huggingface--transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/rf_detr.md

This model was published in HF papers on 2024-07-24 and contributed to Hugging Face Transformers on 2026-05-07.

RF-DETR

RF-DETR proposes a Receptive Field Detection Transformer (DETR) architecture designed to compete with and surpass the dominant YOLO series for real-time object detection. It achieves a new state-of-the-art balance between speed (latency) and accuracy (mAP) by combining recent transformer advances with efficient design choices.

The RF-DETR architecture is characterized by its simple and efficient structure: a DINOv2 Backbone, a Projector, and a shallow DETR Decoder. It enhances the DETR architecture for efficiency and speed using the following core modifications:

1. DINOv2 Backbone: Uses a powerful DINOv2 backbone for robust feature extraction.
2. Group DETR Training: Utilizes Group-Wise One-to-Many Assignment during training to accelerate convergence.
3. Richer Input: Aggregates multi-level features from the backbone and uses a C2f Projector (similarly to YOLOv8) to pass multi-scale features.
4. Faster Decoder: Employs a shallow 3-layer DETR decoder with deformable cross-attention for lower latency.
5. Optimized Queries: Uses a mixed-query scheme combining learnable content queries and generated spatial queries.

You can find all the available RF-DETR checkpoints under the Roboflow organization. The original code can be found here.

Thanks to the weight conversion mapping, RfDetr is compatible with models from the original rf-detr library as well as models that you trained using the Roboflow platform. This means you can use Roboflow platform to train your model and use RfDetr in transformers to import the weights and deploy your model anywhere.

Tip

Click on the RF-DETR models in the right sidebar for more examples of how to apply RF-DETR to different object detection tasks.

The example below demonstrates how to perform object detection with the [Pipeline] and the [AutoModel] class.

from transformers import pipeline
import torch

pipeline = pipeline("object-detection", model="Roboflow/rf-detr-medium", device_map="auto")

pipeline("http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg")

from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, AutoModelForObjectDetection
from PIL import Image
import httpx
from io import BytesIO
import torch

url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image = Image.open(BytesIO(httpx.get(url).content))

image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("Roboflow/rf-detr-medium")
model = AutoModelForObjectDetection.from_pretrained("Roboflow/rf-detr-medium", device_map="auto")

# prepare image for the model
inputs = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

with torch.no_grad():
    outputs = model(**inputs)

results = image_processor.post_process_object_detection(outputs, target_sizes=torch.tensor([image.size[::-1]]), threshold=0.3)

for result in results:
    for score, label_id, box in zip(result["scores"], result["labels"], result["boxes"]):
        score, label = score.item(), label_id.item()
        box = [round(i, 2) for i in box.tolist()]
        print(f"{model.config.id2label[label]}: {score:.2f} {box}")

Visualizing results with supervision

You can use the supervision library to visualize detection and segmentation results. Install it with pip install supervision.

from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, AutoModelForObjectDetection
from PIL import Image
import supervision as sv

import httpx
from io import BytesIO
import torch

url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image = Image.open(BytesIO(httpx.get(url).content))

image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("Roboflow/rf-detr-medium")
model = AutoModelForObjectDetection.from_pretrained("Roboflow/rf-detr-medium", device_map="auto")

inputs = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

with torch.no_grad():
    outputs = model(**inputs)

results = image_processor.post_process_object_detection(
    outputs, target_sizes=torch.tensor([image.height, image.width]), threshold=0.3
)[0]

detections = sv.Detections.from_transformers(
    transformers_results=results, id2label=model.config.id2label
)

box_annotator = sv.BoxAnnotator()
label_annotator = sv.LabelAnnotator()

annotated_image = image.copy()
annotated_image = box_annotator.annotate(annotated_image, detections)
annotated_image = label_annotator.annotate(annotated_image, detections)

sv.plot_image(annotated_image)

from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, AutoModelForInstanceSegmentation
from PIL import Image
import supervision as sv
import httpx
from io import BytesIO
import torch

url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
image = Image.open(BytesIO(httpx.get(url).content))

image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("Roboflow/rf-detr-seg-medium")
model = AutoModelForInstanceSegmentation.from_pretrained("Roboflow/rf-detr-seg-medium", device_map="auto")

inputs = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

with torch.no_grad():
    outputs = model(**inputs)

results = image_processor.post_process_instance_segmentation(
    outputs, target_sizes=[image.size[::-1]], threshold=0.3
)[0]

detections = sv.Detections.from_transformers(
    transformers_results=results, id2label=model.config.id2label
)

mask_annotator = sv.MaskAnnotator()
label_annotator = sv.LabelAnnotator()

annotated_image = image.copy()
annotated_image = mask_annotator.annotate(annotated_image, detections)
annotated_image = label_annotator.annotate(annotated_image, detections)

sv.plot_image(annotated_image)

Resources

• Scripts for finetuning [RfDetrForObjectDetection] with [Trainer] or Accelerate can be found here.
• See also: Object detection task guide.

RfDetrConfig

autodoc RfDetrConfig

RfDetrDinov2Config

autodoc RfDetrDinov2Config

RfDetrImageProcessor

autodoc RfDetrImageProcessor - preprocess - post_process_object_detection - post_process_instance_segmentation

RfDetrModel

autodoc RfDetrModel - forward

RfDetrForObjectDetection

autodoc RfDetrForObjectDetection - forward

RfDetrForInstanceSegmentation

autodoc RfDetrForInstanceSegmentation - forward

RfDetrDinov2Backbone

autodoc RfDetrDinov2Backbone - forward