ai/api/tracker.html">labml</a> 对其进行跟踪<code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">tracker</span></code>
</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">284</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">TrackStatistics</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-33'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-33'>#</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">292</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-34'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-34'>#</a>
</div>
<p>班级数</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">294</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-35'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-35'>#</a>
</div>
<p>与目标正确匹配的预测(基于最高概率的贪婪抽样)</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">296</span> <span class="n">match</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">argmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">argmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-36'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
<a href='#section-36'>#</a>
</div>
<p>轨道精度</p>
</div>
<div class='code'>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">298</span> <span class="n">tracker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;accuracy.&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">match</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">match</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='section' id='section-37'>
<div class='docs'>
<div class='section-link'>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqv" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin coloredeq eqv" style="">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqv" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">301</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">evidence</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">1.</span></pre></div>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2809409999999999em;vertical-align:-0.29971000000000003em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqt" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel coloredeq eqt" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mop coloredeq eqt" style=""><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="position:relative;top:-0.0000050000000000050004em"></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.981231em;"><span style="top:-2.40029em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">=</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqbs" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2029em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.29971000000000003em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">303</span> <span class="n">strength</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.062252em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqs" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.717252em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em"></span></span><span style="top:-3.41586em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="color:orange"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.0037em">α</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3448em;"><span style="top:-2.3487714285714287em;margin-left:-0.0037em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15122857142857138em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">306</span> <span class="n">expected_probability</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">strength</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span></pre></div>
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<p>所选(贪婪的最高概率)类别的预期概率</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">308</span> <span class="n">expected_probability</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">expected_probability</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<p>不确定性质量<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.217331em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbf" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal coloredeq eqbv" style="">u</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel" style="">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.872331em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.05764em">S</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbt" style="margin-right:0.07153em">K</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">311</span> <span class="n">uncertainty_mass</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n_classes</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">strength</span></pre></div>
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<p>追踪<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">u</span></span></span></span></span></span>正确的预测</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">314</span> <span class="n">tracker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;u.succ.&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">uncertainty_mass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">masked_select</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">match</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
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<p>追踪错误<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbv" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">u</span></span></span></span></span></span>的预测</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">316</span> <span class="n">tracker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;u.fail.&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">uncertainty_mass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">masked_select</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">match</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
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<p>追踪<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>正确的预测</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">318</span> <span class="n">tracker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;prob.succ.&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">expected_probability</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">masked_select</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">match</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
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<p>追踪错误<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqbl" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord accent" style=""><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.16666em;"><span class="mord" style="">^</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqbu" style="margin-right:0.03148em">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>的预测</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">320</span> <span class="n">tracker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;prob.fail.&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">expected_probability</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">masked_select</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">match</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
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