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2026-07-13 12:37:18 +08:00

7.2 KiB

Penn Treebank

Tag Description
ADJP Adjective Phrase.
ADVP Adverb Phrase.
CONJP Conjunction Phrase.
FRAG Fragment.
INTJ Interjection. Corresponds approximately to the part-of-speech tag UH.
LST List marker. Includes surrounding punctuation.
NAC Not a Constituent; used to show the scope of certain prenominal modifiers within an NP.
NP Noun Phrase.
NX - Used within certain complex NPs to mark the head of the NP. Corresponds very roughly to N-bar level but used quite differently.
PP Prepositional Phrase.
PRN Parenthetical
PRT Particle. Category for words that should be tagged RP.
QP Quantifier Phrase (i.e. complex measure/amount phrase); used within NP.
ROOT No description
RRC Reduced Relative Clause.
S conjunction or a wh-word and that does not exhibit subject-verb inversion.
SBAR Clause introduced by a (possibly empty) subordinating conjunction.
SBARQ - Direct question introduced by a wh-word or a wh-phrase. Indirect questions and relative clauses should be bracketed as SBAR, not SBARQ.
SINV - Inverted declarative sentence, i.e. one in which the subject follows the tensed verb or modal.
SQ Inverted yes/no question, or main clause of a wh-question, following the wh-phrase in SBARQ.
UCP Unlike Coordinated Phrase.
VP Verb Phrase.
WHADJP Wh-adjective Phrase. Adjectival phrase containing a wh-adverb, as in how hot.
WHADVP - Wh-adverb Phrase. Introduces a clause with an NP gap. May be null (containing the 0 complementizer) or lexical, containing a wh-adverb such as how or why.
WHNP - Wh-noun Phrase. Introduces a clause with an NP gap. May be null (containing the 0 complementizer) or lexical, containing some wh-word, e.g. who, which book, whose daughter, none of which, or how many leopards.
WHPP - Wh-prepositional Phrase. Prepositional phrase containing a wh-noun phrase (such as of which or by whose authority) that either introduces a PP gap or is contained by a WHNP.
X - Unknown, uncertain, or unbracketable. X is often used for bracketing typos and in bracketing the…​the-constructions.