gohugoio--hugo/docs/content/en/quick-reference/glob-patterns.md

title, description, categories, keywords

title	description	categories	keywords
Glob patterns	A quick reference guide to glob pattern syntax and matching rules for wildcards, character sets, and delimiters, featuring illustrative examples.

{{% glossary-term "glob pattern" %}}

The table below details the supported glob pattern syntax and its matching behavior. Each example illustrates a specific match type, the pattern used, and the expected boolean result when evaluated against a test string.

Match type	Glob pattern	Test string	Match?
Simple wildcard	a/*.md	a/page.md	true
Literal match	'a/*.md'	a/*.md	true
Single-level wildcard	a/*/page.md	a/b/page.md	true
Single-level wildcard	a/*/page.md	a/b/c/page.md	false
Multi-level wildcard	a/**/page.md	a/b/c/page.md	true
Single character	file.???	file.txt	true
Single character	file.???	file.js	false
Delimiter exclusion	?at	f/at	false
Character list	f.[jt]xt	f.txt	true
Negated list	f.[!j]xt	f.txt	true
Character range	f.[a-c].txt	f.b.txt	true
Character range	f.[a-c].txt	f.z.txt	false
Negated range	f.[!a-c].txt	f.z.txt	true
Pattern alternates	*.{jpg,png}	logo.png	true
No match	*.{jpg,png}	logo.webp	false

The matching logic follows these rules:

• Standard wildcard (*) matches any character except for a delimiter.
• Super wildcard (**) matches any character including delimiters.
• Single character (?) matches exactly one character, excluding delimiters.
• Negation (!) matches any character except those specified in a list or range when used inside brackets.
• Character ranges ([a-z]) match any single character within the specified range.

The delimiter is a slash (/), except when matching semantic version strings, where the delimiter is a dot (.).