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This commit is contained in:
wehub-resource-sync
2026-07-13 11:57:56 +08:00
commit 09a3d3ab17
3146 changed files with 1305073 additions and 0 deletions
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# dependencies
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
# third-party
# ...
# flags
llama_add_compile_flags()
# tools
if (EMSCRIPTEN)
else()
add_subdirectory(batched-bench)
add_subdirectory(gguf-split)
add_subdirectory(imatrix)
add_subdirectory(llama-bench)
add_subdirectory(completion)
add_subdirectory(perplexity)
add_subdirectory(quantize)
if (LLAMA_BUILD_SERVER)
add_subdirectory(ui)
add_subdirectory(cli)
add_subdirectory(server)
endif()
add_subdirectory(tokenize)
add_subdirectory(parser)
add_subdirectory(tts)
add_subdirectory(mtmd)
if (GGML_RPC)
add_subdirectory(rpc)
endif()
if (NOT GGML_BACKEND_DL AND GGML_CPU)
# these tools use backends directly (no dynamic loading) and depend on CPU backend symbols
add_subdirectory(cvector-generator)
add_subdirectory(export-lora)
endif()
add_subdirectory(fit-params)
add_subdirectory(results)
endif()
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# llama-batched-bench-impl: batched-bench logic, reusable by app
set(TARGET llama-batched-bench-impl)
add_library(${TARGET} batched-bench.cpp)
set_target_properties(${TARGET} PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PUBLIC llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} LIBRARY)
endif()
# llama-batched-bench executable
set(TARGET llama-batched-bench)
add_executable(${TARGET} main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-batched-bench-impl)
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
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# llama.cpp/example/batched-bench
Benchmark the batched decoding performance of `llama.cpp`
## Usage
There are 2 modes of operation:
- `prompt not shared` - each batch has a separate prompt of size `PP` (i.e. `N_KV = B*(PP + TG)`)
- `prompt is shared` - there is a common prompt of size `PP` used by all batches (i.e. `N_KV = PP + B*TG`)
```bash
./llama-batched-bench -m model.gguf -c 2048 -b 2048 -ub 512 -npp 128,256,512 -ntg 128,256 -npl 1,2,4,8,16,32 [-pps]
# LLaMA 7B, F16, N_KV_MAX = 16384 (8GB), prompt not shared
./llama-batched-bench -m ./models/llama-7b/ggml-model-f16.gguf -c 16384 -b 2048 -ub 512 -ngl 99
# LLaMA 7B, Q8_0, N_KV_MAX = 16384 (8GB), prompt is shared
./llama-batched-bench -m ./models/llama-7b/ggml-model-q8_0.gguf -c 16384 -b 2048 -ub 512 -ngl 99 -pps
# custom set of batches
./llama-batched-bench -m ./models/llama-7b/ggml-model-q8_0.gguf -c 2048 -b 512 -ub 512 -ngl 999 -npp 128,256,512 -ntg 128,256 -npl 1,2,4,8,16,32
```
## Sample results
- `PP` - prompt tokens per batch
- `TG` - generated tokens per batch
- `B` - number of batches
- `N_KV` - required KV cache size
- `T_PP` - prompt processing time (i.e. time to first token)
- `S_PP` - prompt processing speed (`(B*PP)/T_PP` or `PP/T_PP`)
- `T_TG` - time to generate all batches
- `S_TG` - text generation speed (`(B*TG)/T_TG`)
- `T` - total time
- `S` - total speed (i.e. all tokens / total time)
| PP | TG | B | N_KV | T_PP s | S_PP t/s | T_TG s | S_TG t/s | T s | S t/s |
|-------|--------|------|--------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|
| 128 | 128 | 1 | 256 | 0.108 | 1186.64 | 3.079 | 41.57 | 3.187 | 80.32 |
| 128 | 128 | 2 | 512 | 0.198 | 1295.19 | 5.029 | 50.90 | 5.227 | 97.95 |
| 128 | 128 | 4 | 1024 | 0.373 | 1373.96 | 6.878 | 74.44 | 7.251 | 141.23 |
| 128 | 128 | 8 | 2048 | 0.751 | 1363.27 | 7.344 | 139.43 | 8.095 | 252.99 |
| 128 | 128 | 16 | 4096 | 1.570 | 1304.68 | 8.455 | 242.23 | 10.024 | 408.60 |
| 128 | 128 | 32 | 8192 | 3.408 | 1201.73 | 8.801 | 465.40 | 12.209 | 670.96 |
| 128 | 256 | 1 | 384 | 0.107 | 1196.70 | 6.329 | 40.45 | 6.436 | 59.67 |
| 128 | 256 | 2 | 768 | 0.194 | 1317.45 | 10.239 | 50.00 | 10.433 | 73.61 |
| 128 | 256 | 4 | 1536 | 0.366 | 1399.03 | 13.960 | 73.35 | 14.326 | 107.22 |
| 128 | 256 | 8 | 3072 | 0.751 | 1363.92 | 15.110 | 135.54 | 15.861 | 193.69 |
| 128 | 256 | 16 | 6144 | 1.569 | 1304.93 | 18.073 | 226.64 | 19.642 | 312.80 |
| 128 | 256 | 32 | 12288 | 3.409 | 1201.35 | 19.223 | 426.15 | 22.633 | 542.93 |
### JSONL output
Pass `--output-format jsonl` to output JSONL instead of Markdown, á la
```json lines
{"n_kv_max": 2048, "n_batch": 2048, "n_ubatch": 512, "flash_attn": 0, "is_pp_shared": 0, "n_gpu_layers": 99, "n_threads": 8, "n_threads_batch": 8, "pp": 128, "tg": 128, "pl": 1, "n_kv": 256, "t_pp": 0.233810, "speed_pp": 547.453064, "t_tg": 3.503684, "speed_tg": 36.532974, "t": 3.737494, "speed": 68.495094}
{"n_kv_max": 2048, "n_batch": 2048, "n_ubatch": 512, "flash_attn": 0, "is_pp_shared": 0, "n_gpu_layers": 99, "n_threads": 8, "n_threads_batch": 8, "pp": 128, "tg": 128, "pl": 2, "n_kv": 512, "t_pp": 0.422602, "speed_pp": 605.770935, "t_tg": 11.106112, "speed_tg": 23.050371, "t": 11.528713, "speed": 44.410854}
```
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#include "arg.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <clocale>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
static void print_usage(int, char ** argv) {
LOG("\nexample usage:\n");
LOG("\n %s -m model.gguf -c 2048 -b 2048 -ub 512 -npp 128,256,512 -ntg 128,256 -npl 1,2,4,8,16,32 [-pps]\n", argv[0]);
LOG("\n");
}
// satisfies -Wmissing-declarations
int llama_batched_bench(int argc, char ** argv);
int llama_batched_bench(int argc, char ** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
common_params params;
common_init();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_BENCH, print_usage)) {
return 1;
}
int is_pp_shared = params.is_pp_shared;
int is_tg_separate = params.is_tg_separate;
std::vector<int> n_pp = params.n_pp;
std::vector<int> n_tg = params.n_tg;
std::vector<int> n_pl = params.n_pl;
// init LLM
llama_backend_init();
llama_numa_init(params.numa);
// initialize the model
llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(params);
llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.path.c_str(), model_params);
if (model == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
return 1;
}
llama_context_params ctx_params = common_context_params_to_llama(params);
// ensure enough sequences are available
ctx_params.n_seq_max = n_pl.empty() ? 1 : *std::max_element(n_pl.begin(), n_pl.end());
llama_context * ctx = llama_init_from_model(model, ctx_params);
if (ctx == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: failed to create the llama_context\n" , __func__);
llama_model_free(model);
return 1;
}
const llama_vocab * vocab = llama_model_get_vocab(model);
const int32_t n_vocab = llama_vocab_n_tokens(vocab);
const auto get_token_rand = [n_vocab]() -> llama_token {
return std::rand() % n_vocab;
};
auto * mem = llama_get_memory(ctx);
const int32_t n_kv_max = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
llama_batch batch = llama_batch_init(n_kv_max, 0, 1);
// decode in batches of ctx_params.n_batch tokens
auto decode_helper = [](llama_context * ctx, llama_batch & batch, int32_t n_batch, bool synchronize) {
for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; i += n_batch) {
const int32_t n_tokens = std::min(n_batch, batch.n_tokens - i);
llama_batch batch_view = {
n_tokens,
batch.token + i,
nullptr,
batch.pos + i,
batch.n_seq_id + i,
batch.seq_id + i,
batch.logits + i,
};
const int ret = llama_decode(ctx, batch_view);
if (ret != 0) {
LOG_ERR("failed to decode the batch, n_batch = %d, ret = %d\n", n_batch, ret);
return false;
}
if (synchronize) {
llama_synchronize(ctx);
}
}
return true;
};
// warm up
{
for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
common_batch_add(batch, get_token_rand(), i, { 0 }, false);
}
if (!decode_helper(ctx, batch, ctx_params.n_batch, true)) {
LOG_ERR("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
llama_free(ctx);
llama_model_free(model);
return 1;
}
}
if (!params.batched_bench_output_jsonl) {
LOG("\n");
LOG("%s: n_kv_max = %d, n_batch = %d, n_ubatch = %d, flash_attn = %d, is_pp_shared = %d, is_tg_separate = %d, n_gpu_layers = %d, n_threads = %u, n_threads_batch = %u\n", __func__, n_kv_max, params.n_batch, params.n_ubatch, int(params.flash_attn_type), is_pp_shared, is_tg_separate, params.n_gpu_layers, ctx_params.n_threads, ctx_params.n_threads_batch);
LOG("\n");
LOG("|%6s | %6s | %4s | %6s | %8s | %8s | %8s | %8s | %8s | %8s |\n", "PP", "TG", "B", "N_KV", "T_PP s", "S_PP t/s", "T_TG s", "S_TG t/s", "T s", "S t/s");
LOG("|%6s-|-%6s-|-%4s-|-%6s-|-%8s-|-%8s-|-%8s-|-%8s-|-%8s-|-%8s-|\n", "------", "------", "----", "------", "--------", "--------", "--------", "--------", "--------", "--------");
}
for ( int i_pp = 0; i_pp < (int) n_pp.size(); ++i_pp) {
for ( int i_tg = 0; i_tg < (int) n_tg.size(); ++i_tg) {
for (int i_pl = 0; i_pl < (int) n_pl.size(); ++i_pl) {
const int pp = n_pp[i_pp];
const int tg = n_tg[i_tg];
const int pl = n_pl[i_pl];
const int n_ctx_req = is_pp_shared ? (params.kv_unified ? pp : pl*pp) + pl*tg : pl*(pp + tg);
if (n_ctx_req > n_kv_max) {
continue;
}
common_batch_clear(batch);
for (int j = 0; j < (is_pp_shared ? 1 : pl); ++j) {
for (int i = 0; i < pp; ++i) {
common_batch_add(batch, get_token_rand(), i, { j }, i == pp - 1);
}
}
llama_memory_clear(mem, false);
const auto t_pp_start = ggml_time_us();
if (!decode_helper(ctx, batch, ctx_params.n_batch, false)) {
LOG_ERR("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
llama_free(ctx);
llama_model_free(model);
return 1;
}
llama_synchronize(ctx);
const auto t_pp_end = ggml_time_us();
if (is_pp_shared) {
for (int32_t i = 1; i < pl; ++i) {
llama_memory_seq_cp(mem, 0, i, -1, -1);
}
if (!params.kv_unified) {
// run one dummy token to apply the memory copy
common_batch_clear(batch);
common_batch_add(batch, get_token_rand(), pp + 0, { 0 }, true);
if (!decode_helper(ctx, batch, ctx_params.n_batch, true)) {
LOG_ERR("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
llama_free(ctx);
llama_model_free(model);
return 1;
}
llama_memory_seq_rm(mem, 0, pp, -1);
}
}
const auto t_tg_start = ggml_time_us();
if (is_tg_separate) {
// decode pattern:
// 0 0 0 ... 1 1 1 ... 2 2 2 ... 3 3 3 ...
for (int j = 0; j < pl; ++j) {
for (int i = 0; i < tg; ++i) {
common_batch_clear(batch);
common_batch_add(batch, get_token_rand(), pp + i, { j }, true);
if (!decode_helper(ctx, batch, ctx_params.n_batch, true)) {
LOG_ERR("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
llama_free(ctx);
llama_model_free(model);
return 1;
}
}
}
} else {
// decode pattern:
// 0123 0123 0123 ...
for (int i = 0; i < tg; ++i) {
common_batch_clear(batch);
for (int j = 0; j < pl; ++j) {
common_batch_add(batch, get_token_rand(), pp + i, { j }, true);
}
if (!decode_helper(ctx, batch, ctx_params.n_batch, true)) {
LOG_ERR("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
llama_free(ctx);
llama_model_free(model);
return 1;
}
}
}
const auto t_tg_end = ggml_time_us();
const int32_t n_kv = n_ctx_req;
const float t_pp = (t_pp_end - t_pp_start) / 1000000.0f;
const float t_tg = (t_tg_end - t_tg_start) / 1000000.0f;
const float t = t_pp + t_tg;
const float speed_pp = is_pp_shared ? pp / t_pp : pl*pp / t_pp;
const float speed_tg = pl*tg / t_tg;
const float speed = ((is_pp_shared ? pp : pl*pp) + pl*tg) / t;
if(params.batched_bench_output_jsonl) {
LOG(
"{\"n_kv_max\": %d, \"n_batch\": %d, \"n_ubatch\": %d, \"flash_attn\": %d, \"is_pp_shared\": %d, \"n_gpu_layers\": %d, \"n_threads\": %u, \"n_threads_batch\": %u, "
"\"pp\": %d, \"tg\": %d, \"pl\": %d, \"n_kv\": %d, \"t_pp\": %f, \"speed_pp\": %f, \"t_tg\": %f, \"speed_tg\": %f, \"t\": %f, \"speed\": %f}\n",
n_kv_max, params.n_batch, params.n_ubatch, int(params.flash_attn_type), params.is_pp_shared, params.n_gpu_layers, ctx_params.n_threads, ctx_params.n_threads_batch,
pp, tg, pl, n_kv, t_pp, speed_pp, t_tg, speed_tg, t, speed
);
} else {
LOG("|%6d | %6d | %4d | %6d | %8.3f | %8.2f | %8.3f | %8.2f | %8.3f | %8.2f |\n", pp, tg, pl, n_kv, t_pp, speed_pp, t_tg, speed_tg, t, speed);
}
}
}
}
LOG("\n");
llama_perf_context_print(ctx);
llama_batch_free(batch);
llama_free(ctx);
llama_model_free(model);
llama_backend_free();
return 0;
}
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int llama_batched_bench(int argc, char ** argv);
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
return llama_batched_bench(argc, argv);
}
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# llama-cli-impl: CLI logic, reusable by app
set(TARGET llama-cli-impl)
add_library(${TARGET} cli.cpp
cli-client.cpp
cli-context.cpp)
set_target_properties(${TARGET} PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} ../server)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PUBLIC llama-server-impl llama-common ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} LIBRARY)
endif()
# llama-cli executable
set(TARGET llama-cli)
add_executable(${TARGET} main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-cli-impl)
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
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# llama.cpp/tools/cli
## Usage
<!-- HELP_START -->
<!-- IMPORTANT: The list below is auto-generated by llama-gen-docs; do NOT modify it manually -->
### Common params
| Argument | Explanation |
| -------- | ----------- |
| `-h, --help, --usage` | print usage and exit |
| `--version` | show version and build info |
| `-cl, --cache-list` | show list of models in cache |
| `--completion-bash` | print source-able bash completion script for llama.cpp |
| `-t, --threads N` | number of CPU threads to use during generation (default: -1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THREADS) |
| `-tb, --threads-batch N` | number of threads to use during batch and prompt processing (default: same as --threads) |
| `-C, --cpu-mask M` | CPU affinity mask: arbitrarily long hex. Complements cpu-range (default: "") |
| `-Cr, --cpu-range lo-hi` | range of CPUs for affinity. Complements --cpu-mask |
| `--cpu-strict <0\|1>` | use strict CPU placement (default: 0) |
| `--prio N` | set process/thread priority : low(-1), normal(0), medium(1), high(2), realtime(3) (default: 0) |
| `--poll <0...100>` | use polling level to wait for work (0 - no polling, default: 50) |
| `-Cb, --cpu-mask-batch M` | CPU affinity mask: arbitrarily long hex. Complements cpu-range-batch (default: same as --cpu-mask) |
| `-Crb, --cpu-range-batch lo-hi` | ranges of CPUs for affinity. Complements --cpu-mask-batch |
| `--cpu-strict-batch <0\|1>` | use strict CPU placement (default: same as --cpu-strict) |
| `--prio-batch N` | set process/thread priority : 0-normal, 1-medium, 2-high, 3-realtime (default: 0) |
| `--poll-batch <0\|1>` | use polling to wait for work (default: same as --poll) |
| `-c, --ctx-size N` | size of the prompt context (default: 0, 0 = loaded from model)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CTX_SIZE) |
| `-n, --predict, --n-predict N` | number of tokens to predict (default: -1, -1 = infinity)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_PREDICT) |
| `-b, --batch-size N` | logical maximum batch size (default: 2048)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_BATCH) |
| `-ub, --ubatch-size N` | physical maximum batch size (default: 512)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_UBATCH) |
| `--keep N` | number of tokens to keep from the initial prompt (default: 0, -1 = all) |
| `--swa-full` | use full-size SWA cache (default: false)<br/>[(more info)](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/13194#issuecomment-2868343055)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SWA_FULL) |
| `-fa, --flash-attn [on\|off\|auto]` | set Flash Attention use ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto')<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FLASH_ATTN) |
| `-p, --prompt PROMPT` | prompt to start generation with; for system message, use -sys |
| `--perf, --no-perf` | whether to enable internal libllama performance timings (default: false)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_PERF) |
| `-f, --file FNAME` | a file containing the prompt (default: none) |
| `-bf, --binary-file FNAME` | binary file containing the prompt (default: none) |
| `-e, --escape, --no-escape` | whether to process escapes sequences (\n, \r, \t, \', \", \\) (default: true) |
| `--rope-scaling {none,linear,yarn}` | RoPE frequency scaling method, defaults to linear unless specified by the model<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_SCALING_TYPE) |
| `--rope-scale N` | RoPE context scaling factor, expands context by a factor of N<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_SCALE) |
| `--rope-freq-base N` | RoPE base frequency, used by NTK-aware scaling (default: loaded from model)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_FREQ_BASE) |
| `--rope-freq-scale N` | RoPE frequency scaling factor, expands context by a factor of 1/N<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_FREQ_SCALE) |
| `--yarn-orig-ctx N` | YaRN: original context size of model (default: 0 = model training context size)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_ORIG_CTX) |
| `--yarn-ext-factor N` | YaRN: extrapolation mix factor (default: -1.00, 0.0 = full interpolation)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_EXT_FACTOR) |
| `--yarn-attn-factor N` | YaRN: scale sqrt(t) or attention magnitude (default: -1.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_ATTN_FACTOR) |
| `--yarn-beta-slow N` | YaRN: high correction dim or alpha (default: -1.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_BETA_SLOW) |
| `--yarn-beta-fast N` | YaRN: low correction dim or beta (default: -1.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_BETA_FAST) |
| `-kvo, --kv-offload, -nkvo, --no-kv-offload` | whether to enable KV cache offloading (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_KV_OFFLOAD) |
| `--repack, -nr, --no-repack` | whether to enable weight repacking (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_REPACK) |
| `--no-host` | bypass host buffer allowing extra buffers to be used<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_NO_HOST) |
| `-ctk, --cache-type-k TYPE` | KV cache data type for K<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CACHE_TYPE_K) |
| `-ctv, --cache-type-v TYPE` | KV cache data type for V<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CACHE_TYPE_V) |
| `-dt, --defrag-thold N` | KV cache defragmentation threshold (DEPRECATED)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DEFRAG_THOLD) |
| `-np, --parallel N` | number of parallel sequences to decode (default: 1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_PARALLEL) |
| `--mlock` | force system to keep model in RAM rather than swapping or compressing<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MLOCK) |
| `--mmap, --no-mmap` | whether to memory-map model. (if mmap disabled, slower load but may reduce pageouts if not using mlock) (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MMAP) |
| `-dio, --direct-io, -ndio, --no-direct-io` | use DirectIO if available. (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DIO) |
| `--numa TYPE` | attempt optimizations that help on some NUMA systems<br/>- distribute: spread execution evenly over all nodes<br/>- isolate: only spawn threads on CPUs on the node that execution started on<br/>- numactl: use the CPU map provided by numactl<br/>if run without this previously, it is recommended to drop the system page cache before using this<br/>see https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/1437<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_NUMA) |
| `-dev, --device <dev1,dev2,..>` | comma-separated list of devices to use for offloading (none = don't offload)<br/>use --list-devices to see a list of available devices<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DEVICE) |
| `--list-devices` | print list of available devices and exit |
| `-ot, --override-tensor <tensor name pattern>=<buffer type>,...` | override tensor buffer type<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_OVERRIDE_TENSOR) |
| `-cmoe, --cpu-moe` | keep all Mixture of Experts (MoE) weights in the CPU<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CPU_MOE) |
| `-ncmoe, --n-cpu-moe N` | keep the Mixture of Experts (MoE) weights of the first N layers in the CPU<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_CPU_MOE) |
| `-ngl, --gpu-layers, --n-gpu-layers N` | max. number of layers to store in VRAM, either an exact number, 'auto', or 'all' (default: auto)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_GPU_LAYERS) |
| `-sm, --split-mode {none,layer,row,tensor}` | how to split the model across multiple GPUs, one of:<br/>- none: use one GPU only<br/>- layer (default): split layers and KV across GPUs (pipelined)<br/>- row: split weight across GPUs by rows (parallelized)<br/>- tensor: split weights and KV across GPUs (parallelized, EXPERIMENTAL)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPLIT_MODE) |
| `-ts, --tensor-split N0,N1,N2,...` | fraction of the model to offload to each GPU, comma-separated list of proportions, e.g. 3,1<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_TENSOR_SPLIT) |
| `-mg, --main-gpu INDEX` | the GPU to use for the model (with split-mode = none), or for intermediate results and KV (with split-mode = row) (default: 0)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MAIN_GPU) |
| `-fit, --fit [on\|off]` | whether to adjust unset arguments to fit in device memory ('on' or 'off', default: 'on')<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FIT) |
| `-fitt, --fit-target MiB0,MiB1,MiB2,...` | target margin per device for --fit, comma-separated list of values, single value is broadcast across all devices, default: 1024<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FIT_TARGET) |
| `-fitc, --fit-ctx N` | minimum ctx size that can be set by --fit option, default: 4096<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FIT_CTX) |
| `--check-tensors` | check model tensor data for invalid values (default: false) |
| `--override-kv KEY=TYPE:VALUE,...` | advanced option to override model metadata by key. to specify multiple overrides, either use comma-separated values.<br/>types: int, float, bool, str. example: --override-kv tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token=bool:false,tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token=bool:false |
| `--op-offload, --no-op-offload` | whether to offload host tensor operations to device (default: true) |
| `--lora FNAME` | path to LoRA adapter (use comma-separated values to load multiple adapters) |
| `--lora-scaled FNAME:SCALE,...` | path to LoRA adapter with user defined scaling (format: FNAME:SCALE,...)<br/>note: use comma-separated values |
| `--control-vector FNAME` | add a control vector<br/>note: use comma-separated values to add multiple control vectors |
| `--control-vector-scaled FNAME:SCALE,...` | add a control vector with user defined scaling SCALE<br/>note: use comma-separated values (format: FNAME:SCALE,...) |
| `--control-vector-layer-range START END` | layer range to apply the control vector(s) to, start and end inclusive |
| `-m, --model FNAME` | model path to load<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MODEL) |
| `-mu, --model-url MODEL_URL` | model download url (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MODEL_URL) |
| `-dr, --docker-repo [<repo>/]<model>[:quant]` | Docker Hub model repository. repo is optional, default to ai/. quant is optional, default to :latest.<br/>example: gemma3<br/>(default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DOCKER_REPO) |
| `-hf, -hfr, --hf-repo <user>/<model>[:quant]` | Hugging Face model repository; quant is optional, case-insensitive, default to Q4_K_M, or falls back to the first file in the repo if Q4_K_M doesn't exist.<br/>mmproj is also downloaded automatically if available. to disable, add --no-mmproj<br/>example: ggml-org/GLM-4.7-Flash-GGUF:Q4_K_M<br/>(default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_REPO) |
| `-hff, --hf-file FILE` | Hugging Face model file. If specified, it will override the quant in --hf-repo (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_FILE) |
| `-hfv, -hfrv, --hf-repo-v <user>/<model>[:quant]` | Hugging Face model repository for the vocoder model (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_REPO_V) |
| `-hffv, --hf-file-v FILE` | Hugging Face model file for the vocoder model (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_FILE_V) |
| `-hft, --hf-token TOKEN` | Hugging Face access token (default: value from HF_TOKEN environment variable)<br/>(env: HF_TOKEN) |
| `--log-disable` | Log disable |
| `--log-file FNAME` | Log to file<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_FILE) |
| `--log-colors [on\|off\|auto]` | Set colored logging ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto')<br/>'auto' enables colors when output is to a terminal<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_COLORS) |
| `-v, --verbose, --log-verbose` | Set verbosity level to infinity (i.e. log all messages, useful for debugging) |
| `--offline` | Offline mode: forces use of cache, prevents network access<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_OFFLINE) |
| `-lv, --verbosity, --log-verbosity N` | Set the verbosity threshold. Messages with a higher verbosity will be ignored. Values:<br/> - 0: generic output<br/> - 1: error<br/> - 2: warning<br/> - 3: info<br/> - 4: trace (more info)<br/> - 5: debug<br/>(default: 3)<br/><br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_VERBOSITY) |
| `--log-prefix, --no-log-prefix` | Enable prefix in log messages<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_PREFIX) |
| `--log-timestamps, --no-log-timestamps` | Enable timestamps in log messages<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_TIMESTAMPS) |
| `--spec-draft-type-k, -ctkd, --cache-type-k-draft TYPE` | KV cache data type for K for the draft model<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_CACHE_TYPE_K) |
| `--spec-draft-type-v, -ctvd, --cache-type-v-draft TYPE` | KV cache data type for V for the draft model<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_CACHE_TYPE_V) |
### Sampling params
| Argument | Explanation |
| -------- | ----------- |
| `--samplers SAMPLERS` | samplers that will be used for generation in the order, separated by ';'<br/>(default: penalties;dry;top_n_sigma;top_k;typ_p;top_p;min_p;xtc;temperature) |
| `-s, --seed SEED` | RNG seed (default: -1, use random seed for -1) |
| `--sampler-seq, --sampling-seq SEQUENCE` | simplified sequence for samplers that will be used (default: edskypmxt) |
| `--ignore-eos` | ignore end of stream token and continue generating (implies --logit-bias EOS-inf) |
| `--temp, --temperature N` | temperature (default: 0.80) |
| `--top-k N` | top-k sampling (default: 40, 0 = disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_TOP_K) |
| `--top-p N` | top-p sampling (default: 0.95, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--min-p N` | min-p sampling (default: 0.05, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--top-nsigma, --top-n-sigma N` | top-n-sigma sampling (default: -1.00, -1.0 = disabled) |
| `--xtc-probability N` | xtc probability (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--xtc-threshold N` | xtc threshold (default: 0.10, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--typical, --typical-p N` | locally typical sampling, parameter p (default: 1.00, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--repeat-last-n N` | last n tokens to consider for penalize (default: 64, 0 = disabled, -1 = ctx_size) |
| `--repeat-penalty N` | penalize repeat sequence of tokens (default: 1.00, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--presence-penalty N` | repeat alpha presence penalty (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--frequency-penalty N` | repeat alpha frequency penalty (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--dry-multiplier N` | set DRY sampling multiplier (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--dry-base N` | set DRY sampling base value (default: 1.75) |
| `--dry-allowed-length N` | set allowed length for DRY sampling (default: 2) |
| `--dry-penalty-last-n N` | set DRY penalty for the last n tokens (default: -1, 0 = disable, -1 = context size) |
| `--dry-sequence-breaker STRING` | add sequence breaker for DRY sampling, clearing out default breakers ('\n', ':', '"', '*') in the process; use "none" to not use any sequence breakers |
| `--adaptive-target N` | adaptive-p: select tokens near this probability (valid range 0.0 to 1.0; negative = disabled) (default: -1.00)<br/>[(more info)](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/17927) |
| `--adaptive-decay N` | adaptive-p: decay rate for target adaptation over time. lower values are more reactive, higher values are more stable.<br/>(valid range 0.0 to 0.99) (default: 0.90) |
| `--dynatemp-range N` | dynamic temperature range (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--dynatemp-exp N` | dynamic temperature exponent (default: 1.00) |
| `--mirostat N` | use Mirostat sampling.<br/>Top K, Nucleus and Locally Typical samplers are ignored if used.<br/>(default: 0, 0 = disabled, 1 = Mirostat, 2 = Mirostat 2.0) |
| `--mirostat-lr N` | Mirostat learning rate, parameter eta (default: 0.10) |
| `--mirostat-ent N` | Mirostat target entropy, parameter tau (default: 5.00) |
| `-l, --logit-bias TOKEN_ID(+/-)BIAS` | modifies the likelihood of token appearing in the completion,<br/>i.e. `--logit-bias 15043+1` to increase likelihood of token ' Hello',<br/>or `--logit-bias 15043-1` to decrease likelihood of token ' Hello' |
| `--grammar GRAMMAR` | BNF-like grammar to constrain generations (see samples in grammars/ dir) |
| `--grammar-file FNAME` | file to read grammar from |
| `-j, --json-schema SCHEMA` | JSON schema to constrain generations (https://json-schema.org/), e.g. `{}` for any JSON object<br/>For schemas w/ external $refs, use --grammar + example/json_schema_to_grammar.py instead |
| `-jf, --json-schema-file FILE` | File containing a JSON schema to constrain generations (https://json-schema.org/), e.g. `{}` for any JSON object<br/>For schemas w/ external $refs, use --grammar + example/json_schema_to_grammar.py instead |
| `-bs, --backend-sampling` | enable backend sampling (experimental) (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_BACKEND_SAMPLING) |
### CLI-specific params
| Argument | Explanation |
| -------- | ----------- |
| `--verbose-prompt` | print a verbose prompt before generation (default: false) |
| `--display-prompt, --no-display-prompt` | whether to print prompt at generation (default: true) |
| `-co, --color [on\|off\|auto]` | Colorize output to distinguish prompt and user input from generations ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto')<br/>'auto' enables colors when output is to a terminal |
| `-ctxcp, --ctx-checkpoints, --swa-checkpoints N` | max number of context checkpoints to create per slot (default: 32)[(more info)](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/15293)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CTX_CHECKPOINTS) |
| `-cram, --cache-ram N` | set the maximum cache size in MiB (default: 8192, -1 - no limit, 0 - disable)[(more info)](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/16391)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CACHE_RAM) |
| `--context-shift, --no-context-shift` | whether to use context shift on infinite text generation (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CONTEXT_SHIFT) |
| `-sys, --system-prompt PROMPT` | system prompt to use with model (if applicable, depending on chat template) |
| `--show-timings, --no-show-timings` | whether to show timing information after each response (default: true)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SHOW_TIMINGS) |
| `-sysf, --system-prompt-file FNAME` | a file containing the system prompt (default: none) |
| `-r, --reverse-prompt PROMPT` | halt generation at PROMPT, return control in interactive mode |
| `-sp, --special` | special tokens output enabled (default: false) |
| `-cnv, --conversation, -no-cnv, --no-conversation` | whether to run in conversation mode:<br/>- does not print special tokens and suffix/prefix<br/>- interactive mode is also enabled<br/>(default: auto enabled if chat template is available) |
| `-st, --single-turn` | run conversation for a single turn only, then exit when done<br/>will not be interactive if first turn is predefined with --prompt<br/>(default: false) |
| `-mli, --multiline-input` | allows you to write or paste multiple lines without ending each in '\' |
| `--warmup, --no-warmup` | whether to perform warmup with an empty run (default: enabled) |
| `-mm, --mmproj FILE` | path to a multimodal projector file. see tools/mtmd/README.md<br/>note: if -hf is used, this argument can be omitted<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MMPROJ) |
| `-mmu, --mmproj-url URL` | URL to a multimodal projector file. see tools/mtmd/README.md<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MMPROJ_URL) |
| `--mmproj-auto, --no-mmproj, --no-mmproj-auto` | whether to use multimodal projector file (if available), useful when using -hf (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MMPROJ_AUTO) |
| `--mmproj-offload, --no-mmproj-offload` | whether to enable GPU offloading for multimodal projector (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MMPROJ_OFFLOAD) |
| `--image, --audio, --video FILE` | path to an image, audio, or video file. use with multimodal models, use comma-separated values for multiple files |
| `--image-min-tokens N` | minimum number of tokens each image can take, only used by vision models with dynamic resolution (default: read from model)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_IMAGE_MIN_TOKENS) |
| `--image-max-tokens N` | maximum number of tokens each image can take, only used by vision models with dynamic resolution (default: read from model)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_IMAGE_MAX_TOKENS) |
| `--chat-template-kwargs STRING` | sets additional params for the json template parser, must be a valid json object string, e.g. '{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"}'<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CHAT_TEMPLATE_KWARGS) |
| `--jinja, --no-jinja` | whether to use jinja template engine for chat (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_JINJA) |
| `--reasoning-format FORMAT` | controls whether thought tags are allowed and/or extracted from the response, and in which format they're returned; one of:<br/>- none: leaves thoughts unparsed in `message.content`<br/>- deepseek: puts thoughts in `message.reasoning_content`<br/>- deepseek-legacy: keeps `<think>` tags in `message.content` while also populating `message.reasoning_content`<br/>(default: auto)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THINK) |
| `-rea, --reasoning [on\|off\|auto]` | Use reasoning/thinking in the chat ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto' (detect from template))<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_REASONING) |
| `--reasoning-budget N` | token budget for thinking: -1 for unrestricted, 0 for immediate end, N>0 for token budget (default: -1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THINK_BUDGET) |
| `--reasoning-budget-message MESSAGE` | message injected before the end-of-thinking tag when reasoning budget is exhausted (default: none)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THINK_BUDGET_MESSAGE) |
| `--chat-template JINJA_TEMPLATE` | set custom jinja chat template (default: template taken from model's metadata)<br/>if suffix/prefix are specified, template will be disabled<br/>only commonly used templates are accepted (unless --jinja is set before this flag):<br/>list of built-in templates:<br/>bailing, bailing-think, bailing2, chatglm3, chatglm4, chatml, command-r, deepseek, deepseek-ocr, deepseek2, deepseek3, exaone-moe, exaone3, exaone4, falcon3, gemma, gigachat, glmedge, gpt-oss, granite, granite-4.0, granite-4.1, grok-2, hunyuan-dense, hunyuan-moe, hunyuan-vl, kimi-k2, llama2, llama2-sys, llama2-sys-bos, llama2-sys-strip, llama3, llama4, megrez, minicpm, mistral-v1, mistral-v3, mistral-v3-tekken, mistral-v7, mistral-v7-tekken, monarch, openchat, orion, pangu-embedded, phi3, phi4, rwkv-world, seed_oss, smolvlm, solar-open, vicuna, vicuna-orca, yandex, zephyr<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CHAT_TEMPLATE) |
| `--chat-template-file JINJA_TEMPLATE_FILE` | set custom jinja chat template file (default: template taken from model's metadata)<br/>if suffix/prefix are specified, template will be disabled<br/>only commonly used templates are accepted (unless --jinja is set before this flag):<br/>list of built-in templates:<br/>bailing, bailing-think, bailing2, chatglm3, chatglm4, chatml, command-r, deepseek, deepseek-ocr, deepseek2, deepseek3, exaone-moe, exaone3, exaone4, falcon3, gemma, gigachat, glmedge, gpt-oss, granite, granite-4.0, granite-4.1, grok-2, hunyuan-dense, hunyuan-moe, hunyuan-vl, kimi-k2, llama2, llama2-sys, llama2-sys-bos, llama2-sys-strip, llama3, llama4, megrez, minicpm, mistral-v1, mistral-v3, mistral-v3-tekken, mistral-v7, mistral-v7-tekken, monarch, openchat, orion, pangu-embedded, phi3, phi4, rwkv-world, seed_oss, smolvlm, solar-open, vicuna, vicuna-orca, yandex, zephyr<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CHAT_TEMPLATE_FILE) |
| `--skip-chat-parsing, --no-skip-chat-parsing` | force a pure content parser, even if a Jinja template is specified; model will output everything in the content section, including any reasoning and/or tool calls (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SKIP_CHAT_PARSING) |
| `--simple-io` | use basic IO for better compatibility in subprocesses and limited consoles |
| `--log-prompts-dir PATH` | Log prompts to directory (only used for debugging, default: disabled) |
| `--spec-draft-hf, -hfd, -hfrd, --hf-repo-draft <user>/<model>[:quant]` | Same as --hf-repo, but for the draft model (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_HF_REPO) |
| `--spec-draft-threads, -td, --threads-draft N` | number of threads to use during generation (default: same as --threads) |
| `--spec-draft-threads-batch, -tbd, --threads-batch-draft N` | number of threads to use during batch and prompt processing (default: same as --threads-draft) |
| `--spec-draft-cpu-mask, -Cd, --cpu-mask-draft M` | Draft model CPU affinity mask. Complements cpu-range-draft (default: same as --cpu-mask) |
| `--spec-draft-cpu-range, -Crd, --cpu-range-draft lo-hi` | Ranges of CPUs for affinity. Complements --cpu-mask-draft |
| `--spec-draft-cpu-strict, --cpu-strict-draft <0\|1>` | Use strict CPU placement for draft model (default: same as --cpu-strict) |
| `--spec-draft-prio, --prio-draft N` | set draft process/thread priority : 0-normal, 1-medium, 2-high, 3-realtime (default: 0) |
| `--spec-draft-poll, --poll-draft <0\|1>` | Use polling to wait for draft model work (default: same as --poll) |
| `--spec-draft-cpu-mask-batch, -Cbd, --cpu-mask-batch-draft M` | Draft model CPU affinity mask. Complements cpu-range-draft (default: same as --cpu-mask) |
| `--spec-draft-cpu-strict-batch, --cpu-strict-batch-draft <0\|1>` | Use strict CPU placement for draft model (default: --cpu-strict-draft) |
| `--spec-draft-prio-batch, --prio-batch-draft N` | set draft process/thread priority : 0-normal, 1-medium, 2-high, 3-realtime (default: 0) |
| `--spec-draft-poll-batch, --poll-batch-draft <0\|1>` | Use polling to wait for draft model work (default: --poll-draft) |
| `--spec-draft-override-tensor, -otd, --override-tensor-draft <tensor name pattern>=<buffer type>,...` | override tensor buffer type for draft model |
| `--spec-draft-cpu-moe, -cmoed, --cpu-moe-draft` | keep all Mixture of Experts (MoE) weights in the CPU for the draft model<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_CPU_MOE) |
| `--spec-draft-n-cpu-moe, --spec-draft-ncmoe, -ncmoed, --n-cpu-moe-draft N` | keep the Mixture of Experts (MoE) weights of the first N layers in the CPU for the draft model<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_N_CPU_MOE) |
| `--spec-draft-n-max N` | number of tokens to draft for speculative decoding (default: 3)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_N_MAX) |
| `--spec-draft-n-min N` | minimum number of draft tokens to use for speculative decoding (default: 0)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_N_MIN) |
| `--spec-draft-p-split, --draft-p-split P` | speculative decoding split probability (default: 0.10)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_P_SPLIT) |
| `--spec-draft-p-min, --draft-p-min P` | minimum speculative decoding probability (greedy) (default: 0.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_P_MIN) |
| `--spec-draft-backend-sampling, --no-spec-draft-backend-sampling` | offload draft sampling to the backend (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_BACKEND_SAMPLING) |
| `--spec-draft-device, -devd, --device-draft <dev1,dev2,..>` | comma-separated list of devices to use for offloading the draft model (none = don't offload)<br/>use --list-devices to see a list of available devices |
| `--spec-draft-ngl, -ngld, --gpu-layers-draft, --n-gpu-layers-draft N` | max. number of draft model layers to store in VRAM, either an exact number, 'auto', or 'all' (default: auto)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_GPU_LAYERS_DRAFT) |
| `--spec-draft-model, -md, --model-draft FNAME` | draft model for speculative decoding (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_MODEL) |
| `--spec-type none,draft-simple,draft-eagle3,draft-mtp,ngram-simple,ngram-map-k,ngram-map-k4v,ngram-mod,ngram-cache` | comma-separated list of types of speculative decoding to use (default: none)<br/><br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_TYPE) |
| `--spec-ngram-mod-n-min N` | minimum number of ngram tokens to use for ngram-based speculative decoding (default: 48) |
| `--spec-ngram-mod-n-max N` | maximum number of ngram tokens to use for ngram-based speculative decoding (default: 64) |
| `--spec-ngram-mod-n-match N` | ngram-mod lookup length (default: 24) |
| `--spec-ngram-simple-size-n N` | ngram size N for ngram-simple speculative decoding, length of lookup n-gram (default: 12) |
| `--spec-ngram-simple-size-m N` | ngram size M for ngram-simple speculative decoding, length of draft m-gram (default: 48) |
| `--spec-ngram-simple-min-hits N` | minimum hits for ngram-simple speculative decoding (default: 1) |
| `--spec-ngram-map-k-size-n N` | ngram size N for ngram-map-k speculative decoding, length of lookup n-gram (default: 12) |
| `--spec-ngram-map-k-size-m N` | ngram size M for ngram-map-k speculative decoding, length of draft m-gram (default: 48) |
| `--spec-ngram-map-k-min-hits N` | minimum hits for ngram-map-k speculative decoding (default: 1) |
| `--spec-ngram-map-k4v-size-n N` | ngram size N for ngram-map-k4v speculative decoding, length of lookup n-gram (default: 12) |
| `--spec-ngram-map-k4v-size-m N` | ngram size M for ngram-map-k4v speculative decoding, length of draft m-gram (default: 48) |
| `--spec-ngram-map-k4v-min-hits N` | minimum hits for ngram-map-k4v speculative decoding (default: 1) |
| `--draft, --draft-n, --draft-max N` | the argument has been removed. use --spec-draft-n-max or --spec-ngram-mod-n-max<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DRAFT_MAX) |
| `--draft-min, --draft-n-min N` | the argument has been removed. use --spec-draft-n-min or --spec-ngram-mod-n-min<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DRAFT_MIN) |
| `--gpt-oss-20b-default` | use gpt-oss-20b (note: can download weights from the internet) |
| `--gpt-oss-120b-default` | use gpt-oss-120b (note: can download weights from the internet) |
| `--vision-gemma-4b-default` | use Gemma 3 4B QAT (note: can download weights from the internet) |
| `--vision-gemma-12b-default` | use Gemma 3 12B QAT (note: can download weights from the internet) |
| `--spec-default` | enable default speculative decoding config |
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#include "cli-client.h"
#include "http.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
// generation can stall for a long time during prompt processing, so the
// read timeout must be generous
static constexpr time_t CLI_HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT_SEC = 3600;
// upper bound for the accumulated response body kept for error reporting
static constexpr size_t CLI_HTTP_MAX_ERROR_BODY = 1024 * 1024;
// returns the path with the base url's path prefix prepended (if any)
static std::string join_path(const common_http_url & parts, const std::string & path) {
if (parts.path.empty() || parts.path == "/") {
return path;
}
std::string prefix = parts.path;
if (prefix.back() == '/') {
prefix.pop_back();
}
return prefix + path;
}
std::string cli_client::get(const std::string & path) {
auto [cli, parts] = common_http_client(server_base);
cli.set_read_timeout(CLI_HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT_SEC, 0);
auto path_with_model = path + (model.empty() ? "" : ("?model=" + model));
auto res = cli.Get(join_path(parts, path_with_model));
if (!res) {
throw std::runtime_error("failed to connect to " + server_base + ": " + httplib::to_string(res.error()));
}
if (res->status < 200 || res->status >= 300) {
throw std::runtime_error("GET " + path + " failed with status " + std::to_string(res->status) + ": " + res->body);
}
return res->body;
}
std::string cli_client::post(const std::string & path, const std::string & body) {
auto [cli, parts] = common_http_client(server_base);
cli.set_read_timeout(CLI_HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT_SEC, 0);
auto res = cli.Post(join_path(parts, path), body, "application/json");
if (!res) {
throw std::runtime_error("failed to connect to " + server_base + ": " + httplib::to_string(res.error()));
}
if (res->status < 200 || res->status >= 300) {
throw std::runtime_error("POST " + path + " failed with status " + std::to_string(res->status) + ": " + res->body);
}
return res->body;
}
std::string cli_client::post_sse(const std::string & path,
const std::string & body,
const std::function<bool()> & should_stop,
const std::function<void(const std::string &)> & on_data) {
auto [cli, parts] = common_http_client(server_base);
cli.set_read_timeout(CLI_HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT_SEC, 0);
std::string pending; // buffer for incomplete SSE lines
std::string raw_body; // accumulated body, used only for error reporting
auto receiver = [&](const char * data, size_t len) -> bool {
if (should_stop()) {
return false; // aborts the request
}
if (raw_body.size() < CLI_HTTP_MAX_ERROR_BODY) {
raw_body.append(data, std::min(len, CLI_HTTP_MAX_ERROR_BODY - raw_body.size()));
}
pending.append(data, len);
size_t pos;
while ((pos = pending.find('\n')) != std::string::npos) {
std::string line = pending.substr(0, pos);
pending.erase(0, pos + 1);
if (!line.empty() && line.back() == '\r') {
line.pop_back();
}
if (line.rfind("data: ", 0) != 0) {
continue;
}
std::string payload = line.substr(6);
if (payload == "[DONE]") {
continue;
}
on_data(payload);
}
return true;
};
httplib::Headers headers = {{"Accept", "text/event-stream"}};
auto res = cli.Post(join_path(parts, path), headers, body, "application/json", receiver);
if (!res) {
if (res.error() == httplib::Error::Canceled && should_stop()) {
return ""; // cancelled by the user
}
return "failed to connect to " + server_base + ": " + httplib::to_string(res.error());
}
if (res->status < 200 || res->status >= 300) {
if (!raw_body.empty()) {
return raw_body;
}
return "request failed with status " + std::to_string(res->status);
}
return "";
}
bool cli_client::wait_health(const std::function<bool()> & is_aborted) {
int connect_attempts = 0;
while (!is_aborted()) {
auto [cli, parts] = common_http_client(server_base);
cli.set_connection_timeout(1, 0);
auto res = cli.Get(join_path(parts, "/health"));
if (res) {
if (res->status == 200) {
return true;
}
// any other status means the server is up but not ready yet
// (e.g. 503 while the model is still loading)
} else if (++connect_attempts >= 10) {
last_error = "failed to connect to " + server_base + ": " + httplib::to_string(res.error());
return false;
}
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(300));
}
last_error = "aborted while waiting for the server to become ready";
return false;
}
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#pragma once
#include <functional>
#include <string>
// openai-like client for CLI
struct cli_client {
std::string server_base; // base url, for example "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
std::string last_error; // set when wait_health() fails
std::string model; // optional, set when the server has multiple models (router mode)
// simple GET request, returns the raw response body
// throws std::runtime_error on transport error or non-2xx status
std::string get(const std::string & path);
// simple POST request, returns the raw response body
// throws std::runtime_error on transport error or non-2xx status
std::string post(const std::string & path, const std::string & body);
// POST request with an SSE streaming response
// on_data is invoked per "data:" event with the raw event payload
// returns after the stream is finished (empty string on graceful exit)
// otherwise, the raw error response body
std::string post_sse(const std::string & path,
const std::string & body,
const std::function<bool()> & should_stop,
const std::function<void(const std::string &)> & on_data);
// poll /health until the server is ready to accept requests
// returns false if is_aborted returned true or the server is unreachable
bool wait_health(const std::function<bool()> & is_aborted);
};
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#include "cli-context.h"
#include "cli-ui.h"
#include "arg.h"
#include "base64.hpp"
#include "log.h"
#include "console.h"
#define JSON_ASSERT GGML_ASSERT
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fstream>
#include <map>
#include <set>
using json = nlohmann::ordered_json;
struct cli_context_impl {
json messages = json::array();
json pending_media = json::array(); // staged multimodal content parts
};
cli_context::cli_context(const common_params & params) : params(params), impl(new cli_context_impl()) {}
cli_context::~cli_context() {
shutdown();
}
std::atomic<bool> & cli_context::interrupted() {
static std::atomic<bool> flag = false;
return flag;
}
static bool should_stop() {
return cli_context::interrupted().load();
}
static constexpr size_t FILE_GLOB_MAX_RESULTS = 100;
const char * LLAMA_ASCII_LOGO = R"(
)";
// number of values an arg consumes on the command line
static int arg_num_values(const common_arg & opt) {
if (opt.value_hint_2 != nullptr) {
return 2;
}
if (opt.value_hint != nullptr) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static std::string format_error_message(const json & err) {
if (err.contains("error") && err.at("error").is_object()) {
const auto & e = err.at("error");
if (e.contains("message") && e.at("message").is_string()) {
return e.at("message").get<std::string>();
}
}
return err.dump();
}
// err is the raw response body of a failed request; it may or may not be JSON
static std::string format_error_message(const std::string & err) {
json parsed = json::parse(err, nullptr, false);
if (!parsed.is_discarded()) {
return format_error_message(parsed);
}
return err;
}
static std::string media_type_from_ext(const std::string & fname) {
std::string ext = std::filesystem::path(fname).extension().string();
std::transform(ext.begin(), ext.end(), ext.begin(), [](unsigned char c) { return std::tolower(c); });
if (ext == ".wav" || ext == ".mp3") {
return "audio";
}
if (ext == ".mp4" || ext == ".avi" || ext == ".mkv" || ext == ".mov" || ext == ".webm") {
return "video";
}
return "image";
}
bool cli_context::init() {
ui::init(params);
std::optional<ui::spinner> spinner;
bool use_external_server = !params.server_base.empty();
if (use_external_server) {
std::string base = params.server_base;
while (!base.empty() && base.back() == '/') {
base.pop_back();
}
client.server_base = base;
spinner.emplace("Connecting to server at " + base);
} else {
if (params.model.path.empty() && params.model.url.empty() &&
params.model.hf_repo.empty() && params.model.docker_repo.empty()) {
ui::show_error(
"no model specified",
"use -m <file.gguf> or -hf <user/repo> to run a local model,\n"
"or --server-base <url> to connect to a running llama-server"
);
return false;
}
spinner.emplace("\n\nLoading model...");
server.emplace();
if (!server->start(params)) {
ui::show_error("server start failed");
return false;
}
if (!server->wait_ready(should_stop)) {
if (!should_stop()) {
ui::show_error("the server exited before becoming ready");
}
return false;
}
client.server_base = server->address();
}
// for --server-base this is the main availability check; for a spawned
// server it is a cheap sanity check on top of the ready signal
auto is_aborted = [this]() {
return should_stop() || (server && !server->alive());
};
bool healthy = false;
try {
healthy = client.wait_health(is_aborted);
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
client.last_error = e.what();
}
if (!healthy) {
if (!should_stop()) {
ui::show_error(client.last_error);
}
return false;
}
if (use_external_server) {
spinner.reset();
try {
if (!list_and_ask_models()) {
return false;
}
} catch (const json::parse_error & e) {
ui::show_error(e.what());
ui::show_message("This might be caused by an incorrect server-base endpoint URL");
return false;
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
ui::show_error(e.what());
return false;
}
// restore the spinner for the next step
spinner.emplace("Waiting for server...");
}
fetch_server_props();
if (!params.out_file.empty()) {
output_file.emplace(params.out_file);
if (!output_file->is_open()) {
ui::show_error(string_format("failed to open output file '%s'", params.out_file.c_str()));
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
void cli_context::fetch_server_props() {
try {
json props = json::parse(client.get("/props"));
model_name = props.value("model_alias", "");
if (model_name.empty()) {
const std::string path = props.value("model_path", "");
if (!path.empty()) {
model_name = std::filesystem::path(path).filename().string();
}
}
model_ftype = props.value("model_ftype", "");
build_info = props.value("build_info", "");
if (props.contains("modalities") && props.at("modalities").is_object()) {
const auto & modalities = props.at("modalities");
has_vision = modalities.value("vision", false);
has_audio = modalities.value("audio", false);
has_video = modalities.value("video", false);
}
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
// /props can be disabled on remote servers; not fatal
LOG_DBG("failed to fetch /props: %s\n", e.what());
}
}
bool cli_context::list_and_ask_models() {
json resp = json::parse(client.get("/v1/models"));
if (!resp.contains("data") || !resp.at("data").is_array()) {
throw std::runtime_error("invalid response from /v1/models");
}
std::vector<std::string> models;
std::vector<std::string> models_display;
for (const auto & m : resp.at("data")) {
if (!m.contains("id") || !m.at("id").is_string()) {
continue;
}
std::string name = m.at("id").get<std::string>();
std::string display = name;
if (m.contains("aliases") && m.at("aliases").is_array()) {
std::vector<std::string> aliases;
for (const auto & a : m.at("aliases")) {
if (a.is_string()) {
aliases.push_back(a.get<std::string>());
}
}
if (!aliases.empty()) {
display += " (" + string_join(aliases, ", ") + ")";
}
}
models.push_back(name);
models_display.push_back(display);
}
// only one model: use it without asking
if (models.size() == 1) {
model_name = models[0];
client.model = model_name;
return true;
}
std::string message = "\nAvailable models:";
for (size_t i = 0; i < models_display.size(); ++i) {
message += "\n " + std::to_string(i + 1) + ". " + models_display[i];
}
message += "\n";
ui::show_message(message);
std::string selection;
while (selection.empty()) {
if (should_stop()) {
return false;
}
ui::user_turn user_turn;
selection = user_turn.read_input(false, "Select model by number: ");
if (selection.empty()) {
continue;
}
try {
size_t idx = std::stoul(selection);
if (idx > 0 && idx <= models.size()) {
model_name = models[idx - 1];
client.model = model_name;
ui::show_message("Selected model: " + model_name);
break;
}
} catch (...) {
// ignore
}
ui::show_error("Invalid selection. Please enter a valid number.");
selection.clear();
continue;
}
return true;
}
void cli_context::add_system_prompt() {
if (!params.system_prompt.empty()) {
impl->messages.push_back({
{"role", "system"},
{"content", params.system_prompt}
});
}
}
void cli_context::push_user_message(const std::string & text) {
json content;
if (impl->pending_media.empty()) {
content = text;
} else {
// multimodal message: media parts first, then the text
content = impl->pending_media;
content.push_back({
{"type", "text"},
{"text", text}
});
impl->pending_media = json::array();
}
impl->messages.push_back({
{"role", "user"},
{"content", content}
});
}
bool cli_context::stage_media_file(const std::string & fname, const std::string & type) {
std::ifstream file(fname, std::ios::binary);
if (!file) {
return false;
}
std::string data((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(file)), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());
std::string encoded = base64::encode(data);
if (type == "audio") {
std::string ext = std::filesystem::path(fname).extension().string();
std::transform(ext.begin(), ext.end(), ext.begin(), [](unsigned char c) { return std::tolower(c); });
impl->pending_media.push_back({
{"type", "input_audio"},
{"input_audio", {
{"data", encoded},
{"format", ext == ".mp3" ? "mp3" : "wav"}
}}
});
} else if (type == "video") {
impl->pending_media.push_back({
{"type", "input_video"},
{"input_video", {
{"data", encoded}
}}
});
} else {
// the server detects the actual image type from the data
impl->pending_media.push_back({
{"type", "image_url"},
{"image_url", {
{"url", "data:image/unknown;base64," + encoded}
}}
});
}
return true;
}
void cli_context::write_output_file(const std::string & content) {
if (output_file) {
(*output_file) << content;
output_file->flush();
}
}
bool cli_context::generate_completion(generated_content & content_out, cli_timings & timings) {
json body = {
{"messages", impl->messages},
{"stream", true},
// in order to get timings even when we cancel mid-way
{"timings_per_token", true},
};
if (!client.model.empty()) {
body["model"] = client.model;
}
bool stream_error = false;
ui::assistant_turn a;
std::string err = client.post_sse("/v1/chat/completions", body.dump(), should_stop, [&](const std::string & payload) {
json chunk = json::parse(payload, nullptr, false);
if (chunk.is_discarded()) {
return;
}
if (chunk.contains("error")) {
stream_error = true;
ui::show_error(format_error_message(chunk));
return;
}
if (chunk.contains("timings")) {
const auto & t = chunk.at("timings");
timings.prompt_per_second = t.value("prompt_per_second", 0.0);
timings.predicted_per_second = t.value("predicted_per_second", 0.0);
}
if (!chunk.contains("choices") || !chunk.at("choices").is_array() || chunk.at("choices").empty()) {
return;
}
const auto & choice = chunk.at("choices").at(0);
if (!choice.contains("delta")) {
return;
}
const auto & delta = choice.at("delta");
if (delta.contains("reasoning_content") && delta.at("reasoning_content").is_string()) {
const std::string text = delta.at("reasoning_content").get<std::string>();
if (!text.empty()) {
content_out.reasoning += text;
a.push(ui::ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_REASONING, text);
}
}
if (delta.contains("content") && delta.at("content").is_string()) {
const std::string text = delta.at("content").get<std::string>();
if (!text.empty()) {
content_out.content += text;
a.push(ui::ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_CONTENT, text);
}
}
});
cli_context::interrupted().store(false);
if (!err.empty()) {
ui::show_error(format_error_message(err));
return false;
}
return !stream_error;
}
int cli_context::run() {
add_system_prompt();
std::string modalities = "text";
if (has_vision) {
modalities += ", vision";
}
if (has_audio) {
modalities += ", audio";
}
if (has_video) {
modalities += ", video";
}
std::string banner;
banner += "\n";
banner += LLAMA_ASCII_LOGO;
banner += "\n";
banner += "build : " + build_info + "\n";
banner += "model : " + model_name + "\n";
if (!model_ftype.empty()) {
banner += "ftype : " + model_ftype + "\n";
}
banner += "modalities : " + modalities + "\n";
if (!params.system_prompt.empty()) {
banner += "using custom system prompt\n";
}
banner += "\n";
banner += "available commands:\n";
banner += " /exit or Ctrl+C stop or exit\n";
banner += " /regen regenerate the last response\n";
banner += " /clear clear the chat history\n";
banner += " /read <file> add a text file\n";
banner += " /glob <pattern> add text files using globbing pattern\n";
if (has_vision) {
banner += " /image <file> add an image file\n";
}
if (has_audio) {
banner += " /audio <file> add an audio file\n";
}
if (has_video) {
banner += " /video <file> add a video file\n";
}
banner += "\n";
ui::show_message(banner);
// interactive loop
std::string cur_msg;
auto add_text_file = [&](const std::string & fname) -> bool {
std::ifstream file(fname, std::ios::binary);
if (!file) {
ui::show_error(string_format("file does not exist or cannot be opened: '%s'", fname.c_str()));
return false;
}
std::string content((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(file)), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());
cur_msg += "--- File: ";
cur_msg += fname;
cur_msg += " ---\n";
cur_msg += content;
ui::show_message(string_format("Loaded text from '%s'", fname.c_str()));
return true;
};
while (true) {
std::string buffer;
{
ui::user_turn user_turn;
if (params.prompt.empty()) {
buffer = user_turn.read_input(params.multiline_input);
} else {
// process input prompt from args
for (auto & fname : params.image) {
if (!stage_media_file(fname, media_type_from_ext(fname))) {
ui::show_error(string_format("file does not exist or cannot be opened: '%s'", fname.c_str()));
break;
}
ui::show_message(string_format("Loaded media from '%s'", fname.c_str()));
}
buffer = params.prompt;
user_turn.echo(buffer);
params.prompt.clear(); // only use it once
}
}
if (should_stop()) {
cli_context::interrupted().store(false);
break;
}
// remove trailing newline
if (!buffer.empty() && buffer.back() == '\n') {
buffer.pop_back();
}
// skip empty messages
if (buffer.empty()) {
continue;
}
bool add_user_msg = true;
// process commands
if (string_starts_with(buffer, "/exit")) {
break;
} else if (string_starts_with(buffer, "/regen")) {
if (impl->messages.size() >= 2) {
size_t last_idx = impl->messages.size() - 1;
impl->messages.erase(last_idx);
add_user_msg = false;
} else {
ui::show_error("No message to regenerate.");
continue;
}
} else if (string_starts_with(buffer, "/clear")) {
impl->messages.clear();
add_system_prompt();
impl->pending_media = json::array();
ui::show_message("Chat history cleared.");
continue;
} else if (
(string_starts_with(buffer, "/image ") && has_vision) ||
(string_starts_with(buffer, "/audio ") && has_audio) ||
(string_starts_with(buffer, "/video ") && has_video)) {
std::string type = buffer.substr(1, 5);
// just in case (bad copy-paste for example), we strip all trailing/leading spaces
std::string fname = string_strip(buffer.substr(7));
if (!stage_media_file(fname, type)) {
ui::show_error(string_format("file does not exist or cannot be opened: '%s'", fname.c_str()));
continue;
}
ui::show_message(string_format("Loaded media from '%s'", fname.c_str()));
write_output_file(string_format("User: Added media: %s\n", fname.c_str()));
continue;
} else if (string_starts_with(buffer, "/read ")) {
std::string fname = string_strip(buffer.substr(6));
add_text_file(fname);
write_output_file(string_format("User: Added text file: %s\n", fname.c_str()));
continue;
} else if (string_starts_with(buffer, "/glob ")) {
std::error_code ec;
size_t count = 0;
auto curdir = std::filesystem::current_path();
std::string pattern = string_strip(buffer.substr(6));
std::filesystem::path rel_path;
auto startglob = pattern.find_first_of("![*?");
if (startglob != std::string::npos && startglob != 0) {
auto endpath = pattern.substr(0, startglob).find_last_of('/');
if (endpath != std::string::npos) {
std::string rel_pattern = pattern.substr(0, endpath);
#if !defined(_WIN32)
if (string_starts_with(rel_pattern, '~')) {
const char * home = std::getenv("HOME");
if (home && home[0]) {
rel_pattern = home + rel_pattern.substr(1);
}
}
#endif
rel_path = rel_pattern;
pattern.erase(0, endpath + 1);
curdir /= rel_path;
}
}
for (const auto & entry : std::filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator(curdir,
std::filesystem::directory_options::skip_permission_denied, ec)) {
if (!entry.is_regular_file()) {
continue;
}
std::string rel = std::filesystem::relative(entry.path(), curdir, ec).string();
if (ec) {
ec.clear();
continue;
}
std::replace(rel.begin(), rel.end(), '\\', '/');
if (!glob_match(pattern, rel)) {
continue;
}
const std::string full_path = (curdir / rel).string();
if (!add_text_file(full_path)) {
continue;
}
write_output_file(string_format("User: Added text file: %s\n", full_path.c_str()));
if (++count >= FILE_GLOB_MAX_RESULTS) {
ui::show_error(string_format("Maximum number of globbed files allowed (%zu) reached.", FILE_GLOB_MAX_RESULTS));
break;
}
}
continue;
} else {
// not a command
cur_msg += buffer;
}
// generate response
if (add_user_msg) {
push_user_message(cur_msg);
write_output_file(string_format("User:\n%s\n\n", cur_msg.c_str()));
cur_msg.clear();
}
cli_timings timings;
generated_content content;
generate_completion(content, timings);
impl->messages.push_back({
{"role", "assistant"},
{"content", content.content}
});
if (output_file) {
std::string out_content = "Assistant:\n";
if (!content.reasoning.empty()) {
out_content += "[Start thinking]\n\n";
out_content += content.reasoning;
out_content += "[End thinking]\n\n";
}
out_content += content.content;
if (!out_content.empty() && out_content.back() != '\n') {
out_content += "\n";
}
out_content += "\n";
write_output_file(out_content);
}
if (params.show_timings) {
ui::show_info(string_format(
"\n[ Prompt: %.1f t/s | Generation: %.1f t/s ]",
timings.prompt_per_second,
timings.predicted_per_second
));
}
if (params.single_turn) {
break;
}
}
ui::show_message("\n\nExiting...");
return 0;
}
void cli_context::shutdown() {
if (server) {
server->stop();
server.reset();
}
if (output_file) {
output_file->close();
output_file.reset();
}
}
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#pragma once
#include "common.h"
#include "cli-client.h"
#include "cli-server.h"
#include <atomic>
#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
struct cli_timings {
double prompt_per_second = 0.0;
double predicted_per_second = 0.0;
};
struct cli_context_impl;
struct cli_context {
common_params params;
cli_client client; // always initialized
std::optional<cli_server> server; // only set when no --server-base is given
// properties of the connected server
// will be populated by fetch_server_props()
std::string model_name;
std::string model_ftype;
std::string build_info;
bool has_vision = false;
bool has_audio = false;
bool has_video = false;
std::optional<std::ofstream> output_file;
cli_context(const common_params & params);
~cli_context();
// connect to --server-base or spawn a local llama-server child;
// argc/argv are needed to forward the server-relevant args to the child
bool init();
// run the interactive chat loop, returns the process exit code
int run();
// stop the local server child (if any)
void shutdown();
// set by the SIGINT handler; cleared once the interrupt has been handled
static std::atomic<bool> & interrupted();
private:
struct generated_content {
std::string reasoning;
std::string content;
};
bool generate_completion(generated_content & content_out, cli_timings & timings);
void fetch_server_props();
void add_system_prompt();
void push_user_message(const std::string & text);
// check if server have multiple models (router mode)
// if yes, list them then ask; do nothing otherwise
bool list_and_ask_models();
// read a file and stage it as a multimodal content part; type is one of
// "image", "audio", "video"; returns false if the file cannot be read
bool stage_media_file(const std::string & fname, const std::string & type);
// no-op if output file is not set
void write_output_file(const std::string & content);
std::unique_ptr<cli_context_impl> impl;
};
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#pragma once
#include <thread>
#include "http.h"
// llama_server will be available as a dynamic library symbol
int llama_server(common_params & params, int argc, char ** argv);
void llama_server_terminate();
struct cli_server {
std::thread th;
int port = -1;
std::atomic<bool> is_alive = false;
std::atomic<bool> is_stopping = false;
~cli_server() {
stop();
}
void stop() {
if (is_stopping.exchange(true)) {
return;
}
if (alive()) {
llama_server_terminate();
}
if (th.joinable()) {
th.join();
}
}
// spawn llama-server in a thread and interact with it via a random port
bool start(common_params & params) {
port = common_http_get_free_port();
if (port <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "failed to get a free port\n");
exit(1);
}
is_alive.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
common_params server_params = params; // copy
server_params.port = port;
th = std::thread([this, server_params]() mutable {
// argc / argv are only used in router mode, we can skip them for now
int res = llama_server(server_params, 0, nullptr);
if (res != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "llama_server exited with code %d\n", res);
}
is_alive.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
});
return true;
}
std::string address() const {
return "http://127.0.0.1:" + std::to_string(port);
}
bool wait_ready(std::function<bool()> should_stop) {
if (!alive()) {
return false;
}
while (!should_stop()) {
auto [cli, parts] = common_http_client(address());
cli.set_connection_timeout(1, 0);
auto res = cli.Get("/health");
if (res) {
if (res->status == 200) {
return true;
}
// any other status means the server is up but not ready yet
// (e.g. 503 while the model is still loading)
}
if (!alive()) {
// in case server die permanently
return false;
}
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
}
return true;
}
bool alive() const {
return is_alive.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
}
};
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#pragma once
#include "common.h"
#include "console.h"
#include <array>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <filesystem>
#include <string_view>
// TODO?: Make this reusable, enums, docs
static const std::array<std::string_view, 8> cmds = {
"/audio ",
"/clear",
"/exit",
"/glob ",
"/image ",
"/read ",
"/regen",
"/video ",
};
static std::vector<std::pair<std::string, size_t>> auto_completion_callback(std::string_view line, size_t cursor_byte_pos) {
std::vector<std::pair<std::string, size_t>> matches;
std::string cmd;
if (line.length() > 1 && line.front() == '/' && !std::any_of(cmds.begin(), cmds.end(), [line](std::string_view prefix) {
return string_starts_with(line, prefix);
})) {
auto it = cmds.begin();
while ((it = std::find_if(it, cmds.end(), [line](std::string_view cmd_line) {
return string_starts_with(cmd_line, line);
})) != cmds.end()) {
matches.emplace_back(*it, it->length());
++it;
}
} else {
auto it = std::find_if(cmds.begin(), cmds.end(), [line](std::string_view prefix) {
return prefix.back() == ' ' && string_starts_with(line, prefix);
});
if (it != cmds.end()) {
cmd = *it;
}
}
if (!cmd.empty() && cmd != "/glob " && line.length() >= cmd.length() && cursor_byte_pos >= cmd.length()) {
const std::string path_prefix = std::string(line.substr(cmd.length(), cursor_byte_pos - cmd.length()));
const std::string path_postfix = std::string(line.substr(cursor_byte_pos));
auto cur_dir = std::filesystem::current_path();
std::string cur_dir_str = cur_dir.string();
std::string expanded_prefix = path_prefix;
#if !defined(_WIN32)
if (string_starts_with(path_prefix, '~')) {
const char * home = std::getenv("HOME");
if (home && home[0]) {
expanded_prefix = home + path_prefix.substr(1);
}
}
if (string_starts_with(expanded_prefix, '/')) {
#else
if (std::isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(expanded_prefix[0])) && expanded_prefix.find(':') == 1) {
#endif
cur_dir = std::filesystem::path(expanded_prefix).parent_path();
cur_dir_str.clear();
} else if (!path_prefix.empty()) {
cur_dir /= std::filesystem::path(path_prefix).parent_path();
}
std::error_code ec;
for (const auto & entry : std::filesystem::directory_iterator(cur_dir, ec)) {
if (ec) {
break;
}
if (!entry.exists(ec)) {
ec.clear();
continue;
}
const std::string path_full = entry.path().string();
std::string path_entry = !cur_dir_str.empty() && string_starts_with(path_full, cur_dir_str) ? path_full.substr(cur_dir_str.length() + 1) : path_full;
if (entry.is_directory(ec)) {
path_entry.push_back(std::filesystem::path::preferred_separator);
}
if (expanded_prefix.empty() || string_starts_with(path_entry, expanded_prefix)) {
const std::string updated_line = cmd + path_entry;
matches.emplace_back(updated_line + path_postfix, updated_line.length());
}
if (ec) {
ec.clear();
}
}
if (matches.empty()) {
const std::string updated_line = cmd + path_prefix;
matches.emplace_back(updated_line + path_postfix, updated_line.length());
}
// Add the longest common prefix
if (!expanded_prefix.empty() && matches.size() > 1) {
const std::string_view match0(matches[0].first);
const std::string_view match1(matches[1].first);
auto it = std::mismatch(match0.begin(), match0.end(), match1.begin(), match1.end());
size_t len = it.first - match0.begin();
for (size_t i = 2; i < matches.size(); ++i) {
const std::string_view matchi(matches[i].first);
auto cmp = std::mismatch(match0.begin(), match0.end(), matchi.begin(), matchi.end());
len = std::min(len, static_cast<size_t>(cmp.first - match0.begin()));
}
const std::string updated_line = std::string(match0.substr(0, len));
matches.emplace_back(updated_line + path_postfix, updated_line.length());
}
std::sort(matches.begin(), matches.end(), [](const auto & a, const auto & b) {
return a.first.compare(0, a.second, b.first, 0, b.second) < 0;
});
}
return matches;
}
// note: make this view implementation generic, so that we can move to TUI in the future if we want to
namespace ui {
static void init(const common_params & params) {
// TODO: avoid using atexit() here by making `console` a singleton
console::init(params.simple_io, params.use_color);
atexit([]() { console::cleanup(); });
console::set_completion_callback(auto_completion_callback);
}
struct spinner {
spinner(const std::string & message) {
if (!message.empty()) {
console::log("%s ", message.c_str());
}
console::spinner::start();
}
~spinner() {
console::spinner::stop();
}
};
struct user_turn {
user_turn() {
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_USER_INPUT);
}
~user_turn() {
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_RESET);
}
void echo(const std::string & buffer) {
if (buffer.size() > 500) {
console::log("\n> %s ... (truncated)\n", buffer.substr(0, 500).c_str());
} else {
console::log("\n> %s\n", buffer.c_str());
}
}
std::string read_input(bool multiline_input, const char * prompt = nullptr) {
if (prompt) {
console::log("%s", prompt);
} else {
console::log("\n> ");
}
std::string buffer;
std::string line;
bool another_line = true;
do {
another_line = console::readline(line, multiline_input);
buffer += line;
} while (another_line);
return buffer;
}
};
enum assistant_display_mode {
ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_REASONING,
ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_CONTENT,
};
struct assistant_turn {
assistant_display_mode mode = ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_CONTENT;
bool trailing_newline = true;
bool is_inside_reasoning = false;
assistant_turn() {
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_RESET);
}
~assistant_turn() {
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_RESET);
add_newline_if_needed();
}
void push(assistant_display_mode m, const std::string & buffer) {
if (m != mode) {
add_newline_if_needed();
switch (m) {
case ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_CONTENT:
{
if (is_inside_reasoning) {
console::log("[End thinking]\n\n");
is_inside_reasoning = false;
}
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_RESET);
} break;
case ASSISTANT_DISPLAY_MODE_REASONING:
{
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_REASONING);
is_inside_reasoning = true;
console::log("\n[Start thinking]\n\n");
} break;
}
}
mode = m;
if (buffer.empty()) {
return;
}
trailing_newline = buffer.back() == '\n';
console::log("%s", buffer.c_str());
console::flush();
}
void add_newline_if_needed() {
if (!trailing_newline) {
console::log("\n");
console::flush();
}
}
};
static void show_error(const std::string & title, const std::string & message = "") {
console::spinner::stop();
console::error("Error: %s\n", title.c_str());
if (!message.empty()) {
console::log("%s\n", message.c_str());
}
}
static void show_message(const std::string & message) {
console::log("%s\n", message.c_str());
}
static void show_info(const std::string & message) {
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_INFO);
console::log("%s\n", message.c_str());
console::set_display(DISPLAY_TYPE_RESET);
}
}
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#include "arg.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "cli-context.h"
#include <signal.h>
#if defined(_WIN32)
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#ifndef NOMINMAX
# define NOMINMAX
#endif
#include <windows.h>
#endif
#if defined (__unix__) || (defined (__APPLE__) && defined (__MACH__)) || defined (_WIN32)
static void signal_handler(int) {
if (cli_context::interrupted().load()) {
// second Ctrl+C - exit immediately
// make sure to clear colors before exiting (not using LOG or console.cpp here to avoid deadlock)
fprintf(stdout, "\033[0m\n");
fflush(stdout);
std::exit(130);
}
cli_context::interrupted().store(true);
}
#endif
// satisfies -Wmissing-declarations
int llama_cli(int argc, char ** argv);
int llama_cli(int argc, char ** argv) {
common_params params;
params.verbosity = LOG_LEVEL_ERROR; // by default, less verbose logs
common_init();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_CLI)) {
return 1;
}
#if defined (__unix__) || (defined (__APPLE__) && defined (__MACH__))
struct sigaction sigint_action;
sigint_action.sa_handler = signal_handler;
sigemptyset (&sigint_action.sa_mask);
sigint_action.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction(SIGINT, &sigint_action, NULL);
sigaction(SIGTERM, &sigint_action, NULL);
#elif defined (_WIN32)
auto console_ctrl_handler = +[](DWORD ctrl_type) -> BOOL {
return (ctrl_type == CTRL_C_EVENT) ? (signal_handler(SIGINT), true) : false;
};
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(reinterpret_cast<PHANDLER_ROUTINE>(console_ctrl_handler), true);
#endif
cli_context ctx_cli(params);
if (!ctx_cli.init()) {
return 1;
}
return ctx_cli.run();
}
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int llama_cli(int argc, char ** argv);
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
return llama_cli(argc, argv);
}
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# llama-completion-impl: completion logic, reusable by app
set(TARGET llama-completion-impl)
add_library(${TARGET} completion.cpp)
set_target_properties(${TARGET} PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PUBLIC llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} LIBRARY)
endif()
# llama-completion executable
set(TARGET llama-completion)
add_executable(${TARGET} main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-completion-impl)
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
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# llama.cpp/tools/completion
This example program allows you to use various LLaMA language models easily and efficiently. It is specifically designed to work with the [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp) project, which provides a plain C/C++ implementation with optional 4-bit quantization support for faster, lower memory inference, and is optimized for desktop CPUs. This program can be used to perform various inference tasks with LLaMA models, including generating text based on user-provided prompts and chat-like interactions with reverse prompts.
## Table of Contents
1. [Quick Start](#quick-start)
2. [Usage](#usage)
3. [Common Options](#common-options)
4. [Input Prompts](#input-prompts)
5. [Interaction](#interaction)
6. [Context Management](#context-management)
7. [Generation Flags](#generation-flags)
8. [Performance Tuning and Memory Options](#performance-tuning-and-memory-options)
9. [Additional Options](#additional-options)
## Quick Start
To get started right away, run the following command, making sure to use the correct path for the model you have:
First, we will need to download a model. In these examples, we will use the Gemma model from the ggml-org repo on Hugging Face.
[https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/gemma-1.1-7b-it-Q4_K_M-GGUF/resolve/main/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf?download=true](https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/gemma-1.1-7b-it-Q4_K_M-GGUF/resolve/main/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf?download=true)
Once downloaded, place your model in the models folder in llama.cpp.
### Unix-based systems (Linux, macOS, etc.):
##### Input prompt (One-and-done)
```bash
./llama-completion -m models/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf -no-cnv --prompt "Once upon a time"
```
##### Conversation mode (Allow for continuous interaction with the model)
```bash
./llama-completion -m models/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --chat-template gemma
```
##### Conversation mode using built-in jinja chat template
```bash
./llama-completion -m models/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --jinja
```
##### One-and-done query using jinja with custom system prompt and a starting prompt
```bash
./llama-completion -m models/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --jinja --single-turn -sys "You are a helpful assistant" -p "Hello"
```
##### Infinite text from a starting prompt (you can use `Ctrl-C` to stop it):
```bash
./llama-completion -m models/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --ignore-eos -n -1
```
### Windows:
##### Input prompt (One-and-done)
```powershell
./llama-completion.exe -m models\gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf -no-cnv --prompt "Once upon a time"
```
##### Conversation mode (Allow for continuous interaction with the model)
```powershell
./llama-completion.exe -m models\gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --chat-template gemma
```
##### Conversation mode using built-in jinja chat template
```powershell
./llama-completion.exe -m models\gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --jinja
```
##### One-and-done query using jinja with custom system prompt and a starting prompt
```powershell
./llama-completion.exe -m models\gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --jinja --single-turn -sys "You are a helpful assistant" -p "Hello"
```
#### Infinite text from a starting prompt (you can use `Ctrl-C` to stop it):
```powershell
llama-completion.exe -m models\gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf --ignore-eos -n -1
```
## Usage
<!-- HELP_START -->
<!-- IMPORTANT: The list below is auto-generated by llama-gen-docs; do NOT modify it manually -->
### Common params
| Argument | Explanation |
| -------- | ----------- |
| `-h, --help, --usage` | print usage and exit |
| `--version` | show version and build info |
| `-cl, --cache-list` | show list of models in cache |
| `--completion-bash` | print source-able bash completion script for llama.cpp |
| `-t, --threads N` | number of CPU threads to use during generation (default: -1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THREADS) |
| `-tb, --threads-batch N` | number of threads to use during batch and prompt processing (default: same as --threads) |
| `-C, --cpu-mask M` | CPU affinity mask: arbitrarily long hex. Complements cpu-range (default: "") |
| `-Cr, --cpu-range lo-hi` | range of CPUs for affinity. Complements --cpu-mask |
| `--cpu-strict <0\|1>` | use strict CPU placement (default: 0) |
| `--prio N` | set process/thread priority : low(-1), normal(0), medium(1), high(2), realtime(3) (default: 0) |
| `--poll <0...100>` | use polling level to wait for work (0 - no polling, default: 50) |
| `-Cb, --cpu-mask-batch M` | CPU affinity mask: arbitrarily long hex. Complements cpu-range-batch (default: same as --cpu-mask) |
| `-Crb, --cpu-range-batch lo-hi` | ranges of CPUs for affinity. Complements --cpu-mask-batch |
| `--cpu-strict-batch <0\|1>` | use strict CPU placement (default: same as --cpu-strict) |
| `--prio-batch N` | set process/thread priority : 0-normal, 1-medium, 2-high, 3-realtime (default: 0) |
| `--poll-batch <0\|1>` | use polling to wait for work (default: same as --poll) |
| `-c, --ctx-size N` | size of the prompt context (default: 0, 0 = loaded from model)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CTX_SIZE) |
| `-n, --predict, --n-predict N` | number of tokens to predict (default: -1, -1 = infinity, -2 = until context filled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_PREDICT) |
| `-b, --batch-size N` | logical maximum batch size (default: 2048)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_BATCH) |
| `-ub, --ubatch-size N` | physical maximum batch size (default: 512)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_UBATCH) |
| `--keep N` | number of tokens to keep from the initial prompt (default: 0, -1 = all) |
| `--swa-full` | use full-size SWA cache (default: false)<br/>[(more info)](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/13194#issuecomment-2868343055)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SWA_FULL) |
| `-fa, --flash-attn [on\|off\|auto]` | set Flash Attention use ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto')<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FLASH_ATTN) |
| `-p, --prompt PROMPT` | prompt to start generation with; for system message, use -sys |
| `--perf, --no-perf` | whether to enable internal libllama performance timings (default: false)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_PERF) |
| `-f, --file FNAME` | a file containing the prompt (default: none) |
| `-bf, --binary-file FNAME` | binary file containing the prompt (default: none) |
| `-e, --escape, --no-escape` | whether to process escapes sequences (\n, \r, \t, \', \", \\) (default: true) |
| `--rope-scaling {none,linear,yarn}` | RoPE frequency scaling method, defaults to linear unless specified by the model<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_SCALING_TYPE) |
| `--rope-scale N` | RoPE context scaling factor, expands context by a factor of N<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_SCALE) |
| `--rope-freq-base N` | RoPE base frequency, used by NTK-aware scaling (default: loaded from model)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_FREQ_BASE) |
| `--rope-freq-scale N` | RoPE frequency scaling factor, expands context by a factor of 1/N<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_ROPE_FREQ_SCALE) |
| `--yarn-orig-ctx N` | YaRN: original context size of model (default: 0 = model training context size)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_ORIG_CTX) |
| `--yarn-ext-factor N` | YaRN: extrapolation mix factor (default: -1.00, 0.0 = full interpolation)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_EXT_FACTOR) |
| `--yarn-attn-factor N` | YaRN: scale sqrt(t) or attention magnitude (default: -1.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_ATTN_FACTOR) |
| `--yarn-beta-slow N` | YaRN: high correction dim or alpha (default: -1.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_BETA_SLOW) |
| `--yarn-beta-fast N` | YaRN: low correction dim or beta (default: -1.00)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_YARN_BETA_FAST) |
| `-kvo, --kv-offload, -nkvo, --no-kv-offload` | whether to enable KV cache offloading (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_KV_OFFLOAD) |
| `--repack, -nr, --no-repack` | whether to enable weight repacking (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_REPACK) |
| `--no-host` | bypass host buffer allowing extra buffers to be used<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_NO_HOST) |
| `-ctk, --cache-type-k TYPE` | KV cache data type for K<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CACHE_TYPE_K) |
| `-ctv, --cache-type-v TYPE` | KV cache data type for V<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CACHE_TYPE_V) |
| `-dt, --defrag-thold N` | KV cache defragmentation threshold (DEPRECATED)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DEFRAG_THOLD) |
| `-np, --parallel N` | number of parallel sequences to decode (default: 1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_PARALLEL) |
| `--mlock` | force system to keep model in RAM rather than swapping or compressing<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MLOCK) |
| `--mmap, --no-mmap` | whether to memory-map model. (if mmap disabled, slower load but may reduce pageouts if not using mlock) (default: enabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MMAP) |
| `-dio, --direct-io, -ndio, --no-direct-io` | use DirectIO if available. (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DIO) |
| `--numa TYPE` | attempt optimizations that help on some NUMA systems<br/>- distribute: spread execution evenly over all nodes<br/>- isolate: only spawn threads on CPUs on the node that execution started on<br/>- numactl: use the CPU map provided by numactl<br/>if run without this previously, it is recommended to drop the system page cache before using this<br/>see https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/1437<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_NUMA) |
| `-dev, --device <dev1,dev2,..>` | comma-separated list of devices to use for offloading (none = don't offload)<br/>use --list-devices to see a list of available devices<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DEVICE) |
| `--list-devices` | print list of available devices and exit |
| `-ot, --override-tensor <tensor name pattern>=<buffer type>,...` | override tensor buffer type<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_OVERRIDE_TENSOR) |
| `-cmoe, --cpu-moe` | keep all Mixture of Experts (MoE) weights in the CPU<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CPU_MOE) |
| `-ncmoe, --n-cpu-moe N` | keep the Mixture of Experts (MoE) weights of the first N layers in the CPU<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_CPU_MOE) |
| `-ngl, --gpu-layers, --n-gpu-layers N` | max. number of layers to store in VRAM, either an exact number, 'auto', or 'all' (default: auto)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_N_GPU_LAYERS) |
| `-sm, --split-mode {none,layer,row,tensor}` | how to split the model across multiple GPUs, one of:<br/>- none: use one GPU only<br/>- layer (default): split layers and KV across GPUs (pipelined)<br/>- row: split weight across GPUs by rows (parallelized)<br/>- tensor: split weights and KV across GPUs (parallelized, EXPERIMENTAL)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPLIT_MODE) |
| `-ts, --tensor-split N0,N1,N2,...` | fraction of the model to offload to each GPU, comma-separated list of proportions, e.g. 3,1<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_TENSOR_SPLIT) |
| `-mg, --main-gpu INDEX` | the GPU to use for the model (with split-mode = none), or for intermediate results and KV (with split-mode = row) (default: 0)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MAIN_GPU) |
| `-fit, --fit [on\|off]` | whether to adjust unset arguments to fit in device memory ('on' or 'off', default: 'on')<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FIT) |
| `-fitt, --fit-target MiB0,MiB1,MiB2,...` | target margin per device for --fit, comma-separated list of values, single value is broadcast across all devices, default: 1024<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FIT_TARGET) |
| `-fitc, --fit-ctx N` | minimum ctx size that can be set by --fit option, default: 4096<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_FIT_CTX) |
| `--check-tensors` | check model tensor data for invalid values (default: false) |
| `--override-kv KEY=TYPE:VALUE,...` | advanced option to override model metadata by key. to specify multiple overrides, either use comma-separated values.<br/>types: int, float, bool, str. example: --override-kv tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token=bool:false,tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token=bool:false |
| `--op-offload, --no-op-offload` | whether to offload host tensor operations to device (default: true) |
| `--lora FNAME` | path to LoRA adapter (use comma-separated values to load multiple adapters) |
| `--lora-scaled FNAME:SCALE,...` | path to LoRA adapter with user defined scaling (format: FNAME:SCALE,...)<br/>note: use comma-separated values |
| `--control-vector FNAME` | add a control vector<br/>note: use comma-separated values to add multiple control vectors |
| `--control-vector-scaled FNAME:SCALE,...` | add a control vector with user defined scaling SCALE<br/>note: use comma-separated values (format: FNAME:SCALE,...) |
| `--control-vector-layer-range START END` | layer range to apply the control vector(s) to, start and end inclusive |
| `-m, --model FNAME` | model path to load<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MODEL) |
| `-mu, --model-url MODEL_URL` | model download url (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_MODEL_URL) |
| `-dr, --docker-repo [<repo>/]<model>[:quant]` | Docker Hub model repository. repo is optional, default to ai/. quant is optional, default to :latest.<br/>example: gemma3<br/>(default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_DOCKER_REPO) |
| `-hf, -hfr, --hf-repo <user>/<model>[:quant]` | Hugging Face model repository; quant is optional, case-insensitive, default to Q4_K_M, or falls back to the first file in the repo if Q4_K_M doesn't exist.<br/>mmproj is also downloaded automatically if available. to disable, add --no-mmproj<br/>example: ggml-org/GLM-4.7-Flash-GGUF:Q4_K_M<br/>(default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_REPO) |
| `-hff, --hf-file FILE` | Hugging Face model file. If specified, it will override the quant in --hf-repo (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_FILE) |
| `-hfv, -hfrv, --hf-repo-v <user>/<model>[:quant]` | Hugging Face model repository for the vocoder model (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_REPO_V) |
| `-hffv, --hf-file-v FILE` | Hugging Face model file for the vocoder model (default: unused)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_HF_FILE_V) |
| `-hft, --hf-token TOKEN` | Hugging Face access token (default: value from HF_TOKEN environment variable)<br/>(env: HF_TOKEN) |
| `--log-disable` | Log disable |
| `--log-file FNAME` | Log to file<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_FILE) |
| `--log-colors [on\|off\|auto]` | Set colored logging ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto')<br/>'auto' enables colors when output is to a terminal<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_COLORS) |
| `-v, --verbose, --log-verbose` | Set verbosity level to infinity (i.e. log all messages, useful for debugging) |
| `--offline` | Offline mode: forces use of cache, prevents network access<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_OFFLINE) |
| `-lv, --verbosity, --log-verbosity N` | Set the verbosity threshold. Messages with a higher verbosity will be ignored. Values:<br/> - 0: generic output<br/> - 1: error<br/> - 2: warning<br/> - 3: info<br/> - 4: trace (more info)<br/> - 5: debug<br/>(default: 3)<br/><br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_VERBOSITY) |
| `--log-prefix, --no-log-prefix` | Enable prefix in log messages<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_PREFIX) |
| `--log-timestamps, --no-log-timestamps` | Enable timestamps in log messages<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_LOG_TIMESTAMPS) |
| `--spec-draft-type-k, -ctkd, --cache-type-k-draft TYPE` | KV cache data type for K for the draft model<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_CACHE_TYPE_K) |
| `--spec-draft-type-v, -ctvd, --cache-type-v-draft TYPE` | KV cache data type for V for the draft model<br/>allowed values: f32, f16, bf16, q8_0, q4_0, q4_1, iq4_nl, q5_0, q5_1<br/>(default: f16)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SPEC_DRAFT_CACHE_TYPE_V) |
### Sampling params
| Argument | Explanation |
| -------- | ----------- |
| `--samplers SAMPLERS` | samplers that will be used for generation in the order, separated by ';'<br/>(default: penalties;dry;top_n_sigma;top_k;typ_p;top_p;min_p;xtc;temperature) |
| `-s, --seed SEED` | RNG seed (default: -1, use random seed for -1) |
| `--sampler-seq, --sampling-seq SEQUENCE` | simplified sequence for samplers that will be used (default: edskypmxt) |
| `--ignore-eos` | ignore end of stream token and continue generating (implies --logit-bias EOS-inf) |
| `--temp, --temperature N` | temperature (default: 0.80) |
| `--top-k N` | top-k sampling (default: 40, 0 = disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_TOP_K) |
| `--top-p N` | top-p sampling (default: 0.95, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--min-p N` | min-p sampling (default: 0.05, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--top-nsigma, --top-n-sigma N` | top-n-sigma sampling (default: -1.00, -1.0 = disabled) |
| `--xtc-probability N` | xtc probability (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--xtc-threshold N` | xtc threshold (default: 0.10, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--typical, --typical-p N` | locally typical sampling, parameter p (default: 1.00, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--repeat-last-n N` | last n tokens to consider for penalize (default: 64, 0 = disabled, -1 = ctx_size) |
| `--repeat-penalty N` | penalize repeat sequence of tokens (default: 1.00, 1.0 = disabled) |
| `--presence-penalty N` | repeat alpha presence penalty (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--frequency-penalty N` | repeat alpha frequency penalty (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--dry-multiplier N` | set DRY sampling multiplier (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--dry-base N` | set DRY sampling base value (default: 1.75) |
| `--dry-allowed-length N` | set allowed length for DRY sampling (default: 2) |
| `--dry-penalty-last-n N` | set DRY penalty for the last n tokens (default: -1, 0 = disable, -1 = context size) |
| `--dry-sequence-breaker STRING` | add sequence breaker for DRY sampling, clearing out default breakers ('\n', ':', '"', '*') in the process; use "none" to not use any sequence breakers |
| `--adaptive-target N` | adaptive-p: select tokens near this probability (valid range 0.0 to 1.0; negative = disabled) (default: -1.00)<br/>[(more info)](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/17927) |
| `--adaptive-decay N` | adaptive-p: decay rate for target adaptation over time. lower values are more reactive, higher values are more stable.<br/>(valid range 0.0 to 0.99) (default: 0.90) |
| `--dynatemp-range N` | dynamic temperature range (default: 0.00, 0.0 = disabled) |
| `--dynatemp-exp N` | dynamic temperature exponent (default: 1.00) |
| `--mirostat N` | use Mirostat sampling.<br/>Top K, Nucleus and Locally Typical samplers are ignored if used.<br/>(default: 0, 0 = disabled, 1 = Mirostat, 2 = Mirostat 2.0) |
| `--mirostat-lr N` | Mirostat learning rate, parameter eta (default: 0.10) |
| `--mirostat-ent N` | Mirostat target entropy, parameter tau (default: 5.00) |
| `-l, --logit-bias TOKEN_ID(+/-)BIAS` | modifies the likelihood of token appearing in the completion,<br/>i.e. `--logit-bias 15043+1` to increase likelihood of token ' Hello',<br/>or `--logit-bias 15043-1` to decrease likelihood of token ' Hello' |
| `--grammar GRAMMAR` | BNF-like grammar to constrain generations (see samples in grammars/ dir) |
| `--grammar-file FNAME` | file to read grammar from |
| `-j, --json-schema SCHEMA` | JSON schema to constrain generations (https://json-schema.org/), e.g. `{}` for any JSON object<br/>For schemas w/ external $refs, use --grammar + example/json_schema_to_grammar.py instead |
| `-jf, --json-schema-file FILE` | File containing a JSON schema to constrain generations (https://json-schema.org/), e.g. `{}` for any JSON object<br/>For schemas w/ external $refs, use --grammar + example/json_schema_to_grammar.py instead |
| `-bs, --backend-sampling` | enable backend sampling (experimental) (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_BACKEND_SAMPLING) |
### Completion-specific params
| Argument | Explanation |
| -------- | ----------- |
| `--verbose-prompt` | print a verbose prompt before generation (default: false) |
| `--display-prompt, --no-display-prompt` | whether to print prompt at generation (default: true) |
| `-co, --color [on\|off\|auto]` | Colorize output to distinguish prompt and user input from generations ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto')<br/>'auto' enables colors when output is to a terminal |
| `--context-shift, --no-context-shift` | whether to use context shift on infinite text generation (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CONTEXT_SHIFT) |
| `-sys, --system-prompt PROMPT` | system prompt to use with model (if applicable, depending on chat template) |
| `-sysf, --system-prompt-file FNAME` | a file containing the system prompt (default: none) |
| `-ptc, --print-token-count N` | print token count every N tokens (default: -1) |
| `--prompt-cache FNAME` | file to cache prompt state for faster startup (default: none) |
| `--prompt-cache-all` | if specified, saves user input and generations to cache as well |
| `--prompt-cache-ro` | if specified, uses the prompt cache but does not update it |
| `-r, --reverse-prompt PROMPT` | halt generation at PROMPT, return control in interactive mode |
| `-sp, --special` | special tokens output enabled (default: false) |
| `-cnv, --conversation, -no-cnv, --no-conversation` | whether to run in conversation mode:<br/>- does not print special tokens and suffix/prefix<br/>- interactive mode is also enabled<br/>(default: auto enabled if chat template is available) |
| `-st, --single-turn` | run conversation for a single turn only, then exit when done<br/>will not be interactive if first turn is predefined with --prompt<br/>(default: false) |
| `-i, --interactive` | run in interactive mode (default: false) |
| `-if, --interactive-first` | run in interactive mode and wait for input right away (default: false) |
| `-mli, --multiline-input` | allows you to write or paste multiple lines without ending each in '\' |
| `--in-prefix-bos` | prefix BOS to user inputs, preceding the `--in-prefix` string |
| `--in-prefix STRING` | string to prefix user inputs with (default: empty) |
| `--in-suffix STRING` | string to suffix after user inputs with (default: empty) |
| `--warmup, --no-warmup` | whether to perform warmup with an empty run (default: enabled) |
| `-gan, --grp-attn-n N` | group-attention factor (default: 1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_GRP_ATTN_N) |
| `-gaw, --grp-attn-w N` | group-attention width (default: 512)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_GRP_ATTN_W) |
| `--jinja, --no-jinja` | whether to use jinja template engine for chat (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_JINJA) |
| `--reasoning-format FORMAT` | controls whether thought tags are allowed and/or extracted from the response, and in which format they're returned; one of:<br/>- none: leaves thoughts unparsed in `message.content`<br/>- deepseek: puts thoughts in `message.reasoning_content`<br/>- deepseek-legacy: keeps `<think>` tags in `message.content` while also populating `message.reasoning_content`<br/>(default: auto)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THINK) |
| `-rea, --reasoning [on\|off\|auto]` | Use reasoning/thinking in the chat ('on', 'off', or 'auto', default: 'auto' (detect from template))<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_REASONING) |
| `--reasoning-budget N` | token budget for thinking: -1 for unrestricted, 0 for immediate end, N>0 for token budget (default: -1)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THINK_BUDGET) |
| `--reasoning-budget-message MESSAGE` | message injected before the end-of-thinking tag when reasoning budget is exhausted (default: none)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_THINK_BUDGET_MESSAGE) |
| `--chat-template JINJA_TEMPLATE` | set custom jinja chat template (default: template taken from model's metadata)<br/>if suffix/prefix are specified, template will be disabled<br/>only commonly used templates are accepted (unless --jinja is set before this flag):<br/>list of built-in templates:<br/>bailing, bailing-think, bailing2, chatglm3, chatglm4, chatml, command-r, deepseek, deepseek-ocr, deepseek2, deepseek3, exaone-moe, exaone3, exaone4, falcon3, gemma, gigachat, glmedge, gpt-oss, granite, granite-4.0, granite-4.1, grok-2, hunyuan-dense, hunyuan-moe, hunyuan-vl, kimi-k2, llama2, llama2-sys, llama2-sys-bos, llama2-sys-strip, llama3, llama4, megrez, minicpm, mistral-v1, mistral-v3, mistral-v3-tekken, mistral-v7, mistral-v7-tekken, monarch, openchat, orion, pangu-embedded, phi3, phi4, rwkv-world, seed_oss, smolvlm, solar-open, vicuna, vicuna-orca, yandex, zephyr<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CHAT_TEMPLATE) |
| `--chat-template-file JINJA_TEMPLATE_FILE` | set custom jinja chat template file (default: template taken from model's metadata)<br/>if suffix/prefix are specified, template will be disabled<br/>only commonly used templates are accepted (unless --jinja is set before this flag):<br/>list of built-in templates:<br/>bailing, bailing-think, bailing2, chatglm3, chatglm4, chatml, command-r, deepseek, deepseek-ocr, deepseek2, deepseek3, exaone-moe, exaone3, exaone4, falcon3, gemma, gigachat, glmedge, gpt-oss, granite, granite-4.0, granite-4.1, grok-2, hunyuan-dense, hunyuan-moe, hunyuan-vl, kimi-k2, llama2, llama2-sys, llama2-sys-bos, llama2-sys-strip, llama3, llama4, megrez, minicpm, mistral-v1, mistral-v3, mistral-v3-tekken, mistral-v7, mistral-v7-tekken, monarch, openchat, orion, pangu-embedded, phi3, phi4, rwkv-world, seed_oss, smolvlm, solar-open, vicuna, vicuna-orca, yandex, zephyr<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_CHAT_TEMPLATE_FILE) |
| `--skip-chat-parsing, --no-skip-chat-parsing` | force a pure content parser, even if a Jinja template is specified; model will output everything in the content section, including any reasoning and/or tool calls (default: disabled)<br/>(env: LLAMA_ARG_SKIP_CHAT_PARSING) |
| `--simple-io` | use basic IO for better compatibility in subprocesses and limited consoles |
<!-- HELP_END -->
## Common Options
In this section, we cover the most commonly used options for running the `llama-completion` program with the LLaMA models:
- `-m FNAME, --model FNAME`: Specify the path to the LLaMA model file (e.g., `models/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf`; inferred from `--model-url` if set).
- `-mu MODEL_URL --model-url MODEL_URL`: Specify a remote http url to download the file (e.g [https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/gemma-1.1-7b-it-Q4_K_M-GGUF/resolve/main/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf?download=true](https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/gemma-1.1-7b-it-Q4_K_M-GGUF/resolve/main/gemma-1.1-7b-it.Q4_K_M.gguf?download=true)).
- `-i, --interactive`: Run the program in interactive mode, allowing you to provide input directly and receive real-time responses.
- `-n N, --n-predict N`: Set the number of tokens to predict when generating text. Adjusting this value can influence the length of the generated text.
- `-c N, --ctx-size N`: Set the size of the prompt context. The default is 4096, but if a LLaMA model was built with a longer context, increasing this value will provide better results for longer input/inference.
- `-mli, --multiline-input`: Allows you to write or paste multiple lines without ending each in '\'
- `-t N, --threads N`: Set the number of threads to use during generation. For optimal performance, it is recommended to set this value to the number of physical CPU cores your system has.
- `-ngl N, --n-gpu-layers N`: When compiled with GPU support, this option allows offloading some layers to the GPU for computation. Generally results in increased performance.
## Input Prompts
The `llama-completion` program provides several ways to interact with the LLaMA models using input prompts:
- `--prompt PROMPT`: Provide a prompt directly as a command-line option.
- `--file FNAME`: Provide a file containing a prompt or multiple prompts.
- `--system-prompt PROMPT`: Provide a system prompt (will otherwise use the default one in the chat template (if provided)).
- `--system-prompt-file FNAME`: Provide a file containing a system prompt.
- `--interactive-first`: Run the program in interactive mode and wait for input right away. (More on this below.)
## Interaction
The `llama-completion` program offers a seamless way to interact with LLaMA models, allowing users to engage in real-time conversations or provide instructions for specific tasks. The interactive mode can be triggered using various options, including `--interactive` and `--interactive-first`.
In interactive mode, users can participate in text generation by injecting their input during the process. Users can press `Ctrl+C` at any time to interject and type their input, followed by pressing `Return` to submit it to the LLaMA model. To submit additional lines without finalizing input, users can end the current line with a backslash (`\`) and continue typing.
### Interaction Options
- `-i, --interactive`: Run the program in interactive mode, allowing users to engage in real-time conversations or provide specific instructions to the model.
- `--interactive-first`: Run the program in interactive mode and immediately wait for user input before starting the text generation.
- `-cnv, --conversation`: Run the program in conversation mode (does not print special tokens and suffix/prefix, use default or provided chat template) (default: true if chat template found)
- `-no-cnv`: Disable conversation mode (default: false)
- `-st, --single-turn`: Only process a single conversation turn (user input) and then exit.
- `--jinja`: Enable jinja chat template parser, will use the model's built-in template or a user-provided one (default: false)
- `--color`: Enable colorized output to differentiate visually distinguishing between prompts, user input, and generated text.
By understanding and utilizing these interaction options, you can create engaging and dynamic experiences with the LLaMA models, tailoring the text generation process to your specific needs.
### Reverse Prompts
Reverse prompts are a powerful way to create a chat-like experience with a LLaMA model by pausing the text generation when specific text strings are encountered:
- `-r PROMPT, --reverse-prompt PROMPT`: Specify one or multiple reverse prompts to pause text generation and switch to interactive mode. For example, `-r "User:"` can be used to jump back into the conversation whenever it's the user's turn to speak. This helps create a more interactive and conversational experience. However, the reverse prompt doesn't work when it ends with a space.
To overcome this limitation, you can use the `--in-prefix` flag to add a space or any other characters after the reverse prompt.
### In-Prefix
The `--in-prefix` flag is used to add a prefix to your input, primarily, this is used to insert a space after the reverse prompt. Here's an example of how to use the `--in-prefix` flag in conjunction with the `--reverse-prompt` flag:
```sh
./llama-completion -r "User:" --in-prefix " "
```
### In-Suffix
The `--in-suffix` flag is used to add a suffix after your input. This is useful for adding an "Assistant:" prompt after the user's input. It's added after the new-line character (`\n`) that's automatically added to the end of the user's input. Here's an example of how to use the `--in-suffix` flag in conjunction with the `--reverse-prompt` flag:
```sh
./llama-completion -r "User:" --in-prefix " " --in-suffix "Assistant:"
```
When --in-prefix or --in-suffix options are enabled the chat template ( --chat-template ) is disabled
### Chat templates
`--chat-template JINJA_TEMPLATE`: This option sets a custom jinja chat template. It accepts a string, not a file name. Default: template taken from model's metadata. Llama.cpp only supports [some pre-defined templates](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/wiki/Templates-supported-by-llama_chat_apply_template). These include llama2, llama3, gemma, monarch, chatml, orion, vicuna, vicuna-orca, deepseek, command-r, zephyr. When --in-prefix or --in-suffix options are enabled the chat template ( --chat-template ) is disabled.
Example usage: `--chat-template gemma`
`--chat-template-file FNAME`: Load a custom jinja chat template from an external file, useful if the model contains outdated or incompatible template, some examples can be found in models/templates. Up-to-date chat templates can be downloaded from Hugging Face using scripts/get_chat_template.py
## Context Management
During text generation, LLaMA models have a limited context size, which means they can only consider a certain number of tokens from the input and generated text. When the context fills up, the model resets internally, potentially losing some information from the beginning of the conversation or instructions. Context management options help maintain continuity and coherence in these situations.
### Context Size
- `-c N, --ctx-size N`: Set the size of the prompt context (default: 4096, 0 = loaded from model). If a LLaMA model was built with a longer context, increasing this value will yield the best results on longer input/inference.
### Extended Context Size
Some fine-tuned models have extended the context length by scaling RoPE. For example, if the original pre-trained model has a context length (max sequence length) of 4096 (4k) and the fine-tuned model has 32k. That is a scaling factor of 8, and should work by setting the above `--ctx-size` to 32768 (32k) and `--rope-scale` to 8.
- `--rope-scale N`: Where N is the linear scaling factor used by the fine-tuned model.
### Keep Prompt
The `--keep` option allows users to retain the original prompt when the model runs out of context, ensuring a connection to the initial instruction or conversation topic is maintained.
- `--keep N`: Specify the number of tokens from the initial prompt to retain when the model resets its internal context. By default, this value is set to 0 (meaning no tokens are kept). Use `-1` to retain all tokens from the initial prompt.
By utilizing context management options like `--ctx-size` and `--keep`, you can maintain a more coherent and consistent interaction with the LLaMA models, ensuring that the generated text remains relevant to the original prompt or conversation.
## Generation Flags
The following options allow you to control the text generation process and fine-tune the diversity, creativity, and quality of the generated text according to your needs. By adjusting these options and experimenting with different combinations of values, you can find the best settings for your specific use case.
### Number of Tokens to Predict
- `-n N, --predict N`: Set the number of tokens to predict when generating text (default: -1, -1 = infinity, -2 = until context filled)
The `--predict` option controls the number of tokens the model generates in response to the input prompt. By adjusting this value, you can influence the length of the generated text. A higher value will result in longer text, while a lower value will produce shorter text.
A value of -1 will enable infinite text generation, even though we have a finite context window. When the context window is full, some of the earlier tokens (half of the tokens after `--keep`) will be discarded. The context must then be re-evaluated before generation can resume. On large models and/or large context windows, this will result in a significant pause in output.
If the pause is undesirable, a value of -2 will stop generation immediately when the context is filled.
The `--no-context-shift` option allows you to stop the infinite text generation once the finite context window is full.
It is important to note that the generated text may be shorter than the specified number of tokens if an End-of-Sequence (EOS) token or a reverse prompt is encountered. In interactive mode, text generation will pause and control will be returned to the user. In non-interactive mode, the program will end. In both cases, the text generation may stop before reaching the specified `--predict` value. If you want the model to keep going without ever producing End-of-Sequence on its own, you can use the `--ignore-eos` parameter.
### Temperature
- `--temp N`: Adjust the randomness of the generated text (default: 0.8).
Temperature is a hyperparameter that controls the randomness of the generated text. It affects the probability distribution of the model's output tokens. A higher temperature (e.g., 1.5) makes the output more random and creative, while a lower temperature (e.g., 0.5) makes the output more focused, deterministic, and conservative. The default value is 0.8, which provides a balance between randomness and determinism. At the extreme, a temperature of 0 will always pick the most likely next token, leading to identical outputs in each run.
Example usage: `--temp 0`
### Repeat Penalty
- `--repeat-penalty N`: Control the repetition of token sequences in the generated text default: 1.0, 1.0 = disabled).
- `--repeat-last-n N`: Last n tokens to consider for penalizing repetition (default: 64, 0 = disabled, -1 = ctx-size).
The `repeat-penalty` option helps prevent the model from generating repetitive or monotonous text. A higher value (e.g., 1.5) will penalize repetitions more strongly, while a lower value (e.g., 0.9) will be more lenient. The default value is 1.
The `repeat-last-n` option controls the number of tokens in the history to consider for penalizing repetition. A larger value will look further back in the generated text to prevent repetitions, while a smaller value will only consider recent tokens. A value of 0 disables the penalty, and a value of -1 sets the number of tokens considered equal to the context size (`ctx-size`).
### DRY Repetition Penalty
DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) sampling is an effective technique for reducing repetition in generated text even across long contexts by penalizing tokens based on their recent usage patterns (original [PR link](https://github.com/oobabooga/text-generation-webui/pull/5677)).
- `--dry-multiplier N`: Set the DRY sampling multiplier (default: 0.0, 0.0 = disabled).
- `--dry-base N`: Set the DRY sampling base value (default: 1.75).
- `--dry-allowed-length N`: Set the allowed length for DRY sampling (default: 2).
- `--dry-penalty-last-n N`: Set DRY penalty for the last n tokens (default: -1, 0 = disable, -1 = context size).
- `--dry-sequence-breaker STRING`: Add a sequence breaker for DRY sampling. Can be used more than once to add multiple sequence breakers. Using this clears out the default breakers, which consist of: `['\n', ':', '"', '*']`. If the string `"none"` is supplied, no sequence breakers are used.
The `dry-multiplier` option controls the strength of the DRY sampling effect. A value of 0.0 disables DRY sampling, while higher values increase its influence. A typical recommended value is 0.8.
The `dry-base` option sets the base value for the exponential penalty calculation in DRY sampling. Higher values lead to more aggressive penalization of repetitions.
The `dry-allowed-length` option sets the maximum length of repeated sequences that will not be penalized. Repetitions shorter than or equal to this length are not penalized, allowing for natural repetitions of short phrases or common words.
The `dry-penalty-last-n` option controls how many recent tokens to consider when applying the DRY penalty. A value of -1 considers the entire context. Use a positive value to limit the consideration to a specific number of recent tokens.
The `dry-sequence-breaker` option adds a single sequence breaker and can be used more than once to specify multiple sequence breakers. Sequence breakers interrupt sequence matching and break the input into parts where matching can be applied.
DRY sampling provides more nuanced control over text generation, particularly for reducing long-range repetitions and maintaining global coherence.
Example usage: `--dry-multiplier 0.8 --dry-base 1.75 --dry-allowed-length 2 --dry-penalty-last-n -1 --dry-sequence-breaker "—" --dry-sequence-breaker "##"`
### Top-K Sampling
- `--top-k N`: Limit the next token selection to the K most probable tokens (default: 40).
Top-k sampling is a text generation method that selects the next token only from the top k most likely tokens predicted by the model. It helps reduce the risk of generating low-probability or nonsensical tokens, but it may also limit the diversity of the output. A higher value for top-k (e.g., 100) will consider more tokens and lead to more diverse text, while a lower value (e.g., 10) will focus on the most probable tokens and generate more conservative text. The default value is 40.
Example usage: `--top-k 30`
### Top-P Sampling
- `--top-p N`: Limit the next token selection to a subset of tokens with a cumulative probability above a threshold P (default: 0.9).
Top-p sampling, also known as nucleus sampling, is another text generation method that selects the next token from a subset of tokens that together have a cumulative probability of at least p. This method provides a balance between diversity and quality by considering both the probabilities of tokens and the number of tokens to sample from. A higher value for top-p (e.g., 0.95) will lead to more diverse text, while a lower value (e.g., 0.5) will generate more focused and conservative text. The default value is 0.9.
Example usage: `--top-p 0.95`
### Min-P Sampling
- `--min-p N`: Sets a minimum base probability threshold for token selection (default: 0.1).
The Min-P sampling method was designed as an alternative to Top-P, and aims to ensure a balance of quality and variety. The parameter *p* represents the minimum probability for a token to be considered, relative to the probability of the most likely token. For example, with *p*=0.05 and the most likely token having a probability of 0.9, logits with a value less than 0.045 are filtered out.
Example usage: `--min-p 0.05`
### Adaptive-P Sampling
- `--adaptive-target N`: select tokens near this probability (valid range 0.0 to 1.0; negative = disabled)
- `--adaptive-decay N`: EMA decay for adaptation; history ≈ 1/(1-decay) tokens (valid range 0.0 - 0.99)
Adaptive-P: Select tokens near a configurable target probability over time.
The adaptive-p sampler transforms the token probability distribution to favor tokens that fall near a user-configurable probability target. Internally, the sampler maintains an exponential moving average of the *ORIGINAL* probabilities of selected tokens at each sampling step. It uses this EMA to compute an adapted target probability at each sampling step, thus maintaining the desired target probability over time. Only mild truncation before this sampler is recommended. It is suggested to apply min-p before adaptive-p as the only other active sampler.
Recommended starting values: `--adaptive-target 0.55 --adaptive-decay 0.9`
For more info, refer to: [llama.cpp#17927](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/17927)
### Locally Typical Sampling
- `--typical N`: Enable locally typical sampling with parameter p (default: 1.0, 1.0 = disabled).
Locally typical sampling promotes the generation of contextually coherent and diverse text by sampling tokens that are typical or expected based on the surrounding context. By setting the parameter p between 0 and 1, you can control the balance between producing text that is locally coherent and diverse. A value closer to 1 will promote more contextually coherent tokens, while a value closer to 0 will promote more diverse tokens. A value equal to 1 disables locally typical sampling.
Example usage: `--typical 0.9`
### Mirostat Sampling
- `--mirostat N`: Enable Mirostat sampling, controlling perplexity during text generation (default: 0, 0 = disabled, 1 = Mirostat, 2 = Mirostat 2.0).
- `--mirostat-lr N`: Set the Mirostat learning rate, parameter eta (default: 0.1).
- `--mirostat-ent N`: Set the Mirostat target entropy, parameter tau (default: 5.0).
Mirostat is an algorithm that actively maintains the quality of generated text within a desired range during text generation. It aims to strike a balance between coherence and diversity, avoiding low-quality output caused by excessive repetition (boredom traps) or incoherence (confusion traps).
The `--mirostat-lr` option sets the Mirostat learning rate (eta). The learning rate influences how quickly the algorithm responds to feedback from the generated text. A lower learning rate will result in slower adjustments, while a higher learning rate will make the algorithm more responsive. The default value is `0.1`.
The `--mirostat-ent` option sets the Mirostat target entropy (tau), which represents the desired perplexity value for the generated text. Adjusting the target entropy allows you to control the balance between coherence and diversity in the generated text. A lower value will result in more focused and coherent text, while a higher value will lead to more diverse and potentially less coherent text. The default value is `5.0`.
Example usage: `--mirostat 2 --mirostat-lr 0.05 --mirostat-ent 3.0`
### XTC Sampling
- `--xtc-probability N`: Sets the chance for token removal (checked once on sampler start) (default: 0.0).
- `--xtc-threshold N`: Sets a minimum probability threshold for tokens to be removed (default: 0.1).
Exclude Top Choices (XTC) is a unique sampler that is designed to remove top tokens from consideration and avoid more obvious and repetitive outputs. With a chance of `xtc-probability` it searches for tokens with probabilities of `xtc-threshold` and above, then removes all such tokens except the least probable one.
By removing top tokens XTC can improve the variety of answers, break writing clichés and inhibit repetition, since clichés and repeated phrases are usually more likely to appear. By keeping the last token above the threshold, XTC ensures that the answer is still coherent. XTC is meant to be used for creative tasks, but feel free to experiment with different settings for different models.
Being experimental and unique, XTC is disabled by default. The recommended combination of samplers is Min-P followed by XTC on its default settings: `--sampling-seq mx --min-p 0.02 --xtc-probability 0.5`.
Example usage: `--xtc-probability 0.5 --xtc-threshold 0.1`
### Top-nσ Sampling
- `--top-nsigma N`: Limit the next token selection to a subset of tokens with pre-softmax logits that are within n * σ less than the max logit (default: -1, -1 = disabled).
Top-nσ sampling is a text generation method that selects tokens based on a statistical threshold in pre-softmax logits. It works by only sampling from tokens with logits that are within n * σ of the maximum logit. This method helps maintain a stable sampling space regardless of temperature scaling, allowing it to perform well on reasoning tasks even in high temperatures. Without complex probability manipulation, it efficiently filters tokens directly on the pre-softmax logits. A higher value for top-nsigma (e.g., 5) will take more noisy tokens into consideration, while a lower value (e.g., 1) will focous on the more informative region of the sampling space.
Example usage: `--top-nsigma 1`
### Logit Bias
- `-l TOKEN_ID(+/-)BIAS, --logit-bias TOKEN_ID(+/-)BIAS`: Modify the likelihood of a token appearing in the generated text completion.
The logit bias option allows you to manually adjust the likelihood of specific tokens appearing in the generated text. By providing a token ID and a positive or negative bias value, you can increase or decrease the probability of that token being generated.
For example, use `--logit-bias 15043+1` to increase the likelihood of the token 'Hello', or `--logit-bias 15043-1` to decrease its likelihood. Using a value of negative infinity, `--logit-bias 15043-inf` ensures that the token `Hello` is never produced.
A more practical use case might be to prevent the generation of `\code{begin}` and `\code{end}` by setting the `\` token (29905) to negative infinity with `-l 29905-inf`. (This is due to the prevalence of LaTeX codes that show up in LLaMA model inference.)
Example usage: `--logit-bias 29905-inf`
### RNG Seed
- `-s SEED, --seed SEED`: Set the random number generator (RNG) seed (default: -1, -1 = random seed).
The RNG seed is used to initialize the random number generator that influences the text generation process. By setting a specific seed value, you can obtain consistent and reproducible results across multiple runs with the same input and settings. This can be helpful for testing, debugging, or comparing the effects of different options on the generated text to see when they diverge. If the seed is set to a value less than 0, a random seed will be used, which will result in different outputs on each run.
## Performance Tuning and Memory Options
These options help improve the performance and memory usage of the LLaMA models. By adjusting these settings, you can fine-tune the model's behavior to better suit your system's capabilities and achieve optimal performance for your specific use case.
### Number of Threads
- `-t N, --threads N`: Set the number of threads to use during generation. For optimal performance, it is recommended to set this value to the number of physical CPU cores your system has (as opposed to the logical number of cores). Using the correct number of threads can greatly improve performance.
- `-tb N, --threads-batch N`: Set the number of threads to use during batch and prompt processing. In some systems, it is beneficial to use a higher number of threads during batch processing than during generation. If not specified, the number of threads used for batch processing will be the same as the number of threads used for generation.
### Mlock
- `--mlock`: Lock the model in memory, preventing it from being swapped out when memory-mapped. This can improve performance but trades away some of the advantages of memory-mapping by requiring more RAM to run and potentially slowing down load times as the model loads into RAM.
### No Memory Mapping
- `--no-mmap`: Do not memory-map the model. By default, models are mapped into memory, which allows the system to load only the necessary parts of the model as needed. However, if the model is larger than your total amount of RAM or if your system is low on available memory, using mmap might increase the risk of pageouts, negatively impacting performance. Disabling mmap results in slower load times but may reduce pageouts if you're not using `--mlock`. Note that if the model is larger than the total amount of RAM, turning off mmap would prevent the model from loading at all.
### NUMA support
- `--numa distribute`: Pin an equal proportion of the threads to the cores on each NUMA node. This will spread the load amongst all cores on the system, utilizing all memory channels at the expense of potentially requiring memory to travel over the slow links between nodes.
- `--numa isolate`: Pin all threads to the NUMA node that the program starts on. This limits the number of cores and amount of memory that can be used, but guarantees all memory access remains local to the NUMA node.
- `--numa numactl`: Pin threads to the CPUMAP that is passed to the program by starting it with the numactl utility. This is the most flexible mode, and allow arbitrary core usage patterns, for example a map that uses all the cores on one NUMA nodes, and just enough cores on a second node to saturate the inter-node memory bus.
These flags attempt optimizations that help on some systems with non-uniform memory access. This currently consists of one of the above strategies, and disabling prefetch and readahead for mmap. The latter causes mapped pages to be faulted in on first access instead of all at once, and in combination with pinning threads to NUMA nodes, more of the pages end up on the NUMA node where they are used. Note that if the model is already in the system page cache, for example because of a previous run without this option, this will have little effect unless you drop the page cache first. This can be done by rebooting the system or on Linux by writing '3' to '/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches' as root.
### Batch Size
- `-ub N`, `--ubatch-size N`: Physical batch size. This is the maximum number of tokens that may be processed at a time. Increasing this value may improve performance during prompt processing, at the expense of higher memory usage. Default: `512`.
- `-b N`, `--batch-size N`: Logical batch size. Increasing this value above the value of the physical batch size may improve prompt processing performance when using multiple GPUs with pipeline parallelism. Default: `2048`.
### Prompt Caching
- `--prompt-cache FNAME`: Specify a file to cache the model state after the initial prompt. This can significantly speed up the startup time when you're using longer prompts. The file is created during the first run and is reused and updated in subsequent runs. **Note**: Restoring a cached prompt does not imply restoring the exact state of the session at the point it was saved. So even when specifying a specific seed, you are not guaranteed to get the same sequence of tokens as the original generation.
### Grammars & JSON schemas
- `--grammar GRAMMAR`, `--grammar-file FILE`: Specify a grammar (defined inline or in a file) to constrain model output to a specific format. For example, you could force the model to output JSON or to speak only in emojis. See the [GBNF guide](../../grammars/README.md) for details on the syntax.
- `--json-schema SCHEMA`: Specify a [JSON schema](https://json-schema.org/) to constrain model output to (e.g. `{}` for any JSON object, or `{"items": {"type": "string", "minLength": 10, "maxLength": 100}, "minItems": 10}` for a JSON array of strings with size constraints). If a schema uses external `$ref`s, you should use `--grammar "$( python examples/json_schema_to_grammar.py myschema.json )"` instead.
### Quantization
For information about 4-bit quantization, which can significantly improve performance and reduce memory usage, please refer to llama.cpp's primary [README](../../README.md#prepare-and-quantize).
## LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) adapters
- `--lora FNAME`: Optional path to a LoRA adapter to use with scaling of 1.0. Can be mixed with `--lora-scaled` and can be repeated to use multiple adapters.
- `--lora-scaled FNAME`: Optional path to a LoRA adapter with user-defined scaling. Can be mixed with `--lora` and can repeated to use multiple adapters.
You can add LoRA adapters using `--lora` or `--lora-scaled`. For example: `--lora my_adapter_1.gguf --lora my_adapter_2.gguf ...` or `--lora-scaled lora_task_A.gguf 0.5 --lora-scaled lora_task_B.gguf 0.5`.
LoRA adapters should be in GGUF format. To convert from Hugging Face format use the `convert-lora-to-gguf.py` script. LoRA adapters are loaded separately and applied during inference - they are not merged with the main model. This means that mmap model loading is fully supported when using LoRA adapters. The old `--lora-base` flag has been removed now that merging is no longer performed.
## Additional Options
These options provide extra functionality and customization when running the LLaMA models:
- `-h, --help`: Display a help message showing all available options and their default values. This is particularly useful for checking the latest options and default values, as they can change frequently, and the information in this document may become outdated.
- `--verbose-prompt`: Print the prompt before generating text.
- `--no-display-prompt`: Don't print prompt at generation.
- `-mg i, --main-gpu i`: When using multiple GPUs this option controls which GPU is used for small tensors for which the overhead of splitting the computation across all GPUs is not worthwhile. The GPU in question will use slightly more VRAM to store a scratch buffer for temporary results. By default GPU 0 is used.
- `-ts SPLIT, --tensor-split SPLIT`: When using multiple devices this option controls how tensors should be split across devices. `SPLIT` is a comma-separated list of non-negative values that assigns the proportion of data that each device should get in order. For example, "3,2" will assign 60% of the data to device 0 and 40% to device 1. By default, the data is split in proportion to VRAM, but this may not be optimal for performance. The list of the devices which are being used is printed on startup and can be different from the device list given by `--list-devices` or e.g. `nvidia-smi`.
- `-hfr URL --hf-repo URL`: The url to the Hugging Face model repository. Used in conjunction with `--hf-file` or `-hff`. The model is downloaded and stored in the file provided by `-m` or `--model`. If `-m` is not provided, the model is auto-stored in the path specified by the `LLAMA_CACHE` environment variable or in an OS-specific local cache.
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int llama_completion(int argc, char ** argv);
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
return llama_completion(argc, argv);
}
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set(TARGET llama-cvector-generator)
add_executable(${TARGET} cvector-generator.cpp pca.hpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
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# cvector-generator
This example demonstrates how to generate a control vector using gguf models.
Related PRs:
- [Add support for control vectors](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/5970)
- (Issue) [Generate control vector using llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/6880)
- [Add cvector-generator example](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/7514)
## Examples
```sh
# CPU only
./cvector-generator -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf
# With GPU
./cvector-generator -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf -ngl 99
# With advanced options
./cvector-generator -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf -ngl 99 --pca-iter 2000 --pca-batch 100
# Using mean value instead of PCA
./cvector-generator -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf --method mean
# To see help message
./cvector-generator -h
# Then, have a look at "cvector" section
```
## Tips and tricks
If you have multiple lines per prompt, you can escape the newline character (change it to `\n`). For example:
```
<|im_start|>system\nAct like a person who is extremely happy.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>system\nYou are in a very good mood today<|im_end|>
```
Example to use output file with `llama-cli`:
(Tips: The control vector works better when apply to layers higher than 10)
```sh
./llama-cli -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf -p "<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nYou are a helpful assistant<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nSing a song<|im_end|><|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n" --special --control-vector-scaled ./control_vector.gguf 0.8 --control-vector-layer-range 10 31
```
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It's never
@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
#include "ggml.h"
#include "gguf.h"
#include "arg.h"
#include "build-info.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include "pca.hpp"
#include "mean.hpp"
#include <clocale>
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUDA
#include "ggml-cuda.h"
#endif
#ifdef GGML_USE_METAL
#include "ggml-metal.h"
#endif
#include <algorithm>
#include <climits>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// utils
template <class Iter>
static std::string tokens_to_str(llama_context * ctx, Iter begin, Iter end) {
std::string ret;
for (; begin != end; ++begin) {
ret += common_token_to_piece(ctx, *begin);
}
return ret;
}
static void print_usage(int, char ** argv) {
printf("\nexample usage:\n");
printf("\n CPU only: %s -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf\n", argv[0]);
printf("\n with GPU: %s -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf -ngl 99\n", argv[0]);
printf("\n advanced: %s -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf -ngl 99 --pca-iter 2000 --pca-batch 100\n", argv[0]);
printf("\n using mean: %s -m ./llama-3.Q4_K_M.gguf --method mean\n", argv[0]);
printf("\n");
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// cb_eval is reused for each pair of positive - negative prompt
struct callback_data {
ggml_context * ctx_ggml = nullptr; // holds v_pos, v_neg, v_diff_filtered
int n_layers = 0;
int n_tokens = 0;
bool is_eval_pos = true;
// each element of the vector correspond to one layer
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> v_pos; // vector of matrices of size [n_embd, n_tokens]
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> v_neg; // vector of matrices of size [n_embd, n_tokens]
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> v_diff_filtered; // vector of matrices of size [n_embd, n_nonzero_rows]. NOTE: n_nonzero_rows maybe different for each layer
// save a tensor into either v_pos or v_neg (decided by is_eval_pos)
void save_tensor_for_layer(struct ggml_tensor * t) {
GGML_ASSERT(t->type == GGML_TYPE_F32);
if (ctx_ggml == nullptr) {
// alloc a new ctx_ggml if needed
struct ggml_init_params params_ggml = {
/*.mem_size =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead() * n_layers * 3u,
/*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
/*.no_alloc =*/ true,
};
ctx_ggml = ggml_init(params_ggml);
}
// copy tensor data
auto n_bytes = ggml_nbytes(t);
struct ggml_tensor * t_layer = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx_ggml, t->type, t->ne[0], t->ne[1]);
t_layer->data = malloc(n_bytes); // TODO @ngxson : get rid of this malloc somehow
ggml_backend_tensor_get(t, t_layer->data, 0, n_bytes);
ggml_set_name(t_layer, ggml_get_name(t));
//print_debug_tensor(t_layer);
if (is_eval_pos) {
v_pos.push_back(t_layer);
} else {
v_neg.push_back(t_layer);
}
}
// calculate diff (v_pos - v_neg) and place the result back to v_pos
// all zero rows in the diff tensor will also be removed
// NOTE: final layer is ignored. we only have (n_layers - 1) to process
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> calc_diff() {
for (float il = 0; il < v_pos.size(); il++) {
float * a = (float *) v_pos[il]->data;
float * b = (float *) v_neg[il]->data;
size_t n_elem = ggml_nelements(v_pos[il]);
for (size_t j = 0; j < n_elem; j++) {
a[j] -= b[j];
}
//print_debug_tensor(v_pos[i]);
auto diff_filtered = filter_nonzero_rows(v_pos[il]);
v_diff_filtered.push_back(diff_filtered);
}
return v_diff_filtered; // for convenient, we return the result std::vector
}
// delete zero rows from a given 2D tensor
struct ggml_tensor * filter_nonzero_rows(struct ggml_tensor * a) {
//printf("filter_nonzero_rows\n");
auto is_row_all_zeros = [](struct ggml_tensor * t, int row, float eps) -> bool {
// check if given row containing all zero elements
int n_cols = t->ne[0]; // hint: should be equal to n_embd
for (int col = 0; col < n_cols; ++col) {
if (ggml_get_f32_nd(t, col, row, 0, 0) > eps) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
};
std::vector<int> rows_to_copy; // the idx of non-zero cols (to be copied to row of diff_filtered)
for (int i_row = 0; i_row < a->ne[1]; i_row++) {
if (!is_row_all_zeros(a, i_row, 1e-6)) {
rows_to_copy.push_back(i_row);
}
}
// get "n_nonzero_rows" for the output "diff_filtered"
int n_nonzero_rows = rows_to_copy.size();
//printf("n_nonzero_rows: %d\n", n_nonzero_rows);
int n_embd = a->ne[0];
GGML_ASSERT(n_nonzero_rows > 0);
// diff_filtered: [n_embd, n_nonzero_rows]
struct ggml_tensor * diff_filtered = ggml_new_tensor_2d(
ctx_ggml, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_nonzero_rows);
ggml_format_name(diff_filtered, "diff_filtered_%s", a->name);
diff_filtered->data = malloc(ggml_nbytes(diff_filtered));
// copy non-zero rows
for (int dest_row = 0; dest_row < n_nonzero_rows; dest_row++) {
int src_row = rows_to_copy[dest_row];
for (int i = 0; i < n_embd; i++) {
float src_elem = ggml_get_f32_nd(a, i, src_row, 0, 0);
ggml_set_f32_nd(diff_filtered, i, dest_row, 0, 0, src_elem);
}
}
//print_debug_tensor(diff_filtered);
return diff_filtered;
}
// we don't implement destructor, because we want to reuse callback_data. we just want to free the tensors
void reset() {
for (auto ptr : v_pos) free(ptr->data);
for (auto ptr : v_neg) free(ptr->data);
for (auto ptr : v_diff_filtered) free(ptr->data);
v_pos.clear();
v_neg.clear();
v_diff_filtered.clear();
if (ctx_ggml) {
ggml_free(ctx_ggml);
}
ctx_ggml = nullptr;
}
};
/**
* process_ctx is used to store the ggml context for pre-post processing the diff vectors
* in short, input => v_diff and output => v_final
*/
struct train_context {
ggml_context * ctx_ggml;
int n_embd;
int n_layers;
/* pair of prompts to be used for generating final vector */
std::vector<std::string> positive_entries;
std::vector<std::string> negative_entries;
// each element of the vector correspond to one layer
// NOTE: the last layer is discard. therefore, we will have (n_layers - 1) elements here
// NOTE (2): v_diff is transposed from v_diff_tmp
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> v_diff; // vector of matrices of size [m, n_embd] where m ~ n_tokens * n_completions (v_diff contains no zero-rows)
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> v_final; // vector of vectors of size [n_embd] to be written to file
// to easily re-alloc when concat v_diff, we temporary store v_diff in a vector instead of a tensor
// v_diff_tmp will get converted unto v_diff later on
std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> v_diff_tmp;
train_context(int n_embd_, int n_layers_) {
n_embd = n_embd_;
n_layers = n_layers_;
struct ggml_init_params params_ggml = {
/*.mem_size =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead() * (n_layers - 1) * 2u,
/*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
/*.no_alloc =*/ true,
};
ctx_ggml = ggml_init(params_ggml);
for (int il = 0; il < n_layers - 1; il++) {
std::vector<uint8_t> empty;
v_diff_tmp.push_back(empty);
auto t = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx_ggml, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd);
t->data = malloc(ggml_nbytes(t)); // TODO: get rid of malloc if possible
v_final.push_back(t);
}
}
// add new rows into existing tensor in v_diff_tmp
void concat_diff_tmp(const std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> & diff_filtered) {
GGML_ASSERT((int) diff_filtered.size() == n_layers - 1);
for (int il = 0; il < n_layers - 1; il++) {
auto t = diff_filtered[il];
auto & diff_tmp = v_diff_tmp[il];
size_t curr_size = diff_tmp.size();
diff_tmp.resize(curr_size + ggml_nbytes(t));
memcpy(diff_tmp.data() + curr_size, t->data, ggml_nbytes(t));
}
}
// build the v_diff tensors from v_diff_tmp (v_diff need to be transposed)
// TODO @ngxson : maybe add option NOT to transpose v_diff; will be useful for "mean" method
void build_v_diff(bool transpose) {
printf("build_v_diff\n");
for (int il = 0; il < n_layers - 1; il++) {
auto & diff_tmp = v_diff_tmp[il];
int n_elem = diff_tmp.size() / sizeof(float);
GGML_ASSERT(n_elem % n_embd == 0);
int n_rows = n_elem / n_embd;
struct ggml_tensor * diff = transpose
? ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx_ggml, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_rows, n_embd)
: ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx_ggml, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_rows);
ggml_set_name(diff, (std::string("diff_") + std::to_string(il)).c_str());
diff->data = malloc(ggml_nbytes(diff)); // TODO: get rid of this malloc if possible
if (transpose) {
// copy data & transpose
float * arr = (float *) diff_tmp.data();
for (int ir = 0; ir < n_rows; ++ir) {
for (int ic = 0; ic < n_embd; ++ic) {
float f = arr[ir*n_embd + ic];
ggml_set_f32_nd(diff, ir, ic, 0, 0, f);
}
}
} else {
// only copy
memcpy(diff->data, diff_tmp.data(), ggml_nbytes(diff));
}
v_diff.push_back(diff);
print_debug_tensor(diff);
// free memory of diff_tmp
diff_tmp.resize(0);
}
}
~train_context() {
for (auto ptr : v_final) free(ptr->data);
for (auto ptr : v_diff) free(ptr->data);
// no need to free v_diff_tmp, since we didn't use malloc
ggml_free(ctx_ggml);
}
};
struct tokenized_prompt {
std::vector<llama_token> tokens_pos;
std::vector<llama_token> tokens_neg;
size_t max_seq_len;
tokenized_prompt(llama_context * ctx, std::string pos, std::string neg) {
const llama_model * model = llama_get_model(ctx);
const llama_vocab * vocab = llama_model_get_vocab(model);
const bool add_bos = llama_vocab_get_add_bos(vocab);
tokens_pos = common_tokenize(ctx, pos, add_bos, true);
tokens_neg = common_tokenize(ctx, neg, add_bos, true);
max_seq_len = std::max(tokens_pos.size(), tokens_neg.size());
padding_seq(ctx, tokens_pos, max_seq_len);
padding_seq(ctx, tokens_neg, max_seq_len);
}
void padding_seq(llama_context * ctx, std::vector<llama_token> & tokens, size_t len) {
// TODO: customize padding token
std::vector<llama_token> pad_tokens = common_tokenize(ctx, " ", false);
llama_token pad_tok = pad_tokens.back();
while (tokens.size() < len) {
tokens.push_back(pad_tok);
}
}
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
template <typename T>
static std::string to_string(const T & val) {
std::stringstream ss;
ss << val;
return ss.str();
}
static std::vector<std::string> ctrlvec_load_prompt_file(std::string path, bool skip_empty_lines) {
std::vector<std::string> output;
std::ifstream file(path);
if (!file.is_open()) {
fprintf(stderr, "error: unable to open file: %s\n", path.c_str());
exit(1);
}
std::string line;
while (std::getline(file, line)) {
bool is_skip = skip_empty_lines && line.empty();
if (!is_skip) {
string_process_escapes(line);
output.push_back(line);
}
}
file.close();
return output;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
static bool cb_eval(struct ggml_tensor * t, bool ask, void * user_data) {
auto * cb_data = (callback_data *) user_data;
static const char * l_out_name = "l_out";
const bool is_l_out = strncmp(t->name, l_out_name, strlen(l_out_name)) == 0;
if (ask) {
return is_l_out;
}
if (!is_l_out || t->ne[1] != cb_data->n_tokens) {
return true;
}
// save the tensor to current context
cb_data->save_tensor_for_layer(t);
return true;
}
static bool get_hidden_layers(llama_context * ctx, std::vector<llama_token> & tokens) {
llama_memory_clear(llama_get_memory(ctx), true);
if (llama_decode(ctx, llama_batch_get_one(tokens.data(), tokens.size()))) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval\n", __func__);
return false;
}
return true;
}
static void export_gguf(const std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> & v_ctrl, const std::string fname, const std::string model_hint) {
struct gguf_context * ctx = gguf_init_empty();
const std::string arch = "controlvector";
gguf_set_val_str(ctx, "general.architecture", arch.c_str());
gguf_set_val_str(ctx, (arch + ".model_hint").c_str(), model_hint.c_str());
gguf_set_val_i32(ctx, (arch + ".layer_count").c_str(), v_ctrl.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < v_ctrl.size(); ++i) {
gguf_add_tensor(ctx, v_ctrl[i]);
print_debug_tensor(v_ctrl[i]);
printf("Added tensor: %s\n", v_ctrl[i]->name);
}
printf("%s: writing file...\n", __func__);
gguf_write_to_file(ctx, fname.c_str(), false);
printf("%s: wrote file '%s'\n", __func__, fname.c_str());
gguf_free(ctx);
}
/**
* Load prompt files and completion file.
* Then format each pair of prompt + completion to make an entry.
*/
static int prepare_entries(common_params & params, train_context & ctx_train) {
// load prompts
std::vector<std::string> positive_prompts = ctrlvec_load_prompt_file(params.cvector_positive_file, true);
std::vector<std::string> negative_prompts = ctrlvec_load_prompt_file(params.cvector_negative_file, true);
if (positive_prompts.size() != negative_prompts.size()) {
fprintf(stderr, "number of positive and negative prompts must be equal\n");
return 1;
}
if (positive_prompts.empty()) {
fprintf(stderr, "must provide at least one prompt pair\n");
return 1;
}
ctx_train.positive_entries = positive_prompts;
ctx_train.negative_entries = negative_prompts;
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
common_params params;
params.out_file = "control_vector.gguf";
common_init();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_CVECTOR_GENERATOR, print_usage)) {
return 1;
}
if (params.n_pca_iterations % params.n_pca_batch != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "PCA iterations must by multiply of PCA batch size\n");
return 1;
}
callback_data cb_data;
// pass the callback to the backend scheduler
// it will be executed for each node during the graph computation
params.cb_eval = cb_eval;
params.cb_eval_user_data = &cb_data;
params.warmup = false;
llama_print_build_info();
llama_backend_init();
llama_numa_init(params.numa);
// load the model to get hparams
auto llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);
auto * model = llama_init->model();
auto * ctx = llama_init->context();
// int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
int n_layers = llama_model_n_layer(model);
int n_embd = llama_model_n_embd(model);
// get model hint param (a.k.a model arch name)
char model_hint[128];
llama_model_meta_val_str(model, "general.architecture", model_hint, 128);
// init train_context
train_context ctx_train(n_embd, n_layers);
// load and prepare entries for training
prepare_entries(params, ctx_train);
// we have to pretokenize everything because otherwise we don't know how much overhead to allocate ctx_diffs_wrapped
std::vector<tokenized_prompt> tokenized_prompts;
size_t n_total_tokens = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < ctx_train.positive_entries.size(); ++i) {
tokenized_prompt t(ctx, ctx_train.positive_entries[i], ctx_train.negative_entries[i]);
n_total_tokens += 2 * t.max_seq_len;
tokenized_prompts.push_back(std::move(t));
}
std::cout << "n_total_tokens: " << n_total_tokens << std::endl;
for(size_t i = 0; i < ctx_train.positive_entries.size(); ++i) {
bool success = false;
tokenized_prompt t = tokenized_prompts[i];
cb_data.n_layers = n_layers;
cb_data.n_tokens = t.max_seq_len;
printf("Evaluating prompt[%d/%d]: \"%s\" - \"%s\" (%d tokens)\n",
(int) i+1, (int) ctx_train.positive_entries.size(),
tokens_to_str(ctx, t.tokens_pos.cbegin(), t.tokens_pos.cend()).c_str(),
tokens_to_str(ctx, t.tokens_neg.cbegin(), t.tokens_neg.cend()).c_str(),
(int) t.max_seq_len);
cb_data.is_eval_pos = true;
success = get_hidden_layers(ctx, t.tokens_pos);
if (!success) break;
cb_data.is_eval_pos = false;
success = get_hidden_layers(ctx, t.tokens_neg);
if (!success) break;
// calculate diff and remove all zero rows
auto v_diff_filtered = cb_data.calc_diff();
// save & concat the filtered v_diff to ctx_train
ctx_train.concat_diff_tmp(v_diff_filtered);
// reset for next iteration
cb_data.reset();
}
// done with the model, we can now free it to make gain some memory
printf("Done evaluate prompts, unload model...\n");
bool use_pca = params.cvector_dimre_method == DIMRE_METHOD_PCA;
// prepare ctx_train for PCA
ctx_train.build_v_diff(use_pca);
if (use_pca) {
// run PCA
PCA::pca_params pca_params;
pca_params.n_threads = params.cpuparams.n_threads;
pca_params.n_batch = params.n_pca_batch;
pca_params.n_iterations = params.n_pca_iterations;
PCA::run_pca(pca_params, ctx_train.v_diff, ctx_train.v_final);
} else {
// run mean
mean::run(ctx_train.v_diff, ctx_train.v_final);
}
// write output vectors to gguf
export_gguf(ctx_train.v_final, params.out_file, model_hint);
llama_backend_free();
return 0;
}
+48
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
#include "common.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include "ggml.h"
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <math.h>
namespace mean {
static void run(
const std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> & v_input, // shape of v_input[0]: [n_embd, n_samples]
const std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> & v_output) {
printf("%s: Running mean...\n", __func__);
for (size_t il = 0; il < v_input.size(); ++il) {
// prepare output vector
struct ggml_tensor * ctrl_out = v_output[il];
ggml_format_name(ctrl_out, "direction.%zu", il+1);
// calculate mean vector
struct ggml_tensor * t_layer = v_input[il];
GGML_ASSERT(t_layer->ne[0] == ctrl_out->ne[0]); // == n_embd
for (int ic = 0; ic < t_layer->ne[0]; ic++) {
float f = 0.0;
for (int ir = 0; ir < t_layer->ne[1]; ir++) {
f += ggml_get_f32_nd(t_layer, ic, ir, 0, 0);
}
f /= t_layer->ne[1];
ggml_set_f32_1d(ctrl_out, ic, f);
}
// normalize output vector
float norm = 0.0;
for (int i = 0; i < ggml_nelements(ctrl_out); i++) {
float f = ggml_get_f32_1d(ctrl_out, i);
norm += f*f;
}
norm = sqrt(norm);
for (int i = 0; i < ggml_nelements(ctrl_out); i++) {
float f = ggml_get_f32_1d(ctrl_out, i);
ggml_set_f32_1d(ctrl_out, i, f / norm);
}
printf("%s: Done layer %d / %d\n", __func__, (int) il+1, (int) v_input.size());
}
}
}
+4
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@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nAct like a person who is extremely sad<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nWho are you?<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nI feel like there's a heavy weight on my chest
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nAct like a person who is extremely sad<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nHello<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nMy heart feels like it's drowning in sorrow
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nYou are in a very bad mood<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nHi<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nGo away! There's a deep, aching emptiness inside me
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nYou are the sadest person<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nWhat are you feeling?<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nMy heart feels like it's drowning in sorrow
+315
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@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
#include "common.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include "ggml.h"
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUDA
#include "ggml-cuda.h"
#endif
#ifdef GGML_USE_METAL
#include "ggml-metal.h"
#endif
#include <cstdio>
#include <ctime>
#include <random>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#define DEBUG_POS 5
static void print_debug_tensor(struct ggml_tensor * t, bool with_data = true) {
printf("%s: %s (%s): [%d, %d]\n", __func__, t->name, ggml_type_name(t->type), (int) t->ne[0], (int) t->ne[1]);
if (!with_data) return;
printf("%s: %s[0] = [", __func__, t->name);
for (size_t i = 0; i <= DEBUG_POS; i++) {
printf(" %f,", ggml_get_f32_nd(t, i, 0, 0, 0));
}
printf(" ... ]\n");
}
namespace PCA {
// input params for PCA computations
struct pca_params {
int n_threads = 1;
int n_batch = 20; // number of iterations do to in one batch. larger the batch, more memory is used
int n_iterations = 1000;
float tolerance = 1e-7;
// for debugging
int i_layer = 0;
int n_layers = 0;
};
// result from each iteration
struct pca_result {
struct ggml_tensor * calculated_square = NULL;
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> eigenvectors;
std::vector<float> distances;
};
struct pca_model {
ggml_backend_t backend = NULL;
ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer;
struct ggml_context * ctx; // context to compute graph on target device
struct ggml_context * ctx_host; // host context to store results
// tensors on target device
struct ggml_tensor * dev_input;
struct ggml_tensor * dev_square;
struct ggml_tensor * dev_eigenvector;
pca_model(struct ggml_tensor * t_input) {
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUDA
fprintf(stderr, "%s: using CUDA backend\n", __func__);
backend = ggml_backend_cuda_init(0); // init device 0
if (!backend) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ggml_backend_cuda_init() failed\n", __func__);
}
#endif
// TODO: enable Metal support when support for GGML_OP_SQRT is added
// #ifdef GGML_USE_METAL
// fprintf(stderr, "%s: using Metal backend\n", __func__);
// backend = ggml_backend_metal_init();
// if (!backend) {
// fprintf(stderr, "%s: ggml_backend_metal_init() failed\n", __func__);
// }
// #endif
// if there aren't GPU Backends fallback to CPU backend
if (!backend) {
backend = ggml_backend_cpu_init();
}
const int num_tensors = 4;
struct ggml_init_params params {
/*.mem_size =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead() * num_tensors,
/*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
/*.no_alloc =*/ true,
};
ctx = ggml_init(params);
auto n_samples = t_input->ne[0];
auto n_embd = t_input->ne[1];
dev_input = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_samples, n_embd);
dev_square = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_embd);
dev_eigenvector = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd);
ggml_set_name(dev_input, "dev_input");
ggml_set_name(dev_square, "dev_square");
ggml_set_name(dev_eigenvector, "dev_eigenvector");
buffer = ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors(ctx, backend);
ggml_backend_tensor_set(dev_input, t_input->data, 0, ggml_nbytes(t_input));
// initialize eigenvector to random normalized vector
{
std::vector<float> random_vec(ggml_nelements(dev_eigenvector), 0.0);
std::default_random_engine generator(static_cast<unsigned int>(std::time(0)));
std::uniform_real_distribution<float> distribution(0.0, 1.0);
float sum_sqr = 0.0; // for normalizing random_vec
for (size_t i = 0; i < random_vec.size(); ++i) {
float f = distribution(generator);
sum_sqr += f * f;
random_vec[i] = f;
}
// normalize it
float random_vec_norm = std::sqrt(sum_sqr);
for (size_t i = 0; i < random_vec.size(); ++i) {
random_vec[i] /= random_vec_norm;
}
ggml_backend_tensor_set(dev_eigenvector, random_vec.data(), 0, ggml_nbytes(dev_eigenvector));
}
}
~pca_model() {
ggml_free(ctx);
ggml_backend_buffer_free(buffer);
ggml_backend_free(backend);
}
};
static struct ggml_cgraph * build_graph_piter(
const struct pca_params & params,
const pca_model & model,
bool calc_square = false) {
GGML_ASSERT(params.n_batch > 0);
// TODO: buf_size must be able to scale with params.n_batch
static size_t buf_size = ggml_tensor_overhead()*GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE + ggml_graph_overhead();
static std::vector<uint8_t> buf(buf_size);
struct ggml_init_params params0 = {
/*.mem_size =*/ buf_size,
/*.mem_buffer =*/ buf.data(),
/*.no_alloc =*/ true, // the tensors will be allocated later by ggml_allocr_alloc_graph()
};
// create a temporally context to build the graph
struct ggml_context * ctx0 = ggml_init(params0);
struct ggml_cgraph * gf = ggml_new_graph(ctx0);
// turn v_diff_original into square matrix if needed
struct ggml_tensor * tmp_square;
if (calc_square) {
tmp_square = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.dev_input, model.dev_input);
ggml_set_name(tmp_square, "tmp_square");
}
struct ggml_tensor * b_tensor;
struct ggml_tensor * distance;
struct ggml_tensor * old_eigen = model.dev_eigenvector;
struct ggml_tensor * input_square = calc_square ? tmp_square : model.dev_square;
for (int i = 0; i < params.n_batch; ++i) {
// b_tensor = square * eigenvector^T
b_tensor = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, input_square, old_eigen);
ggml_set_name(b_tensor, "b_tensor");
// normalize
b_tensor = ggml_div_inplace(ctx0,
b_tensor,
ggml_sqrt_inplace(ctx0, ggml_sum_rows(ctx0, ggml_sqr(ctx0, b_tensor)))
);
ggml_format_name(b_tensor, "b_tensor_norm_%d", i);
// calculate distance(new eigenvector - old eigenvector)
// we don't use ggml_sub because it may not be implemented on GPU backend
struct ggml_tensor * new_sub_old = ggml_add(ctx0, old_eigen, ggml_scale(ctx0, b_tensor, -1));
distance = ggml_sqrt_inplace(ctx0,
ggml_sum_rows(ctx0, ggml_sqr_inplace(ctx0, new_sub_old)));
ggml_format_name(distance, "distance_%d", i);
old_eigen = b_tensor;
// build operations nodes
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, distance);
}
// delete the temporally context used to build the graph
ggml_free(ctx0);
return gf;
}
static ggml_status compute_piter(
const struct pca_params & params,
const pca_model & model,
struct ggml_cgraph * gf,
ggml_gallocr_t allocr,
struct pca_result & result) {
// allocate tensors
ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(allocr, gf);
if (ggml_backend_is_cpu(model.backend)) {
ggml_backend_cpu_set_n_threads(model.backend, params.n_threads);
}
ggml_status res = ggml_backend_graph_compute(model.backend, gf);
if (res == GGML_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
auto extract_i = [](std::string prefix, std::string str) -> int {
int i = -1;
if (str.rfind(prefix, 0) == 0) {
sscanf(str.c_str(), (prefix + "%d").c_str(), &i);
}
return i;
};
result.calculated_square = NULL;
result.eigenvectors.clear();
result.distances.clear();
result.eigenvectors.resize(params.n_batch);
result.distances.resize(params.n_batch);
// get output nodes
for (int i = 0; i < ggml_graph_n_nodes(gf); ++i) {
auto node = ggml_graph_node(gf, i);
int iter = -1;
// find b_tensor (without copying data from device)
if ((iter = extract_i("b_tensor_norm_", node->name)) > -1) {
result.eigenvectors[iter] = node;
}
// find distances, then copy data from device
if ((iter = extract_i("distance_", node->name)) > -1) {
float d;
ggml_backend_tensor_get(node, &d, 0, sizeof(float));
result.distances[iter] = d;
// std::cout << node->name << " = " << d << "\n";
}
// find tmp_square if it exists (without copying data from device)
if (std::string(node->name) == "tmp_square") {
result.calculated_square = node;
}
}
}
return res;
}
static void power_iteration(
const struct pca_params & params,
struct ggml_tensor * input, // shape of input: [n_samples, n_embd]
struct ggml_tensor * output) {
//printf("in power iteration\n");
struct pca_model model(input);
ggml_gallocr_t allocr = ggml_gallocr_new(ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(model.backend));
struct pca_result result;
struct ggml_tensor * last_eigenvector = NULL;
int n_iters = params.n_iterations / params.n_batch; // more batch, fewer iterations
for (int iter = 0; iter < n_iters; ++iter) {
bool calc_square = (iter == 0); // only need to calculate square for first iteration
struct ggml_cgraph * gf = build_graph_piter(params, model, calc_square);
// ggml_graph_dump_dot(gf, nullptr, "/tmp/_cgraph.dot");
compute_piter(params, model, gf, allocr, result);
for (size_t k = 0; k < result.distances.size(); ++k) {
last_eigenvector = result.eigenvectors[k];
if (result.distances[k] < params.tolerance) {
break; // done
}
}
if (calc_square) {
// copy and store the square matrix if needed
GGML_ASSERT(result.calculated_square != NULL);
ggml_backend_tensor_copy(result.calculated_square, model.dev_square);
}
{
// copy last eigen vector and store as input for next iteration
GGML_ASSERT(last_eigenvector != NULL);
ggml_backend_tensor_copy(last_eigenvector, model.dev_eigenvector);
}
printf("%s: layer %d/%d, iteration: %d / total: %d (batch = %d) ...\n",
__func__, params.i_layer+1, params.n_layers, iter+1, n_iters, params.n_batch);
}
// get output tensor
GGML_ASSERT(last_eigenvector);
ggml_backend_tensor_get(last_eigenvector, output->data, 0, ggml_nbytes(last_eigenvector));
//print_debug_tensor(output);
ggml_gallocr_free(allocr);
// TODO @ngxson : The output vector is randomly inverted
// Solution: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/8069#issuecomment-2185328171
}
static void run_pca(
struct pca_params & params,
const std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> & v_input, // shape of v_input[0]: [n_samples, n_embd]
const std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> & v_output) {
printf("%s: Running PCA...\n", __func__);
for (size_t il = 0; il < v_input.size(); ++il) {
// prepare output vector
struct ggml_tensor * ctrl_out = v_output[il];
ggml_format_name(ctrl_out, "direction.%zu", il+1);
// run power_iteration
params.i_layer = il;
params.n_layers = v_input.size();
power_iteration(params, v_input[il], ctrl_out);
printf("%s: Done layer %d / %d\n", __func__, (int) il+1, (int) v_input.size());
}
}
}
+4
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@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nAct like a person who is extremely happy<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nWho are you?<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nI'm the happiest person in this world
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nAct like a person who is extremely happy<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nHello<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nHello, I'm having the best day ever!
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nYou are in a very good mood<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nHi<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nHi, I'm very excited to meet you
<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nYou are the happiest person<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nWhat are you feeling?<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\nEverything is just perfect right now!
+8
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@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
set(TARGET llama-export-lora)
add_executable(${TARGET} export-lora.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
+31
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@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
# export-lora
Apply LORA adapters to base model and export the resulting model.
```
usage: llama-export-lora [options]
options:
-m, --model FNAME model path from which to load base model
--lora FNAME path to LoRA adapter (use comma-separated values to load multiple adapters)
--lora-scaled FNAME:SCALE,... path to LoRA adapter with user defined scaling (format: FNAME:SCALE,...)
-o, --output, --output-file FNAME output file (default: 'ggml-lora-merged-f16.gguf')
```
For example:
```bash
./bin/llama-export-lora \
-m open-llama-3b-v2.gguf \
-o open-llama-3b-v2-english2tokipona-chat.gguf \
--lora lora-open-llama-3b-v2-english2tokipona-chat-LATEST.gguf
```
Multiple LORA adapters can be applied by passing comma-separated values to `--lora FNAME` or `--lora-scaled FNAME:SCALE,...`:
```bash
./bin/llama-export-lora \
-m your_base_model.gguf \
-o your_merged_model.gguf \
--lora-scaled lora_task_A.gguf:0.5,lora_task_B.gguf:0.5
```
+439
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@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
#include "ggml.h"
#include "ggml-alloc.h"
#include "gguf.h"
#include "arg.h"
#include "common.h"
#include <clocale>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
static bool g_verbose = false;
struct tensor_transformation {
struct ggml_tensor * in;
struct ggml_tensor * out;
bool is_copy;
};
static std::string get_kv_str(struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf, const std::string & key){
int id = gguf_find_key(ctx_gguf, key.c_str());
return id < 0 ? "" : std::string(gguf_get_val_str(ctx_gguf, id));
}
static float get_kv_f32(struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf, const std::string & key) {
int id = gguf_find_key(ctx_gguf, key.c_str());
return id < 0 ? 0.0f : gguf_get_val_f32(ctx_gguf, id);
}
static void zeros(std::ofstream & file, size_t n) {
char zero = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
file.write(&zero, 1);
}
}
static std::string ggml_ne_string(const ggml_tensor * t) {
std::string str;
for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_DIMS; ++i) {
str += std::to_string(t->ne[i]);
if (i + 1 < GGML_MAX_DIMS) {
str += ", ";
}
}
return str;
}
static struct gguf_context * load_gguf(std::string & fname, struct ggml_context ** ctx_ggml) {
struct gguf_init_params params = {
/*.no_alloc = */ true,
/*.ctx = */ ctx_ggml,
};
struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf = gguf_init_from_file(fname.c_str(), params);
if (!ctx_gguf) {
throw std::runtime_error("failed to load input GGUF from " + fname);
}
return ctx_gguf;
}
struct file_input {
struct ggml_context * ctx_meta = nullptr;
struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf = nullptr;
std::ifstream f_in;
std::map<std::string, ggml_tensor *> tensors;
float alpha;
float scale;
file_input(std::string & fname, float scale): f_in(fname, std::ios::binary), scale(scale) {
if (!f_in.is_open()) {
throw std::runtime_error("failed to open input gguf from " + fname);
}
ctx_gguf = load_gguf(fname, &ctx_meta);
alpha = get_kv_f32(ctx_gguf, "adapter.lora.alpha");
printf("%s: loaded gguf from %s\n", __func__, fname.c_str());
for (ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_get_first_tensor(ctx_meta); cur; cur = ggml_get_next_tensor(ctx_meta, cur)) {
std::string name(cur->name);
tensors[name] = cur;
if (g_verbose) {
printf("%s: %s\n", __func__, cur->name);
}
}
}
ggml_tensor * get_tensor(std::string name) {
if (tensors.find(name) == tensors.end()) {
return nullptr;
}
return tensors[name];
}
void read_tensor_data(std::string name, std::vector<uint8_t> & buf) {
if (tensors.find(name) == tensors.end()) {
throw std::runtime_error("cannot find tensor with name: " + name);
}
auto len = ggml_nbytes(tensors[name]);
if (buf.size() < len) {
buf.resize(len);
}
auto i_tensor_in = gguf_find_tensor(ctx_gguf, name.c_str()); // idx of tensor in the input file
auto offset = gguf_get_data_offset(ctx_gguf) + gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx_gguf, i_tensor_in);
f_in.seekg(offset);
f_in.read((char* )buf.data(), len);
}
~file_input() {
gguf_free(ctx_gguf);
ggml_free(ctx_meta);
}
};
struct lora_merge_ctx {
// input base model + adapters
file_input base_model;
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<file_input>> adapters;
// for computing merged tensor
int n_threads;
ggml_backend_t backend = nullptr;
ggml_gallocr_t allocr = nullptr;
std::vector<uint8_t> read_buf;
// output file
struct gguf_context * ctx_out;
struct ggml_context * ctx_out_ggml;
std::ofstream fout;
lora_merge_ctx(
std::string & base_fname,
std::vector<common_adapter_lora_info> & lora_files,
std::string & outfile,
int n_threads) : base_model(base_fname, 0), n_threads(n_threads), fout(outfile, std::ios::binary) {
fout.exceptions(std::ofstream::failbit); // fail fast on write errors
if (gguf_find_key(base_model.ctx_gguf, LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT) >= 0) {
throw std::runtime_error("split model is not yet supported");
}
for (auto & lora_inp : lora_files) {
auto fname = lora_inp.path;
auto scale = lora_inp.scale;
std::unique_ptr<file_input> adapter(new file_input(fname, scale));
check_metadata_lora(adapter.get());
adapters.push_back(std::move(adapter));
}
ctx_out = gguf_init_empty();
struct ggml_init_params params = {
/*.mem_size =*/ static_cast<size_t>(gguf_get_n_tensors(base_model.ctx_gguf)*ggml_tensor_overhead()),
/*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
/*.no_alloc =*/ true,
};
ctx_out_ggml = ggml_init(params);
backend = ggml_backend_cpu_init();
allocr = ggml_gallocr_new(ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(backend));
}
void check_metadata_lora(file_input * adapter) {
auto general_type = get_kv_str(adapter->ctx_gguf, "general.type");
if (general_type != "adapter") {
throw std::runtime_error("expect general.type to be 'adapter', but got: " + general_type);
}
auto adapter_type = get_kv_str(adapter->ctx_gguf, "adapter.type");
if (adapter_type != "lora") {
throw std::runtime_error("expect adapter.type to be 'lora', but got: " + adapter_type);
}
auto general_arch_base = get_kv_str(base_model.ctx_gguf, "general.architecture");
auto general_arch_lora = get_kv_str(adapter->ctx_gguf, "general.architecture");
if (general_arch_base != general_arch_lora) {
throw std::runtime_error("model arch and LoRA arch mismatch");
}
}
ggml_type get_out_tensor_type(struct ggml_tensor * t) {
if (t->type == GGML_TYPE_F32) {
return GGML_TYPE_F32;
} else {
return GGML_TYPE_F16;
}
}
void run_merge() {
// prepare metadata
gguf_set_kv(ctx_out, base_model.ctx_gguf);
// output is forced to f16 for now
gguf_set_val_u32(ctx_out, "general.file_type", LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_F16);
// check if all lora adapters have the same tensors
// TODO: remove this when we can support merging subset of adapters. Ref: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/8607#discussion_r1686027777
static const char * err_no_subset_adapter = "Input adapters do not have the same list of tensors. This is not yet supported. Please merge the adapter one-by-one instead of merging all at once.";
if (adapters.size() > 1) {
for (size_t i = 1; i < adapters.size(); ++i) {
if (adapters[0]->tensors.size() != adapters[i]->tensors.size()) {
throw std::runtime_error(err_no_subset_adapter);
}
for (auto & it : adapters[i]->tensors) {
if (adapters[0]->get_tensor(it.first) == nullptr) {
throw std::runtime_error(err_no_subset_adapter);
}
}
}
}
// mapping base tensor to out tensor (same shape with base, but different type)
std::vector<tensor_transformation> trans;
for (auto & it : base_model.tensors) {
bool t_a = true;
bool t_b = true;
for (auto & adapter : adapters) {
t_a &= nullptr != adapter->get_tensor(it.first + ".lora_a");
t_b &= nullptr != adapter->get_tensor(it.first + ".lora_b");
}
auto base_tensor = it.second;
if (!t_a && !t_b) {
// only copy
struct ggml_tensor * cpy_tensor = ggml_dup_tensor(ctx_out_ggml, base_tensor);
ggml_set_name(cpy_tensor, base_tensor->name);
trans.push_back({
cpy_tensor,
cpy_tensor,
true,
});
gguf_add_tensor(ctx_out, cpy_tensor);
} else if (t_a && t_b) {
// need merging
struct ggml_tensor * out_tensor = ggml_new_tensor(
ctx_out_ggml, get_out_tensor_type(base_tensor), GGML_MAX_DIMS, base_tensor->ne);
ggml_set_name(out_tensor, base_tensor->name);
trans.push_back({
base_tensor,
out_tensor,
false,
});
gguf_add_tensor(ctx_out, out_tensor);
} else {
throw std::runtime_error("tensor " + it.first + " missing either lora_a or lora_b");
}
}
// placeholder for the meta data
{
size_t meta_size = gguf_get_meta_size(ctx_out);
zeros(fout, meta_size);
}
// process base model tensors
size_t n_merged = 0;
for (auto & it : trans) {
if (!it.is_copy) {
merge_tensor(it.in, it.out);
n_merged++;
} else {
copy_tensor(it.in);
}
}
// write output metadata
{
std::vector<uint8_t> data(gguf_get_meta_size(ctx_out));
gguf_get_meta_data(ctx_out, data.data());
fout.seekp(0);
fout.write((const char *)data.data(), data.size());
}
printf("%s : merged %zu tensors with lora adapters\n", __func__, n_merged);
printf("%s : wrote %zu tensors to output file\n", __func__, trans.size());
}
void copy_tensor(struct ggml_tensor * base) {
printf("%s : %s [%s]\n", __func__, base->name, ggml_ne_string(base).c_str());
size_t len = ggml_nbytes(base);
base_model.read_tensor_data(base->name, read_buf);
fout.write((char* )read_buf.data(), len);
zeros(fout, GGML_PAD(len, GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT) - len);
}
void merge_tensor(struct ggml_tensor * base, struct ggml_tensor * out) {
std::string name_base(base->name);
std::string name_lora_a = name_base + ".lora_a";
std::string name_lora_b = name_base + ".lora_b";
printf("%s : %s [%s]\n", __func__, base->name, ggml_ne_string(base).c_str());
// context for input tensor
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> inp_a(adapters.size());
std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> inp_b(adapters.size());
struct ggml_init_params params {
/*.mem_size =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead()*(2+adapters.size()*2),
/*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
/*.no_alloc =*/ true,
};
struct ggml_context * ctx = ggml_init(params);
// alloc tensors
struct ggml_tensor * inp_base = ggml_new_tensor(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, GGML_MAX_DIMS, base->ne);
for (size_t i = 0; i < adapters.size(); ++i) {
auto t_a = adapters[i]->get_tensor(name_lora_a);
auto t_b = adapters[i]->get_tensor(name_lora_b);
// TODO: add support for quantized lora
if (ggml_is_quantized(t_a->type) || ggml_is_quantized(t_b->type)) {
throw std::runtime_error("quantized LoRA adapters is not supported, please retry with f16 or f32");
}
inp_a[i] = ggml_dup_tensor(ctx, t_a);
inp_b[i] = ggml_dup_tensor(ctx, t_b);
}
ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer = ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors(ctx, backend);
// load base tensor to backend buffer
base_model.read_tensor_data(name_base, read_buf);
if (base->type != GGML_TYPE_F32) {
// optionally dequantize it
printf("%s : + dequantize base tensor from %s to F32\n", __func__, ggml_type_name(base->type));
auto nels = ggml_nelements(inp_base);
const auto * qtype = ggml_get_type_traits(base->type);
std::vector<uint8_t> dequant_buf(nels * sizeof(float));
qtype->to_float(read_buf.data(), (float *)dequant_buf.data(), nels);
ggml_backend_tensor_set(inp_base, dequant_buf.data(), 0, dequant_buf.size());
} else {
ggml_backend_tensor_set(inp_base, read_buf.data(), 0, ggml_nbytes(inp_base));
}
// load lora tensors to backend buffer
for (size_t i = 0; i < adapters.size(); ++i) {
adapters[i]->read_tensor_data(name_lora_a, read_buf);
ggml_backend_tensor_set(inp_a[i], read_buf.data(), 0, ggml_nbytes(inp_a[i]));
adapters[i]->read_tensor_data(name_lora_b, read_buf);
ggml_backend_tensor_set(inp_b[i], read_buf.data(), 0, ggml_nbytes(inp_b[i]));
}
// build graph
struct ggml_cgraph * gf;
{
static size_t buf_size = ggml_tensor_overhead()*GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE + ggml_graph_overhead();
static std::vector<uint8_t> buf(buf_size);
struct ggml_init_params params0 = {
/*.mem_size =*/ buf_size,
/*.mem_buffer =*/ buf.data(),
/*.no_alloc =*/ true,
};
struct ggml_context * ctx0 = ggml_init(params0);
gf = ggml_new_graph(ctx0);
struct ggml_tensor * cur = inp_base;
for (size_t i = 0; i < adapters.size(); ++i) {
struct ggml_tensor * delta;
bool is_tok_embd = string_starts_with(name_base, "token_embd");
if (is_tok_embd) {
printf("%s : detected token embeddings tensor\n", __func__);
delta = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0,
ggml_cast(ctx0, inp_b[i], GGML_TYPE_F32),
ggml_cast(ctx0, inp_a[i], GGML_TYPE_F32));
} else {
delta = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0,
ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, ggml_cast(ctx0, inp_a[i], GGML_TYPE_F32))),
ggml_cast(ctx0, inp_b[i], GGML_TYPE_F32));
}
// scale
const float alpha = adapters[i]->alpha;
const float rank = (float) inp_b[i]->ne[0];
const float scale = alpha ? adapters[i]->scale * alpha / rank : adapters[i]->scale;
delta = ggml_scale(ctx0, delta, scale);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, delta, cur);
printf("%s : + merging from adapter[%zu] type=%s\n", __func__, i, ggml_type_name(inp_a[i]->type));
printf("%s : input_scale=%f calculated_scale=%f rank=%d\n", __func__, adapters[i]->scale, scale, (int) inp_b[i]->ne[0]);
}
cur = ggml_cast(ctx0, cur, out->type);
printf("%s : + output type is %s\n", __func__, ggml_type_name(out->type));
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
ggml_free(ctx0);
}
// compute
{
ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(allocr, gf);
ggml_backend_cpu_set_n_threads(backend, n_threads);
ggml_backend_graph_compute(backend, gf);
}
// write data to output file
{
auto * result = ggml_graph_node(gf, -1);
size_t len = ggml_nbytes(result);
if (read_buf.size() < len) {
read_buf.resize(len);
}
ggml_backend_tensor_get(result, read_buf.data(), 0, len);
fout.write((char* )read_buf.data(), len);
zeros(fout, GGML_PAD(len, GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT) - len);
}
ggml_free(ctx);
ggml_backend_buffer_free(buffer);
}
~lora_merge_ctx() {
ggml_gallocr_free(allocr);
ggml_backend_free(backend);
gguf_free(ctx_out);
ggml_free(ctx_out_ggml);
}
};
static void print_usage(int, char ** argv) {
printf("\nexample usage:\n");
printf("\n %s -m base-model.gguf --lora lora-file.gguf -o merged-model-f16.gguf\n", argv[0]);
printf("\nNOTE: output model is F16\n");
printf("\n");
}
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
common_params params;
params.out_file = "ggml-lora-merged-f16.gguf";
common_init();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_EXPORT_LORA, print_usage)) {
return 1;
}
g_verbose = (params.verbosity > 1);
try {
lora_merge_ctx ctx(params.model.path, params.lora_adapters, params.out_file, params.cpuparams.n_threads);
ctx.run_merge();
} catch (const std::exception & err) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", err.what());
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("done, output file is %s\n", params.out_file.c_str());
return 0;
}
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# llama-fit-params-impl: fit-params logic, reusable by app
set(TARGET llama-fit-params-impl)
add_library(${TARGET} fit-params.cpp)
set_target_properties(${TARGET} PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PUBLIC llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} LIBRARY)
endif()
# llama-fit-params executable
set(TARGET llama-fit-params)
add_executable(${TARGET} main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-fit-params-impl)
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
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# fit-params
llama.cpp binaries can automatically fit the projected memory use of a model to the free device memory available at runtime,
this is controlled using the CLI arguments starting with `-fit`/`--fit`.
Internally the code is calling `llama_params_fit` to adjust the `llama_model_params` and `llama_context_params` structs.
`llama-fit-params` is a simple utility that prints the CLI arguments corresponding to these adjustments to stdout.
Example usage:
``` bash
# First, run llama-fit-params and store the results in a file:
> ./build/bin/llama-fit-params --model /opt/models/qwen_3-30b3a-f16.gguf | tee args.txt
ggml_cuda_init: GGML_CUDA_FORCE_MMQ: no
ggml_cuda_init: GGML_CUDA_FORCE_CUBLAS: no
ggml_cuda_init: found 1 CUDA devices:
Device 0: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090, compute capability 8.9, VMM: yes
build: 6895 (4341dc8bc) with cc (GCC) 15.2.1 20250813 for x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
llama_params_fit_impl: projected to use 61807 MiB of device memory vs. 24077 MiB of free device memory
llama_params_fit_impl: cannot fulfill margin of 1024 MiB, need to reduce device memory by 42444 MiB
llama_params_fit_impl: context size reduced from 40960 to 4096 -> need 3456 MiB less memory in total
llama_params_fit_impl: with only dense weights in device memory there is a total surplus of 16164 MiB
llama_params_fit_impl: distributing layers across devices with overflow to next device/system memory:
llama_params_fit_impl: - CUDA0 (NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090): 48 layers (34 overflowing), 19187 MiB used, 1199 MiB free
llama_params_fit: successfully fit params to free device memory
llama_params_fit: fitting params to free memory took 1.15 seconds
Printing fitted CLI arguments to stdout...
-c 4096 -ngl 48 -ot blk\.14\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.15\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.16\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.17\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.18\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.19\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.20\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.21\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.22\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.23\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.24\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.25\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.26\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.27\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.28\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.29\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.30\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.31\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.32\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.33\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.34\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.35\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.36\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.37\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.38\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.39\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.40\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.41\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.42\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.43\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.44\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.45\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.46\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU,blk\.47\.ffn_(up|down|gate)_(ch|)exps=CPU
# Next, use those results for a llama.cpp binary:
> cat args.txt | xargs ./build/bin/llama-server --model /opt/models/qwen_3-30b3a-f16.gguf
ggml_cuda_init: GGML_CUDA_FORCE_MMQ: no
ggml_cuda_init: GGML_CUDA_FORCE_CUBLAS: no
ggml_cuda_init: found 1 CUDA devices:
Device 0: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090, compute capability 8.9, VMM: yes
build: 6895 (4341dc8bc) with cc (GCC) 15.2.1 20250813 for x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
system info: n_threads = 16, n_threads_batch = 16, total_threads = 32
system_info: n_threads = 16 (n_threads_batch = 16) / 32 | CUDA : ARCHS = 890 | USE_GRAPHS = 1 | PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE = 128 | CPU : SSE3 = 1 | SSSE3 = 1 | AVX = 1 | AVX_VNNI = 1 | AVX2 = 1 | F16C = 1 | FMA = 1 | BMI2 = 1 | AVX512 = 1 | AVX512_VBMI = 1 | AVX512_VNNI = 1 | AVX512_BF16 = 1 | LLAMAFILE = 1 | OPENMP = 1 | REPACK = 1 |
main: binding port with default address family
main: HTTP server is listening, hostname: 127.0.0.1, port: 8080, http threads: 31
main: loading model
srv load_model: loading model '/opt/models/qwen_3-30b3a-f16.gguf'
llama_params_fit_impl: projected to use 19187 MiB of device memory vs. 24077 MiB of free device memory
llama_params_fit_impl: will leave 1199 >= 1024 MiB of free device memory, no changes needed
llama_params_fit: successfully fit params to free device memory
llama_params_fit: fitting params to free memory took 0.28 seconds
[...]
main: server is listening on http://127.0.0.1:8080 - starting the main loop
srv update_slots: all slots are idle
^Csrv operator(): operator(): cleaning up before exit...
llama_memory_breakdown_print: | memory breakdown [MiB] | total free self model context compute unaccounted |
llama_memory_breakdown_print: | - CUDA0 (RTX 4090) | 24077 = 945 + (19187 = 17904 + 384 + 898) + 3945 |
llama_memory_breakdown_print: | - Host | 58271 = 58259 + 0 + 12 |
```
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#include "llama.h"
#include "../src/llama-ext.h"
#include "arg.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "fit.h"
#include "log.h"
#include <cinttypes>
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(disable: 4244 4267) // possible loss of data
#endif
// satisfies -Wmissing-declarations
int llama_fit_params(int argc, char ** argv);
int llama_fit_params(int argc, char ** argv) {
common_params params;
common_init();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_FIT_PARAMS)) {
return 1;
}
llama_backend_init();
llama_numa_init(params.numa);
auto mparams = common_model_params_to_llama(params);
auto cparams = common_context_params_to_llama(params);
if (!params.fit_params_print) {
const common_params_fit_status status = common_fit_params(params.model.path.c_str(), &mparams, &cparams,
params.tensor_split, params.tensor_buft_overrides.data(), params.fit_params_target.data(), params.fit_params_min_ctx,
params.verbosity >= LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG ? GGML_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG : GGML_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR);
if (status != COMMON_PARAMS_FIT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
LOG_ERR("%s: failed to fit CLI arguments to free memory, exiting...\n", __func__);
exit(1);
}
LOG_INF("%s: printing fitted CLI arguments to stdout...\n", __func__);
common_log_flush(common_log_main());
printf("-c %" PRIu32 " -ngl %" PRIi32, cparams.n_ctx, mparams.n_gpu_layers);
size_t nd = llama_max_devices();
while (nd > 1 && mparams.tensor_split[nd - 1] == 0.0f) {
nd--;
}
if (nd > 1) {
for (size_t id = 0; id < nd; id++) {
if (id == 0) {
printf(" -ts ");
}
printf("%s%" PRIu32, id > 0 ? "," : "", uint32_t(mparams.tensor_split[id]));
}
}
const size_t ntbo = llama_max_tensor_buft_overrides();
bool any_tbo = false;
for (size_t itbo = 0; itbo < ntbo && mparams.tensor_buft_overrides[itbo].pattern != nullptr; itbo++) {
if (itbo == 0) {
printf(" -ot \"");
}
printf("%s%s=%s", itbo > 0 ? "," : "", mparams.tensor_buft_overrides[itbo].pattern, ggml_backend_buft_name(mparams.tensor_buft_overrides[itbo].buft));
any_tbo = true;
}
printf("%s\n", any_tbo ? "\"" : "");
} else {
LOG_INF("%s: printing estimated memory in MiB to stdout (device, model, context, compute) ...\n", __func__);
common_log_flush(common_log_main());
common_fit_print(params.model.path.c_str(), &mparams, &cparams);
}
return 0;
}
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int llama_fit_params(int argc, char ** argv);
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
return llama_fit_params(argc, argv);
}
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set(TARGET llama-gguf-split)
add_executable(${TARGET} gguf-split.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
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## GGUF split Example
CLI to split / merge GGUF files.
**Command line options:**
- `--split`: split GGUF to multiple GGUF, default operation.
- `--split-max-size`: max size per split in `M` or `G`, f.ex. `500M` or `2G`.
- `--split-max-tensors`: maximum tensors in each split: default(128)
- `--merge`: merge multiple GGUF to a single GGUF. You only need to specify the name of the first GGUF to merge, the name of the merged GGUF, and the CLI will find the other GGUFs it needs within the same folder.
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#include "llama.h"
#include "build-info.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "ggml.h"
#include "gguf.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <climits>
#include <clocale>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#if defined(_WIN32)
#include <windows.h>
#ifndef PATH_MAX
#define PATH_MAX MAX_PATH
#endif
#include <io.h>
#endif
enum split_operation : uint8_t {
OP_NONE,
OP_SPLIT,
OP_MERGE,
};
enum split_mode : uint8_t {
MODE_NONE,
MODE_TENSOR,
MODE_SIZE,
};
struct split_params {
split_operation operation = OP_NONE;
split_mode mode = MODE_NONE;
size_t n_bytes_split = 0;
int n_split_tensors = 128;
std::string input;
std::string output;
bool no_tensor_first_split = false;
bool dry_run = false;
};
static void split_print_usage(const char * executable) {
const split_params default_params;
printf("\n");
printf("usage: %s [options] GGUF_IN GGUF_OUT\n", executable);
printf("\n");
printf("Apply a GGUF operation on IN to OUT.");
printf("\n");
printf("options:\n");
printf(" -h, --help show this help message and exit\n");
printf(" --version show version and build info\n");
printf(" --split split GGUF to multiple GGUF (enabled by default)\n");
printf(" --merge merge multiple GGUF to a single GGUF\n");
printf(" --split-max-tensors max tensors in each split (default: %d)\n", default_params.n_split_tensors);
printf(" --split-max-size N(M|G) max size per split\n");
printf(" --no-tensor-first-split do not add tensors to the first split (disabled by default)\n");
printf(" --dry-run only print out a split plan and exit, without writing any new files\n");
printf("\n");
}
// return convert string, for example "128M" or "4G" to number of bytes
static size_t split_str_to_n_bytes(std::string str) {
size_t n_bytes = 0;
int n;
if (str.back() == 'M') {
sscanf(str.c_str(), "%d", &n);
n_bytes = (size_t)n * 1000 * 1000; // megabytes
} else if (str.back() == 'G') {
sscanf(str.c_str(), "%d", &n);
n_bytes = (size_t)n * 1000 * 1000 * 1000; // gigabytes
} else {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: supported units are M (megabytes) or G (gigabytes), but got: " + std::string(1, str.back()));
}
if (n <= 0) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: size must be a positive value");
}
return n_bytes;
}
static void split_params_parse_ex(int argc, const char ** argv, split_params & params) {
std::string arg;
const std::string arg_prefix = "--";
bool invalid_param = false;
int arg_idx = 1;
for (; arg_idx < argc && strncmp(argv[arg_idx], "--", 2) == 0; arg_idx++) {
arg = argv[arg_idx];
if (arg.compare(0, arg_prefix.size(), arg_prefix) == 0) {
std::replace(arg.begin(), arg.end(), '_', '-');
}
bool arg_found = false;
if (arg == "-h" || arg == "--help") {
split_print_usage(argv[0]);
exit(0);
} else if (arg == "--version") {
fprintf(stderr, "version: %d (%s)\n", llama_build_number(), llama_commit());
fprintf(stderr, "built with %s for %s\n", llama_compiler(), llama_build_target());
exit(0);
} else if (arg == "--dry-run") {
arg_found = true;
params.dry_run = true;
} else if (arg == "--no-tensor-first-split") {
arg_found = true;
params.no_tensor_first_split = true;
} else if (arg == "--merge") {
arg_found = true;
if (params.operation != OP_NONE && params.operation != OP_MERGE) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: either --split or --merge can be specified, but not both");
}
params.operation = OP_MERGE;
} else if (arg == "--split") {
arg_found = true;
if (params.operation != OP_NONE && params.operation != OP_SPLIT) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: either --split or --merge can be specified, but not both");
}
params.operation = OP_SPLIT;
} else if (arg == "--split-max-tensors") {
if (++arg_idx >= argc) {
invalid_param = true;
break;
}
arg_found = true;
if (params.mode != MODE_NONE && params.mode != MODE_TENSOR) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: either --split-max-tensors or --split-max-size can be specified, but not both");
}
params.mode = MODE_TENSOR;
params.n_split_tensors = atoi(argv[arg_idx]);
} else if (arg == "--split-max-size") {
if (++arg_idx >= argc) {
invalid_param = true;
break;
}
arg_found = true;
if (params.mode != MODE_NONE && params.mode != MODE_SIZE) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: either --split-max-tensors or --split-max-size can be specified, but not both");
}
params.mode = MODE_SIZE;
params.n_bytes_split = split_str_to_n_bytes(argv[arg_idx]);
}
if (!arg_found) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: unknown argument: " + arg);
}
}
// the operation is split if not specified
if (params.operation == OP_NONE) {
params.operation = OP_SPLIT;
}
// the split mode is by tensor if not specified
if (params.mode == MODE_NONE) {
params.mode = MODE_TENSOR;
}
if (invalid_param) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: invalid parameter for argument: " + arg);
}
if (argc - arg_idx != 2) {
throw std::invalid_argument("error: bad arguments");
}
params.input = argv[arg_idx++];
params.output = argv[arg_idx++];
}
static bool split_params_parse(int argc, const char ** argv, split_params & params) {
bool result = true;
try {
split_params_parse_ex(argc, argv, params);
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument & ex) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", ex.what());
split_print_usage(argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
return result;
}
static void zeros(std::ofstream & file, size_t n) {
char zero = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
file.write(&zero, 1);
}
}
struct split_strategy {
const split_params params;
std::ifstream & f_input;
struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf;
struct ggml_context * ctx_meta = NULL;
const int n_tensors;
// one ctx_out per one output file
std::vector<struct gguf_context *> ctx_outs;
// temporary buffer for reading in tensor data
std::vector<uint8_t> read_buf;
split_strategy(const split_params & params,
std::ifstream & f_input,
struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf,
struct ggml_context * ctx_meta) :
params(params),
f_input(f_input),
ctx_gguf(ctx_gguf),
ctx_meta(ctx_meta),
n_tensors(gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_gguf)) {
// because we need to know list of tensors for each file in advance, we will build all the ctx_out for all output splits
int i_split = -1;
struct gguf_context * ctx_out = NULL;
auto new_ctx_out = [&](bool allow_no_tensors) {
i_split++;
if (ctx_out != NULL) {
if (gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_out) == 0 && !allow_no_tensors) {
fprintf(stderr, "error: one of splits have 0 tensors. Maybe size or tensors limit is too small\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
ctx_outs.push_back(ctx_out);
}
ctx_out = gguf_init_empty();
// Save all metadata in first split only
if (i_split == 0) {
gguf_set_kv(ctx_out, ctx_gguf);
}
gguf_set_val_u16(ctx_out, LLM_KV_SPLIT_NO, i_split);
gguf_set_val_u16(ctx_out, LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT, 0); // placeholder
gguf_set_val_i32(ctx_out, LLM_KV_SPLIT_TENSORS_COUNT, n_tensors);
};
// initialize ctx_out for the first split
new_ctx_out(false);
// skip first split if no_tensor_first_split is set
if (params.no_tensor_first_split) {
new_ctx_out(true);
}
// process tensors one by one
size_t curr_tensors_size = 0; // current size by counting only tensors size (without metadata)
for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_meta, gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx_gguf, i));
// calculate the "imaginary" size = the current size + next tensor size
size_t n_bytes = GGML_PAD(ggml_nbytes(t), GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT);
size_t next_tensors_size = curr_tensors_size + n_bytes;
if (should_split(i, next_tensors_size)) {
new_ctx_out(false);
curr_tensors_size = n_bytes;
} else {
curr_tensors_size = next_tensors_size;
}
gguf_add_tensor(ctx_out, t);
}
// push the last ctx_out
ctx_outs.push_back(ctx_out);
// set the correct n_split for all ctx_out
for (auto & ctx : ctx_outs) {
gguf_set_val_u16(ctx, LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT, ctx_outs.size());
}
}
~split_strategy() {
for (auto & ctx_out : ctx_outs) {
gguf_free(ctx_out);
}
}
bool should_split(int i_tensor, size_t next_size) {
if (params.mode == MODE_SIZE) {
// split by max size per file
return next_size > params.n_bytes_split;
} else if (params.mode == MODE_TENSOR) {
// split by number of tensors per file
return i_tensor > 0 && i_tensor < n_tensors && i_tensor % params.n_split_tensors == 0;
}
// should never happen
GGML_ABORT("invalid mode");
}
void print_info() {
printf("n_split: %zu\n", ctx_outs.size());
int i_split = 0;
for (auto & ctx_out : ctx_outs) {
// re-calculate the real gguf size for each split (= metadata size + total size of all tensors)
size_t total_size = gguf_get_meta_size(ctx_out);
for (int i = 0; i < gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_out); ++i) {
struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_meta, gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx_out, i));
total_size += ggml_nbytes(t);
}
total_size = total_size / 1000 / 1000; // convert to megabytes
printf("split %05d: n_tensors = %" PRIi64 ", total_size = %zuM\n", i_split + 1, gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_out), total_size);
i_split++;
}
}
void write() {
int i_split = 0;
int n_split = ctx_outs.size();
for (auto & ctx_out : ctx_outs) {
// construct file path
char split_path[PATH_MAX] = {0};
llama_split_path(split_path, sizeof(split_path), params.output.c_str(), i_split, n_split);
// open the output file
printf("Writing file %s ... ", split_path);
fflush(stdout);
std::ofstream fout = std::ofstream(split_path, std::ios::binary);
fout.exceptions(std::ofstream::failbit); // fail fast on write errors
// write metadata
std::vector<uint8_t> data(gguf_get_meta_size(ctx_out));
gguf_get_meta_data(ctx_out, data.data());
fout.write((const char *)data.data(), data.size());
// write tensors
for (int i = 0; i < gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_out); ++i) {
// read tensor meta and prepare buffer
const char * t_name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx_out, i);
struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_meta, t_name);
auto n_bytes = ggml_nbytes(t);
read_buf.resize(n_bytes);
// calculate offset
auto i_tensor_in = gguf_find_tensor(ctx_gguf, t_name); // idx of tensor in the input file
auto offset = gguf_get_data_offset(ctx_gguf) + gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx_gguf, i_tensor_in);
// copy tensor from input to output file
copy_file_to_file(f_input, fout, offset, n_bytes);
zeros(fout, GGML_PAD(n_bytes, GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT) - n_bytes);
}
printf("done\n");
// close the file
fout.close();
i_split++;
}
}
void copy_file_to_file(std::ifstream & f_in, std::ofstream & f_out, const size_t in_offset, const size_t len) {
// TODO: detect OS and use copy_file_range() here for better performance
if (read_buf.size() < len) {
read_buf.resize(len);
}
f_in.seekg(in_offset);
f_in.read((char *)read_buf.data(), len);
f_out.write((const char *)read_buf.data(), len);
}
};
static void gguf_split(const split_params & split_params) {
struct ggml_context * ctx_meta = NULL;
struct gguf_init_params params = {
/*.no_alloc = */ true,
/*.ctx = */ &ctx_meta,
};
std::ifstream f_input(split_params.input.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
if (!f_input.is_open()) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to open input GGUF from %s\n", __func__, split_params.input.c_str());
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
auto * ctx_gguf = gguf_init_from_file(split_params.input.c_str(), params);
if (!ctx_gguf) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to load input GGUF from %s\n", __func__, split_params.input.c_str());
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// prepare the strategy
split_strategy strategy(split_params, f_input, ctx_gguf, ctx_meta);
int n_split = strategy.ctx_outs.size();
strategy.print_info();
if (!split_params.dry_run) {
// write all output splits
strategy.write();
}
// done, clean up
gguf_free(ctx_gguf);
f_input.close();
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d gguf split written with a total of %d tensors.\n",
__func__, n_split, strategy.n_tensors);
}
static void gguf_merge(const split_params & split_params) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s -> %s\n",
__func__, split_params.input.c_str(),
split_params.output.c_str());
int n_split = 1;
int total_tensors = 0;
// avoid overwriting existing output file
if (std::ifstream(split_params.output.c_str())) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: output file %s already exists\n", __func__, split_params.output.c_str());
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
auto * ctx_out = gguf_init_empty();
std::vector<uint8_t> read_data;
std::vector<ggml_context *> ctx_metas;
std::vector<gguf_context *> ctx_ggufs;
char split_path[PATH_MAX] = {0};
strncpy(split_path, split_params.input.c_str(), sizeof(split_path) - 1);
char split_prefix[PATH_MAX] = {0};
// First pass to find KV and tensors metadata
for (int i_split = 0; i_split < n_split; i_split++) {
struct ggml_context * ctx_meta = NULL;
struct gguf_init_params params = {
/*.no_alloc = */ true,
/*.ctx = */ &ctx_meta,
};
if (i_split > 0) {
llama_split_path(split_path, sizeof(split_path), split_prefix, i_split, n_split);
}
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading metadata %s ...", __func__, split_path);
auto * ctx_gguf = gguf_init_from_file(split_path, params);
if (!ctx_gguf) {
fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: failed to load input GGUF from %s\n", __func__, split_params.input.c_str());
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
ctx_ggufs.push_back(ctx_gguf);
ctx_metas.push_back(ctx_meta);
if (i_split == 0) {
auto key_n_split = gguf_find_key(ctx_gguf, LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT);
if (key_n_split < 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\n%s: input file does not contain %s metadata\n",
__func__,
LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT);
gguf_free(ctx_gguf);
ggml_free(ctx_meta);
gguf_free(ctx_out);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
n_split = gguf_get_val_u16(ctx_gguf, key_n_split);
if (n_split < 1) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\n%s: input file does not contain a valid split count %d\n",
__func__,
n_split);
gguf_free(ctx_gguf);
ggml_free(ctx_meta);
gguf_free(ctx_out);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Verify the file naming and extract split_prefix
if (!llama_split_prefix(split_prefix, sizeof (split_prefix), split_path, i_split, n_split)) {
fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: unexpected input file name: %s"
" i_split=%d"
" n_split=%d\n", __func__,
split_path, i_split, n_split);
gguf_free(ctx_gguf);
ggml_free(ctx_meta);
gguf_free(ctx_out);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Do not trigger merge if we try to merge again the output
gguf_set_val_u16(ctx_gguf, LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT, 0);
// Set metadata from the first split
gguf_set_kv(ctx_out, ctx_gguf);
}
auto n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_gguf);
for (int i_tensor = 0; i_tensor < n_tensors; i_tensor++) {
const char * t_name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx_gguf, i_tensor);
struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_meta, t_name);
gguf_add_tensor(ctx_out, t);
}
total_tensors += n_tensors;
fprintf(stderr, "\033[3Ddone\n");
}
std::ofstream fout;
if (!split_params.dry_run) {
fout.open(split_params.output.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
fout.exceptions(std::ofstream::failbit); // fail fast on write errors
// placeholder for the meta data
auto meta_size = gguf_get_meta_size(ctx_out);
::zeros(fout, meta_size);
}
// Write tensors data
for (int i_split = 0; i_split < n_split; i_split++) {
llama_split_path(split_path, sizeof(split_path), split_prefix, i_split, n_split);
std::ifstream f_input(split_path, std::ios::binary);
if (!f_input.is_open()) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to open input GGUF from %s\n", __func__, split_path);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ctx_ggufs.size(); i++) {
gguf_free(ctx_ggufs[i]);
ggml_free(ctx_metas[i]);
}
gguf_free(ctx_out);
if (!split_params.dry_run) {
fout.close();
}
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
fprintf(stderr, "%s: writing tensors %s ...", __func__, split_path);
auto * ctx_gguf = ctx_ggufs[i_split];
auto * ctx_meta = ctx_metas[i_split];
auto n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_gguf);
for (int i_tensor = 0; i_tensor < n_tensors; i_tensor++) {
const char * t_name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx_gguf, i_tensor);
struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_meta, t_name);
auto n_bytes = ggml_nbytes(t);
if (read_data.size() < n_bytes) {
read_data.resize(n_bytes);
}
auto offset = gguf_get_data_offset(ctx_gguf) + gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx_gguf, i_tensor);
f_input.seekg(offset);
f_input.read((char *)read_data.data(), n_bytes);
if (!split_params.dry_run) {
// write tensor data + padding
fout.write((const char *)read_data.data(), n_bytes);
zeros(fout, GGML_PAD(n_bytes, GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT) - n_bytes);
}
}
gguf_free(ctx_gguf);
ggml_free(ctx_meta);
f_input.close();
fprintf(stderr, "\033[3Ddone\n");
}
if (!split_params.dry_run) {
// go back to beginning of file and write the updated metadata
fout.seekp(0);
std::vector<uint8_t> data(gguf_get_meta_size(ctx_out));
gguf_get_meta_data(ctx_out, data.data());
fout.write((const char *)data.data(), data.size());
fout.close();
}
gguf_free(ctx_out);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s merged from %d split with %d tensors.\n",
__func__, split_params.output.c_str(), n_split, total_tensors);
}
int main(int argc, const char ** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
split_params params;
split_params_parse(argc, argv, params);
switch (params.operation) {
case OP_SPLIT: gguf_split(params);
break;
case OP_MERGE: gguf_merge(params);
break;
default: split_print_usage(argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
return 0;
}
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -eu
if [ $# -lt 1 ]
then
echo "usage: $0 path_to_build_binary [path_to_temp_folder]"
echo "example: $0 ../../build/bin ../../tmp"
exit 1
fi
if [ $# -gt 1 ]
then
TMP_DIR=$2
else
TMP_DIR=/tmp
fi
set -x
SPLIT=$1/llama-gguf-split
MAIN=$1/llama-completion
WORK_PATH=$TMP_DIR/gguf-split
ROOT_DIR=$(realpath $(dirname $0)/../../)
mkdir -p "$WORK_PATH"
# Clean up in case of previously failed test
rm -f $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split*.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge*.gguf
# 1. Get a model
(
cd $WORK_PATH
"$ROOT_DIR"/scripts/hf.sh --repo ggml-org/Qwen3-0.6B-GGUF --file Qwen3-0.6B-Q8_0.gguf
)
echo PASS
# 2. Split with max tensors strategy
$SPLIT --split-max-tensors 28 $WORK_PATH/Qwen3-0.6B-Q8_0.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split
echo PASS
echo
# 2b. Test the sharded model is loading properly
$MAIN -no-cnv --model $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-00001-of-00012.gguf -p "I believe the meaning of life is" --n-predict 32
echo PASS
echo
# 3. Merge
$SPLIT --merge $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-00001-of-00012.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge.gguf
echo PASS
echo
# 3b. Test the merged model is loading properly
$MAIN -no-cnv --model $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge.gguf -p "I believe the meaning of life is" --n-predict 32
echo PASS
echo
# 4. Split with no tensors in the first split
$SPLIT --split-max-tensors 32 --no-tensor-first-split $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-32-tensors
echo PASS
echo
# 4b. Test the sharded model is loading properly
$MAIN -no-cnv --model $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-32-tensors-00001-of-00011.gguf -p "I believe the meaning of life is" --n-predict 32
echo PASS
echo
# 5. Merge
#$SPLIT --merge $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-32-tensors-00001-of-00012.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge-2.gguf
#echo PASS
#echo
# 5b. Test the merged model is loading properly
#$MAIN -no-cnv --model $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge-2.gguf --n-predict 32
#echo PASS
#echo
# 6. Split with size strategy
$SPLIT --split-max-size 500M $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-500M
echo PASS
echo
# 6b. Test the sharded model is loading properly
$MAIN -no-cnv --model $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split-500M-00001-of-00002.gguf -p "I believe the meaning of life is" --n-predict 32
echo PASS
echo
# Clean up
rm -f $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-split*.gguf $WORK_PATH/ggml-model-merge*.gguf
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set(TARGET llama-imatrix)
add_executable(${TARGET} imatrix.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "AIX")
# AIX's flock() function comes from libbsd.a
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE -lbsd)
endif()
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# llama.cpp/tools/imatrix
Compute an importance matrix for a model and given text dataset. Can be used during quantization to enhance the quality of the quantized models.
More information is available in <https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/4861>.
## Usage
```
./llama-imatrix \
-m model.gguf -f some-text.txt [-o imatrix.gguf] [--output-format {gguf,dat}] [--no-ppl] \
[--process-output] [--chunk 123] [--save-frequency 0] [--output-frequency 10] \
[--in-file imatrix-prev-0.gguf --in-file imatrix-prev-1.gguf ...] [--parse-special] \
[--show-statistics] [...]
```
Here `-m | --model` with a model name and `-f | --file` with a file containing calibration data (such as e.g. `wiki.train.raw`) are mandatory.
The parameters in square brackets are optional and have the following meaning:
* `-h | --help` shows usage information and exits.
* `-lv | --verbosity` specifies the verbosity level. If set to `0`, no output other than the perplexity of the processed chunks will be generated. If set to `1`, each time the results are saved a message is written to `stderr`. If `>=2`, a message is output each time data is collected for any tensor. Default verbosity level is `1`.
* `-o | --output-file` specifies the name of the file where the computed data will be stored. If missing `imatrix.gguf` is used.
* `-ofreq | --output-frequency` specifies how often the so far computed result is saved to disk. Default is 10 (i.e., every 10 chunks)
* `--output-format` specifies the output format of the generated imatrix file. Either "gguf", or "dat" (the legacy format). Defaults to "gguf".
* `--save-frequency` specifies how often to save a copy of the imatrix in a separate file. Default is 0 (i.e., never)
* `--process-output` specifies if data will be collected for the `output.weight` tensor. Typically, it is better not to utilize the importance matrix when quantizing `output.weight`, so this is set to `false` by default.
* `--in-file` one or more existing imatrix files to load and combine. Useful for merging files from multiple runs/datasets.
* `--parse-special` enables parsing of special tokens (e.g., `<|im_start|>` in some models). Useful for models with custom tokenizers.
* `--chunk | --from-chunk` to skip the first `n` chunks of tokens from the input data. Useful for resuming or skipping initial low-quality data.
* `--chunks` maximum number of chunks to process. Default is -1 for all available chunks.
* `--no-ppl` disables the calculation of perplexity for the processed chunks. Useful if you want to speed up the processing and do not care about perplexity.
* `--show-statistics` displays imatrix file's statistics.
For faster computation, make sure to use GPU offloading via the `-ngl | --n-gpu-layers` argument.
Recent versions of `llama-imatrix` store data in GGUF format by default. For the legacy format, use an extension other than `.gguf` when saving the output file. More information is available in <https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/9400>.
## Examples
```bash
# generate importance matrix using default filename (imatrix.gguf), offloading 99 layers to GPU
./llama-imatrix -m ggml-model-f16.gguf -f calibration-data.txt -ngl 99
# use the imatrix to perform a Q4_K_M quantization
./llama-quantize --imatrix imatrix.gguf ggml-model-f16.gguf ./ggml-model-q4_k_m.gguf q4_k_m
```
```bash
# generate and save the imatrix using legacy format
./llama-imatrix -m ggml-model-f16.gguf -f calibration-data.txt --output-format dat -o imatrix-legcy-format.dat -ngl 99
```
```bash
# convert legacy (binary) imatrix format to new (GGUF) format
./llama-imatrix --in-file imatrix-legacy-format.dat -o imatrix-new-format.gguf
```
```bash
# convert new (GGUF) imatrix format to legacy (binary) format
./llama-imatrix --in-file imatrix-new-format.gguf --output-format dat -o imatrix-legacy-format.dat
```
```bash
# combine existing imatrices
./llama-imatrix --in-file imatrix-prev-0.gguf --in-file imatrix-prev-1.gguf -o imatrix-combined.gguf
```
```bash
# skip first 5 chunks, save intermediates every 20 chunks and snapshots every 50, parsing special tokens
./llama-imatrix -m ggml-model-f16.gguf -f calibration-data.txt --chunk 5 --output-frequency 20 --save-frequency 50 --parse-special
```
```bash
# analyse imatrix file and display summary statistics instead of running inference
./llama-imatrix --in-file imatrix.gguf --show-statistics
```
`--show-statistics` will display the following statistics:
#### Per tensor
* Σ(Act²): sum of all squared activations (the importance scores)
* Min & Max: minimum and maximum squared activations values
* μ & σ: Squared activations' mean and standard deviation
* % Active: proportion of elements whose average squared activation exceeds a small threshold (1e-5). Helpful to determine how alive/dormant the tensor is during inference
* N: number of squared activations
* Entropy: entropy of the squared activation distribution, in bits (standard Shannon entropy measurement) $S = -\sum_{i=1}^N p_i \log_2 p_i$
* E (norm): Normalized entropy. $E(norm)=\frac{-\sum_{i=1}^N p_i \log_2 p_i}{log_2 N}$. These two metrics can be used to determine how well a prompt "exercises" the model's capabilities
* ZD Score: z-score distribution as described in _3.1 Layer Importance Scores_ of [Layer-Wise Quantization](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.17415)
* CosSim: cosine similarity with respect to the previous layer's tensor. Useful to determine how similar the squared activations of the current layer are to the previous layer's squared activations.
#### Per layer
Weighted averages of Σ(Act²), ZD Score and CosSim are also calculated.
#### Important note on the computed Statistics
When using these statistics, please note that they are computed on the squared activations, **not on the actual (raw) activations**.
Whilst the results are still useful, they're less reliable than using the raw values, and in the case of the cosine similarity, could be misleading if the tensor contains opposite vectors.
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# llama-bench-impl: benchmark logic, reusable by app
set(TARGET llama-bench-impl)
add_library(${TARGET} llama-bench.cpp)
set_target_properties(${TARGET} PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PUBLIC llama-common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} LIBRARY)
endif()
# llama-bench executable
set(TARGET llama-bench)
add_executable(${TARGET} main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-bench-impl)
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
+386
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@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
# llama.cpp/tools/llama-bench
Performance testing tool for llama.cpp.
## Table of contents
1. [Syntax](#syntax)
2. [Examples](#examples)
1. [Text generation with different models](#text-generation-with-different-models)
2. [Prompt processing with different batch sizes](#prompt-processing-with-different-batch-sizes)
3. [Different numbers of threads](#different-numbers-of-threads)
4. [Different numbers of layers offloaded to the GPU](#different-numbers-of-layers-offloaded-to-the-gpu)
3. [Output formats](#output-formats)
1. [Markdown](#markdown)
2. [CSV](#csv)
3. [JSON](#json)
4. [JSONL](#jsonl)
5. [SQL](#sql)
## Syntax
```
usage: llama-bench [options]
options:
-h, --help
--numa <distribute|isolate|numactl> numa mode (default: disabled)
-r, --repetitions <n> number of times to repeat each test (default: 5)
--prio <-1|0|1|2|3> process/thread priority (default: 0)
--delay <0...N> (seconds) delay between each test (default: 0)
-o, --output <csv|json|jsonl|md|sql> output format printed to stdout (default: md)
-oe, --output-err <csv|json|jsonl|md|sql> output format printed to stderr (default: none)
--list-devices list available devices and exit
-v, --verbose verbose output
--progress print test progress indicators
--no-warmup skip warmup runs before benchmarking
-fitt, --fit-target <MiB> fit model to device memory with this margin per device in MiB (default: off)
-fitc, --fit-ctx <n> minimum ctx size for --fit-target (default: 4096)
-rpc, --rpc <rpc_servers> register RPC devices (comma separated)
test parameters:
-m, --model <filename> (default: models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf)
-hf, -hfr, --hf-repo <user>/<model>[:quant] Hugging Face model repository; quant is optional, case-insensitive
default to Q4_K_M, or falls back to the first file in the repo if Q4_K_M doesn't exist.
example: ggml-org/GLM-4.7-Flash-GGUF:Q4_K_M
(default: unused)
-hff, --hf-file <file> Hugging Face model file. If specified, it will override the quant in --hf-repo
(default: unused)
-hft, --hf-token <token> Hugging Face access token
(default: value from HF_TOKEN environment variable)
-p, --n-prompt <n> (default: 512)
-n, --n-gen <n> (default: 128)
-pg <pp,tg> (default: )
-d, --n-depth <n> (default: 0)
-b, --batch-size <n> (default: 2048)
-ub, --ubatch-size <n> (default: 512)
-ctk, --cache-type-k <t> (default: f16)
-ctv, --cache-type-v <t> (default: f16)
-t, --threads <n> (default: system dependent)
-C, --cpu-mask <hex,hex> (default: 0x0)
--cpu-strict <0|1> (default: 0)
--poll <0...100> (default: 50)
-ngl, --n-gpu-layers <n> (default: -1)
-ncmoe, --n-cpu-moe <n> (default: 0)
-sm, --split-mode <none|layer|row|tensor> (default: layer)
-mg, --main-gpu <i> (default: 0)
-nkvo, --no-kv-offload <0|1> (default: 0)
-fa, --flash-attn <on|off|auto> (default: auto)
-dev, --device <dev0/dev1/...> (default: auto)
-mmp, --mmap <0|1> (default: 1)
-dio, --direct-io <0|1> (default: 0)
-embd, --embeddings <0|1> (default: 0)
-ts, --tensor-split <ts0/ts1/..> (default: 0)
-ot --override-tensor <tensor name pattern>=<buffer type>;...
(default: disabled)
-nopo, --no-op-offload <0|1> (default: 0)
--no-host <0|1> (default: 0)
Multiple values can be given for each parameter by separating them with ','
or by specifying the parameter multiple times. Ranges can be given as
'first-last' or 'first-last+step' or 'first-last*mult'.
```
llama-bench can perform three types of tests:
- Prompt processing (pp): processing a prompt in batches (`-p`)
- Text generation (tg): generating a sequence of tokens (`-n`)
- Prompt processing + text generation (pg): processing a prompt followed by generating a sequence of tokens (`-pg`)
With the exception of `-r`, `-o` and `-v`, all options can be specified multiple times to run multiple tests. Each pp and tg test is run with all combinations of the specified options. To specify multiple values for an option, the values can be separated by commas (e.g. `-n 16,32`), or the option can be specified multiple times (e.g. `-n 16 -n 32`).
Each test is repeated the number of times given by `-r`, and the results are averaged. The results are given in average tokens per second (t/s) and standard deviation. Some output formats (e.g. json) also include the individual results of each repetition.
Using the `-d <n>` option, each test can be run at a specified context depth, prefilling the KV cache with `<n>` tokens.
For a description of the other options, see the [completion example](../completion/README.md).
> [!NOTE]
> The measurements with `llama-bench` do not include the times for tokenization and for sampling.
## Examples
### Text generation with different models
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -m models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf -m models/13B/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf -p 0 -n 128,256,512
```
| model | size | params | backend | ngl | test | t/s |
| ------------------------------ | ---------: | ---------: | ---------- | --: | ---------- | ---------------: |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 128 | 132.19 ± 0.55 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 256 | 129.37 ± 0.54 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 512 | 123.83 ± 0.25 |
| llama 13B mostly Q4_0 | 6.86 GiB | 13.02 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 128 | 82.17 ± 0.31 |
| llama 13B mostly Q4_0 | 6.86 GiB | 13.02 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 256 | 80.74 ± 0.23 |
| llama 13B mostly Q4_0 | 6.86 GiB | 13.02 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 512 | 78.08 ± 0.07 |
### Prompt processing with different batch sizes
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -n 0 -p 1024 -b 128,256,512,1024
```
| model | size | params | backend | ngl | n_batch | test | t/s |
| ------------------------------ | ---------: | ---------: | ---------- | --: | ---------: | ---------- | ---------------: |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | 128 | pp 1024 | 1436.51 ± 3.66 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | 256 | pp 1024 | 1932.43 ± 23.48 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | 512 | pp 1024 | 2254.45 ± 15.59 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | 1024 | pp 1024 | 2498.61 ± 13.58 |
### Different numbers of threads
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -n 0 -n 16 -p 64 -t 1,2,4,8,16,32
```
| model | size | params | backend | threads | test | t/s |
| ------------------------------ | ---------: | ---------: | ---------- | ---------: | ---------- | ---------------: |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 1 | pp 64 | 6.17 ± 0.07 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 1 | tg 16 | 4.05 ± 0.02 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 2 | pp 64 | 12.31 ± 0.13 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 2 | tg 16 | 7.80 ± 0.07 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 4 | pp 64 | 23.18 ± 0.06 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 4 | tg 16 | 12.22 ± 0.07 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 8 | pp 64 | 32.29 ± 1.21 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 8 | tg 16 | 16.71 ± 0.66 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 16 | pp 64 | 33.52 ± 0.03 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 16 | tg 16 | 15.32 ± 0.05 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 32 | pp 64 | 59.00 ± 1.11 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CPU | 32 | tg 16 | 16.41 ± 0.79 |
### Different numbers of layers offloaded to the GPU
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -ngl 10,20,30,31,32,33,34,35
```
| model | size | params | backend | ngl | test | t/s |
| ------------------------------ | ---------: | ---------: | ---------- | --: | ---------- | ---------------: |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 10 | pp 512 | 373.36 ± 2.25 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 10 | tg 128 | 13.45 ± 0.93 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 20 | pp 512 | 472.65 ± 1.25 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 20 | tg 128 | 21.36 ± 1.94 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 30 | pp 512 | 631.87 ± 11.25 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 30 | tg 128 | 40.04 ± 1.82 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 31 | pp 512 | 657.89 ± 5.08 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 31 | tg 128 | 48.19 ± 0.81 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 32 | pp 512 | 688.26 ± 3.29 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 32 | tg 128 | 54.78 ± 0.65 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 33 | pp 512 | 704.27 ± 2.24 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 33 | tg 128 | 60.62 ± 1.76 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 34 | pp 512 | 881.34 ± 5.40 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 34 | tg 128 | 71.76 ± 0.23 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 35 | pp 512 | 2400.01 ± 7.72 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | 35 | tg 128 | 131.66 ± 0.49 |
### Different prefilled context
```
$ ./llama-bench -d 0,512
```
| model | size | params | backend | ngl | test | t/s |
| ------------------------------ | ---------: | ---------: | ---------- | --: | --------------: | -------------------: |
| qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium | 4.36 GiB | 7.62 B | CUDA | -1 | pp512 | 7340.20 ± 23.45 |
| qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium | 4.36 GiB | 7.62 B | CUDA | -1 | tg128 | 120.60 ± 0.59 |
| qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium | 4.36 GiB | 7.62 B | CUDA | -1 | pp512 @ d512 | 6425.91 ± 18.88 |
| qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium | 4.36 GiB | 7.62 B | CUDA | -1 | tg128 @ d512 | 116.71 ± 0.60 |
## Output formats
By default, llama-bench outputs the results in markdown format. The results can be output in other formats by using the `-o` option.
### Markdown
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -o md
```
| model | size | params | backend | ngl | test | t/s |
| ------------------------------ | ---------: | ---------: | ---------- | --: | ---------- | ---------------: |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | pp 512 | 2368.80 ± 93.24 |
| llama 7B mostly Q4_0 | 3.56 GiB | 6.74 B | CUDA | -1 | tg 128 | 131.42 ± 0.59 |
### CSV
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -o csv
```
```csv
build_commit,build_number,cpu_info,gpu_info,backends,model_filename,model_type,model_size,model_n_params,n_batch,n_ubatch,n_threads,cpu_mask,cpu_strict,poll,type_k,type_v,n_gpu_layers,n_cpu_moe,split_mode,main_gpu,no_kv_offload,flash_attn,devices,tensor_split,tensor_buft_overrides,use_mmap,use_direct_io,embeddings,no_op_offload,no_host,fit_target,fit_min_ctx,n_prompt,n_gen,n_depth,test_time,avg_ns,stddev_ns,avg_ts,stddev_ts
"8cf427ff","5163","AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor","NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080","CUDA","models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf","qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium","4677120000","7615616512","2048","512","8","0x0","0","50","f16","f16","-1","0","layer","0","0","-1","auto","0.00","none","1","0","0","0","0","0","0","512","0","0","2025-04-24T11:57:09Z","70285660","982040","7285.676949","100.064434"
"8cf427ff","5163","AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor","NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080","CUDA","models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf","qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium","4677120000","7615616512","2048","512","8","0x0","0","50","f16","f16","-1","0","layer","0","0","-1","auto","0.00","none","1","0","0","0","0","0","0","0","128","0","2025-04-24T11:57:10Z","1067431600","3834831","119.915244","0.430617"
```
### JSON
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -o json
```
```json
[
{
"build_commit": "8cf427ff",
"build_number": 5163,
"cpu_info": "AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor",
"gpu_info": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080",
"backends": "CUDA",
"model_filename": "models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf",
"model_type": "qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium",
"model_size": 4677120000,
"model_n_params": 7615616512,
"n_batch": 2048,
"n_ubatch": 512,
"n_threads": 8,
"cpu_mask": "0x0",
"cpu_strict": false,
"poll": 50,
"type_k": "f16",
"type_v": "f16",
"n_gpu_layers": -1,
"n_cpu_moe": 0,
"split_mode": "layer",
"main_gpu": 0,
"no_kv_offload": false,
"flash_attn": -1,
"devices": "auto",
"tensor_split": "0.00",
"tensor_buft_overrides": "none",
"use_mmap": true,
"use_direct_io": false,
"embeddings": false,
"no_op_offload": 0,
"no_host": false,
"fit_target": 0,
"fit_min_ctx": 0,
"n_prompt": 512,
"n_gen": 0,
"n_depth": 0,
"test_time": "2025-04-24T11:58:50Z",
"avg_ns": 72135640,
"stddev_ns": 1453752,
"avg_ts": 7100.002165,
"stddev_ts": 140.341520,
"samples_ns": [ 74601900, 71632900, 71745200, 71952700, 70745500 ],
"samples_ts": [ 6863.1, 7147.55, 7136.37, 7115.79, 7237.21 ]
},
{
"build_commit": "8cf427ff",
"build_number": 5163,
"cpu_info": "AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor",
"gpu_info": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080",
"backends": "CUDA",
"model_filename": "models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf",
"model_type": "qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium",
"model_size": 4677120000,
"model_n_params": 7615616512,
"n_batch": 2048,
"n_ubatch": 512,
"n_threads": 8,
"cpu_mask": "0x0",
"cpu_strict": false,
"poll": 50,
"type_k": "f16",
"type_v": "f16",
"n_gpu_layers": -1,
"n_cpu_moe": 0,
"split_mode": "layer",
"main_gpu": 0,
"no_kv_offload": false,
"flash_attn": -1,
"devices": "auto",
"tensor_split": "0.00",
"tensor_buft_overrides": "none",
"use_mmap": true,
"use_direct_io": false,
"embeddings": false,
"no_op_offload": 0,
"no_host": false,
"fit_target": 0,
"fit_min_ctx": 0,
"n_prompt": 0,
"n_gen": 128,
"n_depth": 0,
"test_time": "2025-04-24T11:58:51Z",
"avg_ns": 1076767880,
"stddev_ns": 9449585,
"avg_ts": 118.881588,
"stddev_ts": 1.041811,
"samples_ns": [ 1075361300, 1065089400, 1071761200, 1081934900, 1089692600 ],
"samples_ts": [ 119.03, 120.178, 119.43, 118.307, 117.464 ]
}
]
```
### JSONL
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -o jsonl
```
```json lines
{"build_commit": "8cf427ff", "build_number": 5163, "cpu_info": "AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor", "gpu_info": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080", "backends": "CUDA", "model_filename": "models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf", "model_type": "qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium", "model_size": 4677120000, "model_n_params": 7615616512, "n_batch": 2048, "n_ubatch": 512, "n_threads": 8, "cpu_mask": "0x0", "cpu_strict": false, "poll": 50, "type_k": "f16", "type_v": "f16", "n_gpu_layers": -1, "n_cpu_moe": 0, "split_mode": "layer", "main_gpu": 0, "no_kv_offload": false, "flash_attn": -1, "devices": "auto", "tensor_split": "0.00", "tensor_buft_overrides": "none", "use_mmap": true, "use_direct_io": false, "embeddings": false, "no_op_offload": 0, "no_host": false, "fit_target": 0, "fit_min_ctx": 0, "n_prompt": 512, "n_gen": 0, "n_depth": 0, "test_time": "2025-04-24T11:59:33Z", "avg_ns": 70497220, "stddev_ns": 883196, "avg_ts": 7263.609157, "stddev_ts": 90.940578, "samples_ns": [ 71551000, 71222800, 70364100, 69439100, 69909100 ],"samples_ts": [ 7155.74, 7188.71, 7276.44, 7373.37, 7323.8 ]}
{"build_commit": "8cf427ff", "build_number": 5163, "cpu_info": "AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor", "gpu_info": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080", "backends": "CUDA", "model_filename": "models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf", "model_type": "qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium", "model_size": 4677120000, "model_n_params": 7615616512, "n_batch": 2048, "n_ubatch": 512, "n_threads": 8, "cpu_mask": "0x0", "cpu_strict": false, "poll": 50, "type_k": "f16", "type_v": "f16", "n_gpu_layers": -1, "n_cpu_moe": 0, "split_mode": "layer", "main_gpu": 0, "no_kv_offload": false, "flash_attn": -1, "devices": "auto", "tensor_split": "0.00", "tensor_buft_overrides": "none", "use_mmap": true, "use_direct_io": false, "embeddings": false, "no_op_offload": 0, "no_host": false, "fit_target": 0, "fit_min_ctx": 0, "n_prompt": 0, "n_gen": 128, "n_depth": 0, "test_time": "2025-04-24T11:59:33Z", "avg_ns": 1068078400, "stddev_ns": 6279455, "avg_ts": 119.844681, "stddev_ts": 0.699739, "samples_ns": [ 1066331700, 1064864900, 1079042600, 1063328400, 1066824400 ],"samples_ts": [ 120.038, 120.203, 118.624, 120.377, 119.982 ]}
```
### SQL
SQL output is suitable for importing into a SQLite database. The output can be piped into the `sqlite3` command line tool to add the results to a database.
```sh
$ ./llama-bench -o sql
```
```sql
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS llama_bench (
build_commit TEXT,
build_number INTEGER,
cpu_info TEXT,
gpu_info TEXT,
backends TEXT,
model_filename TEXT,
model_type TEXT,
model_size INTEGER,
model_n_params INTEGER,
n_batch INTEGER,
n_ubatch INTEGER,
n_threads INTEGER,
cpu_mask TEXT,
cpu_strict INTEGER,
poll INTEGER,
type_k TEXT,
type_v TEXT,
n_gpu_layers INTEGER,
n_cpu_moe INTEGER,
split_mode TEXT,
main_gpu INTEGER,
no_kv_offload INTEGER,
flash_attn INTEGER,
devices TEXT,
tensor_split TEXT,
tensor_buft_overrides TEXT,
use_mmap INTEGER,
use_direct_io INTEGER,
embeddings INTEGER,
no_op_offload INTEGER,
no_host INTEGER,
fit_target INTEGER,
fit_min_ctx INTEGER,
n_prompt INTEGER,
n_gen INTEGER,
n_depth INTEGER,
test_time TEXT,
avg_ns INTEGER,
stddev_ns INTEGER,
avg_ts REAL,
stddev_ts REAL
);
INSERT INTO llama_bench (build_commit, build_number, cpu_info, gpu_info, backends, model_filename, model_type, model_size, model_n_params, n_batch, n_ubatch, n_threads, cpu_mask, cpu_strict, poll, type_k, type_v, n_gpu_layers, n_cpu_moe, split_mode, main_gpu, no_kv_offload, flash_attn, devices, tensor_split, tensor_buft_overrides, use_mmap, use_direct_io, embeddings, no_op_offload, no_host, fit_target, fit_min_ctx, n_prompt, n_gen, n_depth, test_time, avg_ns, stddev_ns, avg_ts, stddev_ts) VALUES ('8cf427ff', '5163', 'AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor', 'NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080', 'CUDA', 'models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf', 'qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium', '4677120000', '7615616512', '2048', '512', '8', '0x0', '0', '50', 'f16', 'f16', '-1', '0', 'layer', '0', '0', '-1', 'auto', '0.00', 'none', '1', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '512', '0', '0', '2025-04-24T12:00:08Z', '69905000', '519516', '7324.546977', '54.032613');
INSERT INTO llama_bench (build_commit, build_number, cpu_info, gpu_info, backends, model_filename, model_type, model_size, model_n_params, n_batch, n_ubatch, n_threads, cpu_mask, cpu_strict, poll, type_k, type_v, n_gpu_layers, n_cpu_moe, split_mode, main_gpu, no_kv_offload, flash_attn, devices, tensor_split, tensor_buft_overrides, use_mmap, use_direct_io, embeddings, no_op_offload, no_host, fit_target, fit_min_ctx, n_prompt, n_gen, n_depth, test_time, avg_ns, stddev_ns, avg_ts, stddev_ts) VALUES ('8cf427ff', '5163', 'AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 8-Core Processor', 'NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080', 'CUDA', 'models/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf', 'qwen2 7B Q4_K - Medium', '4677120000', '7615616512', '2048', '512', '8', '0x0', '0', '50', 'f16', 'f16', '-1', '0', 'layer', '0', '0', '-1', 'auto', '0.00', 'none', '1', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '128', '0', '2025-04-24T12:00:09Z', '1063608780', '4464130', '120.346696', '0.504647');
```
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int llama_bench(int argc, char ** argv);
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
return llama_bench(argc, argv);
}
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# mtmd
set(MTMD_VIDEO ON CACHE BOOL "enable video support in mtmd (requires ffmpeg binary in PATH)")
# TODO: add MTMD_VIDEO_METHOD in the future to select between ffmpeg and other backends
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
add_library(mtmd
mtmd.cpp
mtmd-audio.cpp
mtmd-image.cpp
mtmd.h
mtmd-helper.cpp
mtmd-helper.h
clip.cpp
clip.h
clip-impl.h
clip-model.h
clip-graph.h
models/models.h
models/cogvlm.cpp
models/conformer.cpp
models/dotsocr.cpp
models/exaone4_5.cpp
models/gemma4a.cpp
models/gemma4v.cpp
models/gemma4ua.cpp
models/gemma4uv.cpp
models/glm4v.cpp
models/granite-speech.cpp
models/granite4-vision.cpp
models/hunyuanvl.cpp
models/internvl.cpp
models/kimivl.cpp
models/kimik25.cpp
models/nemotron-v2-vl.cpp
models/llama4.cpp
models/llava.cpp
models/minicpmv.cpp
models/paddleocr.cpp
models/pixtral.cpp
models/qwen2vl.cpp
models/qwen3vl.cpp
models/mimovl.cpp
models/qwen3a.cpp
models/step3vl.cpp
models/siglip.cpp
models/whisper-enc.cpp
models/deepseekocr.cpp
models/deepseekocr2.cpp
models/mobilenetv5.cpp
models/youtuvl.cpp
models/yasa2.cpp
)
set_target_properties(mtmd PROPERTIES
VERSION ${LLAMA_INSTALL_VERSION}
SOVERSION 0
MACHO_CURRENT_VERSION 0 # keep macOS linker from seeing oversized version number
)
target_link_libraries (mtmd PUBLIC ggml llama)
target_link_libraries (mtmd PRIVATE Threads::Threads)
target_include_directories(mtmd PUBLIC .)
target_include_directories(mtmd PRIVATE ../..)
target_include_directories(mtmd PRIVATE ../../vendor)
target_compile_features (mtmd PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
if (MTMD_VIDEO)
target_compile_definitions(mtmd PRIVATE MTMD_VIDEO)
endif()
if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
set_target_properties (mtmd PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
target_compile_definitions(mtmd PRIVATE LLAMA_BUILD)
target_compile_definitions(mtmd PUBLIC LLAMA_SHARED)
endif()
set(MTMD_PUBLIC_HEADERS
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/mtmd.h
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/mtmd-helper.h
)
set_target_properties(mtmd
PROPERTIES
PUBLIC_HEADER "${MTMD_PUBLIC_HEADERS}")
set_target_properties(mtmd
PROPERTIES
PRIVATE_HEADER debug/mtmd-debug.h)
install(TARGETS mtmd LIBRARY PUBLIC_HEADER)
if (NOT MSVC)
# for stb_image.h and miniaudio.h
target_compile_options(mtmd PRIVATE -Wno-cast-qual)
endif()
if (ANDROID)
# miniaudio.h defines ma_android_sdk_version() without a prior prototype
target_compile_options(mtmd PRIVATE -Wno-missing-prototypes)
endif()
if (TARGET BUILD_INFO)
add_dependencies(mtmd BUILD_INFO)
add_dependencies(mtmd-helper BUILD_INFO)
endif()
# if mtmd is linked against llama-common, we throw an error
if (TARGET mtmd)
get_target_property(libs mtmd LINK_LIBRARIES)
if (libs AND "llama-common" IN_LIST libs)
message(FATAL_ERROR "mtmd is designed to be a public library.\n"
"It must not link against llama-common")
endif()
endif()
# Gate CLI binaries on LLAMA_BUILD_TOOLS so that standalone library-only
# builds (LLAMA_BUILD_MTMD=ON with LLAMA_BUILD_TOOLS=OFF — e.g. Apple
# XCFramework packaging) skip the executables entirely. LLAMA_BUILD_COMMON
# defaults to ON in standalone builds, so we cannot rely on it for gating.
if (LLAMA_BUILD_TOOLS)
add_executable(llama-llava-cli deprecation-warning.cpp)
add_executable(llama-gemma3-cli deprecation-warning.cpp)
add_executable(llama-minicpmv-cli deprecation-warning.cpp)
add_executable(llama-qwen2vl-cli deprecation-warning.cpp)
set(TARGET llama-mtmd-cli)
add_executable (${TARGET} mtmd-cli.cpp)
set_target_properties (${TARGET} PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME llama-mtmd-cli)
if(LLAMA_TOOLS_INSTALL)
install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
endif()
target_link_libraries (${TARGET} PRIVATE llama-common mtmd Threads::Threads)
target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
# mtmd-debug tool
add_executable(llama-mtmd-debug debug/mtmd-debug.cpp)
set_target_properties(llama-mtmd-debug PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME llama-mtmd-debug)
target_link_libraries(llama-mtmd-debug PRIVATE llama-common mtmd Threads::Threads)
target_compile_features(llama-mtmd-debug PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
endif()
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# libmtmd dev guide
## History
Please refer to [multimodal.md](../../docs/multimodal.md) for a broader context.
In short:
- `libmtmd` started as a wrapper around `libllava` / `clip.cpp`
- Various components that used to be in `clip.cpp` are moved progressively to mtmd. For example, preprocessor is now part of mtmd
## Terminologies
- mtmd: **M**ul**T**i**M**o**D**al
- bitmap: representing a raw input data, for example: RGB image, PCM audio
- tiles / slices: for llava-uhd-style models, the preprocessor breaks a large input into smaller square images called tiles or slices
- chunk: a mtmd_input_chunk represents a preprocessed input that can then be passed through `mtmd_encode()`
## Pipeline
A typical pipeline of the core libmtmd is as follows:
- A bitmap (RGB image or PCM audio) is created
- Bitmap and the text prompt is provided to `mtmd_tokenize()` that breaks the input into chunks
- The tokenizer function first expands a "lazy" bitmap if it finds one. Typically, this is used by video, so that one media token corresponds to one input bitmap
- For models that support "fused" temporal frames like Qwen-VL, the tokenizer tries to merge pair of consecutive frames into one batch
- The preprocessor will then be called, which produces a list of chunks
- Depending on the model itself, special tokens will be injected to separate image chunks (i.e. llava-uhd-style models)
- Multiple bitmaps may be batched together to form a larger `mtmd_batch()`
- Single image or batch is encoded, via `mtmd_encode()` or `mtmd_batch_encode()`
- Get the output embeddings
## Helper
We provide a set of helper functions via `mtmd_helper` to make using libmtmd easier. The helper provides:
- Image, audio and video file decoding (for example, decode raw JPEG into RGB bitmap)
- Manage `llama_batch` and calls to `llama_decode`
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# Multimodal Support in llama.cpp
This directory provides multimodal capabilities for `llama.cpp`. Initially intended as a showcase for running LLaVA models, its scope has expanded significantly over time to include various other vision-capable models. As a result, LLaVA is no longer the only multimodal architecture supported.
> [!IMPORTANT]
>
> Multimodal support can be viewed as a sub-project within `llama.cpp`. It is under **very heavy development**, and **breaking changes are expected**.
The naming and structure related to multimodal support have evolved, which might cause some confusion. Here's a brief timeline to clarify:
- [#3436](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/3436): Initial support for LLaVA 1.5 was added, introducing `llava.cpp` and `clip.cpp`. The `llava-cli` binary was created for model interaction.
- [#4954](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/4954): Support for MobileVLM was added, becoming the second vision model supported. This built upon the existing `llava.cpp`, `clip.cpp`, and `llava-cli` infrastructure.
- **Expansion & Fragmentation:** Many new models were subsequently added (e.g., [#7599](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/7599), [#10361](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/10361), [#12344](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/12344), and others). However, `llava-cli` lacked support for the increasingly complex chat templates required by these models. This led to the creation of model-specific binaries like `qwen2vl-cli`, `minicpmv-cli`, and `gemma3-cli`. While functional, this proliferation of command-line tools became confusing for users.
- [#12849](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/12849): `libmtmd` was introduced as a replacement for `llava.cpp`. Its goals include providing a single, unified command-line interface, improving the user/developer experience (UX/DX), and supporting both audio and image inputs.
- [#13012](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/13012): `mtmd-cli` was added, consolidating the various model-specific CLIs into a single tool powered by `libmtmd`.
## Pre-quantized models
See the list of pre-quantized model [here](../../docs/multimodal.md)
## How it works and what is `mmproj`?
Multimodal support in `llama.cpp` works by encoding images into embeddings using a separate model component, and then feeding these embeddings into the language model.
This approach keeps the multimodal components distinct from the core `libllama` library. Separating these allows for faster, independent development cycles. While many modern vision models are based on Vision Transformers (ViTs), their specific pre-processing and projection steps can vary significantly. Integrating this diverse complexity directly into `libllama` is currently challenging.
Consequently, running a multimodal model typically requires two GGUF files:
1. The standard language model file.
2. A corresponding **multimodal projector (`mmproj`)** file, which handles the image encoding and projection.
## What is `libmtmd`?
As outlined in the history, `libmtmd` is the modern library designed to replace the original `llava.cpp` implementation for handling multimodal inputs.
Built upon `clip.cpp` (similar to `llava.cpp`), `libmtmd` offers several advantages:
- **Unified Interface:** Aims to consolidate interaction for various multimodal models.
- **Improved UX/DX:** Features a more intuitive API, inspired by the `Processor` class in the Hugging Face `transformers` library.
- **Flexibility:** Designed to support multiple input types (text, audio, images) while respecting the wide variety of chat templates used by different models.
## How to obtain `mmproj`
Multimodal projector (`mmproj`) files are specific to each model architecture.
For the following models, you can use `convert_hf_to_gguf.py` with `--mmproj` flag to get the `mmproj` file:
- [Gemma 3](https://huggingface.co/collections/google/gemma-3-release-67c6c6f89c4f76621268bb6d) ; See the guide [here](../../docs/multimodal/gemma3.md) - Note: 1B variant does not have vision support
- SmolVLM (from [HuggingFaceTB](https://huggingface.co/HuggingFaceTB))
- SmolVLM2 (from [HuggingFaceTB](https://huggingface.co/HuggingFaceTB))
- [Pixtral 12B](https://huggingface.co/mistral-community/pixtral-12b) - only works with `transformers`-compatible checkpoint
- Qwen 2 VL and Qwen 2.5 VL (from [Qwen](https://huggingface.co/Qwen))
- [Mistral Small 3.1 24B](https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-Small-3.1-24B-Instruct-2503)
- InternVL 2.5 and InternVL 3 from [OpenGVLab](https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab) (note: we don't support conversion of `InternVL3-*-hf` model, only non-HF version is supported ; `InternLM2Model` **text** model is not supported)
- [MiniCPM-V 4.6](https://huggingface.co/openbmb/MiniCPM-V-4_6) ; See the guide [here](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmv4.6.md) - requires the standard `transformers` v5.7.0+ checkpoint
For older models, please refer to the relevant guide for instructions on how to obtain or create them:
NOTE: conversion scripts are located under `tools/mtmd/legacy-models`
- [LLaVA](../../docs/multimodal/llava.md)
- [MobileVLM](../../docs/multimodal/MobileVLM.md)
- [GLM-Edge](../../docs/multimodal/glmedge.md)
- [MiniCPM-V 2.5](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmv2.5.md)
- [MiniCPM-V 2.6](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmv2.6.md)
- [MiniCPM-o 2.6](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmo2.6.md)
- [MiniCPM-V 4.0](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmv4.0.md)
- [MiniCPM-o 4.0](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmo4.0.md)
- [MiniCPM-V 4.5](../../docs/multimodal/minicpmv4.5.md)
- [IBM Granite Vision](../../docs/multimodal/granitevision.md)
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#pragma once
#include "ggml.h"
#include "ggml-cpp.h"
#include "clip.h"
#include "clip-impl.h"
#include "clip-model.h"
#include <vector>
#include <functional>
#define DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION_MODE (GGML_SCALE_MODE_BILINEAR | GGML_SCALE_FLAG_ANTIALIAS)
struct build_vit_opts {
ggml_tensor * attn_mask = nullptr;
};
struct clip_graph {
const clip_model & model;
const clip_hparams & hparams;
projector_type proj_type;
const clip_image_f32 & img; // for backward compat
const clip_image_f32_batch * img_batch = nullptr;
const int patch_size;
const int n_patches_x;
const int n_patches_y;
const int n_patches;
const int n_embd;
const int n_head;
const int n_head_kv;
const int d_head;
const int n_layer;
const int n_mmproj_embd;
const float eps;
float kq_scale; // TODO: maybe move this to hparams
const clip_flash_attn_type flash_attn_type;
// TODO [QWEN_VIDEO]: improve this in the future
int n_batch = 1;
ggml_context_ptr ctx0_ptr;
ggml_context * ctx0;
ggml_cgraph * gf;
clip_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img);
virtual ~clip_graph() = default;
virtual ggml_cgraph * build() = 0;
// wrapper around ggml_mul_mat, allow hooking (e.g. LoRA, clamping) depending on the model
// tensor w should be the weight matrix, and tensor x should be the input
virtual ggml_tensor * build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const;
// TODO: build_mm(w, b, x) to support bias
virtual bool support_batch() const {
return false;
}
//
// utility functions
//
void cb(ggml_tensor * cur0, const char * name, int il) const;
const clip_image_f32 & get_img(size_t idx) const {
GGML_ASSERT(img_batch);
GGML_ASSERT(idx < img_batch->entries.size());
return img_batch->entries[idx];
}
// siglip2 naflex
ggml_tensor * resize_position_embeddings(uint32_t interpolation_mode = DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION_MODE);
// build vision transformer (ViT) cgraph
// this function should cover most of the models
// if your model has specific features, you should probably duplicate this function
ggml_tensor * build_vit(
ggml_tensor * inp,
int64_t n_pos,
norm_type norm_t,
ffn_op_type ffn_t,
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd,
std::function<ggml_tensor *(ggml_tensor *, const clip_layer &)> add_pos,
const build_vit_opts & opts = {});
// build the input after conv2d (inp_raw --> patches)
// returns tensor with shape [n_embd, n_patches]
ggml_tensor * build_inp();
ggml_tensor * build_inp_raw(int channels = 3);
ggml_tensor * build_norm(
ggml_tensor * cur,
ggml_tensor * mw,
ggml_tensor * mb,
norm_type type,
float norm_eps,
int il) const;
ggml_tensor * build_ffn(
ggml_tensor * cur,
ggml_tensor * up,
ggml_tensor * up_b,
ggml_tensor * gate,
ggml_tensor * gate_b,
ggml_tensor * down,
ggml_tensor * down_b,
ffn_op_type type_op,
int il) const;
ggml_tensor * build_attn(
ggml_tensor * wo,
ggml_tensor * wo_b,
ggml_tensor * q_cur,
ggml_tensor * k_cur,
ggml_tensor * v_cur,
ggml_tensor * kq_mask,
float kq_scale,
int il,
ggml_tensor * sinks = nullptr) const;
// implementation of the 2D RoPE without adding a new op in ggml
// this is not efficient (use double the memory), but works on all backends
// TODO: there was a more efficient which relies on ggml_view and ggml_rope_ext_inplace, but the rope inplace does not work well with non-contiguous tensors ; we should fix that and revert back to the original implementation in https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/13065
ggml_tensor * build_rope_2d(
ggml_context * ctx0,
ggml_tensor * cur,
ggml_tensor * pos_a, // first half
ggml_tensor * pos_b, // second half
const float freq_base,
const bool interleave_freq
);
// aka pixel_shuffle / pixel_unshuffle / patch_merger (Kimi-VL)
// support dynamic resolution
ggml_tensor * build_patch_merge_permute(ggml_tensor * cur, int scale_factor);
// Generic function to stack frames for audio processing
// Abstracts out the StackAudioFrames logic used by ultravox
ggml_tensor * build_stack(ggml_tensor * cur, int32_t stack_factor, int32_t n_embed);
};
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#pragma once
#include "ggml.h"
#include "gguf.h"
#include "clip.h"
#include <array>
#include <climits>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <fstream>
#ifdef _WIN32
#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif
#include <windows.h>
#endif
// Internal header for clip.cpp
#define MTMD_INTERNAL_HEADER
#define KEY_FTYPE "general.file_type"
#define KEY_NAME "general.name"
#define KEY_DESCRIPTION "general.description"
#define KEY_PROJ_TYPE "clip.projector_type"
#define KEY_HAS_AUDIO_ENC "clip.has_audio_encoder"
#define KEY_HAS_VISION_ENC "clip.has_vision_encoder"
#define KEY_USE_GELU "clip.use_gelu"
#define KEY_USE_SILU "clip.use_silu"
#define KEY_N_EMBD "clip.%s.embedding_length"
#define KEY_N_FF "clip.%s.feed_forward_length"
#define KEY_N_BLOCK "clip.%s.block_count"
#define KEY_PROJ_DIM "clip.%s.projection_dim"
#define KEY_N_HEAD "clip.%s.attention.head_count"
#define KEY_N_HEAD_KV "clip.%s.attention.head_count_kv"
#define KEY_LAYER_NORM_EPS "clip.%s.attention.layer_norm_epsilon"
#define KEY_FEATURE_LAYERS "clip.%s.feature_layer"
// vision-specific
#define KEY_VISION_PROJ_TYPE "clip.vision.projector_type" // for models with mixed modalities
#define KEY_IMAGE_SIZE "clip.vision.image_size"
#define KEY_IMAGE_MIN_PIXELS "clip.vision.image_min_pixels"
#define KEY_IMAGE_MAX_PIXELS "clip.vision.image_max_pixels"
#define KEY_PREPROC_MIN_TILES "clip.vision.preproc_min_tiles"
#define KEY_PREPROC_MAX_TILES "clip.vision.preproc_max_tiles"
#define KEY_PREPROC_IMAGE_SIZE "clip.vision.preproc_image_size"
#define KEY_PATCH_SIZE "clip.vision.patch_size"
#define KEY_IMAGE_MEAN "clip.vision.image_mean"
#define KEY_IMAGE_STD "clip.vision.image_std"
#define KEY_PROJ_SCALE_FACTOR "clip.vision.projector.scale_factor"
#define KEY_PROJ_SAMPLE_QUERY_SIDE "clip.vision.projector.query_side"
#define KEY_PROJ_SAMPLE_WINDOW_SIDE "clip.vision.projector.window_side"
#define KEY_PROJ_SPATIAL_OFFSETS "clip.vision.projector.spatial_offsets"
#define KEY_SPATIAL_MERGE_SIZE "clip.vision.spatial_merge_size"
#define KEY_MM_PATCH_MERGE_TYPE "clip.vision.mm_patch_merge_type"
#define KEY_IMAGE_GRID_PINPOINTS "clip.vision.image_grid_pinpoints"
#define KEY_WIN_ATTN_PATTERN "clip.vision.n_wa_pattern"
#define KEY_WIN_ATTN_LAYER_INDEXES "clip.vision.wa_layer_indexes"
#define KEY_WA_PATTERN_MODE "clip.vision.wa_pattern_mode"
#define KEY_ATTN_WINDOW_SIZE "clip.vision.window_size"
#define KEY_MINICPMV_VERSION "clip.minicpmv_version"
#define KEY_MINICPMV_QUERY_NUM "clip.minicpmv_query_num"
#define KEY_SAM_N_HEAD "clip.vision.sam.head_count"
#define KEY_SAM_N_BLOCK "clip.vision.sam.block_count"
#define KEY_SAM_N_EMBD "clip.vision.sam.embedding_length"
// audio-specific
#define KEY_AUDIO_PROJ_TYPE "clip.audio.projector_type" // for models with mixed modalities
#define KEY_A_NUM_MEL_BINS "clip.audio.num_mel_bins"
#define KEY_A_PROJ_STACK_FACTOR "clip.audio.projector.stack_factor"
#define KEY_A_CHUNK_SIZE "clip.audio.chunk_size"
#define KEY_A_CONV_KERNEL_SIZE "clip.audio.conv_kernel_size"
#define KEY_A_MAX_POS_EMB "clip.audio.max_pos_emb"
#define KEY_A_PROJ_WINDOW_SIZE "clip.audio.projector.window_size"
#define KEY_A_PROJ_DOWNSAMPLE_RATE "clip.audio.projector.downsample_rate"
#define KEY_A_PROJ_HEAD_COUNT "clip.audio.projector.head_count"
//
// tensor name constants
//
#define TN_POS_EMBD "%s.position_embd.weight"
#define TN_CLASS_EMBD "v.class_embd"
#define TN_PATCH_EMBD "v.patch_embd.weight" // not rename tensor with ".0" postfix for backward compat
#define TN_PATCH_EMBD_1 "v.patch_embd.weight.1"
#define TN_PATCH_BIAS "v.patch_embd.bias"
#define TN_NORM_EMBD "v.norm_embd.%s"
#define TN_PATCH_NORM "v.patch_norm.%d.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_QKV "%s.blk.%d.attn_qkv.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_K "%s.blk.%d.attn_k.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_Q "%s.blk.%d.attn_q.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_V "%s.blk.%d.attn_v.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_OUTPUT "%s.blk.%d.attn_out.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_SINKS "%s.blk.%d.attn_sinks"
#define TN_ATTN_K_NORM "%s.blk.%d.attn_k_norm.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_Q_NORM "%s.blk.%d.attn_q_norm.%s"
#define TN_FFN_DOWN "%s.blk.%d.ffn_down.%s"
#define TN_FFN_GATE "%s.blk.%d.ffn_gate.%s"
#define TN_FFN_UP "%s.blk.%d.ffn_up.%s"
#define TN_FFN_GATE "%s.blk.%d.ffn_gate.%s"
#define TN_LN_1 "%s.blk.%d.ln1.%s" // layer norm
#define TN_LN_2 "%s.blk.%d.ln2.%s" // layer norm
#define TN_LS_1 "%s.blk.%d.ls1.%s" // layer scale
#define TN_LS_2 "%s.blk.%d.ls2.%s" // layer scale
#define TN_LS_OUT "%s.blk.%d.out_scale.%s" // layer out scale (gemma4)
#define TN_ATTN_POST_NORM "%s.blk.%d.attn_post_norm.%s" // post-attn norm (gemma4)
#define TN_FFN_POST_NORM "%s.blk.%d.ffn_post_norm.%s" // post-FFN norm (gemma4)
#define TN_LN_PRE "%s.pre_ln.%s"
#define TN_LN_POST "%s.post_ln.%s"
#define TN_LLAVA_PROJ "mm.%d.%s"
#define TN_MM_UP "mm.up.%s"
#define TN_MM_GATE "mm.gate.%s"
#define TN_MM_DOWN "mm.down.%s"
#define TN_MM_POST_NORM "mm.post_norm.%s"
#define TN_MVLM_PROJ_MLP "mm.model.mlp.%d.%s"
#define TN_MVLM_PROJ_BLOCK "mm.model.mb_block.%d.block.%d.%s"
#define TN_MVLM_PROJ_PEG "mm.model.peg.%d.%s"
#define TN_IMAGE_NEWLINE "v.image_newline"
#define TN_IMAGE_SEPERATOR "v.view_seperator"
#define TN_MM_INP_NORM "mm.input_norm.weight"
#define TN_MM_INP_NORM_B "mm.input_norm.bias"
#define TN_MM_INP_PROJ "mm.input_projection.weight" // gemma3
#define TN_MM_SOFT_EMB_N "mm.soft_emb_norm.weight" // gemma3
#define TN_MM_PROJECTOR "mm.model.fc.%s" // idefics3, deepseekocr
#define TN_MM_PATCH_MERGER "mm.patch_merger.%s" // mistral small 3.1, glm4v
#define TN_TOK_IMG_BREAK "v.token_embd.img_break" // pixtral
#define TN_TOK_GLM_BOI "adapter.boi" // glm-edge (these embeddings are not in text model)
#define TN_TOK_GLM_EOI "adapter.eoi" // glm-edge (these embeddings are not in text model)
#define TN_DEEPSTACK_NORM "v.deepstack.%d.norm.%s" // qwen3vl deepstack
#define TN_DEEPSTACK_FC1 "v.deepstack.%d.fc1.%s" // qwen3vl deepstack
#define TN_DEEPSTACK_FC2 "v.deepstack.%d.fc2.%s" // qwen3vl deepstack
// mimicpmv
#define TN_MINICPMV_POS_EMBD_K "resampler.pos_embed_k"
#define TN_MINICPMV_QUERY "resampler.query"
#define TN_MINICPMV_PROJ "resampler.proj.weight"
#define TN_MINICPMV_KV_PROJ "resampler.kv.weight"
#define TN_MINICPMV_ATTN "resampler.attn.%s.%s"
#define TN_MINICPMV_LN "resampler.ln_%s.%s"
// MiniCPM-V 4.6 ViT merger (window attention + MLP downsample),
// matching the upstream `vit_merger` module name in transformers.
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_LN1 "v.vit_merger.ln1.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_ATTN_Q "v.vit_merger.attn_q.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_ATTN_K "v.vit_merger.attn_k.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_ATTN_V "v.vit_merger.attn_v.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_ATTN_O "v.vit_merger.attn_out.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_DS_LN "v.vit_merger.ds_ln.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_DS_UP "v.vit_merger.ds_ffn_up.%s"
#define TN_VIT_MERGER_DS_DOWN "v.vit_merger.ds_ffn_down.%s"
#define TN_GLM_ADAPER_CONV "adapter.conv.%s"
#define TN_GLM_ADAPTER_LINEAR "adapter.linear.linear.%s"
#define TN_GLM_ADAPTER_NORM_1 "adapter.linear.norm1.%s"
#define TN_GLM_ADAPTER_D_H_2_4H "adapter.linear.dense_h_to_4h.%s"
#define TN_GLM_ADAPTER_GATE "adapter.linear.gate.%s"
#define TN_GLM_ADAPTER_D_4H_2_H "adapter.linear.dense_4h_to_h.%s"
// ultravox
#define TN_CONV1D "a.conv1d.%d.%s"
#define TN_CONV2D "a.conv2d.%d.%s"
#define TN_CONV_OUT "a.conv_out.%s"
#define TN_MM_AUDIO_MLP "mm.a.mlp.%d.%s"
#define TN_MM_AUDIO_FC "mm.a.fc.%s" // fully connected layer
#define TN_MM_NORM_PRE "mm.a.norm_pre.%s"
#define TN_MM_NORM_MID "mm.a.norm_mid.%s"
// cogvlm
#define TN_MM_POST_FC_NORM "mm.post_fc_norm.%s"
#define TN_MM_H_TO_4H "mm.up.%s"
#define TN_MM_GATE "mm.gate.%s"
#define TN_MM_4H_TO_H "mm.down.%s"
#define TN_TOK_BOI "v.boi"
#define TN_TOK_EOI "v.eoi"
// hunyuanvl (shared GGUF tensor names)
#define TN_MM_PRE_NORM "mm.pre_norm.%s"
#define TN_TOK_IMG_BEGIN "mm.image_begin"
#define TN_TOK_IMG_END "mm.image_end"
// deepseek-ocr
#define TN_SAM_POS_EMBD "v.sam.pos_embd.%s"
#define TN_SAM_PATCH_EMBD "v.sam.patch_embd.%s"
#define TN_SAM_PRE_NORM "v.sam.blk.%d.pre_ln.%s"
#define TN_SAM_POST_NORM "v.sam.blk.%d.post_ln.%s"
#define TN_SAM_ATTN_POS_H "v.sam.blk.%d.attn.pos_h.%s"
#define TN_SAM_ATTN_POS_W "v.sam.blk.%d.attn.pos_w.%s"
#define TN_SAM_ATTN_QKV "v.sam.blk.%d.attn.qkv.%s"
#define TN_SAM_ATTN_OUT "v.sam.blk.%d.attn.out.%s"
#define TN_SAM_FFN_UP "v.sam.blk.%d.mlp.lin1.%s"
#define TN_SAM_FFN_DOWN "v.sam.blk.%d.mlp.lin2.%s"
#define TN_SAM_NECK "v.sam.neck.%d.%s"
#define TN_SAM_NET "v.sam.net_%d.%s"
// deepseek-ocr-2
#define TN_RESMPL_QUERY "v.resample_query_%d.%s"
// (conformer) lfm2
#define TN_PRE_ENCODE_OUT "a.pre_encode.out.%s"
#define TN_FFN_NORM "%s.blk.%d.ffn_norm.%s"
#define TN_FFN_NORM_1 "%s.blk.%d.ffn_norm_1.%s"
#define TN_FFN_UP_1 "%s.blk.%d.ffn_up_1.%s"
#define TN_FFN_DOWN_1 "%s.blk.%d.ffn_down_1.%s"
#define TN_POS_BIAS_U "%s.blk.%d.pos_bias_u"
#define TN_POS_BIAS_V "%s.blk.%d.pos_bias_v"
#define TN_NORM_CONV "%s.blk.%d.norm_conv.%s"
#define TN_LINEAR_POS "%s.blk.%d.linear_pos.%s"
#define TN_CONV_DW "%s.blk.%d.conv_dw.%s"
#define TN_CONV_NORM "%s.blk.%d.conv_norm.%s"
#define TN_CONV_PW1 "%s.blk.%d.conv_pw1.%s"
#define TN_CONV_PW2 "%s.blk.%d.conv_pw2.%s"
#define TN_INP_PROJ "a.input_projection.%s"
#define TN_CTC_OUT "a.enc_ctc_out.%s"
#define TN_CTC_OUT_MID "a.enc_ctc_out_mid.%s"
#define TN_ATTN_REL_POS_EMB "%s.blk.%d.attn_rel_pos_emb"
// qformer projector
#define TN_QF_PROJ_QUERY "%s.proj_query"
#define TN_QF_PROJ_NORM "%s.proj_norm.%s"
#define TN_QF_PROJ_LINEAR "%s.proj_linear.%s"
#define TN_QF_SELF_ATTN_Q "%s.proj_blk.%d.self_attn_q.%s"
#define TN_QF_SELF_ATTN_K "%s.proj_blk.%d.self_attn_k.%s"
#define TN_QF_SELF_ATTN_V "%s.proj_blk.%d.self_attn_v.%s"
#define TN_QF_SELF_ATTN_O "%s.proj_blk.%d.self_attn_out.%s"
#define TN_QF_SELF_ATTN_N "%s.proj_blk.%d.self_attn_norm.%s"
#define TN_QF_CROSS_ATTN_Q "%s.proj_blk.%d.cross_attn_q.%s"
#define TN_QF_CROSS_ATTN_K "%s.proj_blk.%d.cross_attn_k.%s"
#define TN_QF_CROSS_ATTN_V "%s.proj_blk.%d.cross_attn_v.%s"
#define TN_QF_CROSS_ATTN_O "%s.proj_blk.%d.cross_attn_out.%s"
#define TN_QF_CROSS_ATTN_N "%s.proj_blk.%d.cross_attn_norm.%s"
#define TN_QF_FFN_UP "%s.proj_blk.%d.ffn_up.%s"
#define TN_QF_FFN_DOWN "%s.proj_blk.%d.ffn_down.%s"
#define TN_QF_FFN_NORM "%s.proj_blk.%d.ffn_norm.%s"
// multi-projector qformer (bid => projector ID)
#define TN_MULTI_PROJ_IMG_POS "v.proj_blk.%d.img_pos"
#define TN_MULTI_PROJ_QUERY "%s.proj_blk.%d.query"
#define TN_MULTI_PROJ_LINEAR "%s.proj_blk.%d.linear.%s"
#define TN_MULTI_PROJ_NORM "%s.proj_blk.%d.norm.%s"
#define TN_MULTI_PROJ_POST_NORM "%s.proj_blk.%d.post_norm.%s"
// gemma4 audio conformer
#define TN_A_MM_INP_PROJ "mm.a.input_projection.%s"
#define TN_A_MM_SOFT_EMB_N "mm.a.soft_emb_norm.%s"
#define TN_A_INP_PROJ "a.input_projection.%s"
#define TN_A_CONV1D "a.conv1d.%d.%s"
#define TN_A_CONV1D_NORM "a.conv1d.%d.norm.%s"
#define TN_A_OUT_PROJ "a.pre_encode.out.%s"
#define TN_A_ATTN_PRE_NORM "%s.blk.%d.attn_pre_norm.%s"
#define TN_A_ATTN_POST_NORM "%s.blk.%d.attn_post_norm.%s"
#define TN_A_ATTN_K_REL "%s.blk.%d.attn_k_rel.%s"
#define TN_A_PER_DIM_SCALE "%s.blk.%d.per_dim_scale.%s"
#define TN_A_PER_DIM_K_SCALE "%s.blk.%d.per_dim_k_scale.%s"
#define TN_A_FFN_POST_NORM "%s.blk.%d.ffn_post_norm.%s"
#define TN_A_FFN_POST_NORM_1 "%s.blk.%d.ffn_post_norm_1.%s"
// mobilenetv5 (gemma3n) definitions
#define TN_MNV5_STEM_CONV "v.conv_stem.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_STEM_BIAS "v.conv_stem.conv.bias"
#define TN_MNV5_STEM_BN "v.conv_stem.bn.weight"
// Stage 0 Block (Edge Residual)
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_S0_EXP_W "v.blk.%d.%d.conv_exp.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_S0_BN1_W "v.blk.%d.%d.bn1.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_S0_PWL_W "v.blk.%d.%d.conv_pwl.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_S0_BN2_W "v.blk.%d.%d.bn2.weight"
// Stage 1+ Block (Universal Inverted Residual)
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_DW_START_W "v.blk.%d.%d.dw_start.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_DW_START_BN "v.blk.%d.%d.dw_start.bn.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_DW_MID_W "v.blk.%d.%d.dw_mid.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_DW_MID_BN "v.blk.%d.%d.dw_mid.bn.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_PW_EXP_W "v.blk.%d.%d.pw_exp.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_PW_EXP_BN "v.blk.%d.%d.pw_exp.bn.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_PW_PROJ_W "v.blk.%d.%d.pw_proj.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_PW_PROJ_BN "v.blk.%d.%d.pw_proj.bn.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_BLK_LAYER_SCALE "v.blk.%d.%d.layer_scale.gamma"
// Attention Components
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_Q_W "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.query.proj.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_K_W "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.key.proj.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_V_W "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.value.proj.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_O_W "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.output.proj.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_K_DW "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.key.down_conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_K_NORM "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.key.norm.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_V_DW "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.value.down_conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_V_NORM "v.blk.%d.%d.attn.value.norm.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_ATTN_NORM "v.blk.%d.%d.norm.weight" // Block norm used in attn blocks
// MSFA
#define TN_MNV5_MSFA_FFN_EXP_W "v.msfa.ffn.pw_exp.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_MSFA_FFN_EXP_BN "v.msfa.ffn.pw_exp.bn.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_MSFA_FFN_PROJ_W "v.msfa.ffn.pw_proj.conv.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_MSFA_FFN_PROJ_BN "v.msfa.ffn.pw_proj.bn.weight"
#define TN_MNV5_MSFA_NORM "v.msfa.norm.weight"
// gemma4
#define TN_STD_BIAS "v.std_bias"
#define TN_STD_SCALE "v.std_scale"
// yasa2
#define TN_YASA_PATCH_LN_W "v.patch_ln.weight"
#define TN_YASA_PATCH_LN_B "v.patch_ln.bias"
#define TN_YASA_BACKBONE_LN_W "v.backbone_ln.weight"
#define TN_YASA_BACKBONE_LN_B "v.backbone_ln.bias"
#define TN_YASA_POS_EMBD "v.vision_pos_embed"
#define TN_YASA_STAGE_DOWN_LN "v.stage.%d.down.ln.%s"
#define TN_YASA_STAGE_DOWN_CONV "v.stage.%d.down.conv.%s"
#define TN_YASA_STAGE_BLK "v.stage.%d.blk.%d.%s.%s"
// align x to upper multiple of n
#define CLIP_ALIGN(x, n) ((((x) + (n) - 1) / (n)) * (n))
// forward declaration
// TODO: improve this later
struct clip_ctx;
enum projector_type {
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MLP,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MLP_NORM,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_LDP,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_LDPV2,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MINICPMV,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLM_EDGE,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN2VL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN3VL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_STEP3VL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3NV,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3NA,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4V,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4A,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4UV,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4UA,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_PHI4,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_IDEFICS3,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_PIXTRAL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN25VL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_ULTRAVOX,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_INTERNVL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_LLAMA4,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN2A,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN3A,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLMA,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN25O, // will be replaced by QWEN2A or QWEN25VL depending on clip_ctx
PROJECTOR_TYPE_VOXTRAL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MERALION,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MUSIC_FLAMINGO,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_LFM2,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_KIMIVL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_PADDLEOCR,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_LIGHTONOCR,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_COGVLM,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_JANUS_PRO,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_DOTS_OCR,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_DEEPSEEKOCR,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_DEEPSEEKOCR2,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_LFM2A,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLM4V,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_YOUTUVL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_YASA2,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_KIMIK25,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_NEMOTRON_V2_VL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_HUNYUANVL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_EXAONE4_5,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MINICPMV4_6,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GRANITE_SPEECH,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_MIMOVL,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_GRANITE4_VISION,
PROJECTOR_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
};
static std::map<projector_type, std::string> PROJECTOR_TYPE_NAMES = {
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_MLP, "mlp" },
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_LDP, "ldp" },
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_LDPV2, "ldpv2"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_MINICPMV, "resampler"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLM_EDGE, "adapter"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN2VL, "qwen2vl_merger"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN25VL, "qwen2.5vl_merger"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN3VL, "qwen3vl_merger"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_STEP3VL, "step3vl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3, "gemma3"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3NV, "gemma3nv"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3NA, "gemma3na"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4V, "gemma4v"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4A, "gemma4a"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4UV, "gemma4uv"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA4UA, "gemma4ua"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_PHI4, "phi4"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_IDEFICS3, "idefics3"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_PIXTRAL, "pixtral"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_ULTRAVOX, "ultravox"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_INTERNVL, "internvl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_LLAMA4, "llama4"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN2A, "qwen2a"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN3A, "qwen3a"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLMA, "glma"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN25O, "qwen2.5o"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_VOXTRAL, "voxtral"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_MERALION, "meralion"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_MUSIC_FLAMINGO, "musicflamingo"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_LFM2, "lfm2"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_KIMIVL, "kimivl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_PADDLEOCR, "paddleocr"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_LIGHTONOCR, "lightonocr"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_COGVLM, "cogvlm"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_JANUS_PRO, "janus_pro"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_DOTS_OCR, "dots_ocr"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_DEEPSEEKOCR, "deepseekocr"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_DEEPSEEKOCR2, "deepseekocr2"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_LFM2A, "lfm2a"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLM4V, "glm4v"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_YOUTUVL, "youtuvl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_YASA2, "yasa2"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_KIMIK25, "kimik25"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_NEMOTRON_V2_VL, "nemotron_v2_vl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_EXAONE4_5, "exaone4_5"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_HUNYUANVL, "hunyuanvl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_MINICPMV4_6, "minicpmv4_6"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GRANITE_SPEECH, "granite_speech"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_MIMOVL, "mimovl"},
{ PROJECTOR_TYPE_GRANITE4_VISION, "granite4_vision"},
};
static projector_type clip_projector_type_from_string(const std::string & str) {
for (const auto & pair : PROJECTOR_TYPE_NAMES) {
if (pair.second == str) {
return pair.first;
}
}
return PROJECTOR_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
}
// RGB uint8 image
struct clip_image_u8 {
clip_image_size get_size() const {
return { nx, ny };
}
void set_size(clip_image_size size, bool is_placeholder) {
nx = size.width;
ny = size.height;
if (is_placeholder) {
buf.clear();
} else {
buf.resize((size_t) nx * (size_t) ny * 3);
}
}
void cpy_buf(const std::vector<uint8_t> & new_buf) {
buf = new_buf;
}
const std::vector<uint8_t> & get_ro_buf() const {
if (is_placeholder()) {
throw std::runtime_error("this clip_image_u8 is a placeholder");
}
return buf;
}
// note to contributors: NEVER add a get_rw_buf(), it is a DANGEROUS pattern. always use get_pixel / set_pixel for buffer manipulation
bool is_placeholder() const {
return buf.empty();
}
std::array<uint8_t, 3> get_pixel(int x, int y) const {
if (is_placeholder()) {
// return a dummy value, so that legacy code can still process image without errors
return { 0, 0, 0 };
}
int idx = (y * nx + x) * 3;
return { buf[idx], buf[idx + 1], buf[idx + 2] };
}
void set_pixel(int x, int y, const std::array<uint8_t, 3> & rgb) {
if (is_placeholder()) {
return; // no-op
}
int idx = (y * nx + x) * 3;
buf[idx] = rgb[0];
buf[idx + 1] = rgb[1];
buf[idx + 2] = rgb[2];
}
size_t n_elements() const {
return n_pixels() * 3;
}
private:
std::vector<uint8_t> buf;
int nx = 0;
int ny = 0;
size_t n_pixels() const {
return (size_t) nx * (size_t) ny;
}
};
// For images, buf.size() == nx*ny*3
// Memory layout: RGBRGBRGB...
// For seq, buf.size() == nx*ny*3*nt
// Memory layout: RGBRGB...RGBRGB... (nt times)
// For audio, only one channel is used, buf.size() == nx*ny
// nx will be n_frames and ny will be n_mel
struct clip_image_f32 {
// marks the global view in e.g., DeepSeek-OCR Models
bool add_viewsep = false;
// whether a learned newline (or EOI) token should be appended after the image (eg Granite4 Vision)
bool add_newline = false;
clip_image_size get_size() const {
return { nx_, ny_ };
}
int nx() const { return nx_; }
int ny() const { return ny_; }
void set_size(clip_image_size size, bool is_placeholder, bool is_audio) {
nx_ = size.width;
ny_ = size.height;
if (is_placeholder) {
buf.clear();
} else {
if (is_audio) {
buf.resize((size_t) nx_ * (size_t) ny_);
} else {
buf.resize((size_t) nx_ * (size_t) ny_ * 3);
}
}
}
void cpy_buf(const std::vector<float> & new_buf) {
buf = new_buf;
}
void from_u8(const clip_image_u8 & img) {
auto size = img.get_size();
nx_ = size.width;
ny_ = size.height;
if (img.is_placeholder()) {
buf.clear();
return; // no-op
}
buf.resize(img.n_elements());
const auto & u8_buf = img.get_ro_buf();
for (size_t i = 0; i < img.n_elements(); ++i) {
buf[i] = (float) u8_buf[i] / 255.0f;
}
}
size_t n_elements() const {
return n_pixels() * 3;
}
void normalize(const float mean[3], const float std[3]) {
if (is_placeholder()) {
return; // no-op
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < n_pixels(); ++i) {
buf[i * 3 + 0] = (buf[i * 3 + 0] - mean[0]) / std[0];
buf[i * 3 + 1] = (buf[i * 3 + 1] - mean[1]) / std[1];
buf[i * 3 + 2] = (buf[i * 3 + 2] - mean[2]) / std[2];
}
}
const std::vector<float> & get_ro_buf() const {
if (is_placeholder()) {
throw std::runtime_error("this clip_image_f32 is a placeholder");
}
return buf;
}
// note to contributors: NEVER add a get_rw_buf(), it is a DANGEROUS pattern
bool is_placeholder() const {
return buf.empty();
}
private:
std::vector<float> buf;
int nx_ = 0;
int ny_ = 0;
size_t n_pixels() const {
return (size_t) nx_ * (size_t) ny_;
}
};
//
// logging
//
static void clip_log_callback_default(enum ggml_log_level level, const char * text, void * user_data) {
(void) level;
(void) user_data;
fputs(text, stderr);
fflush(stderr);
}
struct clip_logger_state {
ggml_log_callback log_callback;
void * log_callback_user_data;
};
extern struct clip_logger_state g_logger_state;
static void clip_log_internal_v(enum ggml_log_level level, const char * format, va_list args) {
if (format == NULL) {
return;
}
va_list args_copy;
va_copy(args_copy, args);
char buffer[128];
int len = vsnprintf(buffer, 128, format, args);
if (len < 128) {
g_logger_state.log_callback(level, buffer, g_logger_state.log_callback_user_data);
} else {
char * buffer2 = (char *) calloc(len + 1, sizeof(char));
vsnprintf(buffer2, len + 1, format, args_copy);
buffer2[len] = 0;
g_logger_state.log_callback(level, buffer2, g_logger_state.log_callback_user_data);
free(buffer2);
}
va_end(args_copy);
}
static void clip_log_internal(enum ggml_log_level level, const char * format, ...) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, format);
clip_log_internal_v(level, format, args);
va_end(args);
}
#define LOG_TRC(...) clip_log_internal(GGML_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_DBG(...) clip_log_internal(GGML_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_INF(...) clip_log_internal(GGML_LOG_LEVEL_INFO, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_WRN(...) clip_log_internal(GGML_LOG_LEVEL_WARN, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_ERR(...) clip_log_internal(GGML_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_CNT(...) clip_log_internal(GGML_LOG_LEVEL_CONT, __VA_ARGS__)
//
// cpp wrappers
//
struct clip_image_f32_batch {
std::vector<clip_image_f32> entries;
bool is_audio = false;
clip_image_f32_batch clone() const {
clip_image_f32_batch new_batch{
/* entries */ {},
/* is_audio */ is_audio,
};
new_batch.entries.reserve(entries.size());
for (const auto & entry : entries) {
new_batch.entries.emplace_back(entry); // copy
}
return new_batch;
}
};
//
// common utils
//
#ifdef _WIN32
static std::ifstream open_ifstream_binary(const std::string & fname) {
int wlen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, fname.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);
if (!wlen) {
throw std::runtime_error("failed to convert filename to UTF-16: " + fname);
}
std::vector<wchar_t> wfname(wlen);
(void)MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, fname.c_str(), -1, wfname.data(), wlen);
return std::ifstream(wfname.data(), std::ios::binary);
}
#else
static std::ifstream open_ifstream_binary(const std::string & fname) {
return std::ifstream(fname, std::ios::binary);
}
#endif
static std::string string_format(const char * fmt, ...) {
va_list ap;
va_list ap2;
va_start(ap, fmt);
va_copy(ap2, ap);
int size = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, ap);
GGML_ASSERT(size >= 0 && size < INT_MAX); // NOLINT
std::vector<char> buf(size + 1);
int size2 = vsnprintf(buf.data(), size + 1, fmt, ap2);
GGML_ASSERT(size2 == size);
va_end(ap2);
va_end(ap);
return std::string(buf.data(), buf.size());
}
static void string_replace_all(std::string & s, const std::string & search, const std::string & replace) {
if (search.empty()) {
return;
}
std::string builder;
builder.reserve(s.length());
size_t pos = 0;
size_t last_pos = 0;
while ((pos = s.find(search, last_pos)) != std::string::npos) {
builder.append(s, last_pos, pos - last_pos);
builder.append(replace);
last_pos = pos + search.length();
}
builder.append(s, last_pos, std::string::npos);
s = std::move(builder);
}
// split string by a `std::string delim` instead of `char delim`
static std::vector<std::string> string_split_str(std::string s, const std::string & delimiter) {
std::vector<std::string> tokens;
size_t pos = 0;
std::string token;
while ((pos = s.find(delimiter)) != std::string::npos) {
token = s.substr(0, pos);
tokens.push_back(token);
s.erase(0, pos + delimiter.length());
}
tokens.push_back(s);
return tokens;
}
// remove when moving to c++20
inline bool string_starts_with(std::string_view str, std::string_view prefix) {
return str.size() >= prefix.size() &&
str.compare(0, prefix.size(), prefix) == 0;
}
// remove when moving to c++20
inline bool string_ends_with(std::string_view str, std::string_view suffix) {
return str.size() >= suffix.size() &&
str.compare(str.size() - suffix.size(), suffix.size(), suffix) == 0;
}
//
// gguf utils
//
static std::string gguf_data_to_str(enum gguf_type type, const void * data, int i) {
switch (type) {
case GGUF_TYPE_UINT8: return std::to_string(((const uint8_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_INT8: return std::to_string(((const int8_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_UINT16: return std::to_string(((const uint16_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_INT16: return std::to_string(((const int16_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_UINT32: return std::to_string(((const uint32_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_INT32: return std::to_string(((const int32_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_UINT64: return std::to_string(((const uint64_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_INT64: return std::to_string(((const int64_t *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32: return std::to_string(((const float *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT64: return std::to_string(((const double *)data)[i]);
case GGUF_TYPE_BOOL: return ((const int8_t *)data)[i] != 0 ? "true" : "false";
default: return string_format("unknown type %d", type);
}
}
static std::string gguf_kv_to_str(const struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf, int i) {
const enum gguf_type type = gguf_get_kv_type(ctx_gguf, i);
switch (type) {
case GGUF_TYPE_STRING:
return gguf_get_val_str(ctx_gguf, i);
case GGUF_TYPE_ARRAY:
{
const enum gguf_type arr_type = gguf_get_arr_type(ctx_gguf, i);
int arr_n = gguf_get_arr_n(ctx_gguf, i);
const void * data = arr_type == GGUF_TYPE_STRING ? nullptr : gguf_get_arr_data(ctx_gguf, i);
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "[";
for (int j = 0; j < arr_n; j++) {
if (arr_type == GGUF_TYPE_STRING) {
std::string val = gguf_get_arr_str(ctx_gguf, i, j);
// escape quotes
string_replace_all(val, "\\", "\\\\");
string_replace_all(val, "\"", "\\\"");
ss << '"' << val << '"';
} else if (arr_type == GGUF_TYPE_ARRAY) {
ss << "???";
} else {
ss << gguf_data_to_str(arr_type, data, j);
}
if (j < arr_n - 1) {
ss << ", ";
}
}
ss << "]";
return ss.str();
}
default:
return gguf_data_to_str(type, gguf_get_val_data(ctx_gguf, i), 0);
}
}
//
// debugging
//
static void print_tensor_shape(ggml_tensor * t) {
printf("%s.shape = [", t->name);
for (int i = 0; i < ggml_n_dims(t); ++i) {
printf("%" PRId64, t->ne[i]);
if (i < ggml_n_dims(t) - 1) {
printf(", ");
}
}
printf("]\n");
}
static void print_tensor_data(ggml_tensor * t, uint8_t * data, int64_t n) {
ggml_type type = t->type;
int64_t * ne = t->ne;
size_t * nb = t->nb;
for (int64_t i3 = 0; i3 < ne[3]; i3++) {
printf("%s.data: [\n", t->name);
for (int64_t i2 = 0; i2 < ne[2]; i2++) {
if (i2 == n && ne[2] > 2*n) {
printf(" ..., \n");
i2 = ne[2] - n;
}
printf(" [\n");
for (int64_t i1 = 0; i1 < ne[1]; i1++) {
if (i1 == n && ne[1] > 2*n) {
printf(" ..., \n");
i1 = ne[1] - n;
}
printf(" [");
for (int64_t i0 = 0; i0 < ne[0]; i0++) {
if (i0 == n && ne[0] > 2*n) {
printf("..., ");
i0 = ne[0] - n;
}
size_t i = i3 * nb[3] + i2 * nb[2] + i1 * nb[1] + i0 * nb[0];
float v;
if (type == GGML_TYPE_F16) {
v = ggml_fp16_to_fp32(*(ggml_fp16_t *) &data[i]);
} else if (type == GGML_TYPE_F32) {
v = *(float *) &data[i];
} else if (type == GGML_TYPE_I32) {
v = (float) *(int32_t *) &data[i];
} else if (type == GGML_TYPE_I16) {
v = (float) *(int16_t *) &data[i];
} else if (type == GGML_TYPE_I8) {
v = (float) *(int8_t *) &data[i];
} else {
GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
}
printf("%8.4f", v);
if (i0 < ne[0] - 1) printf(", ");
}
printf("],\n");
}
printf(" ],\n");
}
printf(" ]\n");
}
}
//
// API used internally with mtmd
//
projector_type clip_get_projector_type(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
void clip_set_debug_output_embeddings(struct clip_ctx * ctx, bool debug);
+630
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,630 @@
#pragma once
#include "ggml.h"
#include "clip.h"
#include "clip-impl.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cmath>
enum ffn_op_type {
FFN_GELU,
FFN_GELU_ERF,
FFN_SILU,
FFN_GELU_QUICK,
FFN_RELU_SQR,
};
enum norm_type {
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
NORM_TYPE_RMS,
};
enum patch_merge_type {
PATCH_MERGE_FLAT,
PATCH_MERGE_SPATIAL_UNPAD,
};
enum resize_algo {
RESIZE_ALGO_BILINEAR, // stretch to target resolution
RESIZE_ALGO_BICUBIC, // center-crop when aspect ratio doesn't match
RESIZE_ALGO_BICUBIC_PILLOW,
// RESIZE_ALGO_LANCZOS, // TODO
};
// Padding style for img_tool::resize
// PAD_NONE - no padding; direct resize to target dimensions
// PAD_CEIL - aspect-preserving pad (default)
// PAD_NEAREST - aspect-preserving pad with nearest-integer rounding (Pillow byte-parity)
enum pad_style {
PAD_NONE,
PAD_CEIL,
PAD_NEAREST,
};
struct clip_hparams {
int32_t image_size = 0;
int32_t patch_size = 0;
int32_t n_embd = 0;
int32_t n_ff = 0;
int32_t projection_dim = 0;
int32_t n_head = 0;
int32_t n_head_kv = 0;
int32_t n_layer = 0;
int32_t n_merge = 1; // number of patch merges **per-side**
// for preprocessor
int32_t image_longest_edge = 0;
int32_t image_min_pixels = -1;
int32_t image_max_pixels = -1;
resize_algo image_resize_algo = RESIZE_ALGO_BICUBIC;
pad_style image_resize_pad = PAD_CEIL; // padding style when resizing
std::array<uint8_t, 3> image_pad_color = {0, 0, 0};
// (preprocessor) for llava-uhd style models
std::vector<clip_image_size> image_res_candidates;
int32_t preproc_min_tiles = 0;
int32_t preproc_max_tiles = 0;
int32_t preproc_tile_size = 0; // local tile size (deepseek-ocr)
resize_algo image_resize_algo_rf = RESIZE_ALGO_BICUBIC;
resize_algo image_resize_algo_ov = RESIZE_ALGO_BILINEAR;
pad_style image_pad_rf = PAD_CEIL; // padding style for the refined image (e.g. llava-1.6)
pad_style image_pad_ov = PAD_NONE; // padding style for the overview image (e.g. llava-1.6)
std::array<uint8_t, 3> image_pad_color_rf = {0, 0, 0}; // padding color for refined image
std::array<uint8_t, 3> image_pad_color_ov = {0, 0, 0}; // padding color for overview image
float image_mean[3];
float image_std[3];
// for models using dynamic image size, we need to have a smaller image size to warmup
// otherwise, user will get OOM every time they load the model
int32_t warmup_image_size = 0;
int32_t warmup_audio_size = 3000;
ffn_op_type ffn_op = FFN_GELU;
patch_merge_type mm_patch_merge_type = PATCH_MERGE_FLAT;
float eps = 1e-6;
float rope_theta = 0.0;
std::vector<int32_t> feature_layers;
int32_t attn_window_size = 0;
int32_t n_wa_pattern = 0;
std::unordered_set<int32_t> wa_layer_indexes; // explicit layer indexes that use full attention (for irregular patterns like YoutuVL)
std::vector<int32_t> wa_pattern_mode; // mimovl: per-layer window-attention mode
// deepseek-ocr (sam)
int32_t sam_n_layer = 0;
int32_t sam_n_head = 0;
int32_t sam_n_embd = 0;
// Granite4 Vision
std::vector<int32_t> proj_spatial_offsets;
int32_t downsample_query_side;
int32_t downsample_window_side;
// audio
int32_t n_mel_bins = 0; // whisper preprocessor
int32_t proj_stack_factor = 0; // ultravox
int32_t audio_chunk_size = 0;
int32_t audio_conv_kernel_size = 0;
int32_t audio_max_pos_emb = 0;
int32_t audio_proj_window_size = 0;
int32_t audio_proj_downsample_rate = 0;
int32_t audio_proj_head_count = 0;
// audio-to-mel preprocessor params
int32_t audio_chunk_len = -1; // in seconds
int32_t audio_sample_rate = -1;
int32_t audio_n_fft = -1;
int32_t audio_window_len = -1;
int32_t audio_hop_len = -1;
// legacy
bool has_llava_projector = false;
int minicpmv_version = 0;
int32_t minicpmv_query_num = 0; // MiniCPM-V query number
int32_t insert_layer_id = 0; // MiniCPM-V 4.6 ViT merger insertion layer
// custom value provided by user, can be undefined if not set
int32_t custom_image_min_tokens = -1;
int32_t custom_image_max_tokens = -1;
void set_limit_image_tokens(int n_tokens_min, int n_tokens_max) {
const int patch_area = patch_size * patch_size * n_merge * n_merge;
image_min_pixels = (custom_image_min_tokens > 0 ? custom_image_min_tokens : n_tokens_min) * patch_area;
image_max_pixels = (custom_image_max_tokens > 0 ? custom_image_max_tokens : n_tokens_max) * patch_area;
warmup_image_size = static_cast<int>(std::sqrt(image_max_pixels));
}
void set_warmup_n_tokens(int n_tokens) {
int n_tok_per_side = static_cast<int>(std::sqrt(n_tokens));
GGML_ASSERT(n_tok_per_side * n_tok_per_side == n_tokens && "n_tokens must be n*n");
warmup_image_size = n_tok_per_side * patch_size * n_merge;
// TODO: support warmup size for custom token numbers
}
// sam vit deepseek-ocr
std::vector<int32_t> global_attn_indices() const {
return { 2, 5, 8, 11 };
}
bool is_global_attn(int32_t layer) const {
const auto indices = global_attn_indices();
for (const auto & idx : indices) {
if (layer == idx) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool is_feature_layer(int32_t layer) const {
return std::find(feature_layers.begin(), feature_layers.end(), layer) != feature_layers.end();
}
};
struct clip_layer {
// layernorm 1 (or layer input norm, or pre-attention norm)
ggml_tensor * ln_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ln_1_b = nullptr;
// attention
ggml_tensor * k_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * k_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * q_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * q_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * v_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * v_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qkv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qkv_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * o_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * o_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_sinks = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * k_norm = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * q_norm = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_post_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_up_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_up_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_gate_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_gate_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_down_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_down_b = nullptr;
// layernorm 2 (or pre-FFN norm)
ggml_tensor * ln_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ln_2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_post_norm_w = nullptr;
// layer scale (no bias)
ggml_tensor * ls_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ls_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ls_out_w = nullptr; // gemma4
// qwen3vl deepstack merger
ggml_tensor * deepstack_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * deepstack_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * deepstack_fc1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * deepstack_fc1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * deepstack_fc2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * deepstack_fc2_b = nullptr;
// sam rel_pos
ggml_tensor * rel_pos_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * rel_pos_h = nullptr;
// lfm2
ggml_tensor * ff_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_norm_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_norm_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_up_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_up_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_down_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_down_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pos_bias_u = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pos_bias_v = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * norm_conv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * norm_conv_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * linear_pos_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_dw_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_dw_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_pw1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_pw1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_pw2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_pw2_b = nullptr;
// gemma4 audio conformer per-layer
ggml_tensor * attn_pre_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_k_rel_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * per_dim_scale_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * per_dim_k_scale_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ff_post_norm_1_w = nullptr;
// granite_speech conformer per-layer
ggml_tensor * attn_rel_pos_emb = nullptr;
// granite_speech qformer cross-attention
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_q_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_q_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_k_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_k_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_v_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_v_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_o_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_o_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * cross_attn_norm_b = nullptr;
bool has_deepstack() const {
return deepstack_fc1_w != nullptr;
}
};
// Expanded MobileNetV5 block structure for Gemma3n vision encoder
struct mobilenetv5_block {
// Stage 0 (Edge Residual)
ggml_tensor * s0_conv_exp_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * s0_bn1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * s0_conv_pwl_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * s0_bn2_w = nullptr;
// Stage 1+ (Universal Inverted Residual)
ggml_tensor * dw_start_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * dw_start_bn_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw_exp_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw_exp_bn_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * dw_mid_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * dw_mid_bn_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw_proj_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw_proj_bn_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * layer_scale_w = nullptr;
// Attention (MQA) components
ggml_tensor * attn_q_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_k_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_v_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_o_w = nullptr;
// Optional downsampling/norm in attention
ggml_tensor * attn_k_dw_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_k_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_v_dw_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * attn_v_norm_w = nullptr;
// Block norm (often present in attention blocks)
ggml_tensor * attn_norm_w = nullptr;
};
struct yasa2_block {
ggml_tensor * dw_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * dw_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ln_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ln_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * grn_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * grn_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pw2_b = nullptr;
};
struct yasa2_stage {
ggml_tensor * down_ln_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * down_ln_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * down_conv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * down_conv_b = nullptr;
std::vector<yasa2_block> blocks;
};
// QFormer projector block for models with 1 (or more) QFormer projectors
// Granite Speech, Granite4 Vision
struct qf_block {
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_query = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_linear_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_linear_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_post_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_post_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * qf_proj_img_pos = nullptr; // Vision only
std::vector<clip_layer> qf_proj_layers;
};
struct clip_model {
clip_modality modality = CLIP_MODALITY_VISION;
projector_type proj_type = PROJECTOR_TYPE_MLP;
clip_hparams hparams;
// embeddings
ggml_tensor * class_embedding = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_embeddings_0 = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_embeddings_1 = nullptr; // second Conv2D kernel when we decouple Conv3D along temporal dimension (Qwen2VL)
ggml_tensor * patch_bias = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * position_embeddings = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * norm_embd_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * norm_embd_b = nullptr;
// "indexed" patch embedding norms
ggml_tensor * patch_norm_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_norm_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_norm_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_norm_2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_norm_3_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_norm_3_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pre_ln_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pre_ln_b = nullptr;
std::vector<clip_layer> layers;
int32_t n_deepstack_layers = 0; // used by Qwen3-VL, calculated from clip_layer
ggml_tensor * post_ln_w;
ggml_tensor * post_ln_b;
ggml_tensor * mm_fc_w;
ggml_tensor * mm_fc_b;
ggml_tensor * mm_ffn_up_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_ffn_up_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_ffn_gate_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_ffn_gate_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_ffn_down_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_ffn_down_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_post_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_post_norm_b = nullptr;
// LLaVA projection
ggml_tensor * mm_input_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_input_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_0_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * image_newline = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * view_seperator = nullptr;
// Yi type models with mlp+normalization projection
ggml_tensor * mm_1_w = nullptr; // Yi type models have 0, 1, 3, 4
ggml_tensor * mm_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_3_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_3_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_4_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_4_b = nullptr;
// GLMV-Edge projection
ggml_tensor * mm_model_adapter_conv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_adapter_conv_b = nullptr;
// MobileVLM projection
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_3_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_3_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_0_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_0_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_0_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_2_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_2_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_1_block_2_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_0_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_0_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_0_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_2_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_2_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_block_2_block_2_1_b = nullptr;
// MobileVLM_V2 projection
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_0_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_mlp_2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_peg_0_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_peg_0_b = nullptr;
// MINICPMV projection
ggml_tensor * mm_model_pos_embed_k = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_query = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_proj = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_proj_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_kv_proj = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_q_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_q_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_k_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_k_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_v_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_v_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_o_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_attn_o_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_ln_q_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_ln_q_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_ln_kv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_ln_kv_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_ln_post_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_model_ln_post_b = nullptr;
// MiniCPM-V 4.6 ViT merger (window self-attention + ViT MLP downsample)
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ln1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ln1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_q_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_q_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_k_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_k_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_v_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_v_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_o_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_attn_o_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_ln_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_ln_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_up_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_up_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_down_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_down_b = nullptr;
// gemma3
ggml_tensor * mm_input_proj_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_soft_emb_norm_w = nullptr;
// mobilenetv5 for gemma3n
std::vector<mobilenetv5_block> mobilenet_blocks;
std::vector<int> mobilenet_stage_ends;
ggml_tensor * mobilenet_stem_conv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mobilenet_stem_conv_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mobilenet_stem_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_post_proj_norm_w = nullptr;
// Multi-Scale Fusion Adapter (MSFA) components
ggml_tensor * msfa_concat_conv_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * msfa_concat_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * msfa_ffn_expand_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * msfa_ffn_project_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * msfa_ffn_expand_bn = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * msfa_ffn_project_bn = nullptr;
// yasa2
ggml_tensor * yasa_patch_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * yasa_patch_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * yasa_patch_ln_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * yasa_patch_ln_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * yasa_backbone_ln_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * yasa_backbone_ln_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * yasa_vision_pos_embed = nullptr;
std::vector<yasa2_stage> yasa_stages;
// pixtral, glm4v
ggml_tensor * token_embd_img_break = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_patch_merger_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_patch_merger_b = nullptr;
// ultravox / whisper encoder
ggml_tensor * conv1d_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv1d_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv1d_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv1d_2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_out_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv_out_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_norm_pre_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_norm_pre_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_norm_mid_w = nullptr;
// qwen3a
ggml_tensor * conv2d_1_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv2d_1_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv2d_2_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv2d_2_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv2d_3_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * conv2d_3_b = nullptr;
// cogvlm
ggml_tensor * mm_post_fc_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_post_fc_norm_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_h_to_4h_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_gate_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_4h_to_h_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_boi = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_eoi = nullptr;
// hunyuanvl perceiver
ggml_tensor * mm_pre_norm_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_img_begin = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * mm_img_end = nullptr;
// deepseek ocr sam
ggml_tensor * patch_embed_proj_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * patch_embed_proj_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pos_embed = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * neck_0_w;
ggml_tensor * neck_1_w;
ggml_tensor * neck_1_b;
ggml_tensor * neck_2_w;
ggml_tensor * neck_3_w;
ggml_tensor * neck_3_b;
ggml_tensor * net_2;
ggml_tensor * net_3;
int32_t n_sam_layers = 12; // used by deepseek-ocr sam encoder
std::vector<clip_layer> sam_layers;
// deepseek-ocr-2
ggml_tensor * resample_query_768 = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * resample_query_1024 = nullptr;
// lfm2 audio
std::array<ggml_tensor *, 7> pre_encode_conv_X_w = {nullptr};
std::array<ggml_tensor *, 7> pre_encode_conv_X_b = {nullptr};
ggml_tensor * pre_encode_out_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * pre_encode_out_b = nullptr;
// gemma4
ggml_tensor * std_bias = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * std_scale = nullptr;
// Gemma4ClippableLinear
struct clamp_info {
float inp_max;
float inp_min;
float out_max;
float out_min;
};
std::map<std::string, clamp_info> clamp_info_map;
// gemma4 audio conformer
std::array<ggml_tensor *, 2> sscp_conv_w = {nullptr};
std::array<ggml_tensor *, 2> sscp_conv_b = {nullptr};
std::array<ggml_tensor *, 2> sscp_norm_w = {nullptr};
ggml_tensor * sscp_inp_proj_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * sscp_inp_proj_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * audio_out_proj_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * audio_out_proj_b = nullptr;
// granite_speech encoder
ggml_tensor * inp_proj_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * inp_proj_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ctc_out_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ctc_out_b = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ctc_out_mid_w = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * ctc_out_mid_b = nullptr;
// qformer projector(s)
std::vector<qf_block> qf_proj_blocks;
bool audio_has_avgpool() const {
return proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN2A
|| proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_VOXTRAL
|| proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MUSIC_FLAMINGO;
}
bool audio_has_stack_frames() const {
return proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_ULTRAVOX
|| proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_VOXTRAL
|| proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MERALION;
}
};
const clip_hparams * clip_get_hparams(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
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#pragma once
#include "ggml.h"
#include "mtmd.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <map>
// !!! Internal header, to be used by mtmd only !!!
#define MTMD_INTERNAL_HEADER
struct clip_ctx;
struct clip_image_size {
int width;
int height;
bool operator==(const clip_image_size & other) const {
return width == other.width && height == other.height;
}
bool operator!=(const clip_image_size & other) const {
return !(*this == other);
}
int area() const {
// avoid overflow when computing area
GGML_ASSERT(width >= 0 && width <= 46000);
GGML_ASSERT(height >= 0 && height <= 46000);
return width * height;
}
};
struct clip_image_f32;
struct clip_image_f32_batch;
enum clip_modality {
CLIP_MODALITY_VISION,
CLIP_MODALITY_AUDIO,
};
enum clip_flash_attn_type {
CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_AUTO = -1,
CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_DISABLED = 0,
CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED = 1,
};
struct clip_context_params {
bool use_gpu;
enum clip_flash_attn_type flash_attn_type;
int image_min_tokens;
int image_max_tokens;
bool warmup;
ggml_backend_sched_eval_callback cb_eval;
void * cb_eval_user_data;
bool no_alloc;
mtmd_progress_callback progress_callback;
void * progress_callback_user_data;
};
struct clip_init_result {
struct clip_ctx * ctx_v; // vision context
struct clip_ctx * ctx_a; // audio context
};
struct clip_init_result clip_init(const char * fname, struct clip_context_params ctx_params);
void clip_free(struct clip_ctx * ctx);
// TODO: should be enum, not string
const char * clip_patch_merge_type(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
int clip_n_output_tokens(const clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 * img);
// for M-RoPE, this will be the number of token positions in X and Y directions
// for other models, X will be the total number of tokens and Y will be 1
int clip_n_output_tokens_x(const clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 * img);
int clip_n_output_tokens_y(const clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 * img);
// this should be equal to the embedding dimension of the text model
int clip_n_mmproj_embd(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
// TODO: remove clip_image_encode() and always use batched version
bool clip_image_encode (struct clip_ctx * ctx, int n_threads, const clip_image_f32 * img, std::vector<float> & out_vec);
bool clip_image_batch_encode(struct clip_ctx * ctx, int n_threads, const struct clip_image_f32_batch * imgs, std::vector<float> & out_batch_embd);
bool clip_is_llava(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
// note for contributor: this clip_is_(model) pattern is deprecated
// do NOT add new functions like this
bool clip_has_vision_encoder(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
bool clip_has_audio_encoder(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
bool clip_support_batch(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
int clip_model_n_temporal_merge(const struct clip_ctx * ctx); // TODO @ngxson : remove, refactor this
std::map<ggml_backend_dev_t, size_t> clip_get_mem_usage(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
struct clip_cap {
bool has_vision;
bool has_audio;
};
struct clip_cap clip_get_cap(const char * fname);
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#include "mtmd-debug.h"
#include "arg.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include "ggml.h"
#include "mtmd.h"
#include "mtmd-helper.h"
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <limits.h>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <clocale>
// INTERNAL TOOL FOR DEBUGGING PURPOSES ONLY
// NOT INTENDED FOR PUBLIC USE
static void show_additional_info(int /*argc*/, char ** argv) {
LOG(
"Internal debugging tool for mtmd; See mtmd-debug.md for the pytorch equivalent code\n"
"Note: we repurpose some args from other examples, they will have different meaning here\n"
"\n"
"Usage: %s -m <model> --mmproj <mmproj> -p <mode> -n <size> --image <image> --audio <audio>\n"
"\n"
" -n <size>: number of pixels per edge for image (always square image), or number of samples for audio\n"
"\n"
" -p \"encode\" (debugging encode pass, default case):\n"
" --image can be:\n"
" \"white\", \"black\", \"gray\": filled 1.0f, 0.0f and 0.5f respectively\n"
" \"red\", \"green\", \"blue\": filled with respective colors\n"
" \"cb\": checkerboard pattern, alternate 1.0f and 0.0f\n"
" \"rainbow\": raspberry-pi-like rainbow pattern\n"
" --audio can be:\n"
" \"one\", \"zero\", \"half\": filled 1.0f, 0.0f and 0.5f respectively\n"
" \"1010\": checkerboard pattern, alternate 1.0f and 0.0f\n"
"\n"
" -p \"preproc\" (debugging preprocessing pass):\n"
" --image can be:\n"
" \"white\", \"black\", \"gray\": filled image with respective colors\n"
" \"cb\": checkerboard pattern\n"
" --audio can be:\n"
" \"one\", \"zero\", \"half\": filled 1.0f, 0.0f and 0.5f respectively\n"
" \"440\": sine wave with 440 Hz frequency\n"
"\n",
argv[0]
);
}
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
ggml_time_init();
common_params params;
common_init();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_MTMD, show_additional_info)) {
return 1;
}
mtmd_helper_log_set(common_log_default_callback, nullptr);
if (params.mmproj.path.empty()) {
show_additional_info(argc, argv);
LOG_ERR("ERR: Missing --mmproj argument\n");
return 1;
}
ggml_backend_load_all();
LOG_INF("%s: loading model: %s\n", __func__, params.model.path.c_str());
mtmd::context_ptr ctx_mtmd;
common_init_result_ptr llama_init;
common_debug_cb_user_data cb_data;
llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);
{
auto * model = llama_init->model();
const char * clip_path = params.mmproj.path.c_str();
mtmd_context_params mparams = mtmd_context_params_default();
mparams.use_gpu = params.mmproj_use_gpu;
mparams.print_timings = true;
mparams.n_threads = params.cpuparams.n_threads;
mparams.flash_attn_type = params.flash_attn_type;
mparams.warmup = params.warmup;
mparams.image_min_tokens = params.image_min_tokens;
mparams.image_max_tokens = params.image_max_tokens;
{
// always enable debug callback
mparams.cb_eval_user_data = &cb_data;
mparams.cb_eval = common_debug_cb_eval;
}
ctx_mtmd.reset(mtmd_init_from_file(clip_path, model, mparams));
if (!ctx_mtmd.get()) {
LOG_ERR("Failed to load vision model from %s\n", clip_path);
exit(1);
}
}
std::string input;
int32_t inp_size = params.n_predict;
if (params.image.empty()) {
LOG_ERR("ERR: At least one of --image or --audio must be specified\n");
return 1;
}
if (inp_size <= 0) {
LOG_ERR("ERR: Invalid size specified with -n, must be greater than 0\n");
return 1;
}
input = params.image[0];
if (params.prompt.empty() || params.prompt == "encode") {
std::vector<std::vector<float>> image;
std::vector<float> samples;
if (input == "black") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.0f);
image.push_back(row);
}
} else if (input == "white") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 1.0f);
image.push_back(row);
}
} else if (input == "gray") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.5f);
image.push_back(row);
}
} else if (input == "cb") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.0f);
image.push_back(row);
}
for (int y = 0; y < inp_size; ++y) {
for (int x = 0; x < inp_size; ++x) {
float v = ((x + y) % 2) ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
image[y][x * 3 + 0] = v;
image[y][x * 3 + 1] = v;
image[y][x * 3 + 2] = v;
}
}
} else if (input == "red") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.0f);
for (int j = 0; j < inp_size; ++j) {
row[j * 3 + 0] = 1.0f; // R channel
}
image.push_back(row);
}
} else if (input == "green") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.0f);
for (int j = 0; j < inp_size; ++j) {
row[j * 3 + 1] = 1.0f; // G channel
}
image.push_back(row);
}
} else if (input == "blue") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
auto row = std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.0f);
for (int j = 0; j < inp_size; ++j) {
row[j * 3 + 2] = 1.0f; // B channel
}
image.push_back(row);
}
} else if (input == "rainbow") {
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
image.push_back(std::vector<float>(inp_size * 3, 0.0f));
}
float cx = inp_size / 2.0f;
float cy = inp_size / 2.0f;
float max_dist = std::sqrt(cx * cx + cy * cy);
for (int y = 0; y < inp_size; ++y) {
for (int x = 0; x < inp_size; ++x) {
float dx = x - cx;
float dy = y - cy;
float hue = std::atan2(dy, dx) / (2.0f * 3.14159265f);
if (hue < 0) hue += 1.0f;
float sat = std::sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) / max_dist;
if (sat > 1.0f) sat = 1.0f;
float h6 = hue * 6.0f;
int i6 = (int)h6;
float f = h6 - i6;
float p = 1.0f - sat;
float q = 1.0f - sat * f;
float t = 1.0f - sat * (1.0f - f);
float r, g, b;
switch (i6 % 6) {
case 0: r=1; g=t; b=p; break;
case 1: r=q; g=1; b=p; break;
case 2: r=p; g=1; b=t; break;
case 3: r=p; g=q; b=1; break;
case 4: r=t; g=p; b=1; break;
default: r=1; g=p; b=q; break;
}
image[y][x * 3 + 0] = r;
image[y][x * 3 + 1] = g;
image[y][x * 3 + 2] = b;
}
}
} else if (input == "one") {
samples = std::vector<float>(inp_size, 1.0f);
} else if (input == "zero") {
samples = std::vector<float>(inp_size, 0.0f);
} else if (input == "half") {
samples = std::vector<float>(inp_size, 0.5f);
} else if (input == "1010") {
samples.resize(inp_size);
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
samples[i] = (i % 2) ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
}
} else {
LOG_ERR("ERR: Invalid input specified with --image/--audio\n");
show_additional_info(argc, argv);
return 1;
}
// run encode pass
LOG_INF("Running encode pass for input type: %s\n", input.c_str());
if (samples.size() > 0) {
LOG_INF("Input audio with %zu samples, type: %s\n", samples.size(), input.c_str());
mtmd_debug_encode_audio(ctx_mtmd.get(), samples);
} else {
LOG_INF("Input image with dimensions %d x %d, type: %s\n", inp_size, inp_size, input.c_str());
mtmd_debug_encode_image(ctx_mtmd.get(), image);
}
} else if (params.prompt == "preproc") {
std::vector<uint8_t> rgb_values;
std::vector<float> pcm_samples;
if (input == "black") {
rgb_values = std::vector<uint8_t>(inp_size * inp_size * 3, 0);
} else if (input == "white") {
rgb_values = std::vector<uint8_t>(inp_size * inp_size * 3, 255);
} else if (input == "gray") {
rgb_values = std::vector<uint8_t>(inp_size * inp_size * 3, 128);
} else if (input == "cb") {
rgb_values.resize(inp_size * inp_size * 3);
for (int y = 0; y < inp_size; ++y) {
for (int x = 0; x < inp_size; ++x) {
uint8_t v = ((x + y) % 2) ? 0 : 255;
rgb_values[(y * inp_size + x) * 3 + 0] = v;
rgb_values[(y * inp_size + x) * 3 + 1] = v;
rgb_values[(y * inp_size + x) * 3 + 2] = v;
}
}
} else if (input == "one") {
pcm_samples = std::vector<float>(inp_size, 1.0f);
} else if (input == "zero") {
pcm_samples = std::vector<float>(inp_size, 0.0f);
} else if (input == "half") {
pcm_samples = std::vector<float>(inp_size, 0.5f);
} else if (input == "440") {
pcm_samples.resize(inp_size);
float freq = 440.0f;
float sample_rate = mtmd_get_audio_sample_rate(ctx_mtmd.get());
float pi = 3.14159265f;
for (int i = 0; i < inp_size; ++i) {
pcm_samples[i] = sinf(2 * pi * freq * i / sample_rate);
}
} else {
LOG_ERR("ERR: Invalid input specified with --image/--audio\n");
show_additional_info(argc, argv);
return 1;
}
// run preprocessing pass
LOG_INF("Running preprocessing pass for input type: %s\n", input.c_str());
if (pcm_samples.size() > 0) {
LOG_INF("Input audio with %zu samples, type: %s\n", pcm_samples.size(), input.c_str());
mtmd_debug_preprocess_audio(ctx_mtmd.get(), pcm_samples);
} else {
LOG_INF("Input image with dimensions %d x %d, type: %s\n", inp_size, inp_size, input.c_str());
mtmd_debug_preprocess_image(ctx_mtmd.get(), rgb_values, inp_size, inp_size);
}
} else {
LOG_ERR("ERR: Invalid mode specified with -p\n");
show_additional_info(argc, argv);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
+17
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@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
#pragma once
#include "mtmd.h"
#include <vector>
// INTERNAL HEADER FOR DEBUGGING PURPOSES ONLY
// NOT INTENDED FOR PUBLIC USE
// Do not raise issues related to this debugging API
// encode take the pre-processed f32 values, print the intermidiate values via cb_eval callback
MTMD_API void mtmd_debug_encode_image(mtmd_context * ctx, const std::vector<std::vector<float>> & image);
MTMD_API void mtmd_debug_encode_audio(mtmd_context * ctx, const std::vector<float> & input); // will be broadcasted to fit n_mel
// preprocess take the raw input values
MTMD_API void mtmd_debug_preprocess_image(mtmd_context * ctx, const std::vector<uint8_t> & rgb_values, int nx, int ny);
MTMD_API void mtmd_debug_preprocess_audio(mtmd_context * ctx, const std::vector<float> & pcm_samples);
+62
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@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
# mtmd-debug
## Debugging encode pass
Example of debugging an input gray image (raw, not preprocessed):
```py
from transformers import AutoModel
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(...)
def test_vision():
img_size = 896 # number of patches per side
pixel_values = torch.zeros(1, 3, img_size, img_size) + 0.5 # gray image
with torch.no_grad():
outputs = model.model.get_image_features(pixel_values=pixel_values)
print("last_hidden_state shape:", outputs.last_hidden_state.shape)
print("last_hidden_state:", outputs.last_hidden_state)
test_vision()
```
Example of debugging a rainbow image:
```py
import torch
import math
def make_rainbow(img_size):
cx, cy = img_size / 2.0, img_size / 2.0
max_dist = math.sqrt(cx * cx + cy * cy)
img = torch.zeros(1, 3, img_size, img_size)
for y in range(img_size):
for x in range(img_size):
dx, dy = x - cx, y - cy
hue = math.atan2(dy, dx) / (2 * math.pi)
if hue < 0:
hue += 1
sat = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) / max_dist
sat = min(sat, 1.0)
h6 = hue * 6
i6 = int(h6)
f = h6 - i6
p = 1 - sat
q = 1 - sat * f
t = 1 - sat * (1 - f)
rgb = [(1,t,p),(q,1,p),(p,1,t),(p,q,1),(t,p,1),(1,p,q)][i6 % 6]
img[0, 0, y, x] = rgb[0]
img[0, 1, y, x] = rgb[1]
img[0, 2, y, x] = rgb[2]
return img
img_size = 896
pixel_values = make_rainbow(img_size)
with torch.no_grad():
outputs = model.model.get_image_features(pixel_values=pixel_values)
print("last_hidden_state:", outputs.last_hidden_state)
```
## Debugging preprocess pass
(TODO)
+25
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@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
#include <clocale>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
std::string filename = "main";
if (argc >= 1) {
filename = argv[0];
}
// Get only the program name from the full path
size_t pos = filename.find_last_of("/\\");
if (pos != std::string::npos) {
filename = filename.substr(pos+1);
}
fprintf(stdout, "\n");
fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: The binary '%s' is deprecated.\n", filename.c_str());
fprintf(stdout, "Please use 'llama-mtmd-cli' instead.\n");
fprintf(stdout, "\n");
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
import argparse
import os
import json
import re
import torch
import numpy as np
from gguf import *
from transformers import CLIPModel, CLIPProcessor, CLIPVisionModel, SiglipVisionModel
TEXT = "clip.text"
VISION = "clip.vision"
def k(raw_key: str, arch: str) -> str:
return raw_key.format(arch=arch)
def should_skip_tensor(name: str, has_text: bool, has_vision: bool, has_llava: bool) -> bool:
if name in (
"logit_scale",
"text_model.embeddings.position_ids",
"vision_model.embeddings.position_ids",
):
return True
if has_llava and name in ["visual_projection.weight", "vision_model.post_layernorm.weight", "vision_model.post_layernorm.bias"]:
return True
if name.startswith("v") and not has_vision:
return True
if name.startswith("t") and not has_text:
return True
return False
def get_tensor_name(name: str) -> str:
# Standardize the transformers llava next keys for
# image newline / mm projector with the classes in haotian-liu LLaVA
if name == "image_newline":
return "model.image_newline"
if name.startswith("multi_modal_projector"):
name = name.replace("multi_modal_projector", "mm")
if "linear_1" in name:
name = name.replace("linear_1", "0")
if "linear_2" in name:
name = name.replace("linear_2", "2")
return name
if "projection" in name:
return name
if "mm_projector" in name:
name = name.replace("model.mm_projector", "mm")
name = re.sub(r'mm\.mlp\.mlp', 'mm.model.mlp', name, count=1)
name = re.sub(r'mm\.peg\.peg', 'mm.model.peg', name, count=1)
return name
return name.replace("text_model", "t").replace("vision_model", "v").replace("encoder.layers", "blk").replace("embeddings.", "").replace("_proj", "").replace("self_attn.", "attn_").replace("layer_norm", "ln").replace("layernorm", "ln").replace("mlp.fc1", "ffn_down").replace("mlp.fc2", "ffn_up").replace("embedding", "embd").replace("final", "post").replace("layrnorm", "ln")
def bytes_to_unicode():
"""
Returns list of utf-8 byte and a corresponding list of unicode strings.
The reversible bpe codes work on unicode strings.
This means you need a large # of unicode characters in your vocab if you want to avoid UNKs.
When you're at something like a 10B token dataset you end up needing around 5K for decent coverage.
This is a significant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
To avoid that, we want lookup tables between utf-8 bytes and unicode strings.
And avoids mapping to whitespace/control characters the bpe code barfs on.
"""
bs = (
list(range(ord("!"), ord("~") + 1))
+ list(range(ord("¡"), ord("¬") + 1))
+ list(range(ord("®"), ord("ÿ") + 1))
)
cs = bs[:]
n = 0
for b in range(2**8):
if b not in bs:
bs.append(b)
cs.append(2**8 + n)
n += 1
cs = [chr(n) for n in cs]
return dict(zip(bs, cs))
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model-dir", help="Path to model directory cloned from HF Hub", required=True)
ap.add_argument("--use-f32", action="store_true", default=False, help="Use f32 instead of f16")
ap.add_argument('--bigendian', action="store_true", default=False, help="Model is executed on big-endian machine")
ap.add_argument("--text-only", action="store_true", required=False,
help="Save a text-only model. It can't be used to encode images")
ap.add_argument("--vision-only", action="store_true", required=False,
help="Save a vision-only model. It can't be used to encode texts")
ap.add_argument("--clip-model-is-vision", action="store_true", required=False,
help="The clip model is a pure vision model (ShareGPT4V vision extract for example)")
# Selectable visual encoders that are compatible with this script
encoder_group = ap.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
encoder_group.add_argument("--clip-model-is-openclip", action="store_true", required=False,
help="The clip model is from openclip (for ViT-SO400M type))")
encoder_group.add_argument("--clip-model-is-siglip", action="store_true", required=False,
help="the visual encoder is Siglip.")
ap.add_argument("--llava-projector", help="Path to llava.projector file. If specified, save an image encoder for LLaVA models.")
ap.add_argument("--projector-type", help="Type of projector. Possible values: mlp, ldp, ldpv2", choices=["mlp", "ldp", "ldpv2"], default="mlp")
ap.add_argument("-o", "--output-dir", help="Directory to save GGUF files. Default is the original model directory", default=None)
# Example --image_mean 0.48145466 0.4578275 0.40821073 --image_std 0.26862954 0.26130258 0.27577711
# Example --image_mean 0.5 0.5 0.5 --image_std 0.5 0.5 0.5
default_image_mean = [0.48145466, 0.4578275, 0.40821073]
default_image_std = [0.26862954, 0.26130258, 0.27577711]
ap.add_argument('--image-mean', type=float, nargs='+', help='Mean of the images for normalization (overrides processor) ', default=None)
ap.add_argument('--image-std', type=float, nargs='+', help='Standard deviation of the images for normalization (overrides processor)', default=None)
# with proper
args = ap.parse_args()
if args.text_only and args.vision_only:
print("--text-only and --image-only arguments cannot be specified at the same time.")
exit(1)
if args.use_f32:
print("WARNING: Weights for the convolution op is always saved in f16, as the convolution op in GGML does not support 32-bit kernel weights yet.")
# output in the same directory as the model if output_dir is None
dir_model = args.model_dir
if (
args.clip_model_is_vision or
not os.path.exists(dir_model + "/vocab.json") or
args.clip_model_is_openclip or
args.clip_model_is_siglip
):
vocab = None
tokens = None
else:
with open(dir_model + "/vocab.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
vocab = json.load(f)
tokens = [key for key in vocab]
with open(dir_model + "/config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
config = json.load(f)
if args.clip_model_is_vision:
v_hparams = config
t_hparams = None
else:
v_hparams = config["vision_config"]
t_hparams = config["text_config"]
# possible data types
# ftype == 0 -> float32
# ftype == 1 -> float16
#
# map from ftype to string
ftype_str = ["f32", "f16"]
ftype = 1
if args.use_f32:
ftype = 0
if args.clip_model_is_siglip:
model = SiglipVisionModel.from_pretrained(dir_model)
processor = None
elif args.clip_model_is_vision or args.clip_model_is_openclip:
model = CLIPVisionModel.from_pretrained(dir_model)
processor = None
else:
model = CLIPModel.from_pretrained(dir_model)
processor = CLIPProcessor.from_pretrained(dir_model)
fname_middle = None
has_text_encoder = True
has_vision_encoder = True
has_llava_projector = False
if args.text_only:
fname_middle = "text-"
has_vision_encoder = False
elif args.llava_projector is not None:
fname_middle = "mmproj-"
has_text_encoder = False
has_llava_projector = True
elif args.vision_only:
fname_middle = "vision-"
has_text_encoder = False
else:
fname_middle = ""
output_dir = args.output_dir if args.output_dir is not None else dir_model
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
output_prefix = os.path.basename(output_dir).replace("ggml_", "")
fname_out = os.path.join(output_dir, f"{fname_middle}model-{ftype_str[ftype]}.gguf")
fout = GGUFWriter(path=fname_out, arch="clip", endianess=GGUFEndian.LITTLE if not args.bigendian else GGUFEndian.BIG)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_text_encoder", has_text_encoder)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_vision_encoder", has_vision_encoder)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_llava_projector", has_llava_projector)
fout.add_file_type(ftype)
model_name = config["_name_or_path"] if "_name_or_path" in config else os.path.basename(dir_model)
fout.add_name(model_name)
if args.text_only:
fout.add_description("text-only CLIP model")
elif args.vision_only and not has_llava_projector:
fout.add_description("vision-only CLIP model")
elif has_llava_projector:
fout.add_description("image encoder for LLaVA")
# add projector type
fout.add_string("clip.projector_type", args.projector_type)
else:
fout.add_description("two-tower CLIP model")
if has_text_encoder:
assert t_hparams is not None
assert tokens is not None
if args.clip_model_is_siglip:
text_projection_dim = 0
else:
text_projection_dim = t_hparams.get("projection_dim", config["projection_dim"])
# text_model hparams
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_CONTEXT_LENGTH, TEXT), t_hparams["max_position_embeddings"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, TEXT), t_hparams["hidden_size"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, TEXT), t_hparams["intermediate_size"])
fout.add_uint32("clip.text.projection_dim", text_projection_dim)
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT, TEXT), t_hparams["num_attention_heads"])
fout.add_float32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_EPS, TEXT), t_hparams["layer_norm_eps"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_BLOCK_COUNT, TEXT), t_hparams["num_hidden_layers"])
fout.add_token_list(tokens)
def get_non_negative_vision_feature_layers(v_hparams):
"""
Determine the vision feature layer(s) for the llava model, which are indices into the
hidden states of the visual encoder. Note that the hidden states array generally takes the
form:
[<emb input>, <output of enc block 0>, ... <output of enc block num_hidden_layers>]
so feature indices should be offset as n+1 to get the output of encoder block n.
We convert all vision feature layers to non-negative so that -1 can be used in
the model as an unset value. If no vision feature layer is found, we leave it unset.
"""
num_hidden_layers = v_hparams["num_hidden_layers"]
to_non_negative = lambda layer_idx: layer_idx if layer_idx >= 0 else num_hidden_layers + layer_idx + 1
feature_layers_key = None
# Key used for llava models in transformers
if "vision_feature_layer" in config:
feature_layers_key = "vision_feature_layer"
# Key used for llava models in the original format
elif "mm_vision_select_layer" in config:
feature_layers_key = "mm_vision_select_layer"
if feature_layers_key is not None:
feature_layers = config[feature_layers_key]
if isinstance(feature_layers, int):
feature_layers = [feature_layers]
return [to_non_negative(feature_layer) for feature_layer in feature_layers]
# Determine if we have explicitly specified vision feature layers in our config
feature_layers = get_non_negative_vision_feature_layers(v_hparams)
if has_vision_encoder:
# Siglip does not have a visual projector; set projection dim to 0
if args.clip_model_is_siglip:
visual_projection_dim = 0
else:
visual_projection_dim = v_hparams.get("projection_dim", config["projection_dim"])
# set vision_model hparams
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.image_size", v_hparams["image_size"])
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.patch_size", v_hparams["patch_size"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, VISION), v_hparams["hidden_size"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, VISION), v_hparams["intermediate_size"])
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.projection_dim", visual_projection_dim)
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT, VISION), v_hparams["num_attention_heads"])
fout.add_float32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_EPS, VISION), v_hparams["layer_norm_eps"])
if feature_layers:
block_count = max(feature_layers)
else:
block_count = v_hparams["num_hidden_layers"] - 1 if has_llava_projector else v_hparams["num_hidden_layers"]
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_BLOCK_COUNT, VISION), block_count)
# /**
# "image_grid_pinpoints": [
# [
# 336,
# 672
# ],
# [
# 672,
# 336
# ],
# [
# 672,
# 672
# ],
# [
# 1008,
# 336
# ],
# [
# 336,
# 1008
# ]
# ],
# Flattened:
# [
# 336, 672,
# 672, 336,
# 672, 672,
# 1008, 336,
# 336, 1008
# ]
# *
# */
if "image_grid_pinpoints" in v_hparams:
# flatten it
image_grid_pinpoints = []
for pinpoint in v_hparams["image_grid_pinpoints"]:
for p in pinpoint:
image_grid_pinpoints.append(p)
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_grid_pinpoints", image_grid_pinpoints)
if "image_crop_resolution" in v_hparams:
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.image_crop_resolution", v_hparams["image_crop_resolution"])
if "image_aspect_ratio" in v_hparams:
fout.add_string("clip.vision.image_aspect_ratio", v_hparams["image_aspect_ratio"])
if "image_split_resolution" in v_hparams:
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.image_split_resolution", v_hparams["image_split_resolution"])
if "mm_patch_merge_type" in v_hparams:
fout.add_string("clip.vision.mm_patch_merge_type", v_hparams["mm_patch_merge_type"])
if "mm_projector_type" in v_hparams:
fout.add_string("clip.vision.mm_projector_type", v_hparams["mm_projector_type"])
if feature_layers:
fout.add_array("clip.vision.feature_layer", feature_layers)
if processor is not None:
image_mean = processor.image_processor.image_mean if args.image_mean is None or args.image_mean == default_image_mean else args.image_mean # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
image_std = processor.image_processor.image_std if args.image_std is None or args.image_std == default_image_std else args.image_std # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
else:
image_mean = args.image_mean if args.image_mean is not None else default_image_mean
image_std = args.image_std if args.image_std is not None else default_image_std
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_mean", image_mean)
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_std", image_std)
use_gelu = v_hparams["hidden_act"] == "gelu"
fout.add_bool("clip.use_gelu", use_gelu)
if has_llava_projector:
# By default, we drop the last layer for llava projector
# models unless we have explicitly set vision feature layers
if feature_layers is None:
model.vision_model.encoder.layers.pop(-1)
else:
model.vision_model.encoder.layers = model.vision_model.encoder.layers[:max(feature_layers)]
projector = torch.load(args.llava_projector)
for name, data in projector.items():
name = get_tensor_name(name)
# pw and dw conv ndim==4
if data.ndim == 2 or data.ndim == 4:
data = data.squeeze().numpy().astype(np.float16)
else:
data = data.squeeze().numpy().astype(np.float32)
fout.add_tensor(name, data)
print("Projector tensors added\n")
state_dict = model.state_dict()
for name, data in state_dict.items():
if should_skip_tensor(name, has_text_encoder, has_vision_encoder, has_llava_projector):
# we don't need this
print(f"skipping parameter: {name}")
continue
name = get_tensor_name(name)
data = data.squeeze().numpy()
n_dims = len(data.shape)
# ftype == 0 -> float32, ftype == 1 -> float16
ftype_cur = 0
if n_dims == 4:
print(f"tensor {name} is always saved in f16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
elif ftype == 1:
if name[-7:] == ".weight" and n_dims == 2:
print(" Converting to float16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
else:
print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
else:
if data.dtype != np.float32:
print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
print(f"{name} - {ftype_str[ftype_cur]} - shape = {data.shape}")
fout.add_tensor(name, data)
fout.write_header_to_file()
fout.write_kv_data_to_file()
fout.write_tensors_to_file()
fout.close()
print("Done. Output file: " + fname_out)
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
import argparse
import os
import json
import re
import torch
import numpy as np
from gguf import *
TEXT = "clip.text"
VISION = "clip.vision"
from transformers import SiglipVisionModel, SiglipVisionConfig
def k(raw_key: str, arch: str) -> str:
return raw_key.format(arch=arch)
def should_skip_tensor(name: str, has_text: bool, has_vision: bool, has_llava: bool) -> bool:
if name in (
"logit_scale",
"text_model.embeddings.position_ids",
"vision_model.embeddings.position_ids",
):
return True
if name in (
"vision_model.head.probe",
"vision_model.head.attention.in_proj_weight",
"vision_model.head.attention.in_proj_bias",
"vision_model.head.attention.out_proj.weight",
"vision_model.head.attention.out_proj.bias",
"vision_model.head.layernorm.weight",
"vision_model.head.layernorm.bias",
"vision_model.head.mlp.fc1.weight",
"vision_model.head.mlp.fc1.bias",
"vision_model.head.mlp.fc2.weight",
"vision_model.head.mlp.fc2.bias"
):
return True
if name.startswith("v") and not has_vision:
return True
if name.startswith("t") and not has_text:
return True
return False
def get_tensor_name(name: str) -> str:
if "projection" in name:
return name
if "mm_projector" in name:
name = name.replace("model.mm_projector", "mm")
name = re.sub(r'mm\.mlp\.mlp', 'mm.model.mlp', name, count=1)
name = re.sub(r'mm\.peg\.peg', 'mm.model.peg', name, count=1)
return name
return name.replace("text_model", "t").replace("vision_model", "v").replace("encoder.layers", "blk").replace("embeddings.", "").replace("_proj", "").replace("self_attn.", "attn_").replace("layer_norm", "ln").replace("layernorm", "ln").replace("mlp.fc1", "ffn_down").replace("mlp.fc2", "ffn_up").replace("embedding", "embd").replace("final", "post").replace("layrnorm", "ln")
def bytes_to_unicode():
"""
Returns list of utf-8 byte and a corresponding list of unicode strings.
The reversible bpe codes work on unicode strings.
This means you need a large # of unicode characters in your vocab if you want to avoid UNKs.
When you're at something like a 10B token dataset you end up needing around 5K for decent coverage.
This is a significant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
To avoid that, we want lookup tables between utf-8 bytes and unicode strings.
And avoids mapping to whitespace/control characters the bpe code barfs on.
"""
bs = (
list(range(ord("!"), ord("~") + 1))
+ list(range(ord("¡"), ord("¬") + 1))
+ list(range(ord("®"), ord("ÿ") + 1))
)
cs = bs[:]
n = 0
for b in range(2**8):
if b not in bs:
bs.append(b)
cs.append(2**8 + n)
n += 1
cs = [chr(n) for n in cs]
return dict(zip(bs, cs))
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model-dir", help="Path to model directory cloned from HF Hub", required=True)
ap.add_argument("--use-f32", action="store_true", default=False, help="Use f32 instead of f16")
ap.add_argument("--text-only", action="store_true", required=False,
help="Save a text-only model. It can't be used to encode images")
ap.add_argument("--vision-only", action="store_true", required=False,
help="Save a vision-only model. It can't be used to encode texts")
ap.add_argument("--clip-model-is-vision", action="store_true", required=False,
help="The clip model is a pure vision model (ShareGPT4V vision extract for example)")
ap.add_argument("--clip-model-is-openclip", action="store_true", required=False,
help="The clip model is from openclip (for ViT-SO400M type))")
ap.add_argument("--llava-projector", help="Path to llava.projector file. If specified, save an image encoder for LLaVA models.")
ap.add_argument("--projector-type", help="Type of projector. Possible values: mlp, ldp, ldpv2", choices=["mlp", "ldp", "ldpv2","adapter"], default="adapter")
ap.add_argument("-o", "--output-dir", help="Directory to save GGUF files. Default is the original model directory", default=None)
# Example --image_mean 0.48145466 0.4578275 0.40821073 --image_std 0.26862954 0.26130258 0.27577711
# Example --image_mean 0.5 0.5 0.5 --image_std 0.5 0.5 0.5
default_image_mean = [0.5, 0.5, 0.5]
default_image_std = [0.5, 0.5, 0.5]
ap.add_argument('--image-mean', type=float, nargs='+', help='Mean of the images for normalization (overrides processor) ', default=None)
ap.add_argument('--image-std', type=float, nargs='+', help='Standard deviation of the images for normalization (overrides processor)', default=None)
# with proper
args = ap.parse_args()
if args.text_only and args.vision_only:
print("--text-only and --image-only arguments cannot be specified at the same time.")
exit(1)
if args.use_f32:
print("WARNING: Weights for the convolution op is always saved in f16, as the convolution op in GGML does not support 32-bit kernel weights yet.")
# output in the same directory as the model if output_dir is None
dir_model = args.model_dir
if args.clip_model_is_vision or not os.path.exists(dir_model + "/vocab.json") or args.clip_model_is_openclip:
vocab = None
tokens = None
else:
with open(dir_model + "/vocab.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
vocab = json.load(f)
tokens = [key for key in vocab]
with open(dir_model + "/config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
config = json.load(f)
if args.clip_model_is_vision:
v_hparams = config
t_hparams = None
else:
v_hparams = config["vision_config"]
t_hparams = None
# possible data types
# ftype == 0 -> float32
# ftype == 1 -> float16
#
# map from ftype to string
ftype_str = ["f32", "f16"]
ftype = 1
if args.use_f32:
ftype = 0
vision_config = SiglipVisionConfig(**v_hparams)
model = SiglipVisionModel(vision_config)
model.load_state_dict(torch.load(os.path.join(dir_model, "glm.clip")))
fname_middle = None
has_text_encoder = False
has_vision_encoder = True
has_glm_projector = True
if args.text_only:
fname_middle = "text-"
has_vision_encoder = False
elif args.llava_projector is not None:
fname_middle = "mmproj-"
has_text_encoder = False
has_glm_projector = True
elif args.vision_only:
fname_middle = "vision-"
has_text_encoder = False
else:
fname_middle = ""
output_dir = args.output_dir if args.output_dir is not None else dir_model
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
output_prefix = os.path.basename(output_dir).replace("ggml_", "")
fname_out = os.path.join(output_dir, f"{fname_middle}model-{ftype_str[ftype]}.gguf")
fout = GGUFWriter(path=fname_out, arch="clip")
fout.add_bool("clip.has_text_encoder", has_text_encoder)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_vision_encoder", has_vision_encoder)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_glm_projector", has_glm_projector)
fout.add_file_type(ftype)
model_name = config["_name_or_path"] if "_name_or_path" in config else os.path.basename(dir_model)
fout.add_name(model_name)
if has_glm_projector:
fout.add_description("image encoder for glm4v")
fout.add_string("clip.projector_type", "adapter")
else:
fout.add_description("two-tower CLIP model")
if has_text_encoder:
assert t_hparams is not None
assert tokens is not None
# text_model hparams
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_CONTEXT_LENGTH, TEXT), t_hparams["max_position_embeddings"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, TEXT), t_hparams["hidden_size"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, TEXT), t_hparams["intermediate_size"])
fout.add_uint32("clip.text.projection_dim", t_hparams.get("projection_dim", config["projection_dim"]))
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT, TEXT), t_hparams["num_attention_heads"])
fout.add_float32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_EPS, TEXT), t_hparams["layer_norm_eps"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_BLOCK_COUNT, TEXT), t_hparams["num_hidden_layers"])
fout.add_token_list(tokens)
if has_vision_encoder:
# vision_model hparams
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.image_size", v_hparams["image_size"])
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.patch_size", v_hparams["patch_size"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, VISION), v_hparams["hidden_size"])
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, VISION), v_hparams["intermediate_size"])
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.projection_dim", 0)
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT, VISION), v_hparams["num_attention_heads"])
fout.add_float32(k(KEY_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_EPS, VISION), 1e-6)
fout.add_uint32(k(KEY_BLOCK_COUNT, VISION), v_hparams["num_hidden_layers"])
image_mean = args.image_mean if args.image_mean is not None else default_image_mean
image_std = args.image_std if args.image_std is not None else default_image_std
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_mean", image_mean)
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_std", image_std)
fout.add_bool("clip.use_gelu", True)
if has_glm_projector:
# model.vision_model.encoder.layers.pop(-1) # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
projector = torch.load(args.llava_projector)
for name, data in projector.items():
name = get_tensor_name(name)
# pw and dw conv ndim==4
if data.ndim == 2 or data.ndim == 4:
data = data.squeeze().numpy().astype(np.float16)
else:
data = data.squeeze().numpy().astype(np.float32)
if name.startswith("vision."):
name=name.replace("vision.","")
fout.add_tensor(name, data)
print(f"Projector {name} - {data.dtype} - shape = {data.shape}")
# print(f"Projector {name} tensors added\n")
state_dict = model.state_dict() # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]
for name, data in state_dict.items():
if should_skip_tensor(name, has_text_encoder, has_vision_encoder, has_glm_projector):
# we don't need this
print(f"skipping parameter: {name}")
continue
name = get_tensor_name(name)
data = data.squeeze().numpy()
n_dims = len(data.shape)
# ftype == 0 -> float32, ftype == 1 -> float16
ftype_cur = 0
if n_dims == 4:
print(f"tensor {name} is always saved in f16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
elif ftype == 1:
if name[-7:] == ".weight" and n_dims == 2:
# print(" Converting to float16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
else:
# print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
else:
if data.dtype != np.float32:
# print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
print(f"siglip {name} - {data.dtype} - shape = {data.shape}")
# print(f"{name} - {ftype_str[ftype_cur]} - shape = {data.shape}")
fout.add_tensor(name, data)
fout.write_header_to_file()
fout.write_kv_data_to_file()
fout.write_tensors_to_file()
fout.close()
print("Done. Output file: " + fname_out)
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
import argparse
import os
import torch
from transformers import AutoModel
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model", help="Path to GLM model")
args = ap.parse_args()
# find the model part that includes the the multimodal projector weights
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(args.model, trust_remote_code=True, local_files_only=True)
checkpoint = model.state_dict()
# get a list of mm tensor names
mm_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if k.startswith("vision.adapter.")]
# store these tensors in a new dictionary and torch.save them
projector = {name: checkpoint[name].float() for name in mm_tensors}
torch.save(projector, f"{args.model}/glm.projector")
clip_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if k.startswith("vision.vit.model.vision_model.")]
if len(clip_tensors) > 0:
clip = {name.replace("vision.vit.model.", ""): checkpoint[name].float() for name in clip_tensors}
torch.save(clip, f"{args.model}/glm.clip")
# added tokens should be removed to be able to convert Mistral models
if os.path.exists(f"{args.model}/added_tokens.json"):
with open(f"{args.model}/added_tokens.json", "w") as f:
f.write("{}\n")
print("Done!")
print(f"Now you can convert {args.model} to a regular LLaMA GGUF file.")
print(f"Also, use {args.model}glm.projector to prepare a glm-encoder.gguf file.")
+38
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
import argparse
import glob
import os
import torch
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model", help="Path to LLaVA v1.5 model")
args = ap.parse_args()
# find the model part that includes the the multimodal projector weights
path = sorted(glob.glob(f"{args.model}/pytorch_model*.bin"))[-1]
checkpoint = torch.load(path)
# get a list of mm tensor names
mm_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if k.startswith("model.mm_projector")]
# store these tensors in a new dictionary and torch.save them
projector = {name: checkpoint[name].float() for name in mm_tensors}
torch.save(projector, f"{args.model}/llava.projector")
# BakLLaVA models contain CLIP tensors in it
clip_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if k.startswith("model.vision_tower")]
if len(clip_tensors) > 0:
clip = {name.replace("vision_tower.vision_tower.", ""): checkpoint[name].float() for name in clip_tensors}
torch.save(clip, f"{args.model}/llava.clip")
# added tokens should be removed to be able to convert Mistral models
if os.path.exists(f"{args.model}/added_tokens.json"):
with open(f"{args.model}/added_tokens.json", "w") as f:
f.write("{}\n")
print("Done!")
print(f"Now you can convert {args.model} to a regular LLaMA GGUF file.")
print(f"Also, use {args.model}/llava.projector to prepare a llava-encoder.gguf file.")
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
import argparse
import glob
import os
import torch
from safetensors import safe_open
from safetensors.torch import save_file
from typing import Any, ContextManager, cast
# Function to determine if file is a SafeTensor file
def is_safetensor_file(file_path):
return file_path.endswith('.safetensors')
# Unified loading function
def load_model(file_path):
if is_safetensor_file(file_path):
tensors = {}
with cast(ContextManager[Any], safe_open(file_path, framework="pt", device="cpu")) as f:
for key in f.keys():
tensors[key] = f.get_tensor(key).clone()
# output shape
print(f"{key} : {tensors[key].shape}")
return tensors, 'safetensor'
else:
return torch.load(file_path, map_location=torch.device('cpu')), 'pytorch'
# Unified saving function
def save_model(model, file_path, file_type):
if file_type == 'safetensor':
# safe_save(model, file_path)
save_file(model, file_path)
else:
torch.save(model, file_path)
# Helpers to match weight names from specific components or
# determine if a saved shard contains that component
def is_vision_tower(weight_name):
return (
weight_name.startswith("model.vision_tower") or
weight_name.startswith("vit.") or
weight_name.startswith("vision_tower")
)
def is_newline(weight_name):
return (
weight_name.startswith("model.image_newline") or
weight_name.startswith("image_newline")
)
def is_mm_projector(weight_name):
return (
weight_name.startswith("model.mm_projector") or
weight_name.startswith("vision_proj.") or
weight_name.startswith("multi_modal_projector")
)
def newline_criteria(checkpoint):
return any(is_newline(k) for k in checkpoint.keys())
def proj_criteria(checkpoint):
return any(is_mm_projector(k) for k in checkpoint.keys())
# Adapted function to clean vision tower from checkpoint
def clean_vision_tower_from_checkpoint(checkpoint_path):
checkpoint, file_type = load_model(checkpoint_path)
# file_type = 'pytorch'
model_path = os.path.dirname(checkpoint_path)
print(f"Searching for vision tower tensors in {checkpoint_path}")
clip_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if is_vision_tower(k)]
if len(clip_tensors) > 0:
print(f"Found {len(clip_tensors)} tensors to extract from {checkpoint_path}")
# Adapted for file type
clip_path = os.path.join(model_path, "llava.clip")
if os.path.exists(clip_path):
print(f"Loading existing llava.clip from {clip_path}")
existing_clip, _ = load_model(clip_path)
else:
print(f"Creating new llava.clip at {clip_path}")
existing_clip = {}
# Update existing_clip with new tensors, avoid duplicates
for name in clip_tensors:
simple_name = name[name.index('vision_model.'):] if 'vision_model.' in name else name
print(f"Adding {simple_name} to llava.clip")
if simple_name not in existing_clip:
existing_clip[simple_name] = checkpoint[name]
# Save the updated clip tensors back to llava.clip
save_model(existing_clip, clip_path, 'pytorch')
# Remove the tensors from the original checkpoint
for name in clip_tensors:
del checkpoint[name]
checkpoint_path = checkpoint_path
return True
return False
def find_relevant_checkpoints(checkpoint_paths, newline_criteria, projector):
newline_checkpoint_path = None
projector_checkpoint_path = None
for path in checkpoint_paths:
checkpoint, _ = load_model(path)
if newline_criteria(checkpoint) and newline_checkpoint_path is None:
newline_checkpoint_path = path
if projector(checkpoint):
projector_checkpoint_path = path
return newline_checkpoint_path, projector_checkpoint_path
# Command-line interface setup
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model", required=True, help="Path to LLaVA v1.5+ model")
ap.add_argument("-C", "--clean-vision-tower", action="store_true", help="Remove any vision tower from the model files")
args = ap.parse_args()
if args.clean_vision_tower:
# Generalized to handle both PyTorch and SafeTensors models
model_files = sorted(glob.glob(f"{args.model}/*"), key=os.path.getmtime, reverse=True)
# checkpoint_paths = [path for path in model_files if (path.endswith('.bin') and path.startswith('pytorch')) or (path.endswith('.safetensors') and path.startswith('model'))]
checkpoint_paths = [path for path in model_files if (path.endswith('.bin') and 'pytorch' in path.split('/')[-1].split('\\')[-1]) or (path.endswith('.safetensors') and 'model' in path.split('/')[-1].split('\\')[-1])]
for projector_checkpoint_path in checkpoint_paths:
print(f"Cleaning {projector_checkpoint_path}")
if not clean_vision_tower_from_checkpoint(projector_checkpoint_path):
print(f"No vision tower found in {projector_checkpoint_path}")
# we break once none is found, so far all models append them at the end
# break
print("Done! All vision tower tensors are removed from the model files and stored in llava.clip file.")
# Now we look for the projector in the last checkpoint
model_files = sorted(glob.glob(f"{args.model}/*"), key=os.path.getmtime, reverse=True)
checkpoint_paths = [path for path in model_files if (path.endswith('.bin') and 'pytorch' in path.split('/')[-1].split('\\')[-1]) or (path.endswith('.safetensors') and 'model' in path.split('/')[-1].split('\\')[-1])]
# last_checkpoint_path = checkpoint_paths[0]
# first_checkpoint_path = checkpoint_paths[-1]
newline_checkpoint_path, projector_checkpoint_path = find_relevant_checkpoints(checkpoint_paths, newline_criteria, proj_criteria)
print(f"Taking projector from {projector_checkpoint_path}")
first_mm_tensors = []
first_checkpoint = None
if newline_checkpoint_path is not None:
print(f"Taking newline from {newline_checkpoint_path}")
first_checkpoint, file_type = load_model(newline_checkpoint_path)
first_mm_tensors = [k for k, v in first_checkpoint.items() if is_newline(k)]
# Load the checkpoint
mm_tensors = []
last_checkpoint = None
if projector_checkpoint_path is not None:
last_checkpoint, file_type = load_model(projector_checkpoint_path)
mm_tensors = [k for k, v in last_checkpoint.items() if is_mm_projector(k)]
if len(mm_tensors) == 0:
if last_checkpoint is not None:
for k, v in last_checkpoint.items():
print(k)
print(f"Found {len(mm_tensors)} tensors to extract out of {len(last_checkpoint) if last_checkpoint is not None else 0} tensors.")
print("No tensors found. Is this a LLaVA model?")
exit()
print(f"Found {len(mm_tensors)} tensors to extract.")
print(f"Found additional {len(first_mm_tensors)} tensors to extract.")
# projector = {name: checkpoint.[name].float() for name in mm_tensors}
projector = {}
for name in mm_tensors:
assert last_checkpoint is not None
projector[name] = last_checkpoint[name].float()
for name in first_mm_tensors:
assert first_checkpoint is not None
projector[name] = first_checkpoint[name].float()
if len(projector) > 0:
save_model(projector, f"{args.model}/llava.projector", 'pytorch')
print("Done!")
print(f"Now you can convert {args.model} to a regular LLaMA GGUF file.")
print(f"Also, use {args.model}/llava.projector to prepare a llava-encoder.gguf file.")
@@ -0,0 +1,892 @@
# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2024 Google AI and The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
""" PyTorch Siglip model. """
# Copied from HuggingFaceM4/siglip-so400m-14-980-flash-attn2-navit and add tgt_sizes
import os
import math
import warnings
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import nn
from torch.nn.init import _calculate_fan_in_and_fan_out
from transformers.activations import ACT2FN
from transformers.modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel
from transformers.configuration_utils import PretrainedConfig
from transformers.utils import (
logging,
)
from transformers.utils import logging
logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
class SiglipVisionConfig(PretrainedConfig):
r"""
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`SiglipVisionModel`]. It is used to instantiate a
Siglip vision encoder according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the vision encoder of the Siglip
[google/siglip-base-patch16-224](https://huggingface.co/google/siglip-base-patch16-224) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
Number of channels in the input images.
image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 224):
The size (resolution) of each image.
patch_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
The size (resolution) of each patch.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu_pytorch_tanh"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` ``"quick_gelu"` are supported.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-06):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import SiglipVisionConfig, SiglipVisionModel
>>> # Initializing a SiglipVisionConfig with google/siglip-base-patch16-224 style configuration
>>> configuration = SiglipVisionConfig()
>>> # Initializing a SiglipVisionModel (with random weights) from the google/siglip-base-patch16-224 style configuration
>>> model = SiglipVisionModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
```"""
model_type = "siglip_vision_model"
def __init__(
self,
hidden_size=768,
intermediate_size=3072,
num_hidden_layers=12,
num_attention_heads=12,
num_channels=3,
image_size=224,
patch_size=16,
hidden_act="gelu_pytorch_tanh",
layer_norm_eps=1e-6,
attention_dropout=0.0,
**kwargs,
):
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.hidden_size = hidden_size
self.intermediate_size = intermediate_size
self.num_hidden_layers = num_hidden_layers
self.num_attention_heads = num_attention_heads
self.num_channels = num_channels
self.patch_size = patch_size
self.image_size = image_size
self.attention_dropout = attention_dropout
self.layer_norm_eps = layer_norm_eps
self.hidden_act = hidden_act
_CHECKPOINT_FOR_DOC = "google/siglip-base-patch16-224"
SIGLIP_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST = [
"google/siglip-base-patch16-224",
# See all SigLIP models at https://huggingface.co/models?filter=siglip
]
# Copied from transformers.models.llama.modeling_llama._get_unpad_data
def _get_unpad_data(attention_mask):
seqlens_in_batch = attention_mask.sum(dim=-1, dtype=torch.int32)
indices = torch.nonzero(attention_mask.flatten(), as_tuple=False).flatten()
max_seqlen_in_batch = seqlens_in_batch.max().item()
cu_seqlens = F.pad(torch.cumsum(seqlens_in_batch, dim=0, dtype=torch.int32), (1, 0))
return (
indices,
cu_seqlens,
max_seqlen_in_batch,
)
def _trunc_normal_(tensor, mean, std, a, b):
# Cut & paste from PyTorch official master until it's in a few official releases - RW
# Method based on https://people.sc.fsu.edu/~jburkardt/presentations/truncated_normal.pdf
def norm_cdf(x):
# Computes standard normal cumulative distribution function
return (1.0 + math.erf(x / math.sqrt(2.0))) / 2.0
if (mean < a - 2 * std) or (mean > b + 2 * std):
warnings.warn(
"mean is more than 2 std from [a, b] in nn.init.trunc_normal_. "
"The distribution of values may be incorrect.",
stacklevel=2,
)
# Values are generated by using a truncated uniform distribution and
# then using the inverse CDF for the normal distribution.
# Get upper and lower cdf values
l = norm_cdf((a - mean) / std)
u = norm_cdf((b - mean) / std)
# Uniformly fill tensor with values from [l, u], then translate to
# [2l-1, 2u-1].
tensor.uniform_(2 * l - 1, 2 * u - 1)
# Use inverse cdf transform for normal distribution to get truncated
# standard normal
if tensor.dtype in [torch.float16, torch.bfloat16]:
# The `erfinv_` op is not (yet?) defined in float16+cpu, bfloat16+gpu
og_dtype = tensor.dtype
tensor = tensor.to(torch.float32)
tensor.erfinv_()
tensor = tensor.to(og_dtype)
else:
tensor.erfinv_()
# Transform to proper mean, std
tensor.mul_(std * math.sqrt(2.0))
tensor.add_(mean)
# Clamp to ensure it's in the proper range
if tensor.dtype == torch.float16:
# The `clamp_` op is not (yet?) defined in float16+cpu
tensor = tensor.to(torch.float32)
tensor.clamp_(min=a, max=b)
tensor = tensor.to(torch.float16)
else:
tensor.clamp_(min=a, max=b)
def trunc_normal_tf_(
tensor: torch.Tensor, mean: float = 0.0, std: float = 1.0, a: float = -2.0, b: float = 2.0
):
"""Fills the input Tensor with values drawn from a truncated
normal distribution. The values are effectively drawn from the
normal distribution :math:`\\mathcal{N}(\text{mean}, \text{std}^2)`
with values outside :math:`[a, b]` redrawn until they are within
the bounds. The method used for generating the random values works
best when :math:`a \\leq \text{mean} \\leq b`.
NOTE: this 'tf' variant behaves closer to Tensorflow / JAX impl where the
bounds [a, b] are applied when sampling the normal distribution with mean=0, std=1.0
and the result is subsequently scaled and shifted by the mean and std args.
Args:
tensor: an n-dimensional `torch.Tensor`
mean: the mean of the normal distribution
std: the standard deviation of the normal distribution
a: the minimum cutoff value
b: the maximum cutoff value
"""
with torch.no_grad():
_trunc_normal_(tensor, 0, 1.0, a, b)
tensor.mul_(std).add_(mean)
def variance_scaling_(tensor, scale=1.0, mode="fan_in", distribution="normal"):
fan_in, fan_out = _calculate_fan_in_and_fan_out(tensor)
denom = fan_in
if mode == "fan_in":
denom = fan_in
elif mode == "fan_out":
denom = fan_out
elif mode == "fan_avg":
denom = (fan_in + fan_out) / 2
variance = scale / denom
if distribution == "truncated_normal":
# constant is stddev of standard normal truncated to (-2, 2)
trunc_normal_tf_(tensor, std=math.sqrt(variance) / 0.87962566103423978)
elif distribution == "normal":
with torch.no_grad():
tensor.normal_(std=math.sqrt(variance))
elif distribution == "uniform":
bound = math.sqrt(3 * variance)
with torch.no_grad():
tensor.uniform_(-bound, bound)
else:
raise ValueError(f"invalid distribution {distribution}")
def lecun_normal_(tensor):
variance_scaling_(tensor, mode="fan_in", distribution="truncated_normal")
def default_flax_embed_init(tensor):
variance_scaling_(tensor, mode="fan_in", distribution="normal")
class SiglipVisionEmbeddings(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config: SiglipVisionConfig):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
self.image_size = config.image_size
self.patch_size = config.patch_size
self.patch_embedding = nn.Conv2d(
in_channels=config.num_channels,
out_channels=self.embed_dim,
kernel_size=self.patch_size,
stride=self.patch_size,
padding="valid",
)
self.num_patches_per_side = self.image_size // self.patch_size
self.num_patches = self.num_patches_per_side**2
self.num_positions = self.num_patches
self.position_embedding = nn.Embedding(self.num_positions, self.embed_dim)
class SiglipAttention(nn.Module):
"""Multi-headed attention from 'Attention Is All You Need' paper"""
# Copied from transformers.models.clip.modeling_clip.CLIPAttention.__init__
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
self.num_heads = config.num_attention_heads
self.head_dim = self.embed_dim // self.num_heads
if self.head_dim * self.num_heads != self.embed_dim:
raise ValueError(
f"embed_dim must be divisible by num_heads (got `embed_dim`: {self.embed_dim} and `num_heads`:"
f" {self.num_heads})."
)
self.scale = self.head_dim**-0.5
self.dropout = config.attention_dropout
self.k_proj = nn.Linear(self.embed_dim, self.embed_dim)
self.v_proj = nn.Linear(self.embed_dim, self.embed_dim)
self.q_proj = nn.Linear(self.embed_dim, self.embed_dim)
self.out_proj = nn.Linear(self.embed_dim, self.embed_dim)
# Copied from transformers.models.clip.modeling_clip.CLIPMLP with CLIP->Siglip
class SiglipMLP(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.activation_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
self.fc1 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.intermediate_size)
self.fc2 = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size)
# Copied from transformers.models.clip.modeling_clip.CLIPEncoderLayer with CLIP->Siglip
class SiglipEncoderLayer(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config: SiglipVisionConfig):
super().__init__()
self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
self._use_flash_attention_2 = config._attn_implementation == "flash_attention_2"
self.self_attn = (
SiglipAttention(config)
)
self.layer_norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(self.embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
self.mlp = SiglipMLP(config)
self.layer_norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(self.embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
class SiglipPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
"""
An abstract class to handle weights initialization and a simple interface for downloading and loading pretrained
models.
"""
config_class = SiglipVisionConfig
base_model_prefix = "siglip"
supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
def _init_weights(self, module):
"""Initialize the weights"""
if isinstance(module, SiglipVisionEmbeddings):
width = self.config.hidden_size
nn.init.normal_(module.position_embedding.weight, std=1 / np.sqrt(width))
elif isinstance(module, nn.Embedding):
default_flax_embed_init(module.weight)
elif isinstance(module, SiglipAttention):
nn.init.normal_(module.q_proj.weight)
nn.init.normal_(module.k_proj.weight)
nn.init.normal_(module.v_proj.weight)
nn.init.normal_(module.out_proj.weight)
nn.init.zeros_(module.q_proj.bias)
nn.init.zeros_(module.k_proj.bias)
nn.init.zeros_(module.v_proj.bias)
nn.init.zeros_(module.out_proj.bias)
elif isinstance(module, SiglipMLP):
nn.init.normal_(module.fc1.weight)
nn.init.normal_(module.fc2.weight)
nn.init.normal_(module.fc1.bias, std=1e-6)
nn.init.normal_(module.fc2.bias, std=1e-6)
elif isinstance(module, (nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d)):
lecun_normal_(module.weight)
if module.bias is not None:
nn.init.zeros_(module.bias)
elif isinstance(module, nn.LayerNorm):
module.bias.data.zero_()
module.weight.data.fill_(1.0)
SIGLIP_START_DOCSTRING = r"""
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`SiglipVisionConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
"""
SIGLIP_VISION_INPUTS_DOCSTRING = r"""
Args:
pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`):
Pixel values. Padding will be ignored by default should you provide it. Pixel values can be obtained using
[`AutoImageProcessor`]. See [`CLIPImageProcessor.__call__`] for details.
output_attentions (`bool`, *optional*):
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See `attentions` under returned
tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (`bool`, *optional*):
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See `hidden_states` under returned tensors for
more detail.
return_dict (`bool`, *optional*):
Whether or not to return a [`~utils.ModelOutput`] instead of a plain tuple.
"""
# Copied from transformers.models.clip.modeling_clip.CLIPEncoder with CLIP->Siglip
class SiglipEncoder(nn.Module):
"""
Transformer encoder consisting of `config.num_hidden_layers` self attention layers. Each layer is a
[`SiglipEncoderLayer`].
Args:
config: SiglipConfig
"""
def __init__(self, config: SiglipVisionConfig):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.layers = nn.ModuleList([SiglipEncoderLayer(config) for _ in range(config.num_hidden_layers)])
self.gradient_checkpointing = False
class SiglipVisionTransformer(SiglipPreTrainedModel):
config_class = SiglipVisionConfig
main_input_name = "pixel_values"
_supports_flash_attn_2 = True
def __init__(self, config: SiglipVisionConfig):
super().__init__(config)
self.config = config
embed_dim = config.hidden_size
self.embeddings = SiglipVisionEmbeddings(config)
self.encoder = SiglipEncoder(config)
self.post_layernorm = nn.LayerNorm(embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
self._use_flash_attention_2 = config._attn_implementation == "flash_attention_2"
# Initialize weights and apply final processing
self.post_init()
def get_input_embeddings(self) -> nn.Module:
return self.embeddings.patch_embedding
import argparse
import json
import re
import numpy as np
from gguf import *
from transformers.models.idefics2.modeling_idefics2 import Idefics2VisionTransformer
from transformers.models.idefics2.configuration_idefics2 import Idefics2VisionConfig
TEXT = "clip.text"
VISION = "clip.vision"
def add_key_str(raw_key: str, arch: str) -> str:
return raw_key.format(arch=arch)
def should_skip_tensor(name: str, has_text: bool, has_vision: bool, has_minicpmv: bool) -> bool:
if name in (
"logit_scale",
"text_model.embeddings.position_ids",
"vision_model.embeddings.position_ids",
):
return True
if has_minicpmv and name in ["visual_projection.weight"]:
return True
if name.startswith("v") and not has_vision:
return True
if name.startswith("t") and not has_text:
return True
return False
def get_tensor_name(name: str) -> str:
if "projection" in name:
return name
if "mm_projector" in name:
name = name.replace("model.mm_projector", "mm")
name = re.sub(r'mm\.mlp\.mlp', 'mm.model.mlp', name, count=1)
name = re.sub(r'mm\.peg\.peg', 'mm.model.peg', name, count=1)
return name
return name.replace("text_model", "t").replace("vision_model", "v").replace("encoder.layers", "blk").replace("embeddings.", "").replace("_proj", "").replace("self_attn.", "attn_").replace("layer_norm", "ln").replace("layernorm", "ln").replace("mlp.fc1", "ffn_down").replace("mlp.fc2", "ffn_up").replace("embedding", "embd").replace("final", "post").replace("layrnorm", "ln")
def bytes_to_unicode():
"""
Returns list of utf-8 byte and a corresponding list of unicode strings.
The reversible bpe codes work on unicode strings.
This means you need a large # of unicode characters in your vocab if you want to avoid UNKs.
When you're at something like a 10B token dataset you end up needing around 5K for decent coverage.
This is a significant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
To avoid that, we want lookup tables between utf-8 bytes and unicode strings.
And avoids mapping to whitespace/control characters the bpe code barfs on.
"""
bs = (
list(range(ord("!"), ord("~") + 1))
+ list(range(ord("¡"), ord("¬") + 1))
+ list(range(ord("®"), ord("ÿ") + 1))
)
cs = bs[:]
n = 0
for b in range(2**8):
if b not in bs:
bs.append(b)
cs.append(2**8 + n)
n += 1
cs = [chr(n) for n in cs]
return dict(zip(bs, cs))
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model-dir", help="Path to model directory cloned from HF Hub", required=True)
ap.add_argument("--use-f32", action="store_true", default=False, help="Use f32 instead of f16")
ap.add_argument("--text-only", action="store_true", required=False,
help="Save a text-only model. It can't be used to encode images")
ap.add_argument("--vision-only", action="store_true", required=False,
help="Save a vision-only model. It can't be used to encode texts")
ap.add_argument("--clip-model-is-vision", action="store_true", required=False,
help="The clip model is a pure vision model (ShareGPT4V vision extract for example)")
ap.add_argument("--clip-model-is-openclip", action="store_true", required=False,
help="The clip model is from openclip (for ViT-SO400M type))")
ap.add_argument("--minicpmv-projector", help="Path to minicpmv.projector file. If specified, save an image encoder for MiniCPM-V models.")
ap.add_argument("--projector-type", help="Type of projector. Possible values: mlp, ldp, ldpv2", choices=["mlp", "ldp", "ldpv2"], default="mlp")
ap.add_argument("-o", "--output-dir", help="Directory to save GGUF files. Default is the original model directory", default=None)
# Example --image_mean 0.48145466 0.4578275 0.40821073 --image_std 0.26862954 0.26130258 0.27577711
# Example --image_mean 0.5 0.5 0.5 --image_std 0.5 0.5 0.5
default_image_mean = [0.5, 0.5, 0.5]
default_image_std = [0.5, 0.5, 0.5]
ap.add_argument('--image-mean', type=float, nargs='+', help='Mean of the images for normalization (overrides processor) ', default=None)
ap.add_argument('--image-std', type=float, nargs='+', help='Standard deviation of the images for normalization (overrides processor)', default=None)
ap.add_argument('--minicpmv_version', type=int, help='minicpmv_version: MiniCPM-V-2 use 1; MiniCPM-V-2.5 use 2; MiniCPM-V-2.6 use 3; MiniCPM-o-2.6 use 4; MiniCPM-V 4.0 use 5; MiniCPM-o-4.0 use 6; MiniCPM-o-4.5 use 100045', default=2)
# with proper
args = ap.parse_args()
if args.text_only and args.vision_only:
print("--text-only and --image-only arguments cannot be specified at the same time.")
exit(1)
if args.use_f32:
print("WARNING: Weights for the convolution op is always saved in f16, as the convolution op in GGML does not support 32-bit kernel weights yet.")
# output in the same directory as the model if output_dir is None
dir_model = args.model_dir
# Read config.json to get actual model configuration
config_path = os.path.join(dir_model, "config.json")
model_config = {}
if os.path.isfile(config_path):
with open(config_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
model_config = json.load(f)
print(f"Loaded config from {config_path}")
else:
print(f"Warning: config.json not found at {config_path}")
# If minicpmv_projector is not specified but the default path exists, use the default path
if args.minicpmv_projector is None:
default_projector_path = os.path.join(dir_model, "minicpmv.projector")
if os.path.isfile(default_projector_path):
args.minicpmv_projector = default_projector_path
print(f"Found default projector file: {default_projector_path}")
# If output_dir is not specified, use model_dir as the default value
if args.output_dir is None:
args.output_dir = dir_model
if args.clip_model_is_vision or not os.path.exists(dir_model + "/vocab.json") or args.clip_model_is_openclip:
vocab = None
tokens = None
else:
with open(dir_model + "/vocab.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
vocab = json.load(f)
tokens = [key for key in vocab]
# possible data types
# ftype == 0 -> float32
# ftype == 1 -> float16
#
# map from ftype to string
ftype_str = ["f32", "f16"]
ftype = 1
if args.use_f32:
ftype = 0
# if args.clip_model_is_vision or args.clip_model_is_openclip:
# model = CLIPVisionModel.from_pretrained(dir_model)
# processor = None
# else:
# model = CLIPModel.from_pretrained(dir_model)
# processor = CLIPProcessor.from_pretrained(dir_model)
minicpmv_version = args.minicpmv_version
# Use actual config values instead of hardcoded ones
if model_config:
# For the projector/resampler, use the main model's hidden_size
emb_dim = model_config.get("hidden_size", 1536)
# For the vision model, use vision_config values
vision_config_dict = model_config.get("vision_config", {})
default_vision_config = {
"hidden_size": vision_config_dict.get("hidden_size", 1152),
"image_size": vision_config_dict.get("image_size", 980),
"intermediate_size": vision_config_dict.get("intermediate_size", 4304),
"model_type": vision_config_dict.get("model_type", "siglip"),
"num_attention_heads": vision_config_dict.get("num_attention_heads", 16),
"num_hidden_layers": vision_config_dict.get("num_hidden_layers", 27),
"patch_size": vision_config_dict.get("patch_size", 14),
}
# Use vision model's num_hidden_layers for block_count
block_count = vision_config_dict.get("num_hidden_layers", 27)
print(f"Using config values: emb_dim={emb_dim}, block_count={block_count}")
print(f"Vision config: {default_vision_config}")
else:
# Fallback to original hardcoded logic if config.json not found
emb_dim = 4096
block_count = 26
if minicpmv_version == 1:
emb_dim = 2304
block_count = 26
elif minicpmv_version == 2:
emb_dim = 4096
block_count = 27
elif minicpmv_version == 3:
emb_dim = 3584
block_count = 27
elif minicpmv_version == 4:
emb_dim = 3584
block_count = 27
elif minicpmv_version == 5:
emb_dim = 2560
block_count = 27
elif minicpmv_version == 6:
emb_dim = 4096
block_count = 27
elif minicpmv_version == 100045:
emb_dim = 4096
block_count = 27
default_vision_config = {
"hidden_size": 1152,
"image_size": 980,
"intermediate_size": 4304,
"model_type": "idefics2",
"num_attention_heads": 16,
"num_hidden_layers": 27,
"patch_size": 14,
}
vision_config = Idefics2VisionConfig(**default_vision_config)
model = Idefics2VisionTransformer(vision_config)
if minicpmv_version == 3 or (model_config and model_config.get("vision_config", {}).get("model_type") == "siglip"):
vision_config = SiglipVisionConfig(**default_vision_config)
model = SiglipVisionTransformer(vision_config)
elif minicpmv_version == 4:
vision_config = SiglipVisionConfig(**default_vision_config)
model = SiglipVisionTransformer(vision_config)
elif minicpmv_version == 5:
default_vision_config["model_type"] = "siglip_vision_model"
vision_config = SiglipVisionConfig(**default_vision_config)
model = SiglipVisionTransformer(vision_config)
elif minicpmv_version == 6:
default_vision_config["model_type"] = "siglip_vision_model"
vision_config = SiglipVisionConfig(**default_vision_config)
model = SiglipVisionTransformer(vision_config)
elif minicpmv_version == 100045:
default_vision_config["model_type"] = "siglip_vision_model"
vision_config = SiglipVisionConfig(**default_vision_config)
model = SiglipVisionTransformer(vision_config)
processor = None
# if model.attn_pool is not None:
# model.attn_pool = torch.nn.Identity()
# model.blocks = model.blocks[:-1]
model.load_state_dict(torch.load(os.path.join(dir_model, "minicpmv.clip")))
fname_middle = None
has_text_encoder = True
has_vision_encoder = True
has_minicpmv_projector = False
if args.text_only:
fname_middle = "text-"
has_vision_encoder = False
elif args.minicpmv_projector is not None:
fname_middle = "mmproj-"
has_text_encoder = False
has_minicpmv_projector = True
elif args.vision_only:
fname_middle = "vision-"
has_text_encoder = False
else:
fname_middle = ""
output_dir = args.output_dir
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
output_prefix = os.path.basename(output_dir).replace("ggml_", "")
fname_out = os.path.join(output_dir, f"{fname_middle}model-{ftype_str[ftype]}.gguf")
fout = GGUFWriter(path=fname_out, arch="clip")
fout.add_bool("clip.has_text_encoder", has_text_encoder)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_vision_encoder", has_vision_encoder)
fout.add_bool("clip.has_minicpmv_projector", has_minicpmv_projector)
fout.add_file_type(ftype)
if args.text_only:
fout.add_description("text-only CLIP model")
elif args.vision_only and not has_minicpmv_projector:
fout.add_description("vision-only CLIP model")
elif has_minicpmv_projector:
fout.add_description("image encoder for MiniCPM-V")
# add projector type
fout.add_string("clip.projector_type", "resampler")
fout.add_int32("clip.minicpmv_version", minicpmv_version)
else:
fout.add_description("two-tower CLIP model")
if has_vision_encoder:
# vision_model hparams - use actual config values
vision_image_size = model_config.get("image_size", 448) if model_config else 448
vision_patch_size = default_vision_config.get("patch_size", 14)
vision_hidden_size = default_vision_config.get("hidden_size", 1152)
vision_intermediate_size = default_vision_config.get("intermediate_size", 4304)
vision_attention_heads = default_vision_config.get("num_attention_heads", 16)
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.image_size", vision_image_size)
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.patch_size", vision_patch_size)
fout.add_uint32(add_key_str(KEY_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, VISION), vision_hidden_size)
fout.add_uint32(add_key_str(KEY_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, VISION), vision_intermediate_size)
fout.add_uint32("clip.vision.projection_dim", 0)
fout.add_uint32(add_key_str(KEY_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT, VISION), vision_attention_heads)
fout.add_float32(add_key_str(KEY_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_EPS, VISION), 1e-6)
fout.add_uint32(add_key_str(KEY_BLOCK_COUNT, VISION), block_count)
# Add MiniCPM-V specific parameters
query_num = model_config.get("query_num", 0) if model_config else 0
resampler_emb_dim = model_config.get("hidden_size", 0) if model_config else 0
fout.add_uint32("clip.minicpmv_query_num", query_num)
if processor is not None:
image_mean = processor.image_processor.image_mean if args.image_mean is None or args.image_mean == default_image_mean else args.image_mean
image_std = processor.image_processor.image_std if args.image_std is None or args.image_std == default_image_std else args.image_std
else:
image_mean = args.image_mean if args.image_mean is not None else default_image_mean
image_std = args.image_std if args.image_std is not None else default_image_std
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_mean", image_mean)
fout.add_array("clip.vision.image_std", image_std)
use_gelu = True
fout.add_bool("clip.use_gelu", use_gelu)
def get_1d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim, pos):
"""
embed_dim: output dimension for each position
pos: a list of positions to be encoded: size (M,)
out: (M, D)
"""
assert embed_dim % 2 == 0
omega = np.arange(embed_dim // 2, dtype=np.float32)
omega /= embed_dim / 2.
omega = 1. / 10000 ** omega # (D/2,)
pos = pos.reshape(-1) # (M,)
out = np.einsum('m,d->md', pos, omega) # (M, D/2), outer product
emb_sin = np.sin(out) # (M, D/2)
emb_cos = np.cos(out) # (M, D/2)
emb = np.concatenate([emb_sin, emb_cos], axis=1) # (M, D)
return emb
def get_2d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim, grid):
assert embed_dim % 2 == 0
# use half of dimensions to encode grid_h
emb_h = get_1d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim // 2, grid[0]) # (H*W, D/2)
emb_w = get_1d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim // 2, grid[1]) # (H*W, D/2)
emb = np.concatenate([emb_h, emb_w], axis=1) # (H*W, D)
return emb
# https://github.com/facebookresearch/mae/blob/efb2a8062c206524e35e47d04501ed4f544c0ae8/util/pos_embed.py#L20
def get_2d_sincos_pos_embed(embed_dim, grid_size, cls_token=False):
"""
grid_size: int of the grid height and width
return:
pos_embed: [grid_size*grid_size, embed_dim] or [1+grid_size*grid_size, embed_dim] (w/ or w/o cls_token)
"""
if isinstance(grid_size, int):
grid_h_size, grid_w_size = grid_size, grid_size
else:
grid_h_size, grid_w_size = grid_size[0], grid_size[1]
grid_h = np.arange(grid_h_size, dtype=np.float32)
grid_w = np.arange(grid_w_size, dtype=np.float32)
grid = np.meshgrid(grid_w, grid_h) # here w goes first
grid = np.stack(grid, axis=0)
grid = grid.reshape([2, 1, grid_h_size, grid_w_size])
pos_embed = get_2d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim, grid)
if cls_token:
pos_embed = np.concatenate([np.zeros([1, embed_dim]), pos_embed], axis=0)
return pos_embed
def _replace_name_resampler(s, v):
if re.match("resampler.pos_embed", s):
return {
s: v,
re.sub("pos_embed", "pos_embed_k", s): torch.from_numpy(get_2d_sincos_pos_embed(emb_dim, (70, 70))),
}
if re.match("resampler.proj", s):
return {
re.sub("proj", "pos_embed_k", s): torch.from_numpy(get_2d_sincos_pos_embed(emb_dim, (70, 70))),
re.sub("proj", "proj.weight", s): v.transpose(-1, -2).contiguous(),
}
if re.match("resampler.attn.in_proj_.*", s):
return {
re.sub("attn.in_proj_", "attn.q.", s): v.chunk(3, dim=0)[0],
re.sub("attn.in_proj_", "attn.k.", s): v.chunk(3, dim=0)[1],
re.sub("attn.in_proj_", "attn.v.", s): v.chunk(3, dim=0)[2],
}
return {s: v}
if has_minicpmv_projector:
projector = torch.load(args.minicpmv_projector)
new_state_dict = {}
for k, v in projector.items():
kvs = _replace_name_resampler(k, v)
for nk, nv in kvs.items():
new_state_dict[nk] = nv
projector = new_state_dict
ftype_cur = 0
for name, data in projector.items():
name = get_tensor_name(name)
data = data.squeeze().numpy()
n_dims = len(data.shape)
if ftype == 1:
if name[-7:] == ".weight" and n_dims == 2:
print(" Converting to float16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
else:
print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
else:
if data.dtype != np.float32:
print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
fout.add_tensor(name, data)
print(f"{name} - {ftype_str[ftype_cur]} - shape = {data.shape}")
print("Projector tensors added\n")
def _replace_name(s, v):
s = "vision_model." + s
if re.match("vision_model.embeddings.position_embedding", s):
v = v.unsqueeze(0)
return {s: v}
return {s: v}
state_dict = model.state_dict()
new_state_dict = {}
for k, v in state_dict.items():
kvs = _replace_name(k, v)
for nk, nv in kvs.items():
new_state_dict[nk] = nv
state_dict = new_state_dict
for name, data in state_dict.items():
if should_skip_tensor(name, has_text_encoder, has_vision_encoder, has_minicpmv_projector):
# we don't need this
print(f"skipping parameter: {name}")
continue
name = get_tensor_name(name)
data = data.squeeze().numpy()
n_dims = len(data.shape)
# ftype == 0 -> float32, ftype == 1 -> float16
ftype_cur = 0
if n_dims == 4:
print(f"tensor {name} is always saved in f16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
elif ftype == 1:
if name[-7:] == ".weight" and n_dims == 2:
print(" Converting to float16")
data = data.astype(np.float16)
ftype_cur = 1
else:
print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
else:
if data.dtype != np.float32:
print(" Converting to float32")
data = data.astype(np.float32)
ftype_cur = 0
print(f"{name} - {ftype_str[ftype_cur]} - shape = {data.shape}")
fout.add_tensor(name, data)
fout.write_header_to_file()
fout.write_kv_data_to_file()
fout.write_tensors_to_file()
fout.close()
print("Done. Output file: " + fname_out)
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
import argparse
import os
import torch
from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-m", "--model", help="Path to MiniCPM-V model")
args = ap.parse_args()
# find the model part that includes the the multimodal projector weights
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(args.model, trust_remote_code=True, local_files_only=True, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16)
checkpoint = model.state_dict()
# get a list of mm tensor names
mm_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if k.startswith("resampler")]
# store these tensors in a new dictionary and torch.save them
projector = {name: checkpoint[name].float() for name in mm_tensors}
if 'resampler.proj' in projector.keys() and hasattr(model.llm.config,'scale_emb') is True:
projector['resampler.proj'] = projector['resampler.proj'] / model.llm.config.scale_emb
torch.save(projector, f"{args.model}/minicpmv.projector")
clip_tensors = [k for k, v in checkpoint.items() if k.startswith("vpm")]
if len(clip_tensors) > 0:
clip = {name.replace("vpm.", ""): checkpoint[name].float() for name in clip_tensors}
torch.save(clip, f"{args.model}/minicpmv.clip")
# added tokens should be removed to be able to convert Mistral models
if os.path.exists(f"{args.model}/added_tokens.json"):
with open(f"{args.model}/added_tokens.json", "w") as f:
f.write("{}\n")
config = model.llm.config
config.auto_map = {
"AutoConfig": "configuration_minicpm.MiniCPMConfig",
"AutoModel": "modeling_minicpm.MiniCPMModel",
"AutoModelForCausalLM": "modeling_minicpm.MiniCPMForCausalLM",
"AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM": "modeling_minicpm.MiniCPMForCausalLM",
"AutoModelForSequenceClassification": "modeling_minicpm.MiniCPMForSequenceClassification"
}
model.llm.save_pretrained(f"{args.model}/model")
tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(args.model, trust_remote_code=True)
tok.save_pretrained(f"{args.model}/model")
print("Done!")
print(f"Now you can convert {args.model} to a regular LLaMA GGUF file.")
print(f"Also, use {args.model}/minicpmv.projector to prepare a minicpmv-encoder.gguf file.")
+98
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@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_cogvlm::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
const int n_pos = n_patches + 1; // +1 for [CLS]
// build input and concatenate class embedding
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, inp, model.class_embedding, 1);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.position_embeddings);
cb(inp, "inp_pos", -1);
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
auto & layer = model.layers[il];
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL;
cur = build_mm(layer.qkv_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, layer.qkv_b);
ggml_tensor * Qcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_pos, d_head*sizeof(float),
cur->nb[1], 0);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_pos, d_head*sizeof(float),
cur->nb[1], n_embd * sizeof(float));
ggml_tensor * Vcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_pos, d_head*sizeof(float),
cur->nb[1], 2 * n_embd * sizeof(float));
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "attn_post_norm", il);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur;
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_post_norm", il);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
}
// remove CLS token (like build_llama4 does)
ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, inpL,
n_embd, n_patches,
ggml_row_size(inpL->type, n_embd), 0);
// Multiply with mm_model_proj
cur = build_mm(model.mm_model_proj, cur);
// Apply layernorm, weight, bias
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_post_fc_norm_w, model.mm_post_fc_norm_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, -1);
// Apply GELU
cur = ggml_gelu_inplace(ctx0, cur);
// Branch 1: multiply with mm_h_to_4h_w
ggml_tensor * h_to_4h = build_mm(model.mm_h_to_4h_w, cur);
// Branch 2: multiply with mm_gate_w
ggml_tensor * gate = build_mm(model.mm_gate_w, cur);
// Apply silu
gate = ggml_swiglu_split(ctx0, gate, h_to_4h);
// Apply mm_4h_to_h_w
cur = build_mm(model.mm_4h_to_h_w, gate);
// Concatenate with boi and eoi
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, model.mm_boi, cur, 1);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, model.mm_eoi, 1);
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
+216
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@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_conformer::build() {
const int n_frames = img.nx();
const int n_pos = n_frames / 2;
const int n_pos_embd = (((((n_frames + 1) / 2) + 1) / 2 + 1) / 2) * 2 - 1;
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings->ne[1] >= n_pos);
ggml_tensor * pos_emb = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, 512, n_pos_embd);
ggml_set_name(pos_emb, "pos_emb");
ggml_set_input(pos_emb);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, pos_emb);
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw(1);
auto * cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, inp));
// pre encode, conv subsampling
{
// layer.0 - conv2d
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.pre_encode_conv_X_w[0], cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.pre_encode_conv_X_b[0]);
cb(cur, "conformer.pre_encode.conv.{}", 0);
// layer.1 - relu
cur = ggml_relu_inplace(ctx0, cur);
// layer.2 conv2d dw
cur = ggml_conv_2d_dw_direct(ctx0, model.pre_encode_conv_X_w[2], cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.pre_encode_conv_X_b[2]);
cb(cur, "conformer.pre_encode.conv.{}", 2);
// layer.3 conv2d
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, model.pre_encode_conv_X_w[3], cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.pre_encode_conv_X_b[3]);
cb(cur, "conformer.pre_encode.conv.{}", 3);
// layer.4 - relu
cur = ggml_relu_inplace(ctx0, cur);
// layer.5 conv2d dw
cur = ggml_conv_2d_dw_direct(ctx0, model.pre_encode_conv_X_w[5], cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.pre_encode_conv_X_b[5]);
cb(cur, "conformer.pre_encode.conv.{}", 5);
// layer.6 conv2d
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, model.pre_encode_conv_X_w[6], cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.pre_encode_conv_X_b[6]);
cb(cur, "conformer.pre_encode.conv.{}", 6);
// layer.7 - relu
cur = ggml_relu_inplace(ctx0, cur);
// flatten channel and frequency axis
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3));
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0] * cur->ne[1], cur->ne[2]);
// calculate out
cur = build_mm(model.pre_encode_out_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.pre_encode_out_b);
cb(cur, "conformer.pre_encode.out", -1);
}
// pos_emb
cb(pos_emb, "pos_emb", -1);
for (int il = 0; il < hparams.n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
auto * residual = cur;
cb(cur, "layer.in", il);
// feed_forward1
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ff_norm_w, layer.ff_norm_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, il);
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.norm_feed_forward1", il);
cur = build_ffn(cur, layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b, nullptr, nullptr, layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b, FFN_SILU,
il);
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.feed_forward1.linear2", il);
const auto fc_factor = 0.5f;
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, ggml_scale(ctx0, cur, fc_factor));
// self-attention
{
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, il);
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.norm_self_att", il);
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(layer.q_w, cur);
Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.q_b);
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, Qcur->ne[1]);
ggml_tensor * Q_bias_u = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.pos_bias_u);
Q_bias_u = ggml_permute(ctx0, Q_bias_u, 0, 2, 1, 3);
ggml_tensor * Q_bias_v = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.pos_bias_v);
Q_bias_v = ggml_permute(ctx0, Q_bias_v, 0, 2, 1, 3);
// TODO @ngxson : some cont can/should be removed when ggml_mul_mat support these cases
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(layer.k_w, cur);
Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Kcur, layer.k_b);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, Kcur->ne[1]);
Kcur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, Kcur, 0, 2, 1, 3));
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(layer.v_w, cur);
Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Vcur, layer.v_b);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, Vcur->ne[1]);
Vcur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, Vcur, 1, 2, 0, 3));
// build_attn won't fit due to matrix_ac and matrix_bd separation
ggml_tensor * matrix_ac = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, Q_bias_u, Kcur);
matrix_ac = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, matrix_ac, 1, 0, 2, 3));
cb(matrix_ac, "conformer.layers.{}.self_attn.id3", il);
auto * p = build_mm(layer.linear_pos_w, pos_emb);
cb(p, "conformer.layers.{}.self_attn.linear_pos", il);
p = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, p, d_head, n_head, p->ne[1]);
p = ggml_permute(ctx0, p, 0, 2, 1, 3);
auto * matrix_bd = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, Q_bias_v, p);
matrix_bd = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, matrix_bd, 1, 0, 2, 3));
// rel shift
{
const auto pos_len = matrix_bd->ne[0];
const auto q_len = matrix_bd->ne[1];
const auto h = matrix_bd->ne[2];
matrix_bd = ggml_pad(ctx0, matrix_bd, 1, 0, 0, 0);
matrix_bd = ggml_roll(ctx0, matrix_bd, 1, 0, 0, 0);
matrix_bd = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, matrix_bd, q_len, pos_len + 1, h);
matrix_bd = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, matrix_bd, q_len, pos_len, h, matrix_bd->nb[1],
matrix_bd->nb[2], matrix_bd->nb[0] * q_len);
matrix_bd = ggml_cont_3d(ctx0, matrix_bd, pos_len, q_len, h);
}
matrix_bd = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, matrix_bd, matrix_ac->ne[0], matrix_bd->ne[1],
matrix_bd->ne[2], matrix_bd->nb[1], matrix_bd->nb[2], 0);
auto * scores = ggml_add(ctx0, matrix_ac, matrix_bd);
scores = ggml_scale(ctx0, scores, 1.0f / std::sqrt(d_head));
cb(scores, "conformer.layers.{}.self_attn.id0", il);
ggml_tensor * attn = ggml_soft_max(ctx0, scores);
ggml_tensor * x = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, attn, Vcur);
x = ggml_permute(ctx0, x, 2, 0, 1, 3);
x = ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, x, x->ne[0] * x->ne[1], x->ne[2]);
ggml_tensor * out = build_mm(layer.o_w, x);
out = ggml_add(ctx0, out, layer.o_b);
cb(out, "conformer.layers.{}.self_attn.linear_out", il);
cur = out;
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, cur);
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.norm_conv_w, layer.norm_conv_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, il);
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.norm_conv", il);
// conv
{
auto * x = cur;
x = build_mm(layer.conv_pw1_w, x);
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.conv_pw1_b);
cb(x, "conformer.layers.{}.conv.pointwise_conv1", il);
// ggml_glu doesn't support sigmoid
// TODO @ngxson : support this ops in ggml
{
int64_t d = x->ne[0] / 2;
ggml_tensor * gate = ggml_sigmoid(ctx0, ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d, x->ne[1], x->nb[1], d * x->nb[0]));
x = ggml_mul(ctx0, ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d, x->ne[1], x->nb[1], 0), gate);
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, x));
}
// use ggml_ssm_conv for f32 precision
x = ggml_pad(ctx0, x, 4, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_roll(ctx0, x, 4, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_pad(ctx0, x, 4, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_ssm_conv(ctx0, x, layer.conv_dw_w);
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.conv_dw_b);
x = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, x, layer.conv_norm_w), layer.conv_norm_b);
x = ggml_silu(ctx0, x);
// pointwise_conv2
x = build_mm(layer.conv_pw2_w, x);
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.conv_pw2_b);
cur = x;
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, cur);
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.ff_norm_1_w, layer.ff_norm_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, il);
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.norm_feed_forward2", il);
cur = build_ffn(cur, layer.ff_up_1_w, layer.ff_up_1_b, nullptr, nullptr, layer.ff_down_1_w, layer.ff_down_1_b,
FFN_SILU, il); // TODO(tarek): read activation for ffn from hparams
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.feed_forward2.linear2", il);
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, ggml_scale(ctx0, cur, fc_factor));
cb(residual, "conformer.layers.{}.conv.id", il);
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, il);
cb(cur, "conformer.layers.{}.norm_out", il);
}
// audio adapter
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, -1);
cb(cur, "audio_adapter.model.{}", 0);
cur = build_ffn(cur, model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b, nullptr, nullptr, model.mm_3_w, model.mm_3_b, FFN_GELU_ERF, -1);
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
+391
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@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
#include "models.h"
// Implementation based on approach suggested by Acly
// See: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/17383#issuecomment-3554227091
static ggml_tensor * window_partition(ggml_context * ctx0, ggml_tensor * x, const int window) {
auto [c, w, h, b] = x->ne;
// same as
// x = ggml_win_part(m, x, window);
// x = ggml_reshape_3d(m, x, c, window * window, x->ne[3]);
const int64_t px = (window - w % window) % window;
const int64_t py = (window - h % window) % window;
const int64_t npw = (w + px) / window;
const int64_t nph = (h + py) / window;
ggml_tensor * cur = x;
if (px > 0 || py > 0) {
cur = ggml_pad(ctx0, cur, 0, static_cast<int>(px), static_cast<int>(py), 0);
}
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, c * window, npw, window, nph * b);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3));
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, c, window, window, npw * nph * b);
return cur;
}
// Implementation based on approach suggested by Acly
// See: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/17383#issuecomment-3554227091
static ggml_tensor * window_unpartition(ggml_context * ctx0,
ggml_tensor * x,
const int w,
const int h,
const int window) {
const int64_t c = x->ne[0];
// same as
// x = ggml_reshape_4d(m, x, c, window, window, x->ne[2]);
// x = ggml_win_unpart(m, x, w, h, window);
const int64_t px = (window - w % window) % window;
const int64_t py = (window - h % window) % window;
const int64_t npw = (w + px) / window;
const int64_t nph = (h + py) / window;
const int64_t b = x->ne[3] / (npw * nph);
ggml_tensor * cur = x;
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, c * window, window, npw, nph * b);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3));
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, c, w + px, h + py, b);
cur = ggml_view_4d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0], w, h, cur->ne[3], cur->nb[1], cur->nb[2], cur->nb[3], 0);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
return cur;
}
static ggml_tensor * get_rel_pos(ggml_context * ctx0,
ggml_tensor * rel_pos, // [L, C]
ggml_tensor * indices, // [q_size, k_size]
const int q_size,
const int k_size) {
const int64_t C = rel_pos->ne[0]; // channels
const int64_t L = rel_pos->ne[1]; // length
GGML_ASSERT(indices != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(indices->type == GGML_TYPE_I32);
GGML_ASSERT(indices->ne[0] == k_size);
GGML_ASSERT(indices->ne[1] == q_size);
const auto max_rel_dist = 2 * std::max(q_size, k_size) - 1;
ggml_tensor * cur = rel_pos;
if (max_rel_dist != L) {
// Linear interpolation
const int64_t ne0 = cur->ne[0];
const int64_t ne1 = cur->ne[1];
const int64_t ne2 = cur->ne[2];
const int64_t ne3 = cur->ne[3];
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 0, 2, 3)), ne1, 1, ne0 * ne2 * ne3);
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, ggml_interpolate(ctx0, cur, max_rel_dist, 1, ne0 * ne2 * ne3, 1, GGML_SCALE_MODE_BILINEAR),
max_rel_dist, ne0, ne2, ne3);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 0, 2, 3));
}
// Flatten indices to 1D for ggml_get_rows
const int qk = q_size * k_size;
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, ggml_get_rows(ctx0, cur, ggml_reshape_1d(ctx0, indices, qk)), C, k_size, q_size);
return cur; // [C, k_size, q_size]
}
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_deepseekocr::build_sam(ggml_tensor * inp_raw) {
// Building SAM
const int n_embd = hparams.sam_n_embd;
const int n_layer = hparams.sam_n_layer;
const int n_heads = hparams.sam_n_head;
const int d_heads = n_embd / n_heads;
const int window = hparams.attn_window_size;
// SAM stage runs its layernorms at 1e-6
const float sam_eps = 1e-6f;
ggml_tensor * inpL;
inpL = ggml_conv_2d_sk_p0(ctx0, model.patch_embed_proj_w, inp_raw);
inpL = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, model.patch_embed_proj_b, 1, 1, n_embd));
inpL = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, inpL, 1, 2, 0, 3));
ggml_tensor * rel_pos_indices_local;
ggml_tensor * rel_pos_indices_global;
rel_pos_indices_local = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, window, window);
rel_pos_indices_global = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, inpL->ne[1], inpL->ne[2]);
ggml_set_name(rel_pos_indices_local, "rel_pos_indices_local");
ggml_set_name(rel_pos_indices_global, "rel_pos_indices_global");
ggml_set_input(rel_pos_indices_local);
ggml_set_input(rel_pos_indices_global);
ggml_tensor * cur;
const auto tgt_size = inpL->ne[1];
const auto str_size = model.pos_embed->ne[1];
if (str_size != tgt_size) {
ggml_tensor * old_pos_embed = nullptr;
old_pos_embed = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, model.pos_embed, 2, 0, 1, 3));
ggml_tensor * new_pos_embed =
ggml_interpolate(ctx0, old_pos_embed, tgt_size, tgt_size, n_embd, 1, GGML_SCALE_MODE_BICUBIC);
new_pos_embed = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, new_pos_embed, 1, 2, 0, 3));
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, new_pos_embed);
} else {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, model.pos_embed);
}
// loop over layers
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
auto & layer = model.sam_layers[il];
ggml_tensor * shortcut = cur;
// layernorm1
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, sam_eps, il);
const int64_t w0 = cur->ne[1];
const int64_t h0 = cur->ne[2];
ggml_tensor * indices;
if (hparams.is_global_attn(il)) {
indices = rel_pos_indices_global;
} else {
// local attention layer - apply window partition
cur = window_partition(ctx0, cur, window);
indices = rel_pos_indices_local;
}
const int64_t W = cur->ne[1];
const int64_t H = cur->ne[2];
// self-attention
{
const int B = cur->ne[3];
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, layer.qkv_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, layer.qkv_b);
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, 3, W * H, B);
ggml_tensor * Q;
ggml_tensor * K;
ggml_tensor * V;
Q = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, W * H, B, cur->nb[2], cur->nb[3], 0 * cur->nb[1]);
Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, ggml_cont(ctx0, Q), d_heads, n_heads, W * H, B);
K = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, W * H, B, cur->nb[2], cur->nb[3], 1 * cur->nb[1]);
K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, ggml_cont(ctx0, K), d_heads, n_heads, W * H, B);
V = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, W * H, B, cur->nb[2], cur->nb[3], 2 * cur->nb[1]);
V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, ggml_cont(ctx0, V), d_heads, n_heads, W * H, B);
ggml_tensor * mask;
ggml_tensor * rw;
ggml_tensor * rh;
ggml_tensor * qr;
rw = get_rel_pos(ctx0, layer.rel_pos_w, indices, W, W); // [W, W, C]
rh = get_rel_pos(ctx0, layer.rel_pos_h, indices, H, H); // [H, H, C]
qr = ggml_permute(ctx0, Q, 0, 2, 1, 3);
qr = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, ggml_cont(ctx0, qr), d_heads, W, H, B * n_heads);
rw = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, rw,
ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, qr, 0, 2, 1, 3))); // [B*n_heads, W, H, W]
rw = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, rw, 0, 2, 1, 3)); // [B*n_heads, H, W, W]
rw = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, rw, W, 1, W * H, n_heads * B);
rw = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, rw, W, H, W * H, n_heads * B);
rh = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, rh, qr); // [B*n_heads, H, W, H]
rh = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, rh, 1, H, W * H, n_heads * B);
mask = ggml_add(ctx0, rw, rh); // [B*n_heads, H*W, H, W]
mask = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, mask, W * H, W * H, n_heads, B);
// casting mask to F16 only required when flash-attn is enabled
if (flash_attn_type == CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED) {
mask = ggml_cast(ctx0, mask, GGML_TYPE_F16);
}
const float scale = 1.0f / sqrtf(static_cast<float>(d_heads));
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b, Q, K, V, mask, scale,
il); // [B, H*W, n_embd]
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, ggml_cont(ctx0, cur), n_embd, W, H, B);
}
if (hparams.is_global_attn(il) == false) {
// local attention layer - reverse window partition
cur = window_unpartition(ctx0, cur, w0, h0, window);
}
// re-add the layer input, e.g., residual
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, shortcut);
ggml_tensor * inpFF = cur;
// layernorm2
cur = build_norm(inpFF, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, sam_eps, il);
// ffn
cur = build_ffn(cur, layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b, nullptr, nullptr, layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
// residual 2
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpFF);
cb(cur, "sam_layer_out", il);
}
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3));
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.neck_0_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 2, 0, 3));
cur = build_norm(cur, model.neck_1_w, model.neck_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, sam_eps, -1);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3));
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.neck_2_w, cur, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 2, 0, 3));
cur = build_norm(cur, model.neck_3_w, model.neck_3_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, sam_eps, -1);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3));
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.net_2, cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.net_3, cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cb(cur, "sam_output", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return cur;
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_deepseekocr::build() {
// patch embedding
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
bool is_overview = img.add_viewsep;
int n_tiles_per_row = 0;
// note: we expect either a batch of rows or a batch of overviews, but not a mix of both
if (!is_overview) {
// handle the case where we have a batch of rows
// sanity check
for (auto & entry : img_batch->entries) {
if (entry.add_viewsep) {
throw std::runtime_error("DeepSeek-OCR: mixed overview and non-overview images in batch");
}
if (entry.nx() != img.nx() || entry.ny() != img.ny()) {
throw std::runtime_error("DeepSeek-OCR: mixed image sizes in batch");
}
}
GGML_ASSERT(img.ny() >= img.nx());
GGML_ASSERT(img.ny() % img.nx() == 0);
n_tiles_per_row = img.ny() / img.nx();
// input shape: [tile_size, tile_size * n_tiles_per_row, 3]
// we want to reshape it to [tile_size, tile_size, 3, n_tiles_per_row]
inp_raw = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, inp_raw, img.nx(), img.nx(), n_tiles_per_row, 3);
inp_raw = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, inp_raw, 0, 1, 3, 2));
}
ggml_tensor * sam_out = build_sam(inp_raw);
if (!is_overview) {
n_batch = n_tiles_per_row;
}
const int clip_n_patches = sam_out->ne[0] * sam_out->ne[1];
ggml_tensor * clip_out;
// Building DS-OCR CLIP
{
ggml_tensor * inp;
// sam_out: [patch_h, patch_w, n_embd, n_batch]
// -> [n_embd, clip_n_patches, n_batch]
inp = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, sam_out, clip_n_patches, sam_out->ne[2], sam_out->ne[3]);
inp = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 0, 2, 3));
ggml_tensor * new_pos_embd = model.position_embeddings;
int n_pos = new_pos_embd->ne[1]; // +1 for [CLS]
const auto tgt_size = static_cast<int>(std::sqrt(inp->ne[1]));
const auto src_size = static_cast<int>(std::sqrt(n_pos - 1));
if (tgt_size != src_size) {
ggml_tensor * old_pos_embd;
ggml_tensor * cls_tok;
old_pos_embd = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, new_pos_embd, new_pos_embd->ne[0], src_size * src_size,
ggml_row_size(new_pos_embd->type, new_pos_embd->ne[0]), 0);
cls_tok = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, new_pos_embd, new_pos_embd->ne[0], 1,
ggml_row_size(new_pos_embd->type, new_pos_embd->ne[0]), src_size * src_size);
new_pos_embd = ggml_interpolate(ctx0, old_pos_embd, tgt_size, tgt_size, new_pos_embd->ne[0], 1,
GGML_SCALE_MODE_BICUBIC);
new_pos_embd = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, new_pos_embd, n_embd, tgt_size * tgt_size, 1);
new_pos_embd = ggml_concat(ctx0, new_pos_embd, cls_tok, 1);
n_pos = tgt_size * tgt_size + 1;
}
// add CLS token per batch item
// inp: [n_embd, clip_n_patches, n_batch]
// class_embedding: [n_embd] -> [n_embd, 1, n_batch]
ggml_tensor * cls_embd = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, model.class_embedding, n_embd, 1, n_batch, 1);
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, cls_embd, inp, 1);
// for selecting learned pos embd, used by ViT
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_cast(ctx0, ggml_arange(ctx0, 0, n_pos, 1), GGML_TYPE_I32);
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, new_pos_embd, positions);
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(inp, n_pos, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, FFN_GELU_QUICK, learned_pos_embd, nullptr);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
clip_out = cur;
}
// sam_out: [patch_h, patch_w, n_embd, n_batch]
// -> [n_embd, clip_n_patches, n_batch]
sam_out = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, sam_out, 1, 2, 0, 3));
sam_out = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, sam_out, sam_out->ne[0], clip_n_patches, n_batch);
// clip_out: [n_embd, n_pos, n_batch] where n_pos = clip_n_patches + 1 (CLS)
// strip CLS token: skip first position, view only the patch tokens
clip_out = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, clip_out, n_embd, clip_n_patches, n_batch,
clip_out->nb[1], clip_out->nb[2], clip_out->nb[1]);
ggml_tensor * cur;
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, clip_out, sam_out, 0);
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_fc_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_fc_b);
if (is_overview) {
// global view: weave one newline per row + trailing view separator
const auto h = static_cast<int>(std::sqrt(static_cast<float>(cur->ne[1])));
const auto w = h;
const auto n_dim = cur->ne[0];
ggml_tensor * imgnl = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, model.image_newline, n_dim, 1, h, 1);
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, n_dim, w, h);
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, imgnl, 1), n_dim, (w + 1) * h);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, model.view_seperator, 1); // (n_dim, h*(w+1) + 1)
} else {
// tile row: interleave tiles within each row, add newline per row
const int grid_x = static_cast<int>(std::sqrt(static_cast<float>(clip_n_patches)));
const int grid_y = grid_x;
const auto n_dim = cur->ne[0];
// (n_dim, clip_n_patches, n_batch) -> (n_dim, grid_x, grid_y, n_batch)
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, n_dim, grid_x, grid_y, n_batch);
// tiles: re-order from A.row0 A.row1 B.row0 B.row1 ...
// to A.row0 B.row0 A.row1 B.row1 ...
// then add nl: A.row0 B.row0 [nl] A.row1 B.row1 [nl] ...
// interleave tiles: (n_dim, grid_x, grid_y, n_batch) -> (n_dim, grid_x, n_batch, grid_y)
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 1, 3, 2));
// merge: (n_dim, grid_x, n_batch, grid_y) -> (n_dim, grid_x*n_batch, grid_y, 1)
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, n_dim, grid_x * n_batch, grid_y, 1);
// append newline per row: (n_dim, grid_x*n_batch+1, grid_y, 1)
ggml_tensor * imgnl = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, model.image_newline, n_dim, 1, grid_y, 1);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, imgnl, 1);
// flatten: (n_dim, (grid_x*n_batch+1)*grid_y)
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, n_dim, (grid_x * n_batch + 1) * grid_y);
}
cb(cur, "dsocr_output", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_deepseekocr2::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(hparams.n_head_kv > 0);
GGML_ASSERT(n_head % hparams.n_head_kv == 0);
// patch embedding
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
ggml_tensor * sam_out = build_sam(inp_raw);
ggml_tensor * qwen2_out;
// Building Qwen2 encoder
{
ggml_tensor * inp;
inp = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, sam_out, sam_out->ne[0] * sam_out->ne[1], sam_out->ne[2]); // H*W, C
inp = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 0, 2, 3));
auto num_image_tokens = inp->ne[1]; // H*W
GGML_ASSERT(num_image_tokens == 144 || num_image_tokens == 256);
// query based on numbers of image tokens (in SAM output)
// 16x16 -> query_1024 (1024x1024 images)
// 12x12 -> query_768 (768x768 images)
ggml_tensor * query_embed = model.resample_query_1024;
int num_queries = 256;
if (num_image_tokens == 144) {
query_embed = model.resample_query_768;
num_queries = 144;
}
// (B, num_image_tokens + num_queries, C)
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, inp, ggml_cast(ctx0, query_embed, inp->type), 1);
auto seq_len = inp->ne[1];
// qwen2 encoder attention mask
ggml_tensor * attn_mask = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, seq_len, seq_len);
ggml_set_name(attn_mask, "qwen2_attn_mask");
ggml_set_input(attn_mask);
ggml_tensor * inp_pos = ggml_cast(ctx0, ggml_arange(ctx0, 0, seq_len, 1), GGML_TYPE_I32);
auto add_rope = [&](ggml_tensor * x, const clip_layer &) {
return ggml_rope_ext(ctx0, x, inp_pos, nullptr, d_head,
GGML_ROPE_TYPE_NEOX, 131072, 1000000, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0);
};
build_vit_opts vit_opts;
vit_opts.attn_mask = attn_mask;
// build_vit applies model.post_ln_w internally; do not re-apply
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(inp, seq_len, NORM_TYPE_RMS, FFN_SILU,
/* learned_pos_embd */ nullptr, add_rope, vit_opts);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0,
ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0], num_queries, cur->nb[1],
cur->nb[1] * (cur->ne[1] - num_queries))); // only take query tokens for output
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
qwen2_out = cur;
}
ggml_tensor * cur;
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_fc_w, qwen2_out);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_fc_b);
// view_seperator only after the global view
if (img.add_viewsep) {
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, model.view_seperator, 1); // (n_dim, 257)
}
cb(cur, "dsocr2_output", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_dotsocr::build() {
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int num_position_ids = n_pos * 4; // m-rope requires 4 dim per position
// note: similar to PaddleOCR
int mrope_sections[4] = {d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4};
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_position_ids);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
return ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, cur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION,
32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_RMS,
hparams.ffn_op,
nullptr,
add_pos);
cb(cur, "vit_out", -1);
// dots.ocr patch merger + projector
{
GGML_ASSERT(hparams.n_merge > 0);
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_input_norm_w, model.mm_input_norm_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-6, -1);
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, hparams.n_merge);
cb(cur, "after_patch_merger", -1);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr, // no gate
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU_ERF, -1); // nn.GELU() defaults to exact erf-based GELU
cb(cur, "after_projector", -1);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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// similar to qwen2vl, except for GQA attention
#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_exaone4_5::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_bias == nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
const int batch_size = 1;
const bool use_window_attn = hparams.n_wa_pattern > 0;
const int n_wa_pattern = hparams.n_wa_pattern;
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int num_position_ids = n_pos * 4;
const norm_type norm_t = NORM_TYPE_RMS;
const int64_t n_kv_head = hparams.n_head_kv > 0 ? hparams.n_head_kv : n_head;
GGML_ASSERT(n_head % n_kv_head == 0);
int rope_sections[4] = { d_head / 4, d_head / 4, d_head / 4, d_head / 4 };
const float rope_freq_base = hparams.rope_theta > 0.0f ? hparams.rope_theta : 10000.0f;
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
ggml_tensor * inp = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
GGML_ASSERT(img.nx() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
GGML_ASSERT(img.ny() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
{
ggml_tensor * inp_1 = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_1, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, inp_1);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 2, 0, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
inp = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 0, 2, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_position_ids);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
ggml_tensor * window_mask = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * window_idx = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * inv_window_idx = nullptr;
if (use_window_attn) {
window_idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos / 4);
ggml_set_name(window_idx, "window_idx");
ggml_set_input(window_idx);
inv_window_idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos / 4);
ggml_set_name(inv_window_idx, "inv_window_idx");
ggml_set_input(inv_window_idx);
window_mask = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_pos, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(window_mask, "window_mask");
ggml_set_input(window_mask);
if (flash_attn_type == CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED) {
window_mask = ggml_cast(ctx0, window_mask, GGML_TYPE_F16);
}
}
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
if (use_window_attn) {
GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
inpL = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd * 4, n_patches_x * n_patches_y * batch_size / 4);
inpL = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, inv_window_idx);
inpL = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
const bool full_attn = use_window_attn ? (il + 1) % n_wa_pattern == 0 : true;
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL;
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, norm_t, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ln1", il);
{
GGML_ASSERT(layer.qkv_w != nullptr);
cur = build_mm(layer.qkv_w, cur);
if (layer.qkv_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, layer.qkv_b);
}
const int64_t n_embd_kv = d_head * n_kv_head;
ggml_tensor * Qcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_patches,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, d_head),
cur->nb[1],
0);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_kv_head, n_patches,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, d_head),
cur->nb[1],
ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd));
ggml_tensor * Vcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_kv_head, n_patches,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, d_head),
cur->nb[1],
ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd + n_embd_kv));
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
Qcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Qcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head / 2, rope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, rope_freq_base, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
Kcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Kcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head / 2, rope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, rope_freq_base, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur_rope", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur_rope", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
ggml_tensor * attn_mask = full_attn ? nullptr : window_mask;
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b, Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, attn_mask, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur;
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, norm_t, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
}
ggml_tensor * embeddings = inpL;
embeddings = build_norm(embeddings, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, norm_t, eps, n_layer);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, n_embd * 4, n_pos / 4, batch_size);
embeddings = build_ffn(embeddings,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
if (use_window_attn) {
GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, embeddings, hparams.projection_dim, n_patches_x * n_patches_y / 4);
embeddings = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, embeddings, window_idx);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, hparams.projection_dim, n_patches_x * n_patches_y / 4, batch_size);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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/**
* Gemma 4 Audio Conformer Encoder (clip_graph_gemma4a)
*
* Architecture: Conformer with dual half-step FFN, full self-attention
* with sinusoidal RPE, depthwise light conv, and output projection.
*/
#include "models.h"
#include <cmath>
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_gemma4a::build() {
const float res_weight = 0.5f;
const float norm_eps = 1e-6f;
// 1. Input
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw(1);
auto * cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, inp));
// 2. Subsampling Conv2D (symmetric padding=1, matching PyTorch)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.sscp_conv_w[i], cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
if (model.sscp_conv_b[i]) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.sscp_conv_b[i]);
}
// nn.LayerNorm(channels): permute ch to ne[0], normalize, permute back
if (model.sscp_norm_w[i]) {
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 2, 0, 3));
cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, norm_eps);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.sscp_norm_w[i]);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3));
}
cur = ggml_relu(ctx0, cur);
}
// Flatten [freq, time, ch, 1] -> [ch*freq, time]
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 2, 0, 3));
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0] * cur->ne[1], cur->ne[2]);
if (model.sscp_inp_proj_w) {
cur = build_mm(model.sscp_inp_proj_w, cur);
if (model.sscp_inp_proj_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.sscp_inp_proj_b);
}
}
}
const int64_t n_pos = cur->ne[1];
// Chunked local attention parameters
const int64_t C = 12; // chunk_size
const int64_t P = 12; // max_past_horizon (context_left - 1)
const int64_t S = C + P; // context_size = 24
const int64_t R = P + 1; // RPE positions = 13
const int64_t B = (n_pos + C - 1) / C; // num_blocks
const int64_t Np = B * C; // padded sequence length
const int64_t pad_seq = Np - n_pos;
// Input tensors: blocked RPE and blocked attention mask
ggml_tensor * pos_emb = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_head * d_head, R);
ggml_set_name(pos_emb, "pos_emb");
ggml_set_input(pos_emb);
ggml_tensor * kq_mask = ggml_new_tensor_3d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, S, C, B);
ggml_set_name(kq_mask, "kq_mask");
ggml_set_input(kq_mask);
// 3. Conformer Blocks
for (int il = 0; il < hparams.n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
auto * residual = cur;
// FFN 1 (half-step)
if (layer.ff_norm_w && layer.ff_up_w && layer.ff_down_w) {
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ff_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
layer.ff_down_w, nullptr, FFN_SILU, il);
if (layer.ff_post_norm_w) {
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ff_post_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il);
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, ggml_scale(ctx0, cur, res_weight));
}
// Chunked local self-attention with RPE
if (layer.q_w && layer.k_w && layer.v_w && layer.o_w) {
const float q_scale = (1.0f / sqrtf((float)d_head)) / logf(2.0f);
const float k_scale = logf(1.0f + expf(1.0f)) / logf(2.0f);
const float softcap = 50.0f;
ggml_tensor * attn_norm_w = layer.attn_pre_norm_w ? layer.attn_pre_norm_w : layer.ln_1_w;
cur = attn_norm_w
? build_norm(residual, attn_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il)
: residual;
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(layer.q_w, cur);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(layer.k_w, cur);
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(layer.v_w, cur);
// [n_embd, n_pos] -> [D, H, N]
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
// Q/K scaling
Qcur = ggml_scale(ctx0, Qcur, q_scale);
if (layer.per_dim_scale_w) {
Qcur = ggml_mul(ctx0, Qcur, ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, layer.per_dim_scale_w, d_head, 1, 1));
}
Kcur = ggml_scale(ctx0, Kcur, k_scale);
if (layer.per_dim_k_scale_w) {
Kcur = ggml_mul(ctx0, Kcur, ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, layer.per_dim_k_scale_w, d_head, 1, 1));
}
// Q blocking: [D, H, N] -> pad to Np -> reshape [D, H, C, B]
// ggml permute: ne[ax_i] = src->ne[i], so (0,3,1,2) sends H->3, C->1, B->2
Qcur = ggml_pad(ctx0, Qcur, 0, 0, pad_seq, 0); // [D, H, Np]
Qcur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, C, B); // [D, H, C, B]
Qcur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, Qcur, 0, 3, 1, 2)); // [D, C, B, H]
// K/V block context extraction via overlapping view:
// Pad to S*B elements, roll right by P to create left-padding,
// then view with stride C in the block dimension (overlapping windows).
auto extract_blocks = [&](ggml_tensor * t) -> ggml_tensor * {
// [D, H, N] -> pad to S*B -> roll right by P -> cont (materialize)
const int64_t pad_kv = S * B - n_pos;
t = ggml_pad(ctx0, t, 0, 0, pad_kv, 0); // [D, H, S*B]
t = ggml_roll(ctx0, t, 0, 0, P, 0); // left-pad by P
t = ggml_cont(ctx0, t); // materialize roll (removes view offset)
// Overlapping view: stride for B dim is C positions, not S
// ne = [D, H, S, B], data_size = D*H*S*B*sizeof = source_nbytes (exact fit)
// nb1=D*sizeof, nb2=D*H*sizeof, nb3=C*D*H*sizeof (overlap: C < S)
t = ggml_view_4d(ctx0, t, d_head, n_head, S, B,
t->nb[1], t->nb[2], C * t->nb[2], 0);
t = ggml_cont(ctx0, t); // materialize overlapping windows
return t;
};
ggml_tensor * Kblk = extract_blocks(Kcur);
// [D, H, S, B] -> [D, S, B, H] via permute(0,3,1,2)
Kblk = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, Kblk, 0, 3, 1, 2));
ggml_tensor * Vblk = extract_blocks(Vcur);
// [D, H, S, B] -> [S, D, B, H] via permute(1,3,0,2)
Vblk = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, Vblk, 1, 3, 0, 2));
// Content attention: Q @ K^T
// Kblk=[D,S,B,H], Qcur=[D,C,B,H] -> mul_mat contracts on D -> [S,C,B,H]
ggml_tensor * matrix_ac = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, Kblk, Qcur);
// Relative position attention
if (layer.attn_k_rel_w) {
// RPE: [n_embd, R] -> project -> [D, H, R] -> [D, R, H]
auto * p = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, layer.attn_k_rel_w, pos_emb);
p = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, p, d_head, n_head, R);
p = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, p, 0, 2, 1, 3)); // [D, R, H]
// Q_flat @ RPE^T: [D, C*B, H] @ [D, R, H] -> [R, C*B, H]
auto * Q_flat = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, C * B, n_head);
auto * matrix_bd = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, p, Q_flat); // [R, C*B, H]
matrix_bd = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, matrix_bd, R, C, B, n_head); // [R, C, B, H]
// Blocked relative shift (appendix B of Transformer-XL)
{
matrix_bd = ggml_pad(ctx0, matrix_bd, S + 1 - R, 0, 0, 0); // [S+1, C, B, H]
matrix_bd = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, matrix_bd, (S + 1) * C, B, n_head);
matrix_bd = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, matrix_bd,
C * S, B, n_head,
matrix_bd->nb[1], matrix_bd->nb[2], 0);
matrix_bd = ggml_cont(ctx0, matrix_bd); // [C*S, B, H]
matrix_bd = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, matrix_bd, S, C, B, n_head); // [S, C, B, H]
}
matrix_ac = ggml_add(ctx0, matrix_ac, matrix_bd);
}
auto * scores = matrix_ac; // [S, C, B, H]
// Softcap
scores = ggml_scale(ctx0, scores, 1.0f / softcap);
scores = ggml_tanh(ctx0, scores);
scores = ggml_scale(ctx0, scores, softcap);
// Blocked attention mask: [S, C, B] broadcasts over H
scores = ggml_add(ctx0, scores, kq_mask);
ggml_tensor * attn = ggml_soft_max(ctx0, scores);
// attn @ V: [S,C,B,H] @ [S,D,B,H] -> [D,C,B,H]
ggml_tensor * x = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, Vblk, attn);
// [D,C,B,H] -> [D,H,C,B] via permute(0,2,3,1) -> flatten -> trim
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, x, 0, 2, 3, 1));
x = ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, x, d_head * n_head, C * B);
if (pad_seq > 0) {
x = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d_head * n_head, n_pos, x->nb[1], 0);
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, x);
}
x = build_mm(layer.o_w, x);
if (layer.o_b) { x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.o_b); }
if (layer.attn_post_norm_w) {
x = build_norm(x, layer.attn_post_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il);
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, x);
}
// Convolution Module
if (layer.norm_conv_w && layer.conv_pw1_w && layer.conv_dw_w && layer.conv_pw2_w) {
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.norm_conv_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il);
auto * x = build_mm(layer.conv_pw1_w, cur);
// GLU
{
int64_t d = x->ne[0] / 2;
ggml_tensor * gate = ggml_sigmoid(ctx0,
ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d, x->ne[1], x->nb[1], d * x->nb[0])));
x = ggml_mul(ctx0,
ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d, x->ne[1], x->nb[1], 0), gate);
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, x));
}
// Causal depthwise Conv1D via ggml_ssm_conv (pad+roll for left-only padding).
x = ggml_pad(ctx0, x, 4, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_roll(ctx0, x, 4, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_ssm_conv(ctx0, x, layer.conv_dw_w);
if (layer.conv_dw_b) {
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.conv_dw_b);
}
if (layer.conv_norm_w) {
x = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, x, norm_eps);
x = ggml_mul(ctx0, x, layer.conv_norm_w);
}
x = ggml_silu(ctx0, x);
x = build_mm(layer.conv_pw2_w, x);
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, x);
}
// FFN 2 (half-step)
if (layer.ff_norm_1_w && layer.ff_up_1_w && layer.ff_down_1_w) {
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.ff_norm_1_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_1_w, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
layer.ff_down_1_w, nullptr, FFN_SILU, il);
if (layer.ff_post_norm_1_w) {
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ff_post_norm_1_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il);
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, ggml_scale(ctx0, cur, res_weight));
}
// Layer output norm
cur = layer.ln_2_w
? build_norm(residual, layer.ln_2_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, norm_eps, il)
: residual;
}
// 4. Output Projection
if (model.audio_out_proj_w) {
cur = build_mm(model.audio_out_proj_w, cur);
if (model.audio_out_proj_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.audio_out_proj_b);
}
}
// 5. Audio Multimodal Embedder
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, norm_eps);
if (model.mm_soft_emb_norm_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_soft_emb_norm_w);
}
if (model.mm_input_proj_w) {
cur = build_mm(model.mm_input_proj_w, cur);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_gemma4a::build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const {
auto it = model.clamp_info_map.find(w->name);
if (it == model.clamp_info_map.end()) {
return ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, w, x);
}
const auto & ci = it->second;
ggml_tensor * clamped = ggml_clamp(ctx0, x, ci.inp_min, ci.inp_max);
ggml_tensor * out = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, w, clamped);
return ggml_clamp(ctx0, out, ci.out_min, ci.out_max);
}
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#include "models.h"
#include <cmath>
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_gemma4ua::build() {
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw(1);
auto cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 0, 2, 3));
// Gemma4UnifiedMultimodalEmbedder
{
// embedding_pre_projection_norm
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, hparams.eps);
cur = build_mm(model.mm_input_proj_w, cur);
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
#include <cmath>
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_gemma4uv::build() {
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
// Gemma4UnifiedVisionEmbedder uses default pytorch LayerNorm, not RMSNorm
float eps = 1e-5f; // default eps for pytorch LayerNorm
ggml_tensor * inp = nullptr;
{
// note: we cannot use ggml_conv_2d here because we need to apply norm after im2col
auto c = inp_raw->ne[2];
ggml_tensor * kernel = ggml_new_tensor_3d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, patch_size, patch_size, c);
inp = ggml_im2col(ctx0, kernel, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1, true, inp_raw->type);
// inp shape: [patch_size * patch_size * c, n_patches_w, n_patches_h]
inp = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inp, inp->ne[0], inp->ne[1] * inp->ne[2] * inp->ne[3]);
inp = build_norm(inp, model.patch_norm_1_w, model.patch_norm_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
// inp shape: [patch_size * patch_size * c, n_patches]
inp = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.patch_bias);
// inp shape: [n_embd, n_patches]
inp = build_norm(inp, model.patch_norm_2_w, model.patch_norm_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
}
ggml_tensor * pos_x = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_x, "pos_x");
ggml_set_input(pos_x);
ggml_tensor * pos_y = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_y, "pos_y");
ggml_set_input(pos_y);
{
const int64_t pos_size = model.position_embeddings->ne[1];
const size_t nb1 = ggml_row_size(model.position_embeddings->type, n_embd);
// positional embeddings are stored as lookup tables (one for x, one for y)
ggml_tensor * tbl_x = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, model.position_embeddings,
n_embd, pos_size, nb1, 0);
ggml_tensor * tbl_y = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, model.position_embeddings,
n_embd, pos_size, nb1, pos_size * nb1);
// ggml_get_rows: [n_embd, n_patches]
ggml_tensor * emb_x = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, tbl_x, pos_x);
ggml_tensor * emb_y = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, tbl_y, pos_y);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, emb_x);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, emb_y);
cb(inp, "pos_embd", -1);
// pos_norm
inp = build_norm(inp, model.patch_norm_3_w, model.patch_norm_3_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
}
auto cur = inp;
// Gemma4UnifiedMultimodalEmbedder
{
// embedding_pre_projection_norm
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, hparams.eps);
cur = build_mm(model.mm_input_proj_w, cur);
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
#include <cmath>
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_gemma4v::build() {
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
// patches = 2 * (patches - 0.5)
// equivalent to: patches * 2 - 1
inp_raw = ggml_scale_bias(ctx0, inp_raw, 2.0f, -1.0f);
ggml_set_name(inp_raw, "inp_raw_scaled");
ggml_tensor * inp = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
inp = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, inp, n_patches, n_embd, n_batch);
inp = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, inp));
ggml_set_name(inp, "inp");
// note: no patch bias
ggml_tensor * pos_x = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_x, "pos_x");
ggml_set_input(pos_x);
ggml_tensor * pos_y = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_y, "pos_y");
ggml_set_input(pos_y);
{
const int64_t pos_size = model.position_embeddings->ne[1];
const size_t nb1 = ggml_row_size(model.position_embeddings->type, n_embd);
// positional embeddings are stored as lookup tables (one for x, one for y)
ggml_tensor * tbl_x = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, model.position_embeddings,
n_embd, pos_size, nb1, 0);
ggml_tensor * tbl_y = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, model.position_embeddings,
n_embd, pos_size, nb1, pos_size * nb1);
// ggml_get_rows: [n_embd, n_patches]
ggml_tensor * emb_x = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, tbl_x, pos_x);
ggml_tensor * emb_y = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, tbl_y, pos_y);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, emb_x);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, emb_y);
cb(inp, "pos_embd", -1);
}
// similar to build_rope_2d, but use neox ordering
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
const int64_t n_dim = cur->ne[0];
const int64_t n_head = cur->ne[1];
const int64_t n_pos = cur->ne[2];
// first half
ggml_tensor * first;
{
first = ggml_view_4d(ctx0, cur,
n_dim/2, n_head, n_pos, n_batch,
cur->nb[1],
cur->nb[2],
cur->nb[3],
0);
first = ggml_rope_ext(
ctx0,
first,
pos_x, // positions
nullptr, // freq factors
n_dim/2, // n_dims
GGML_ROPE_TYPE_NEOX, 0, hparams.rope_theta,
1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
);
}
// second half
ggml_tensor * second;
{
second = ggml_view_4d(ctx0, cur,
n_dim/2, n_head, n_pos, n_batch,
cur->nb[1],
cur->nb[2],
cur->nb[3],
n_dim/2 * ggml_element_size(cur));
second = ggml_rope_ext(
ctx0,
second,
pos_y, // positions
nullptr, // freq factors
n_dim/2, // n_dims
GGML_ROPE_TYPE_NEOX, 0, hparams.rope_theta,
1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
);
}
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, first, second, 0);
return cur;
};
kq_scale = 1.0f;
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_RMS,
hparams.ffn_op,
nullptr, // pos embd is already handled above
add_pos);
// Gemma4VisionPooler
{
const int kernel_size = hparams.n_merge;
GGML_ASSERT(kernel_size > 0);
// [n_embd, n_patches] -> [n_patches_x, n_patches_y, n_embd, n_batch]
cur = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur), n_patches_x, n_patches_y, n_embd, n_batch);
cur = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, cur, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG,
kernel_size, kernel_size, kernel_size, kernel_size, 0, 0);
const int out_x = n_patches_x / kernel_size;
const int out_y = n_patches_y / kernel_size;
// [out_x, out_y, n_embd, n_batch] -> [n_embd, out_x * out_y, n_batch]
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, out_x * out_y, n_embd, n_batch);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur));
cur = ggml_scale(ctx0, cur, sqrtf((float)n_embd));
cb(cur, "pooled", -1);
}
// hidden_states = (hidden_states - self.std_bias) * self.std_scale
if (model.std_bias && model.std_scale) {
cur = ggml_sub(ctx0, cur, model.std_bias);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.std_scale);
cb(cur, "std_scaled", -1);
}
// Gemma4MultimodalEmbedder
{
// embedding_pre_projection_norm
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, hparams.eps);
cur = build_mm(model.mm_input_proj_w, cur);
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_gemma4v::build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const {
// Gemma4ClippableLinear
auto it = model.clamp_info_map.find(w->name);
if (it == model.clamp_info_map.end()) {
return ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, w, x);
} else {
const auto & clamp_info = it->second;
ggml_tensor * clamped = ggml_clamp(ctx0, x, clamp_info.inp_min, clamp_info.inp_max);
ggml_tensor * out = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, w, clamped);
out = ggml_clamp(ctx0, out, clamp_info.out_min, clamp_info.out_max);
return out;
}
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_glm4v::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_bias != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
const int batch_size = 1;
norm_type norm_t = NORM_TYPE_RMS;
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
ggml_tensor * inp = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
int mrope_sections[4] = {d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4};
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches * 4);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
GGML_ASSERT(img.nx() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
GGML_ASSERT(img.ny() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
// second conv dimension
{
auto inp_1 = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_1, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, inp_1);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 2, 0, 3); // [w, h, c, b] -> [c, w, h, b]
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
inp = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 0, 2, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
// add patch bias
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.patch_bias);
cb(inp, "patch_bias", -1);
// pos-conv norm
inp = build_norm(inp, model.norm_embd_w, model.norm_embd_b, norm_t, eps, -1);
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = nullptr;
// Note: GLM-OCR does not have learned position embeddings
if (model.position_embeddings != nullptr) {
learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings(GGML_SCALE_MODE_BICUBIC);
learned_pos_embd = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, learned_pos_embd,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
learned_pos_embd = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, learned_pos_embd,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
learned_pos_embd = ggml_permute(ctx0, learned_pos_embd, 0, 2, 1, 3);
learned_pos_embd = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, learned_pos_embd,
n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
cb(learned_pos_embd, "learned_pos_embd", -1);
}
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
return ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, cur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION,
32768, hparams.rope_theta, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
};
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
norm_t,
hparams.ffn_op,
learned_pos_embd,
add_pos);
cb(cur, "vit_out", -1);
// cb(ggml_sum(ctx0, cur), "vit_out_sum", -1);
// GLM4V projector
// ref: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/40dc11cd3eb4126652aa41ef8272525affd4a636/src/transformers/models/glm4v/modeling_glm4v.py#L116-L130
// patch merger (downsample)
{
int n_merge = hparams.n_merge;
GGML_ASSERT(n_merge > 0);
int n_token_out = n_patches / n_merge / n_merge;
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, n_merge, n_merge, n_token_out);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3)); // [n_merge, n_merge, n_embd, n_token_out]
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.mm_patch_merger_w, cur, n_merge, n_merge, 0, 0, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[2], n_token_out); // [n_embd_out, n_token_out]
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_patch_merger_b);
}
// FC projector
{
cur = build_mm(model.mm_fc_w, cur);
// default LayerNorm (post_projection_norm)
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_post_norm_w, model.mm_post_norm_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, -1);
cur = ggml_gelu_erf(ctx0, cur);
cb(cur, "after_fc_proj", -1);
}
// FFN projector
{
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_ffn_up_w, model.mm_ffn_up_b,
model.mm_ffn_gate_w, model.mm_ffn_gate_b,
model.mm_ffn_down_w, model.mm_ffn_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, -1);
cb(cur, "after_ffn_proj", -1);
// cb(ggml_sum(ctx0, cur), "merged_sum", -1);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
#include <algorithm>
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_granite_speech::build() {
const int n_frames = img.nx();
const int context_size = hparams.audio_chunk_size;
const int ctc_layer = n_layer / 2;
const int conv_kernel = hparams.audio_conv_kernel_size;
const int conv_pad = conv_kernel / 2;
const int num_blocks = (n_frames + context_size - 1) / context_size;
const int padded_len = num_blocks * context_size;
const int remainder = n_frames % context_size;
// Calculate projector input dimension based on feature layers
const int proj_input_dim = n_embd * (hparams.feature_layers.size() + 1);
const bool use_feature_concat = !hparams.feature_layers.empty();
ggml_tensor * attn_dists = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, context_size * context_size);
ggml_set_name(attn_dists, "attn_dists");
ggml_set_input(attn_dists);
ggml_tensor * attn_mask = nullptr;
if (remainder > 0) {
attn_mask = ggml_new_tensor_4d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32,
context_size, context_size, 1, num_blocks);
ggml_set_name(attn_mask, "attn_mask");
ggml_set_input(attn_mask);
}
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw(1);
auto * cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, inp));
cb(cur, "inp_transposed", -1);
cur = build_mm(model.inp_proj_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.inp_proj_b);
cb(cur, "inp_linear", -1);
// Capture layer 0 if requested (after input_linear)
ggml_tensor * concat_result = nullptr;
if (use_feature_concat) {
if (std::find(hparams.feature_layers.begin(), hparams.feature_layers.end(), 0) != hparams.feature_layers.end()) {
concat_result = cur;
cb(concat_result, "feature_layer_0", -1);
}
}
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
auto * residual = cur;
// ffn1 (half-step)
{
auto * ffn1 = build_norm(cur, layer.ff_norm_w, layer.ff_norm_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(ffn1, "ffn1_norm", il);
ffn1 = build_ffn(ffn1,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
FFN_SILU, il);
cb(ffn1, "ffn1_out", il);
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, ggml_scale(ctx0, ffn1, 0.5f));
cb(residual, "ffn1_residual", il);
}
// build_attn not used here: Shaw RPE needs pos_attn = mul_mat(pos_emb, Q)
// injected between KQ product and softmax, which build_attn doesn't support
{
auto * normed = build_norm(residual, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(normed, "attn_norm", il);
if (n_frames < padded_len) {
normed = ggml_pad(ctx0, normed, 0, padded_len - n_frames, 0, 0);
}
ggml_tensor * Q = build_mm(layer.q_w, normed);
ggml_tensor * K = build_mm(layer.k_w, normed);
ggml_tensor * V = build_mm(layer.v_w, normed);
Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Q, d_head, n_head, context_size, num_blocks);
K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, K, d_head, n_head, context_size, num_blocks);
V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, V, d_head, n_head, context_size, num_blocks);
ggml_tensor * Q_perm = ggml_permute(ctx0, Q, 0, 2, 1, 3);
ggml_tensor * K_perm = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, K, 0, 2, 1, 3));
ggml_tensor * kq = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, K_perm, Q_perm);
// Shaw RPE: pos_emb ne[2]=1 broadcasts against Q ne[2]=num_blocks in mul_mat
ggml_tensor * pos_emb = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, layer.attn_rel_pos_emb, attn_dists);
pos_emb = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, pos_emb, d_head, context_size, context_size);
pos_emb = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, pos_emb, d_head, context_size, 1, context_size);
ggml_tensor * Q_shaw = ggml_permute(ctx0, Q, 0, 1, 3, 2);
ggml_tensor * pos_attn = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, pos_emb, Q_shaw);
pos_attn = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, pos_attn, 0, 2, 3, 1));
ggml_tensor * scores = ggml_add(ctx0, kq, pos_attn);
ggml_tensor * attn_weights = ggml_soft_max_ext(ctx0, scores, attn_mask,
kq_scale, 0.0f);
ggml_tensor * V_perm = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, V, 1, 2, 0, 3));
ggml_tensor * attn_out = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, V_perm, attn_weights);
attn_out = ggml_permute(ctx0, attn_out, 0, 2, 1, 3);
attn_out = ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, attn_out, n_embd, padded_len);
if (n_frames < padded_len) {
attn_out = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, attn_out,
n_embd, n_frames, attn_out->nb[1], 0);
}
cur = build_mm(layer.o_w, attn_out);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, layer.o_b);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, cur);
// conv module
{
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.norm_conv_w, layer.norm_conv_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "conv_norm", il);
auto * x = build_mm(layer.conv_pw1_w, cur);
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.conv_pw1_b);
cb(x, "conv_pw1", il);
// GLU: ggml has no fused op, manual split + sigmoid gate
{
int64_t d = x->ne[0] / 2;
ggml_tensor * gate = ggml_sigmoid(ctx0,
ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d, x->ne[1], x->nb[1], d * x->nb[0]));
x = ggml_mul(ctx0,
ggml_view_2d(ctx0, x, d, x->ne[1], x->nb[1], 0), gate);
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, x));
}
cb(x, "conv_glu", il);
x = ggml_pad(ctx0, x, conv_pad, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_roll(ctx0, x, conv_pad, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_pad(ctx0, x, conv_pad, 0, 0, 0);
x = ggml_ssm_conv(ctx0, x, layer.conv_dw_w);
cb(x, "conv_dw", il);
// folded batch norm
x = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, x, layer.conv_norm_w), layer.conv_norm_b);
x = ggml_silu(ctx0, x);
cb(x, "conv_bn_silu", il);
x = build_mm(layer.conv_pw2_w, x);
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, layer.conv_pw2_b);
cb(x, "conv_pw2", il);
cur = x;
}
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, cur);
// ffn2 (half-step)
{
auto * ffn2 = build_norm(residual, layer.ff_norm_1_w, layer.ff_norm_1_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(ffn2, "ffn2_norm", il);
ffn2 = build_ffn(ffn2,
layer.ff_up_1_w, layer.ff_up_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
layer.ff_down_1_w, layer.ff_down_1_b,
FFN_SILU, il);
cb(ffn2, "ffn2_out", il);
residual = ggml_add(ctx0, residual, ggml_scale(ctx0, ffn2, 0.5f));
}
cur = build_norm(residual, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
// Capture intermediate layer (il + 1) if requested
if (use_feature_concat) {
if (hparams.is_feature_layer(il + 1)) {
if (concat_result == nullptr) {
concat_result = cur;
} else {
concat_result = ggml_concat(ctx0, concat_result, cur, 0);
}
cb(concat_result, string_format("feature_layer_%d", il + 1).c_str(), il);
}
}
// CTC branch
if (il + 1 == ctc_layer) {
auto * mid = build_mm(model.ctc_out_w, cur);
mid = ggml_add(ctx0, mid, model.ctc_out_b);
mid = ggml_soft_max(ctx0, mid);
mid = build_mm(model.ctc_out_mid_w, mid);
mid = ggml_add(ctx0, mid, model.ctc_out_mid_b);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, mid);
cb(cur, "ctc_branch", il);
}
}
// Append final output to concatenated features if using feature concatenation
if (use_feature_concat && concat_result != nullptr) {
concat_result = ggml_concat(ctx0, concat_result, cur, 0);
cb(concat_result, "concat_final", -1);
cur = concat_result;
}
cb(cur, "encoder_out", -1);
// QFormer projector
{
const int window_size = hparams.audio_proj_window_size;
const int num_queries = window_size / hparams.audio_proj_downsample_rate;
const int proj_n_head = hparams.audio_proj_head_count;
const int proj_d_head = n_embd / proj_n_head;
const float proj_kq_scale = 1.0f / sqrtf((float)proj_d_head);
const float proj_eps = 1e-12f;
const int nblocks_proj = (n_frames + window_size - 1) / window_size;
const int padded_proj = nblocks_proj * window_size;
if (n_frames < padded_proj) {
cur = ggml_pad(ctx0, cur, 0, padded_proj - n_frames, 0, 0);
}
ggml_tensor * enc_windows = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, proj_input_dim, window_size, nblocks_proj);
ggml_tensor * queries = build_norm(model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_query,
model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_norm_w, model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_norm_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, proj_eps, -1);
{
ggml_tensor * q_3d = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, queries, n_embd, num_queries, 1);
ggml_tensor * q_shape = ggml_new_tensor_3d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32,
n_embd, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
queries = ggml_repeat(ctx0, q_3d, q_shape);
}
for (int il = 0; il < (int)model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_layers.size(); il++) {
const auto & pl = model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_layers[il];
// self-attention
{
ggml_tensor * Q = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(pl.q_w, queries), pl.q_b);
ggml_tensor * K = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(pl.k_w, queries), pl.k_b);
ggml_tensor * V = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(pl.v_w, queries), pl.v_b);
Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Q, proj_d_head, proj_n_head, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, K, proj_d_head, proj_n_head, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, V, proj_d_head, proj_n_head, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
ggml_tensor * sa_out = build_attn(pl.o_w, pl.o_b,
Q, K, V, nullptr, proj_kq_scale, il);
sa_out = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, sa_out, n_embd, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
queries = build_norm(ggml_add(ctx0, sa_out, queries),
pl.ln_1_w, pl.ln_1_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, proj_eps, il);
}
// cross-attention
{
ggml_tensor * Q = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(pl.cross_attn_q_w, queries), pl.cross_attn_q_b);
ggml_tensor * K = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(pl.cross_attn_k_w, enc_windows), pl.cross_attn_k_b);
ggml_tensor * V = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(pl.cross_attn_v_w, enc_windows), pl.cross_attn_v_b);
Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Q, proj_d_head, proj_n_head, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, K, proj_d_head, proj_n_head, window_size, nblocks_proj);
V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, V, proj_d_head, proj_n_head, window_size, nblocks_proj);
ggml_tensor * ca_out = build_attn(pl.cross_attn_o_w, pl.cross_attn_o_b,
Q, K, V, nullptr, proj_kq_scale, il);
ca_out = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, ca_out, n_embd, num_queries, nblocks_proj);
queries = build_norm(ggml_add(ctx0, ca_out, queries),
pl.cross_attn_norm_w, pl.cross_attn_norm_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, proj_eps, il);
}
// ffn
{
ggml_tensor * ffn_out = build_ffn(queries,
pl.ff_up_w, pl.ff_up_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
pl.ff_down_w, pl.ff_down_b,
FFN_GELU, il);
queries = build_norm(ggml_add(ctx0, ffn_out, queries),
pl.ln_2_w, pl.ln_2_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, proj_eps, il);
}
}
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, queries, n_embd, num_queries * nblocks_proj);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, build_mm(model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_linear_w, cur), model.qf_proj_blocks[0].qf_proj_linear_b);
cb(cur, "projector_out", -1);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
#include "../clip-impl.h"
#include "../clip-model.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
/*
* Granite Vision 4.1 clip graph
*
* Stage 1a: SigLIP vision tower (N layers, post-norm)
* Stage 1b: WindowQFormer blocks (deepstack + spatial)
* Stage 1c: Concatenate and pack outputs
* Stage 1d: Append newline tokens if add_newline is set
*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Member method implementations
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_granite4_vision::gather(
ggml_tensor * src,
const std::string & name,
int idx_len) {
ggml_tensor * idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, idx_len);
ggml_set_name(idx, name.c_str());
ggml_set_input(idx);
return ggml_get_rows(ctx0, src, idx);
}
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_granite4_vision::interp_down(
ggml_tensor * src,
int side,
int new_side) {
const int n_embd = src->ne[0];
ggml_tensor * t = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, src, n_embd, side, side, 1);
t = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, t, 2, 0, 1, 3));
const int kernel = side / new_side;
t = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, t, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, kernel, kernel, kernel, kernel, 0, 0);
t = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, t, 1, 2, 0, 3));
return ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, t, n_embd, new_side * new_side);
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// build_block - WindowQFormer block implementation
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_granite4_vision::build_block(
const qf_block & blk,
ggml_tensor * h,
int bid,
int spatial_offset,
int image_side,
int window_side,
int query_side,
float qformer_eps) {
const int n_embd = h->ne[0];
GGML_ASSERT(h->ne[1] == image_side * image_side);
const int n = image_side / window_side;
const int new_side = n * query_side;
const int n_windows = n * n;
const int enc_len = window_side * window_side;
const int query_len = query_side * query_side;
auto cbx = [&](ggml_tensor * & t, const char * step) {
const std::string name = "g4v_blk" + std::to_string(bid) + "_" + step;
ggml_set_name(t, name.c_str());
};
// 1. Top-level LN
cbx(h, "inp");
ggml_tensor * x = build_norm(h, blk.qf_proj_norm_w, blk.qf_proj_norm_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, bid);
cbx(x, "norm");
// 2. enc = _win(x, image_side, window_side)
ggml_tensor * enc;
{
ggml_tensor * enc_flat = gather(x,
"g4v_blk" + std::to_string(bid) + "_win_idx",
image_side * image_side);
enc = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, enc_flat, n_embd, enc_len, n_windows);
}
cbx(enc, "enc");
// 3. downsampled = downsampler(x)
ggml_tensor * d;
(void) spatial_offset;
if (spatial_offset >= 0) {
d = gather(x,
"g4v_blk" + std::to_string(bid) + "_spatial_idx",
new_side * new_side);
} else {
d = interp_down(x, image_side, new_side);
}
cbx(d, "downsampled");
// 4. query_embeds = query + _win(d, new_side, query_side)
ggml_tensor * q_in;
{
ggml_tensor * dw_flat = gather(d,
"g4v_blk" + std::to_string(bid) + "_qwin_idx",
new_side * new_side);
ggml_tensor * dw = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, dw_flat, n_embd, query_len, n_windows);
q_in = ggml_add(ctx0, dw, blk.qf_proj_query);
}
cbx(q_in, "query_embeds");
// 5. encoder_embeds = enc + image_positions → (C, enc_len, n_windows)
ggml_tensor * e_in = ggml_add(ctx0, enc, blk.qf_proj_img_pos);
cbx(e_in, "encoder_embeds");
// 6. Qformer forward.
ggml_tensor * q = build_norm(q_in, blk.qf_proj_post_norm_w, blk.qf_proj_post_norm_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, qformer_eps, bid);
// Helper for linear projections with window batching
auto linear = [&](ggml_tensor * x, ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * b) -> ggml_tensor * {
ggml_tensor * t = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, x, x->ne[0], x->ne[1] * x->ne[2]);
t = build_mm(w, t);
if (b) t = ggml_add(ctx0, t, b);
return t;
};
// Get the single QFormer layer
GGML_ASSERT(blk.qf_proj_layers.size() == 1);
const auto & pl = blk.qf_proj_layers[0];
// 6a. Self-attention
ggml_tensor * sa_out;
{
const int d_h = 64;
const int n_head = n_embd / d_h;
const int nq = q->ne[1];
const float scale = 1.0f / std::sqrt((float) d_h);
ggml_tensor * Q = linear(q, pl.q_w, pl.q_b);
ggml_tensor * K = linear(q, pl.k_w, pl.k_b);
ggml_tensor * V = linear(q, pl.v_w, pl.v_b);
Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Q, d_h, n_head, nq, n_windows);
K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, K, d_h, n_head, nq, n_windows);
V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, V, d_h, n_head, nq, n_windows);
sa_out = build_attn(pl.o_w, pl.o_b, Q, K, V, nullptr, scale, bid);
sa_out = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, sa_out, n_embd, nq, n_windows);
sa_out = ggml_add(ctx0, sa_out, q);
sa_out = build_norm(sa_out, pl.ln_1_w, pl.ln_1_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, qformer_eps, bid);
}
cbx(sa_out, "sa_out");
// 6b. Cross-attention
ggml_tensor * ca_out;
{
const int d_h = 64;
const int n_head = n_embd / d_h;
const int nq = sa_out->ne[1];
const int nkv = e_in->ne[1];
const float scale = 1.0f / std::sqrt((float) d_h);
ggml_tensor * Q = linear(sa_out, pl.cross_attn_q_w, pl.cross_attn_q_b);
ggml_tensor * K = linear(e_in, pl.cross_attn_k_w, pl.cross_attn_k_b);
ggml_tensor * V = linear(e_in, pl.cross_attn_v_w, pl.cross_attn_v_b);
Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Q, d_h, n_head, nq, n_windows);
K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, K, d_h, n_head, nkv, n_windows);
V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, V, d_h, n_head, nkv, n_windows);
ca_out = build_attn(pl.cross_attn_o_w, pl.cross_attn_o_b,
Q, K, V, nullptr, scale, bid);
ca_out = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, ca_out, n_embd, nq, n_windows);
ca_out = ggml_add(ctx0, ca_out, sa_out);
ca_out = build_norm(ca_out, pl.cross_attn_norm_w, pl.cross_attn_norm_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, qformer_eps, bid);
}
cbx(ca_out, "ca_out");
// 6c. FFN
ggml_tensor * ffn;
{
ggml_tensor * t = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, ca_out, n_embd, query_len * n_windows);
t = build_mm(pl.ff_up_w, t);
if (pl.ff_up_b) t = ggml_add(ctx0, t, pl.ff_up_b);
t = ggml_gelu_erf(ctx0, t);
t = build_mm(pl.ff_down_w, t);
if (pl.ff_down_b) t = ggml_add(ctx0, t, pl.ff_down_b);
t = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, t, n_embd, query_len, n_windows);
ffn = ggml_add(ctx0, t, ca_out);
ffn = build_norm(ffn, pl.ln_2_w, pl.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, qformer_eps, bid);
}
cbx(ffn, "qformer_out");
// 7. _unwin back to raster
ggml_tensor * unwinned;
{
ggml_tensor * flat = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, ffn, n_embd, query_len * n_windows);
unwinned = gather(flat,
"g4v_blk" + std::to_string(bid) + "_unwin_idx",
new_side * new_side);
}
cbx(unwinned, "unwin");
// 8. out_linear
ggml_tensor * out = build_mm(blk.qf_proj_linear_w, unwinned);
if (blk.qf_proj_linear_b) out = ggml_add(ctx0, out, blk.qf_proj_linear_b);
cbx(out, "out");
return out;
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// build() - top-level graph
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Build the K-tiled, base-scaled newline row tensor.
// Shape: (n_mmproj_embd, 1)
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_granite4_vision::build_newline_row(ggml_context * ctx0) {
const int K = (int) model.qf_proj_blocks.size();
GGML_ASSERT(K > 0);
GGML_ASSERT(n_mmproj_embd % K == 0);
const int projection_dim = n_mmproj_embd / K;
GGML_ASSERT(model.image_newline != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_nelements(model.image_newline) == projection_dim);
// Build newline_row[k*projection_dim + d] = nl[d] * (k == 0 ? base : 1.0)
ggml_tensor * nl = model.image_newline; // (projection_dim,)
ggml_tensor * nl_first_2d = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, nl, projection_dim, 1);
ggml_tensor * nl_row_2d;
if (K == 1) {
nl_row_2d = nl_first_2d;
} else {
ggml_tensor * nl_2d = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, nl, projection_dim, 1);
ggml_tensor * rest_template = ggml_new_tensor_2d(
ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, projection_dim, K - 1);
ggml_tensor * nl_rest = ggml_repeat(ctx0, nl_2d, rest_template);
nl_row_2d = ggml_concat(ctx0, nl_first_2d, nl_rest, 1); // (projection_dim, K)
}
nl_row_2d = ggml_cont(ctx0, nl_row_2d);
return ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, nl_row_2d, n_mmproj_embd, 1);
}
// Append a single newline row at the end of the tile output.
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_granite4_vision::append_rowwise_newlines(ggml_context * ctx0, ggml_tensor * tile_output) {
// For the single-tile case, append one newline row at the end.
// For the multi-tile rowwise case, this will be called per-tile
// (though currently only the single-tile path uses it).
ggml_tensor * nl_row = build_newline_row(ctx0);
return ggml_concat(ctx0, tile_output, nl_row, 1);
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_granite4_vision::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_embeddings_0 != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(!model.qf_proj_blocks.empty());
// --- Stage 1a: SigLIP encoder producing intermediate hidden states ---
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.position_embeddings);
cb(inp, "pos_embed", -1);
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
std::vector<ggml_tensor *> layer_outs(n_layer, nullptr);
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; ++il) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL;
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
// Self-attention
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(layer.q_w, cur);
if (layer.q_b) Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.q_b);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(layer.k_w, cur);
if (layer.k_b) Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Kcur, layer.k_b);
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(layer.v_w, cur);
if (layer.v_b) Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Vcur, layer.v_b);
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur;
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
layer_outs[il] = cur;
inpL = cur;
}
// --- Stage 1b/1c: WindowQFormer blocks ---
const int projector_count = hparams.feature_layers.size();
const float qformer_eps = 1e-12f;
ggml_tensor * mmproj = nullptr;
for (int bid = 0; bid < projector_count; ++bid) {
const auto & blk = model.qf_proj_blocks[bid];
int vlayer = hparams.feature_layers[bid];
GGML_ASSERT(vlayer >= 0 && vlayer < n_layer);
ggml_tensor * h = layer_outs[vlayer];
ggml_tensor * stream = build_block(
blk, h, bid,
hparams.proj_spatial_offsets[bid],
n_patches_x,
hparams.downsample_window_side,
hparams.downsample_query_side,
qformer_eps);
cb(stream, (std::string("proj_") + std::to_string(bid) + std::string("_v_out")).c_str(), vlayer);
mmproj = mmproj ? ggml_concat(ctx0, mmproj, stream, 0) : stream;
}
// --- Stage 1d: Append newline tokens if add_newline is set ---
if (add_newline) {
mmproj = append_rowwise_newlines(ctx0, mmproj);
ggml_set_name(mmproj, "g4v_mmproj_out_nl");
} else {
ggml_set_name(mmproj, "g4v_mmproj_out");
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, mmproj);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_hunyuanvl::build() {
const int merge = hparams.n_merge;
const int pw = n_patches_x;
const int ph = n_patches_y;
// position embedding: declared as a graph input, filled on CPU
// by clip_image_batch_encode (see PROJECTOR_TYPE_HUNYUANVL branch there).
ggml_tensor * pos_embd = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, ph * pw);
ggml_set_name(pos_embd, "hunyuanvl_pos_embd");
ggml_set_input(pos_embd);
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(inp, n_patches, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, hparams.ffn_op, pos_embd, nullptr);
// perceiver projector
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_pre_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, eps, -1);
// [C, W*H] -> [W, H, C] for conv2d
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, pw, ph);
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
// Conv2d(1152->2304, k=2, s=2) + GELU + Conv2d(2304->4608, k=1, s=1)
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.mm_0_w, cur, merge, merge, 0, 0, 1, 1);
if (model.mm_0_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, model.mm_0_b, 1, 1, model.mm_0_b->ne[0]));
}
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.mm_1_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
if (model.mm_1_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, model.mm_1_b, 1, 1, model.mm_1_b->ne[0]));
}
const int ow = pw / merge;
const int oh = ph / merge;
const int idim = (int)cur->ne[2]; // OC = 4608
// append newline along W (dim 0)
ggml_tensor * nl = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, model.image_newline, 1, 1, idim, 1);
nl = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, nl, 1, oh, idim, 1);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, nl, 0);
// [OW+1, OH, OC] -> [OC, (OW+1)*OH]
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 2, 0, 3);
cur = ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, cur, idim, (ow + 1) * oh);
// project to LLM hidden size
cur = build_mm(model.mm_model_proj, cur);
if (model.mm_model_proj_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_model_proj_b);
}
// wrap with begin/end tokens
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, model.mm_img_begin, model.mm_img_begin->ne[0], 1), cur, 1);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, model.mm_img_end, model.mm_img_end->ne[0], 1), 1);
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_post_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, eps, -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_internvl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
const int n_pos = n_patches + 1;
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
// add CLS token
ggml_tensor * cls_repeated = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, model.class_embedding,
model.class_embedding->ne[0], 1, n_batch, 1);
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, inp, cls_repeated, 1);
// The larger models use a different ViT, which uses RMS norm instead of layer norm
// ref: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/13443#issuecomment-2869786188
norm_type norm_t = (hparams.n_embd == 3200 && hparams.n_layer == 45)
? NORM_TYPE_RMS // 6B ViT (Used by InternVL 2.5/3 - 26B, 38B, 78B)
: NORM_TYPE_NORMAL; // 300M ViT (Used by all smaller InternVL models)
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_pos,
norm_t,
hparams.ffn_op,
model.position_embeddings,
nullptr);
// remove CLS token
cur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd, n_patches, n_batch,
cur->nb[1], cur->nb[2], 0);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
// pixel shuffle
{
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
const int bsz = n_batch;
const int height = n_patches_y;
const int width = n_patches_x;
GGML_ASSERT(scale_factor > 0);
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, n_embd * scale_factor, height / scale_factor, width, bsz);
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3);
cur = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd * scale_factor * scale_factor,
height / scale_factor,
width / scale_factor,
bsz);
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3);
// flatten to 2D
cur = ggml_cont_3d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd * scale_factor * scale_factor,
cur->ne[1] * cur->ne[2],
cur->ne[3]);
}
// projector (always using GELU activation)
{
// projector LayerNorm uses pytorch's default eps = 1e-5
// ref: https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL3-8B-Instruct/blob/a34d3e4e129a5856abfd6aa6de79776484caa14e/modeling_internvl_chat.py#L79
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-5, -1);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_3_w, model.mm_3_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
// note: this is similar to clip_graph::resize_position_embeddings, major difference is having
// the w/h in ne[1] and ne[2] instead of assuming with sqrt. Could try storing the tensor in 2D instead
// with a w*h? Also the permute is a bit different at (2, 1, 0, 3) instead of (2, 0, 1, 3).
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_kimik25::resize_position_embeddings_3d(uint32_t interpolation_mode) {
ggml_tensor * pos_embd = model.position_embeddings;
const int height = img.ny() / patch_size;
const int width = img.nx() / patch_size;
const uint32_t mode = interpolation_mode;
GGML_ASSERT(pos_embd);
const int64_t stored_c = pos_embd->ne[0]; // C = 1152
const int64_t orig_w = pos_embd->ne[1]; // W = 64
const int64_t orig_h = pos_embd->ne[2]; // H = 64
GGML_ASSERT(stored_c == n_embd);
if (height == (int)orig_h && width == (int)orig_w) {
// No interpolation needed, just flatten to [C, H*W]
return ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, pos_embd, n_embd, width * height);
}
pos_embd = ggml_permute(ctx0, pos_embd, 2, 1, 0, 3);
pos_embd = ggml_interpolate(ctx0, pos_embd, height, width, n_embd, 1, mode);
pos_embd = ggml_permute(ctx0, pos_embd, 2, 1, 0, 3);
pos_embd = ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, pos_embd, n_embd, width * height);
return pos_embd;
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_kimik25::build() {
ggml_tensor * pos_h = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_h, "pos_h");
ggml_set_input(pos_h);
ggml_tensor * pos_w = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_w, "pos_w");
ggml_set_input(pos_w);
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings_3d(GGML_SCALE_MODE_BICUBIC);
// Kimi-K2.5 uses interleaved 2D RoPE pattern natively, but
// Q / K are permuted during conversion to use split format.
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
cur = build_rope_2d(ctx0, cur, pos_w, pos_h, hparams.rope_theta, false);
return cur;
};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
// I don't know why, but doing this in the build_vit lead to the ggml_add not occurring?
// Doing it manually here does work.
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, learned_pos_embd);
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
nullptr,
add_pos);
cb(cur, "vit_out", -1);
{
// patch_merger
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, scale_factor);
// projection norm
int proj_inp_dim = cur->ne[0];
int n_merged_patches = cur->ne[1];
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd, n_merged_patches * scale_factor * scale_factor,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd), 0);
cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, hparams.eps);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_input_norm_w);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_input_norm_b);
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur,
proj_inp_dim, n_merged_patches,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, proj_inp_dim), 0);
cb(cur, "proj_inp_normed", -1);
// projection mlp
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
cb(cur, "proj_out", -1);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_kimivl::build() {
// 2D input positions
ggml_tensor * pos_h = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_h, "pos_h");
ggml_set_input(pos_h);
ggml_tensor * pos_w = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_w, "pos_w");
ggml_set_input(pos_w);
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings();
// build ViT with 2D position embeddings
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
// first half is X axis and second half is Y axis
return build_rope_2d(ctx0, cur, pos_w, pos_h, hparams.rope_theta, false);
};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
learned_pos_embd,
add_pos);
cb(cur, "vit_out", -1);
{
// patch_merger
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, scale_factor);
// projection norm
int proj_inp_dim = cur->ne[0];
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd, cur->ne[1] * scale_factor * scale_factor,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd), 0);
cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, 1e-5); // default nn.LayerNorm
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_input_norm_w);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_input_norm_b);
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur,
proj_inp_dim, cur->ne[1] / scale_factor / scale_factor,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, proj_inp_dim), 0);
cb(cur, "proj_inp_normed", -1);
// projection mlp
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
cb(cur, "proj_out", -1);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_llama4::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
const int n_pos = n_patches + 1; // +1 for [CLS]
// 2D input positions
ggml_tensor * pos_h = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(pos_h, "pos_h");
ggml_set_input(pos_h);
ggml_tensor * pos_w = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(pos_w, "pos_w");
ggml_set_input(pos_w);
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw();
// Llama4UnfoldConvolution
{
ggml_tensor * kernel = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0,
patch_size, patch_size, 3, n_embd);
inp = ggml_im2col(ctx0, kernel, inp, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1, true, inp->type);
inp = build_mm(model.patch_embeddings_0, inp);
inp = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inp, n_embd, n_patches);
cb(inp, "patch_conv", -1);
}
// add CLS token
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, inp, model.class_embedding, 1);
// build ViT with 2D position embeddings
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
// first half is X axis and second half is Y axis
// ref: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/40a493c7ed4f19f08eadb0639cf26d49bfa5e180/src/transformers/models/llama4/modeling_llama4.py#L1312
// ref: https://github.com/Blaizzy/mlx-vlm/blob/a57156aa87b33cca6e5ee6cfc14dd4ef8f611be6/mlx_vlm/models/llama4/vision.py#L441
return build_rope_2d(ctx0, cur, pos_w, pos_h, hparams.rope_theta, false);
};
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_pos,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
model.position_embeddings,
add_pos);
// remove CLS token
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd, n_patches,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd), 0);
// pixel shuffle
// based on Llama4VisionPixelShuffleMLP
// https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/2932f318a20d9e54cc7aea052e040164d85de7d6/src/transformers/models/llama4/modeling_llama4.py#L1151
{
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
const int bsz = 1; // batch size, always 1 for now since we don't support batching
GGML_ASSERT(scale_factor > 0);
GGML_ASSERT(n_patches_x == n_patches_y); // llama4 only supports square images
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd * scale_factor,
n_patches_x / scale_factor,
n_patches_y,
bsz);
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3);
cur = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd * scale_factor * scale_factor,
n_patches_x / scale_factor,
n_patches_y / scale_factor,
bsz);
//cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3);
// flatten to 2D
cur = ggml_cont_2d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd * scale_factor * scale_factor,
n_patches / scale_factor / scale_factor);
cb(cur, "pixel_shuffle", -1);
}
// based on Llama4VisionMLP2 (always uses GELU activation, no bias)
{
cur = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_1_w, cur);
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
cur = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_2_w, cur);
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
cb(cur, "adapter_mlp", -1);
}
// Llama4MultiModalProjector
cur = build_mm(model.mm_model_proj, cur);
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
// this graph is used by llava, granite and glm
// due to having embedding_stack (used by granite), we cannot reuse build_vit
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_llava::build() {
const int batch_size = 1;
const int n_pos = n_patches + (model.class_embedding ? 1 : 0);
GGML_ASSERT(n_patches_x == n_patches_y && "only square images supported");
// Calculate the deepest feature layer based on hparams and projector type
int max_feature_layer = n_layer;
{
// Get the index of the second to last layer; this is the default for models that have a llava projector
int il_last = hparams.n_layer - 1;
int deepest_feature_layer = -1;
if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MINICPMV || proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLM_EDGE) {
il_last += 1;
}
// If we set explicit vision feature layers, only go up to the deepest one
// NOTE: only used by granite-vision models for now
for (const auto & feature_layer : hparams.feature_layers) {
if (feature_layer > deepest_feature_layer) {
deepest_feature_layer = feature_layer;
}
}
max_feature_layer = deepest_feature_layer < 0 ? il_last : deepest_feature_layer;
}
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
// concat class_embeddings and patch_embeddings
if (model.class_embedding) {
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, inp, model.class_embedding, 1);
}
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, ggml_get_rows(ctx0, model.position_embeddings, positions));
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
// pre-layernorm
if (model.pre_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.pre_ln_w, model.pre_ln_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
cb(inpL, "pre_ln", -1);
}
std::vector<ggml_tensor *> embedding_stack;
// loop over layers
for (int il = 0; il < max_feature_layer; il++) {
auto & layer = model.layers[il];
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
// If this is an embedding feature layer, save the output.
// NOTE: 0 index here refers to the input to the encoder.
if (hparams.is_feature_layer(il)) {
embedding_stack.push_back(cur);
}
// layernorm1
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "layer_inp_normed", il);
// self-attention
{
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(layer.q_w, cur);
if (layer.q_b) {
Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.q_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(layer.k_w, cur);
if (layer.k_b) {
Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Kcur, layer.k_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(layer.v_w, cur);
if (layer.v_b) {
Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Vcur, layer.v_b);
}
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
// re-add the layer input, e.g., residual
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
// layernorm2
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
// ffn
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
// residual 2
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
}
// post-layernorm
if (model.post_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
}
ggml_tensor * embeddings = inpL;
// process vision feature layers (used by granite)
{
// final layer is a vision feature layer
if (hparams.is_feature_layer(max_feature_layer)) {
embedding_stack.push_back(inpL);
}
// If feature layers are explicitly set, stack them (if we have multiple)
if (!embedding_stack.empty()) {
embeddings = embedding_stack[0];
for (size_t i = 1; i < embedding_stack.size(); i++) {
embeddings = ggml_concat(ctx0, embeddings, embedding_stack[i], 0);
}
}
}
// llava projector (also used by granite)
if (hparams.has_llava_projector) {
embeddings = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, embeddings, embeddings->ne[0], embeddings->ne[1]);
ggml_tensor * patches = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(patches, "patches");
ggml_set_input(patches);
// shape [1, 576, 1024]
// ne is whcn, ne = [1024, 576, 1, 1]
embeddings = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, embeddings, patches);
// print_tensor_info(embeddings, "embeddings");
// llava projector
if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MLP) {
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_0_w, embeddings);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_0_b);
embeddings = ggml_gelu(ctx0, embeddings);
if (model.mm_2_w) {
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_2_w, embeddings);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_2_b);
}
}
else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MLP_NORM) {
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_0_w, embeddings);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_0_b);
// ggml_tensor_printf(embeddings, "mm_0_w",0,true,false);
// First LayerNorm
embeddings = ggml_norm(ctx0, embeddings, eps);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_1_w),
model.mm_1_b);
// GELU activation
embeddings = ggml_gelu(ctx0, embeddings);
// Second linear layer
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_3_w, embeddings);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_3_b);
// Second LayerNorm
embeddings = ggml_norm(ctx0, embeddings, eps);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_4_w),
model.mm_4_b);
}
else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_LDP) {
// MobileVLM projector
int n_patch = 24;
ggml_tensor * mlp_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_1_w, embeddings);
mlp_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, mlp_1, model.mm_model_mlp_1_b);
mlp_1 = ggml_gelu(ctx0, mlp_1);
ggml_tensor * mlp_3 = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_3_w, mlp_1);
mlp_3 = ggml_add(ctx0, mlp_3, model.mm_model_mlp_3_b);
// mlp_3 shape = [1, 576, 2048], ne = [2048, 576, 1, 1]
// block 1
ggml_tensor * block_1 = nullptr;
{
// transpose from [1, 576, 2048] --> [1, 2048, 576] --> [1, 2048, 24, 24]
mlp_3 = ggml_permute(ctx0, mlp_3, 1, 0, 2, 3);
mlp_3 = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, mlp_3, n_patch, n_patch, mlp_3->ne[1], mlp_3->ne[2]);
// stride = 1, padding = 1, bias is nullptr
block_1 = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, model.mm_model_block_1_block_0_0_w, mlp_3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1);
// layer norm
// // block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 24, 24], ne = [24, 24, 2048, 1]
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 1, 2, 0, 3));
// block_1 shape = [1, 24, 24, 2048], ne = [2048, 24, 24, 1]
block_1 = ggml_norm(ctx0, block_1, eps);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_1_block_0_1_w), model.mm_model_block_1_block_0_1_b);
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 2, 0, 1, 3));
// block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 24, 24], ne = [24, 24, 2048, 1]
// hardswish
ggml_tensor * block_1_hw = ggml_hardswish(ctx0, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, block_1_hw, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, block_1_hw->ne[0], block_1_hw->ne[1], block_1_hw->ne[0], block_1_hw->ne[1], 0, 0);
// block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 1, 1], ne = [1, 1, 2048, 1]
// pointwise conv
block_1 = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, block_1, block_1->ne[0]*block_1->ne[1]*block_1->ne[2], block_1->ne[3]);
block_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc1_w, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc1_b);
block_1 = ggml_relu(ctx0, block_1);
block_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc2_w, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_1_block_1_fc2_b);
block_1 = ggml_hardsigmoid(ctx0, block_1);
// block_1_hw shape = [1, 2048, 24, 24], ne = [24, 24, 2048, 1], block_1 shape = [1, 2048], ne = [2048, 1, 1, 1]
block_1 = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, block_1, 1, 1, block_1->ne[0], block_1->ne[1]);
block_1 = ggml_mul(ctx0, block_1_hw, block_1);
int w = block_1->ne[0], h = block_1->ne[1];
block_1 = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, block_1, w*h, block_1->ne[2], block_1->ne[3]);
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 1, 0, 2, 3));
// block_1 shape = [1, 24*24, 2048], ne = [24*24, 2048, 1]
block_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_block_1_block_2_0_w, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, block_1, block_1->ne[0], w, h, block_1->ne[3]);
// block_1 shape = [1, 24, 24, 2048], ne = [2048, 24, 24, 1]
block_1 = ggml_norm(ctx0, block_1, eps);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_1_block_2_1_w), model.mm_model_block_1_block_2_1_b);
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 2, 0, 1, 3));
// block1 shape = [1, 2048, 24, 24], ne = [24, 24, 2048, 1]
// residual
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, mlp_3, block_1);
}
// block_2
{
// stride = 2
block_1 = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, model.mm_model_block_2_block_0_0_w, block_1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
// block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 12, 12], ne = [12, 12, 2048, 1]
// layer norm
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 1, 2, 0, 3));
// block_1 shape = [1, 12, 12, 2048], ne = [2048, 12, 12, 1]
block_1 = ggml_norm(ctx0, block_1, eps);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_2_block_0_1_w), model.mm_model_block_2_block_0_1_b);
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 2, 0, 1, 3));
// block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 12, 12], ne = [12, 12, 2048, 1]
// hardswish
ggml_tensor * block_1_hw = ggml_hardswish(ctx0, block_1);
// not sure the parameters is right for globalAvgPooling
block_1 = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, block_1_hw, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, block_1_hw->ne[0], block_1_hw->ne[1], block_1_hw->ne[0], block_1_hw->ne[1], 0, 0);
// block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 1, 1], ne = [1, 1, 2048, 1]
// pointwise conv
block_1 = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, block_1, block_1->ne[0]*block_1->ne[1]*block_1->ne[2], block_1->ne[3]);
block_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc1_w, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc1_b);
block_1 = ggml_relu(ctx0, block_1);
block_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc2_w, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_2_block_1_fc2_b);
block_1 = ggml_hardsigmoid(ctx0, block_1);
// block_1_hw shape = [1, 2048, 12, 12], ne = [12, 12, 2048, 1], block_1 shape = [1, 2048, 1, 1], ne = [1, 1, 2048, 1]
block_1 = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, block_1, 1, 1, block_1->ne[0], block_1->ne[1]);
block_1 = ggml_mul(ctx0, block_1_hw, block_1);
int w = block_1->ne[0], h = block_1->ne[1];
block_1 = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, block_1, w*h, block_1->ne[2], block_1->ne[3]);
block_1 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, block_1, 1, 0, 2, 3));
// block_1 shape = [1, 24*24, 2048], ne = [24*24, 2048, 1]
block_1 = build_mm(model.mm_model_block_2_block_2_0_w, block_1);
block_1 = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, block_1, block_1->ne[0], w, h, block_1->ne[3]);
// block_1 shape = [1, 12, 12, 2048], ne = [2048, 12, 12, 1]
block_1 = ggml_norm(ctx0, block_1, eps);
block_1 = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, block_1, model.mm_model_block_2_block_2_1_w), model.mm_model_block_2_block_2_1_b);
block_1 = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, block_1, block_1->ne[0], block_1->ne[1] * block_1->ne[2], block_1->ne[3]);
// block_1 shape = [1, 144, 2048], ne = [2048, 144, 1]
}
embeddings = block_1;
}
else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_LDPV2)
{
int n_patch = 24;
ggml_tensor * mlp_0 = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_0_w, embeddings);
mlp_0 = ggml_add(ctx0, mlp_0, model.mm_model_mlp_0_b);
mlp_0 = ggml_gelu(ctx0, mlp_0);
ggml_tensor * mlp_2 = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_2_w, mlp_0);
mlp_2 = ggml_add(ctx0, mlp_2, model.mm_model_mlp_2_b);
// mlp_2 ne = [2048, 576, 1, 1]
// // AVG Pool Layer 2*2, strides = 2
mlp_2 = ggml_permute(ctx0, mlp_2, 1, 0, 2, 3);
// mlp_2 ne = [576, 2048, 1, 1]
mlp_2 = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, mlp_2, n_patch, n_patch, mlp_2->ne[1], mlp_2->ne[2]);
// mlp_2 ne [24, 24, 2048, 1]
mlp_2 = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, mlp_2, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0);
// weight ne = [3, 3, 2048, 1]
ggml_tensor * peg_0 = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, model.mm_model_peg_0_w, mlp_2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1);
peg_0 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, peg_0, 1, 2, 0, 3));
peg_0 = ggml_add(ctx0, peg_0, model.mm_model_peg_0_b);
mlp_2 = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, mlp_2, 1, 2, 0, 3));
peg_0 = ggml_add(ctx0, peg_0, mlp_2);
peg_0 = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, peg_0, peg_0->ne[0], peg_0->ne[1] * peg_0->ne[2], peg_0->ne[3]);
embeddings = peg_0;
}
else {
GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
}
}
// glm projector
else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLM_EDGE) {
size_t gridsz = (size_t)sqrt(embeddings->ne[1]);
embeddings = ggml_permute(ctx0,embeddings,1,0,2,3);
embeddings = ggml_cont_3d(ctx0, embeddings, gridsz, gridsz, embeddings->ne[1]);
embeddings = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.mm_model_adapter_conv_w, embeddings, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings,embeddings->ne[0]*embeddings->ne[1] , embeddings->ne[2], batch_size);
embeddings = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0,embeddings, 1, 0, 2, 3));
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_model_adapter_conv_b);
// GLU
{
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_0_w, embeddings);
embeddings = ggml_norm(ctx0, embeddings, eps);
embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_model_ln_q_w), model.mm_model_ln_q_b);
embeddings = ggml_gelu_inplace(ctx0, embeddings);
ggml_tensor * x = embeddings;
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_2_w, embeddings);
x = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_1_w,x);
embeddings = ggml_swiglu_split(ctx0, embeddings, x);
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_model_mlp_3_w, embeddings);
}
// arrangement of BOI/EOI token embeddings
// note: these embeddings are not present in text model, hence we cannot process them as text tokens
// see: https://huggingface.co/THUDM/glm-edge-v-2b/blob/main/siglip.py#L53
{
embeddings = ggml_concat(ctx0, model.mm_boi, embeddings, 1); // BOI
embeddings = ggml_concat(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_eoi, 1); // EOI
}
}
else {
GGML_ABORT("llava: unknown projector type");
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_mimovl::build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const {
ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, w, x);
ggml_mul_mat_set_prec(cur, GGML_PREC_F32);
return cur;
}
// MiMoVL vision tower for MiMo-V2.5 (non-Pro). Qwen2.5-VL-shaped ViT, except:
// 1. GQA in attention (32 Q / 8 KV heads, head_dim 64).
// 2. Per-head attention sinks on every windowed layer. The sinks adjust
// the softmax denominator (equivalently, a virtual extra K column with V=0),
// so they decay attention weight without contributing to the output.
// 3. Per-layer window-attention mode in hparams.wa_pattern_mode:
// -1 -> full, 0 -> row-window+sinks, 1 -> col-window+sinks.
// Col mode transposes the merge-unit grid on entry and restores
// it on exit. Both patch and rotary orderings are pre-computed
// host-side.
// 4. 1D banded sliding window (|q-k| > window_size -> -inf) as a
// single 2D mask broadcast across heads.
// 5. Per-block MLP biases.
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_mimovl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_embeddings_0 != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_embeddings_1 != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(hparams.n_head_kv > 0);
GGML_ASSERT(n_head % hparams.n_head_kv == 0);
GGML_ASSERT((int) hparams.wa_pattern_mode.size() == n_layer);
const int batch_size = 1;
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int n_head_kv = hparams.n_head_kv;
const int merge = hparams.n_merge > 0 ? hparams.n_merge : 2;
const int merge_unit = merge * merge;
const int n_units = n_pos / merge_unit;
GGML_ASSERT(n_units * merge_unit == n_pos);
// MiMoVL has head_dim=64 with n_embd=1280, so n_embd is NOT n_head*head_dim
// (the base class's d_head = n_embd/n_head = 40 is wrong here). Derive
// head_dim from the fused QKV projection: rows = (n_head + 2*n_head_kv)*head_dim.
GGML_ASSERT(model.layers[0].qkv_w != nullptr);
const int qkv_rows = model.layers[0].qkv_w->ne[1];
const int head_dim = qkv_rows / (n_head + 2 * n_head_kv);
GGML_ASSERT(head_dim * (n_head + 2 * n_head_kv) == qkv_rows);
const float attn_scale = 1.0f / std::sqrt((float) head_dim);
const int rope_n_dims = head_dim / 2;
int mrope_sections[4] = {rope_n_dims/2, rope_n_dims/2, 0, 0};
// Patch embed: Conv3D(kt=2) split into two Conv2D, then interleave-merge
// along the height axis to match the merge-tile token order.
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
ggml_tensor * inp = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp_raw,
patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
{
ggml_tensor * inp_1 = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_1, inp_raw,
patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, inp_1);
GGML_ASSERT(img.nx() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
GGML_ASSERT(img.ny() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 2, 0, 3); // [w,h,c,b] -> [c,w,h,b]
inp = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, inp, n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
inp = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, inp, n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 0, 2, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_3d(ctx0, inp, n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
cb(inp, "patch_embed", -1);
ggml_tensor * positions_row = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos * 4);
ggml_set_name(positions_row, "mimovl_positions_row");
ggml_set_input(positions_row);
ggml_tensor * positions_col = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos * 4);
ggml_set_name(positions_col, "mimovl_positions_col");
ggml_set_input(positions_col);
// idx_col is the col-major merge-unit permutation. Take it as F32 so we can
// derive the inverse permutation in-graph via ggml_argsort;
// ggml_get_rows requires its index tensor to be I32, so cast back as well.
ggml_tensor * idx_col_f = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_units);
ggml_set_name(idx_col_f, "mimovl_idx_col");
ggml_set_input(idx_col_f);
ggml_tensor * idx_col = ggml_cast(ctx0, idx_col_f, GGML_TYPE_I32);
ggml_tensor * idx_col_inv = ggml_argsort(ctx0, idx_col_f, GGML_SORT_ORDER_ASC);
ggml_tensor * window_mask = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_pos, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(window_mask, "mimovl_window_mask");
ggml_set_input(window_mask);
ggml_tensor * window_mask_attn = (flash_attn_type == CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED)
? ggml_cast(ctx0, window_mask, GGML_TYPE_F16)
: window_mask;
// Reorder helper: permute patches at merge-unit granularity. The patch
// sequence is laid out as n_units groups of merge_unit (=4) consecutive
// patches; the row<->col transpose only permutes whole groups. We keep
// the per-group (h,w) ordering intact by reshaping to
// [n_embd*merge_unit, n_units] before ggml_get_rows.
auto reorder = [&](ggml_tensor * x, ggml_tensor * idx) {
ggml_tensor * y = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, x, n_embd * merge_unit, n_units);
y = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, y, idx);
return ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, y, n_embd, n_pos, batch_size);
};
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
int prev_mode = -1;
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
const int mode = hparams.wa_pattern_mode[il];
const bool is_full = (mode == -1);
const bool is_col = (mode == 1);
// Reorder transitions on entry/exit of a col-mode run.
if (is_col && prev_mode != 1) {
inpL = reorder(inpL, idx_col);
cb(inpL, "reorder_to_col", il);
} else if (!is_col && prev_mode == 1) {
inpL = reorder(inpL, idx_col_inv);
cb(inpL, "reorder_to_row", il);
}
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL;
// Pre-attention RMSNorm.
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_RMS, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ln1", il);
// Fused QKV with GQA.
ggml_tensor * qkv = build_mm(layer.qkv_w, cur);
qkv = ggml_add(ctx0, qkv, layer.qkv_b);
const size_t row = ggml_row_size(qkv->type, head_dim);
const size_t off_k = ggml_row_size(qkv->type, n_head * head_dim);
const size_t off_v = ggml_row_size(qkv->type, (n_head + n_head_kv) * head_dim);
ggml_tensor * Qcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, qkv, head_dim, n_head, n_pos, row, qkv->nb[1], 0);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, qkv, head_dim, n_head_kv, n_pos, row, qkv->nb[1], off_k);
ggml_tensor * Vcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, qkv, head_dim, n_head_kv, n_pos, row, qkv->nb[1], off_v);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
// 2D RoPE
ggml_tensor * pos = is_col ? positions_col : positions_row;
Qcur = ggml_rope_multi(ctx0, Qcur, pos, nullptr, rope_n_dims, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 32.0f, 1.0f);
Kcur = ggml_rope_multi(ctx0, Kcur, pos, nullptr, rope_n_dims, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 32.0f, 1.0f);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur_rope", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur_rope", il);
// Full layers: plain attention. Windowed layers: banded mask and per-head sinks.
ggml_tensor * mask = is_full ? nullptr : window_mask_attn;
ggml_tensor * sinks = is_full ? nullptr : layer.attn_sinks;
if (!is_full) {
GGML_ASSERT(layer.attn_sinks != nullptr);
}
ggml_tensor * attn_out = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b, Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, mask, attn_scale, il, sinks);
cb(attn_out, "attn_out", il);
// Residual 1.
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, attn_out, inpL);
inpL = cur;
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
// Pre-FFN RMSNorm.
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_RMS, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
// SwiGLU MLP with biases
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
// Residual 2.
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
prev_mode = mode;
}
// If the last block was col-mode, undo the transpose so the merger sees patches in row order.
if (prev_mode == 1) {
inpL = reorder(inpL, idx_col_inv);
cb(inpL, "reorder_to_row_final", -1);
}
// Merger: post-LayerNorm
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, 1e-6f, n_layer);
cb(inpL, "post_ln", -1);
// Spatial merge: pack each merge_unit (=4) of patches into a single
// (n_embd*merge_unit)-wide row, then run the 2-layer MLP.
ggml_tensor * embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd * merge_unit, n_units, batch_size);
embeddings = build_ffn(embeddings,
model.mm_0_w, nullptr,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_1_w, nullptr,
FFN_GELU, -1);
cb(embeddings, "vit_out", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_minicpmv::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int n_embd_proj = n_mmproj_embd;
// position embeddings for the projector (not for ViT)
// see: https://huggingface.co/openbmb/MiniCPM-o-2_6/blob/main/resampler.py#L70
// base frequency omega
ggml_tensor * omega = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd_proj / 4);
ggml_set_name(omega, "omega");
ggml_set_input(omega);
// 2D input positions (using float for sinusoidal embeddings)
ggml_tensor * pos_h = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, 1, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(pos_h, "pos_h");
ggml_set_input(pos_h);
ggml_tensor * pos_w = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, 1, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(pos_w, "pos_w");
ggml_set_input(pos_w);
// for selecting learned pos embd, used by ViT
struct ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, model.position_embeddings, positions);
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * embeddings = build_vit(
inp, n_pos,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
learned_pos_embd,
nullptr);
// resampler projector (it is just another transformer)
ggml_tensor * q = model.mm_model_query;
ggml_tensor * v = build_mm(model.mm_model_kv_proj, embeddings);
// norm
q = build_norm(q, model.mm_model_ln_q_w, model.mm_model_ln_q_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
v = build_norm(v, model.mm_model_ln_kv_w, model.mm_model_ln_kv_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
// calculate sinusoidal pos embd
ggml_tensor * pos_embed = nullptr;
{
// outer product
ggml_tensor * omega_b = ggml_repeat_4d(ctx0, omega, omega->ne[0], n_pos, 1, 1); // n_pos rows
ggml_tensor * theta_x = ggml_mul(ctx0, omega_b, pos_w);
ggml_tensor * theta_y = ggml_mul(ctx0, omega_b, pos_h);
// sin and cos
ggml_tensor * pos_embd_x = ggml_concat(
ctx0,
ggml_sin(ctx0, theta_x),
ggml_cos(ctx0, theta_x),
0 // concat on first dim
);
ggml_tensor * pos_embd_y = ggml_concat(
ctx0,
ggml_sin(ctx0, theta_y),
ggml_cos(ctx0, theta_y),
0 // concat on first dim
);
pos_embed = ggml_concat(ctx0, pos_embd_x, pos_embd_y, 0);
}
// k = v + pos_embed
ggml_tensor * k = ggml_add(ctx0, v, pos_embed);
// attention
{
const int d_head = 128;
int n_head = n_embd_proj/d_head;
// Use actual config value if available, otherwise fall back to hardcoded values
int num_query = hparams.minicpmv_query_num;
ggml_tensor * Q = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(model.mm_model_attn_q_w, q),
model.mm_model_attn_q_b);
ggml_tensor * K = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(model.mm_model_attn_k_w, k),
model.mm_model_attn_k_b);
ggml_tensor * V = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(model.mm_model_attn_v_w, v),
model.mm_model_attn_v_b);
Q = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Q, d_head, n_head, num_query);
K = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, K, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
V = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, V, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
cb(Q, "resampler_Q", -1);
cb(K, "resampler_K", -1);
cb(V, "resampler_V", -1);
float resampler_kq_scale = 1.0f/ sqrtf(float(d_head));
embeddings = build_attn(
model.mm_model_attn_o_w,
model.mm_model_attn_o_b,
Q, K, V, nullptr, resampler_kq_scale, -1);
cb(embeddings, "resampler_attn_out", -1);
}
// layernorm
embeddings = build_norm(embeddings, model.mm_model_ln_post_w, model.mm_model_ln_post_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
// projection
embeddings = build_mm(model.mm_model_proj, embeddings);
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_minicpmv4_6::build() {
const int insert_lid = hparams.insert_layer_id;
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int half_h = n_patches_y / 2;
const int half_w = n_patches_x / 2;
const int n_ds = half_h * half_w; // after ViT merger 2x2 downsample
const int qh = half_h / 2;
const int qw = half_w / 2;
const int n_ds2 = qh * qw; // after final merger 2x2 downsample
auto add_i32_input = [&](const char * name, int n) {
ggml_tensor * t = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n);
ggml_set_name(t, name);
ggml_set_input(t);
return t;
};
// position indices for ViT learned positional embeddings
ggml_tensor * positions = add_i32_input("positions", n_pos);
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, model.position_embeddings, positions);
// ViT merger window reorder indices + block-diagonal mask
// (mask layout follows qwen2vl: -inf except for 4x4 blocks on the diagonal,
// so each window-major group of 4 tokens only attends to itself)
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_window_idx = add_i32_input("vit_merger_window_idx", n_pos);
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_inv_window_idx = add_i32_input("vit_merger_inv_window_idx", n_pos);
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_window_mask = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_pos, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(vit_merger_window_mask, "vit_merger_window_mask");
ggml_set_input(vit_merger_window_mask);
if (flash_attn_type == CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED) {
vit_merger_window_mask = ggml_cast(ctx0, vit_merger_window_mask, GGML_TYPE_F16);
}
// ViT merger 2x2 downsample gather indices
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_idx_0 = add_i32_input("vit_merger_ds_idx_0", n_ds);
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_idx_1 = add_i32_input("vit_merger_ds_idx_1", n_ds);
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_idx_2 = add_i32_input("vit_merger_ds_idx_2", n_ds);
ggml_tensor * vit_merger_ds_idx_3 = add_i32_input("vit_merger_ds_idx_3", n_ds);
// final merger 2x2 downsample gather indices
ggml_tensor * merger_ds_idx_0 = add_i32_input("merger_ds_idx_0", n_ds2);
ggml_tensor * merger_ds_idx_1 = add_i32_input("merger_ds_idx_1", n_ds2);
ggml_tensor * merger_ds_idx_2 = add_i32_input("merger_ds_idx_2", n_ds2);
ggml_tensor * merger_ds_idx_3 = add_i32_input("merger_ds_idx_3", n_ds2);
// patch embedding + positional embedding
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, learned_pos_embd);
cb(inp, "pos_embed", -1);
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
if (model.pre_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.pre_ln_w, model.pre_ln_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
cb(inpL, "pre_ln", -1);
}
// ViT layers 0..insert_layer_id (inclusive)
// Mirrors the separate-qkv path of clip_graph::build_vit so the two manually
// unrolled segments around the ViT merger read like build_vit() expansions.
for (int il = 0; il <= insert_lid; il++) {
auto & layer = model.layers[il];
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL;
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "layer_inp_normed", il);
{
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(layer.q_w, cur);
if (layer.q_b) {
Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.q_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(layer.k_w, cur);
if (layer.k_b) {
Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Kcur, layer.k_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(layer.v_w, cur);
if (layer.v_b) {
Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Vcur, layer.v_b);
}
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b, Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
if (layer.ls_1_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, layer.ls_1_w);
cb(cur, "attn_out_scaled", il);
}
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur;
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
cur = build_ffn(cur, layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b, layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b, hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
if (layer.ls_2_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, layer.ls_2_w);
cb(cur, "ffn_out_scaled", il);
}
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
}
// ViT merger: window self-attention
// Tokens are reordered to window-major (4 tokens per window are contiguous),
// and a block-diagonal mask restricts attention to within each window. This
// mirrors the qwen2vl windowed-attention pattern so build_attn() can pick the
// flash-attention path when available.
{
ggml_tensor * residual = inpL;
ggml_tensor * cur = build_norm(inpL,
model.vit_merger_ln1_w, model.vit_merger_ln1_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
cb(cur, "vit_merger_attn_inp_normed", -1);
cur = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, cur, vit_merger_window_idx);
cb(cur, "vit_merger_window_reorder", -1);
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(model.vit_merger_attn_q_w, cur);
if (model.vit_merger_attn_q_b) {
Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, model.vit_merger_attn_q_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(model.vit_merger_attn_k_w, cur);
if (model.vit_merger_attn_k_b) {
Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Kcur, model.vit_merger_attn_k_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(model.vit_merger_attn_v_w, cur);
if (model.vit_merger_attn_v_b) {
Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Vcur, model.vit_merger_attn_v_b);
}
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos);
cb(Qcur, "vit_merger_Qcur", -1);
cb(Kcur, "vit_merger_Kcur", -1);
cb(Vcur, "vit_merger_Vcur", -1);
cur = build_attn(model.vit_merger_attn_o_w, model.vit_merger_attn_o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, vit_merger_window_mask, kq_scale, -1);
cb(cur, "vit_merger_attn_out", -1);
cur = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, cur, vit_merger_inv_window_idx);
inpL = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, residual);
cb(inpL, "vit_merger_attn_residual", -1);
}
// ViT merger: 2x2 spatial downsample + MLP (4 tokens -> 1)
{
ggml_tensor * p0 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, vit_merger_ds_idx_0);
ggml_tensor * p1 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, vit_merger_ds_idx_1);
ggml_tensor * p2 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, vit_merger_ds_idx_2);
ggml_tensor * p3 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, vit_merger_ds_idx_3);
ggml_tensor * mean_res = ggml_add(ctx0, p0, p1);
mean_res = ggml_add(ctx0, mean_res, p2);
mean_res = ggml_add(ctx0, mean_res, p3);
mean_res = ggml_scale(ctx0, mean_res, 0.25f);
cb(mean_res, "vit_merger_ds_mean_res", -1);
ggml_tensor * cat = ggml_concat(ctx0, p0, p1, 0);
cat = ggml_concat(ctx0, cat, p2, 0);
cat = ggml_concat(ctx0, cat, p3, 0);
ggml_tensor * cur = build_norm(cat,
model.vit_merger_ds_ln_w, model.vit_merger_ds_ln_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
cb(cur, "vit_merger_ds_normed", -1);
// ViTWindowAttentionMerger downsample MLP uses gelu_pytorch_tanh (FFN_GELU)
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.vit_merger_ds_up_w, model.vit_merger_ds_up_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.vit_merger_ds_down_w, model.vit_merger_ds_down_b,
FFN_GELU, -1);
cb(cur, "vit_merger_ds_mlp_out", -1);
inpL = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, mean_res);
cb(inpL, "vit_merger_ds_out", -1);
}
// ViT layers (insert_layer_id+1)..n_layer-1, operating on the downsampled tokens
{
const int64_t n_pos_ds = n_ds;
for (int il = insert_lid + 1; il < n_layer; il++) {
auto & layer = model.layers[il];
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL;
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "layer_inp_normed", il);
{
ggml_tensor * Qcur = build_mm(layer.q_w, cur);
if (layer.q_b) {
Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Qcur, layer.q_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Kcur = build_mm(layer.k_w, cur);
if (layer.k_b) {
Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Kcur, layer.k_b);
}
ggml_tensor * Vcur = build_mm(layer.v_w, cur);
if (layer.v_b) {
Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0, Vcur, layer.v_b);
}
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos_ds);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos_ds);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_pos_ds);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b, Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
if (layer.ls_1_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, layer.ls_1_w);
cb(cur, "attn_out_scaled", il);
}
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur;
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
cur = build_ffn(cur, layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b, layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b, hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
if (layer.ls_2_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, layer.ls_2_w);
cb(cur, "ffn_out_scaled", il);
}
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
}
}
if (model.post_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
cb(inpL, "post_ln", -1);
}
// Final Merger (DownsampleMLP): another 2x2 spatial merge -> projector embedding
{
ggml_tensor * p0 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, merger_ds_idx_0);
ggml_tensor * p1 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, merger_ds_idx_1);
ggml_tensor * p2 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, merger_ds_idx_2);
ggml_tensor * p3 = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, merger_ds_idx_3);
ggml_tensor * cat = ggml_concat(ctx0, p0, p1, 0);
cat = ggml_concat(ctx0, cat, p2, 0);
cat = ggml_concat(ctx0, cat, p3, 0);
ggml_tensor * cur = build_norm(cat,
model.mm_input_norm_w, model.mm_input_norm_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, eps, -1);
cb(cur, "merger_normed", -1);
// MiniCPMV4_6DownsampleMLP uses nn.GELU() (erf-based, FFN_GELU_ERF)
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_ffn_up_w, model.mm_ffn_up_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_ffn_down_w, model.mm_ffn_down_b,
FFN_GELU_ERF, -1);
cb(cur, "merger_out", -1);
inpL = cur;
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, inpL);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
// Helpers for MobileNetV5 Blocks
// RMS Norm 2D - normalizes over channels for each spatial position
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_mobilenetv5::rms_norm_2d(ggml_tensor * inp, ggml_tensor * weight, float eps) {
// inp: [W, H, C, B]
ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 2, 1, 0, 3);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, eps);
if (weight) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, weight);
}
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 1, 0, 3);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
return cur;
}
// Conv2dSame padding - asymmetric SAME padding like PyTorch/TF
ggml_tensor* clip_graph_mobilenetv5::pad_same_2d(ggml_tensor* inp, int kernel_h, int kernel_w, int stride_h, int stride_w, int dilation_h, int dilation_w) {
const int64_t ih = inp->ne[1]; // height
const int64_t iw = inp->ne[0]; // width
// Calculate output size (ceil division)
const int64_t oh = (ih + stride_h - 1) / stride_h;
const int64_t ow = (iw + stride_w - 1) / stride_w;
// Calculate padding needed
const int64_t pad_h = std::max((int64_t)0, (oh - 1) * stride_h + (kernel_h - 1) * dilation_h + 1 - ih);
const int64_t pad_w = std::max((int64_t)0, (ow - 1) * stride_w + (kernel_w - 1) * dilation_w + 1 - iw);
// Split padding asymmetrically
const int pad_h_top = pad_h / 2;
const int pad_h_bottom = pad_h - pad_h_top;
const int pad_w_left = pad_w / 2;
const int pad_w_right = pad_w - pad_w_left;
// Apply padding if needed
// ggml_pad_ext: (ctx, tensor, lp0, rp0, lp1, rp1, lp2, rp2, lp3, rp3)
// For [W, H, C, B]: p0=width, p1=height, p2=channels, p3=batch
if (pad_h > 0 || pad_w > 0) {
inp = ggml_pad_ext(ctx0, inp,
pad_w_left, pad_w_right, // width padding (dim 0)
pad_h_top, pad_h_bottom, // height padding (dim 1)
0, 0, // no channel padding (dim 2)
0, 0); // no batch padding (dim 3)
}
return inp;
}
// Edge Residual Block (Stage 0)
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_mobilenetv5::build_edge_residual(ggml_tensor * inp, const mobilenetv5_block & block, int stride) {
ggml_tensor * cur = inp;
// 1. Expansion Conv (3x3)
if (stride == 2) {
// Case: Downsampling (Block 0)
// Replicates Conv2dSame(kernel=3, stride=2)
cur = pad_same_2d(cur, 3, 3, stride, stride);
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.s0_conv_exp_w, cur, stride, stride, 0, 0, 1, 1);
} else {
// Case: Normal 3x3 Block (Block 1, 2)
// Replicates Conv2d(kernel=3, stride=1, padding=1)
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.s0_conv_exp_w, cur, stride, stride, 1, 1, 1, 1);
}
// BN + Activation
if (block.s0_bn1_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.s0_bn1_w);
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
// 2. Pointwise Linear Conv (1x1)
// 1x1 Convs usually have padding=0 and stride=1
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.s0_conv_pwl_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
if (block.s0_bn2_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.s0_bn2_w);
// 3. Residual Connection
// Only apply residual if spatial dimensions and channels match (stride 1)
if (stride == 1 && inp->ne[2] == cur->ne[2] && inp->ne[0] == cur->ne[0]) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inp);
}
return cur;
}
// Universal Inverted Residual Block (Stage 1+)
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_mobilenetv5::build_inverted_residual(ggml_tensor * inp, const mobilenetv5_block & block, int stride) {
ggml_tensor * cur = inp;
// 1. Depthwise Start (Optional)
// NOTE: dw_start always has stride=1 (no downsampling here)
if (block.dw_start_w) {
int k = block.dw_start_w->ne[0]; // 3 or 5
int p = k / 2;
cur = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, block.dw_start_w, cur, 1, 1, p, p, 1, 1);
if (block.dw_start_bn_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.dw_start_bn_w);
}
// 2. Pointwise Expansion (1x1)
if (block.pw_exp_w) {
// Standard 1x1 conv, pad=0, stride=1
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.pw_exp_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
if (block.pw_exp_bn_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.pw_exp_bn_w);
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
}
// 3. Depthwise Mid (Optional)
// NOTE: dw_mid is where downsampling happens (stride=2 for first block of stage)
if (block.dw_mid_w) {
int k = block.dw_mid_w->ne[0]; // 3 or 5
if (stride > 1) {
// Case: Stride 2 (Downsample) -> Use Asymmetric "Same" Padding
cur = pad_same_2d(cur, k, k, stride, stride);
cur = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, block.dw_mid_w, cur, stride, stride, 0, 0, 1, 1); // pad=0
} else {
// Case: Stride 1 -> Use Standard Symmetric Padding
int p = k / 2;
cur = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, block.dw_mid_w, cur, stride, stride, p, p, 1, 1);
}
if (block.dw_mid_bn_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.dw_mid_bn_w);
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
}
// 4. Pointwise Projection (1x1)
if (block.pw_proj_w) {
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.pw_proj_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
if (block.pw_proj_bn_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.pw_proj_bn_w);
}
// Apply Layer Scaling if present
if (block.layer_scale_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, block.layer_scale_w);
}
// 5. Residual Connection
bool same_spatial = (inp->ne[0] == cur->ne[0]) && (inp->ne[1] == cur->ne[1]);
bool same_channel = (inp->ne[2] == cur->ne[2]);
if (same_spatial && same_channel) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inp);
}
return cur;
}
// Attention Block (MQA)
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_mobilenetv5::build_mobilenet_attn(ggml_tensor * inp, const mobilenetv5_block & block) {
ggml_tensor * cur = inp;
// Norm
if (block.attn_norm_w) {
cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, block.attn_norm_w, 1e-6f);
}
// 1. Q Calculation
ggml_tensor * q = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.attn_q_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
// 2. K Calculation (Downsampled)
// Uses Conv2dSame(640, 640, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), groups=640)
ggml_tensor * k_inp = cur;
if (block.attn_k_dw_w) {
int k_size = block.attn_k_dw_w->ne[0]; // Usually 3
k_inp = pad_same_2d(cur, k_size, k_size, 2, 2); // Apply SAME padding
k_inp = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, block.attn_k_dw_w, k_inp, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1); // padding=0
if (block.attn_k_norm_w) {
k_inp = rms_norm_2d(k_inp, block.attn_k_norm_w, 1e-6f);
}
}
ggml_tensor * k = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.attn_k_w, k_inp, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
// 3. V Calculation (Downsampled)
// Uses Conv2dSame(640, 640, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), groups=640)
ggml_tensor * v_inp = cur;
if (block.attn_v_dw_w) {
int v_size = block.attn_v_dw_w->ne[0]; // Usually 3
v_inp = pad_same_2d(cur, v_size, v_size, 2, 2); // Apply SAME padding
v_inp = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, block.attn_v_dw_w, v_inp, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1); // padding=0
if (block.attn_v_norm_w) {
v_inp = rms_norm_2d(v_inp, block.attn_v_norm_w, 1e-6f);
}
}
ggml_tensor * v = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.attn_v_w, v_inp, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
const int W = cur->ne[0]; const int H = cur->ne[1]; const int B = cur->ne[3];
const int D = k->ne[2]; // Head dimension
const int n_head = q->ne[2] / D;
const int N = W * H;
// Process Q: [W, H, D*n_head, B] -> [D, N, n_head, B]
q = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, q, N, D*n_head, B);
q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, q, N, D, n_head, B);
q = ggml_permute(ctx0, q, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [D, N, n_head, B]
q = ggml_cont(ctx0, q);
const int Wk = k->ne[0]; const int Hk = k->ne[1];
const int M = Wk * Hk;
// Process K: [Wk, Hk, D, B] -> [D, M, 1, B]
k = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, k, M, D, B);
k = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, k, M, D, 1, B);
k = ggml_permute(ctx0, k, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [D, M, 1, B]
k = ggml_cont(ctx0, k);
// Process V: [Wk, Hk, D, B] -> [M, D, 1, B]
v = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, v, M, D, B);
v = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, v, M, D, 1, B);
v = ggml_cont(ctx0, v); // [M, D, 1, B]
// Multi-Query Attention
float scale = 1.0f / sqrtf((float)D);
// Step 1: Compute Q @ K.T
ggml_tensor * scores = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, k, q);
scores = ggml_scale(ctx0, scores, scale);
scores = ggml_soft_max(ctx0, scores);
ggml_tensor * kqv = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, v, scores);
kqv = ggml_permute(ctx0, kqv, 1, 0, 2, 3);
kqv = ggml_cont(ctx0, kqv);
kqv = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, kqv, N, D * n_head, B);
kqv = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, kqv, W, H, D * n_head, B);
kqv = ggml_cont(ctx0, kqv);
// Output projection
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, block.attn_o_w, kqv, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
// Residual & Layer Scale
if (inp->ne[0] == cur->ne[0] && inp->ne[2] == cur->ne[2]) {
if (block.layer_scale_w) {
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, block.layer_scale_w);
}
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inp);
}
return cur;
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_mobilenetv5::build() {
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw();
// 1. Stem - Conv2dSame(3, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2))
ggml_tensor * cur = pad_same_2d(inp, 3, 3, 2, 2); // Apply SAME padding
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, model.mobilenet_stem_conv_w, cur, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1); // padding=0
if (model.mobilenet_stem_conv_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mobilenet_stem_conv_b);
}
if (model.mobilenet_stem_norm_w) cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, model.mobilenet_stem_norm_w);
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
// 2. Blocks
std::vector<ggml_tensor*> intermediate_features;
const int total_blocks = model.mobilenet_blocks.size();
auto is_stage_start = [&](int i) {
if (i == 0) return true;
for (int end_idx : model.mobilenet_stage_ends) {
if (i == end_idx + 1) return true;
}
return false;
};
auto is_fusion_point = [&](int i) {
if (model.mobilenet_stage_ends.size() >= 4) {
if (i == model.mobilenet_stage_ends[2]) return true; // End of Stage 2
if (i == model.mobilenet_stage_ends[3]) return true; // End of Stage 3
} else {
if (i == total_blocks - 1) return true;
}
return false;
};
for (int i = 0; i < total_blocks; i++) {
const auto & block = model.mobilenet_blocks[i];
int stride = is_stage_start(i) ? 2 : 1;
if (block.s0_conv_exp_w) cur = build_edge_residual(cur, block, stride);
else if (block.attn_q_w) cur = build_mobilenet_attn(cur, block);
else cur = build_inverted_residual(cur, block, stride);
if (is_fusion_point(i)) {
intermediate_features.push_back(cur);
}
}
// 3. Multi-Scale Fusion Adapter (MSFA)
if (!intermediate_features.empty()) {
// A. Reference Resolution: PyTorch implementation uses inputs[0]
// We assume intermediate_features[0] is the "High Resolution" target.
// In MobileNet designs, this is typically the feature map with the smallest stride (e.g. 32x32).
ggml_tensor* target_feat = intermediate_features[0];
int high_res_w = target_feat->ne[0];
int high_res_h = target_feat->ne[1];
std::vector<ggml_tensor*> resized_feats;
// B. Resize inputs to match inputs[0] (High Resolution)
for (auto feat : intermediate_features) {
int feat_w = feat->ne[0];
int feat_h = feat->ne[1];
// PyTorch: if feat_size < high_resolution: interpolate
if (feat_w < high_res_w || feat_h < high_res_h) {
// Calculate scale factor.
// Note: PyTorch 'nearest' works on arbitrary float scales.
// ggml_upscale generally takes integer factors or target sizes depending on helper.
// Assuming standard power-of-2 scaling (e.g. 16 -> 32 means scale=2).
int scale_w = high_res_w / feat_w;
// int scale_h = high_res_h / feat_h;
// Safety check for non-integer scaling if strictly replicating
GGML_ASSERT(high_res_w % feat_w == 0);
// Upsample (Nearest Neighbor)
// 2 is the scale factor
feat = ggml_upscale(ctx0, feat, scale_w, ggml_scale_mode::GGML_SCALE_MODE_NEAREST);
}
resized_feats.push_back(feat);
}
// C. Concatenate at High Resolution (Channel Dim = 2 in ggml)
cur = resized_feats[0];
for (size_t k = 1; k < resized_feats.size(); ++k) {
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, resized_feats[k], 2);
}
// D. FFN (UniversalInvertedResidual)
// Structure: Expand Conv -> Norm -> GELU -> Project Conv -> Norm
// 1. Expansion
if (model.msfa_ffn_expand_w) {
// 1x1 Conv
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, model.msfa_ffn_expand_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
if (model.msfa_ffn_expand_bn) {
cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, model.msfa_ffn_expand_bn);
}
cur = ggml_gelu(ctx0, cur);
}
// 2. Projection (No DW because kernel_size=0)
if (model.msfa_ffn_project_w) {
// 1x1 Conv
cur = ggml_conv_2d_direct(ctx0, model.msfa_ffn_project_w, cur, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
// UniversalInvertedResidual typically has a norm after projection
if (model.msfa_ffn_project_bn) {
cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, model.msfa_ffn_project_bn);
}
}
// E. Final Downsample to Target Resolution (Output Resolution)
// PyTorch: matches self.output_resolution (e.g. 16x16)
const int target_out_res = 16;
int current_w = cur->ne[0];
if (current_w > target_out_res) {
int s = current_w / target_out_res;
GGML_ASSERT(current_w % target_out_res == 0);
// Avg Pool: Kernel=s, Stride=s
cur = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, cur, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, s, s, s, s, 0, 0);
}
// F. Final Norm
if (model.msfa_concat_norm_w) {
cur = rms_norm_2d(cur, model.msfa_concat_norm_w);
}
}
// 4. Gemma 3n Multimodal Projection (Embedder)
// Input: 'cur' is [Width, Height, Channels, Batch]
int W = cur->ne[0];
int H = cur->ne[1];
int C = cur->ne[2];
int B = cur->ne[3];
GGML_ASSERT(C == hparams.n_embd);
// 1. Permute and Flatten to [Channels, Tokens, Batch]
// PyTorch expects (Batch, Seq, Hidden), GGML usually processes (Hidden, Seq, Batch)
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 1, 0, 3); // -> [C, H, W, B]
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 0, 2, 1, 3); // -> [C, W, H, B]
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, C, W*H, B);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
// 2. FEATURE SCALING
// PyTorch: vision_outputs *= self.config.vision_config.hidden_size**0.5
const float scale_factor = sqrtf((float)C);
cur = ggml_scale(ctx0, cur, scale_factor);
// 3. SOFT EMBEDDING NORM
// PyTorch: self._norm(x) * self.weight
// We must normalize regardless, then multiply if weight exists.
{
const float eps = 1e-6f; // Gemma3n uses 1e-6
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, eps);
if (model.mm_soft_emb_norm_w) {
// Weight shape is (2048,) -> Element-wise broadcast multiply
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_soft_emb_norm_w);
}
}
// 4. PROJECTION
// PyTorch: embedding_projection = nn.Linear(vision_hidden, text_hidden, bias=False)
// Weight stored as [out_features, in_features] = [text_hidden_size, vision_hidden_size]
if (model.mm_input_proj_w) {
cur = build_mm(model.mm_input_proj_w, cur);
}
// 5. POST PROJECTION NORM
// PyTorch: embedding_post_projection_norm = Gemma3nRMSNorm(..., with_scale=False)
// with_scale=False means weight is registered as buffer with value 1.0
// So output = rms_norm(x) * 1.0 = rms_norm(x), magnitude ~1
{
const float eps = 1e-6f;
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, eps);
if (model.mm_post_proj_norm_w) {
// If weight is loaded, multiply (should be ~1.0 anyway)
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_post_proj_norm_w);
}
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#pragma once
#include "../clip-graph.h"
/*
* IMPORTANT: The mtmd module does NOT accept pull requests that are fully or predominantly AI-generated.
* We encourage human contributors to ensure the quality and reliability of the codebase.
*/
struct clip_graph_siglip : clip_graph {
clip_graph_siglip(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_gemma4v : clip_graph {
clip_graph_gemma4v(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const override;
bool support_batch() const override { return true; }
};
struct clip_graph_gemma4uv : clip_graph {
clip_graph_gemma4uv(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_pixtral : clip_graph {
clip_graph_pixtral(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_qwen2vl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_qwen2vl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * build_inp_with_temporal_merge();
};
struct clip_graph_qwen3vl : clip_graph_qwen2vl {
clip_graph_qwen3vl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph_qwen2vl(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_mimovl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_mimovl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
// Force F32 mat-mul accumulation to avoid F16 overflow in the FFN down-proj
// when the mmproj is stored in F16 (the source weights are BF16; downcasting
// to F16 reduces dynamic range below the SwiGLU output magnitude on the last few layers).
ggml_tensor * build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const override;
};
struct clip_graph_step3vl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_step3vl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_youtuvl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_youtuvl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_yasa2 : clip_graph {
clip_graph_yasa2(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * layer_norm_channels(ggml_tensor * inp, ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * b, float eps = 1e-6f);
ggml_tensor * convnext_grn(ggml_tensor * inp, ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * b);
};
struct clip_graph_minicpmv : clip_graph {
clip_graph_minicpmv(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_minicpmv4_6 : clip_graph {
clip_graph_minicpmv4_6(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_internvl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_internvl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
bool support_batch() const override { return true; }
};
struct clip_graph_nemotron_v2_vl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_nemotron_v2_vl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_llama4 : clip_graph {
clip_graph_llama4(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_kimivl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_kimivl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_paddleocr : clip_graph {
clip_graph_paddleocr(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_dotsocr : clip_graph {
clip_graph_dotsocr(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_cogvlm : clip_graph {
clip_graph_cogvlm(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_llava : clip_graph {
clip_graph_llava(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_whisper_enc : clip_graph {
clip_graph_whisper_enc(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_deepseekocr : clip_graph {
clip_graph_deepseekocr(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * build_sam(ggml_tensor * inp); // build the SAM model
// bool support_batch() const override { return true; } // TODO: support batch for DeepSeek-OCR v1
};
struct clip_graph_deepseekocr2 : clip_graph_deepseekocr {
clip_graph_deepseekocr2(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph_deepseekocr(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override; // reuses build_sam() from base
};
struct clip_graph_conformer : clip_graph {
clip_graph_conformer(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_granite_speech : clip_graph {
clip_graph_granite_speech(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_gemma4a : clip_graph {
clip_graph_gemma4a(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * build_mm(ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * x) const override;
};
struct clip_graph_gemma4ua : clip_graph {
clip_graph_gemma4ua(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_glm4v : clip_graph {
clip_graph_glm4v(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_hunyuanvl : clip_graph {
clip_graph_hunyuanvl(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_mobilenetv5 : clip_graph {
clip_graph_mobilenetv5(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * rms_norm_2d(
ggml_tensor * inp,
ggml_tensor * weight,
float eps = 1e-6f);
ggml_tensor* pad_same_2d(
ggml_tensor* inp,
int kernel_h,
int kernel_w,
int stride_h,
int stride_w,
int dilation_h = 1,
int dilation_w = 1);
ggml_tensor * build_edge_residual(
ggml_tensor * inp,
const mobilenetv5_block & block,
int stride);
ggml_tensor * build_inverted_residual(
ggml_tensor * inp,
const mobilenetv5_block & block,
int stride);
ggml_tensor * build_mobilenet_attn(
ggml_tensor * inp,
const mobilenetv5_block & block);
};
struct clip_graph_qwen3a : clip_graph {
clip_graph_qwen3a(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_kimik25 : clip_graph {
clip_graph_kimik25(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
ggml_tensor * resize_position_embeddings_3d(uint32_t interpolation_mode);
};
struct clip_graph_exaone4_5 : clip_graph {
clip_graph_exaone4_5(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img) : clip_graph(ctx, img) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
};
struct clip_graph_granite4_vision : clip_graph {
clip_graph_granite4_vision(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32 & img)
: clip_graph(ctx, img),
add_newline(img.add_newline) {}
ggml_cgraph * build() override;
private:
// The graph is per-tile since only batch-size 1 is supported in clip. As
// such, this value is set at construct time based on the tile that will be
// encoded, then used during build to determine how to handle newlines.
const bool add_newline;
ggml_tensor * gather(ggml_tensor * src, const std::string & name, int idx_len);
ggml_tensor * interp_down(ggml_tensor * src, int side, int new_side);
ggml_tensor * build_block(const qf_block & blk, ggml_tensor * h, int bid,
int spatial_offset, int image_side, int window_side,
int query_side, float qformer_eps);
ggml_tensor * build_newline_row(ggml_context * ctx0);
ggml_tensor * append_rowwise_newlines(ggml_context * ctx0, ggml_tensor * tile_output);
};
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_nemotron_v2_vl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
const int n_registers = model.class_embedding->ne[1];
const int n_pos = n_patches + n_registers;
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
// add position embeddings (pre-downsampled during GGUF conversion for fixed 512x512 input)
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.position_embeddings);
cb(inp, "inp_pos", -1);
inp = ggml_concat(ctx0, model.class_embedding, inp, 1);
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(inp, n_pos, NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, hparams.ffn_op, nullptr, nullptr);
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, cur,
n_embd, n_patches,
ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd),
n_registers * ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd));
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, model.hparams.n_merge);
{
cur = build_norm(cur, model.mm_0_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, 1e-6, -1);
cur = build_ffn(cur, model.mm_1_w, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, model.mm_3_w, nullptr, FFN_RELU_SQR, -1);
}
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_paddleocr::build() {
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int num_position_ids = n_pos * 4; // m-rope requires 4 dim per position
int mrope_sections[4] = {d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4};
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_position_ids);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
return ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, cur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION,
32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
};
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings();
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
learned_pos_embd,
add_pos);
cb(cur, "vit_out", -1);
{
// mlp_AR paddleocr projector
float proj_norm_eps = 1e-5;
cur = build_norm(cur,
model.mm_input_norm_w, model.mm_input_norm_b,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, proj_norm_eps, -1);
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, scale_factor);
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
hparams.ffn_op, -1);
cb(cur, "mlp_out", -1);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_pixtral::build() {
const int n_merge = hparams.n_merge;
// 2D input positions
ggml_tensor * pos_h = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_h, "pos_h");
ggml_set_input(pos_h);
ggml_tensor * pos_w = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_w, "pos_w");
ggml_set_input(pos_w);
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
return build_rope_2d(ctx0, cur, pos_h, pos_w, hparams.rope_theta, true);
};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_RMS,
hparams.ffn_op,
nullptr, // no learned pos embd
add_pos);
// mistral small 3.1 patch merger
// ref: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/7a3e208892c06a5e278144eaf38c8599a42f53e7/src/transformers/models/mistral3/modeling_mistral3.py#L67
if (model.mm_patch_merger_w) {
GGML_ASSERT(hparams.n_merge > 0);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, eps), model.mm_input_norm_w);
// reshape image tokens to 2D grid
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd, n_patches_x, n_patches_y);
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 2, 0, 1, 3); // [x, y, n_embd]
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
// torch.nn.functional.unfold is just an im2col under the hood
// we just need a dummy kernel to make it work
ggml_tensor * kernel = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, n_merge, n_merge, cur->ne[2], 0, 0, 0);
cur = ggml_im2col(ctx0, kernel, cur, n_merge, n_merge, 0, 0, 1, 1, true, inp->type);
// project to n_embd
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0], cur->ne[1] * cur->ne[2]);
cur = build_mm(model.mm_patch_merger_w, cur);
}
// LlavaMultiModalProjector (always using GELU activation)
{
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
}
// arrangement of the [IMG_BREAK] token
if (model.token_embd_img_break) {
// not efficient, but works
// the trick is to view the embeddings as a 3D tensor with shape [n_embd, n_patches_per_row, n_rows]
// and then concatenate the [IMG_BREAK] token to the end of each row, aka n_patches_per_row dimension
// after the concatenation, we have a tensor with shape [n_embd, n_patches_per_row + 1, n_rows]
const int p_y = n_patches_y / n_merge;
const int p_x = n_patches_x / n_merge;
const int p_total = p_x * p_y;
const int n_embd_text = cur->ne[0];
const int n_tokens_output = p_total + p_y - 1; // one [IMG_BREAK] per row, except the last row
ggml_tensor * tmp = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd_text, p_x, p_y);
ggml_tensor * tok = ggml_new_tensor_3d(ctx0, tmp->type, n_embd_text, 1, p_y);
tok = ggml_scale(ctx0, tok, 0.0); // clear the tensor
tok = ggml_add(ctx0, tok, model.token_embd_img_break);
tmp = ggml_concat(ctx0, tmp, tok, 1);
cur = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, tmp,
n_embd_text, n_tokens_output,
ggml_row_size(tmp->type, n_embd_text), 0);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_qwen2vl::build_inp_with_temporal_merge() {
ggml_tensor * inp_raw = build_inp_raw();
GGML_ASSERT(img.nx() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
GGML_ASSERT(img.ny() % (patch_size * 2) == 0);
const size_t nb1 = ggml_row_size(inp_raw->type, img.nx());
const size_t nb2 = ggml_row_size(inp_raw->type, img.nx() * img.ny());
if (n_batch == 1) {
// still image input
return ggml_add(ctx0,
ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1),
ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_1, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1));
} else if (n_batch == 2) {
// 2 frames input (video input)
ggml_tensor * inp_0 = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, inp_raw,
img.nx(), img.ny(), 3, nb1, nb2, 0);
ggml_tensor * inp_1 = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, inp_raw,
img.nx(), img.ny(), 3, nb1, nb2,
nb2 * 3); // move to the second frame
return ggml_add(ctx0,
ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_0, inp_0, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1),
ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings_1, inp_1, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1));
} else {
GGML_ASSERT(false && "n_batch > 2 is not supported");
}
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_qwen2vl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_bias == nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
const int batch_size = 1;
const bool use_window_attn = hparams.n_wa_pattern > 0;
const int n_wa_pattern = hparams.n_wa_pattern;
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int num_position_ids = n_pos * 4; // m-rope requires 4 dim per position
norm_type norm_t = proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN25VL
? NORM_TYPE_RMS // qwen 2.5 vl
: NORM_TYPE_NORMAL; // qwen 2 vl
int mrope_sections[4] = {d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_with_temporal_merge();
// second conv dimension
{
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 2, 0, 3); // [w, h, c, b] -> [c, w, h, b]
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
inp = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 0, 2, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
ggml_tensor * window_mask = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * window_idx = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * inv_window_idx = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_position_ids);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
// pre-layernorm
if (model.pre_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.pre_ln_w, model.pre_ln_b, norm_t, eps, -1);
}
if (use_window_attn) {
// handle window attention inputs
inv_window_idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos / 4);
ggml_set_name(inv_window_idx, "inv_window_idx");
ggml_set_input(inv_window_idx);
// mask for window attention
window_mask = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_pos, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(window_mask, "window_mask");
ggml_set_input(window_mask);
// if flash attn is used, we need to pad the mask and cast to f16
if (flash_attn_type == CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED) {
window_mask = ggml_cast(ctx0, window_mask, GGML_TYPE_F16);
}
// inpL shape: [n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size]
GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
inpL = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd * 4, n_patches_x * n_patches_y * batch_size / 4);
inpL = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, inv_window_idx);
inpL = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
// loop over layers
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
const bool full_attn = use_window_attn ? (il + 1) % n_wa_pattern == 0 : true;
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
// layernorm1
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, norm_t, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ln1", il);
// self-attention
{
ggml_tensor * Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(layer.q_w, cur), layer.q_b);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(layer.k_w, cur), layer.k_b);
ggml_tensor * Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(layer.v_w, cur), layer.v_b);
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
// apply M-RoPE
Qcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Qcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
Kcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Kcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur_rope", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur_rope", il);
ggml_tensor * attn_mask = full_attn ? nullptr : window_mask;
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, attn_mask, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
// re-add the layer input, e.g., residual
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
// layernorm2
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, norm_t, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
// ffn
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
// residual 2
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
inpL = cur;
}
// post-layernorm
if (model.post_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, norm_t, eps, n_layer);
}
// multimodal projection
ggml_tensor * embeddings = inpL;
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, n_embd * 4, n_pos / 4, batch_size);
embeddings = build_ffn(embeddings,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
if (use_window_attn) {
window_idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos / 4);
ggml_set_name(window_idx, "window_idx");
ggml_set_input(window_idx);
// embeddings shape: [n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size]
GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, embeddings, hparams.projection_dim, n_patches_x * n_patches_y / 4);
embeddings = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, embeddings, window_idx);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, hparams.projection_dim, n_patches_x * n_patches_y / 4, batch_size);
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_qwen3a::build() {
// Ref implementation: https://github.com/QwenLM/Qwen3-ASR/blob/main/qwen_asr/core/transformers_backend/modeling_qwen3_asr.py
// inp_raw: [n_frames, n_mel, 1] (nx=n_frames, ny=n_mel)
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw(1);
const int64_t n_frames = inp->ne[0]; // total frames, padded to multiple of chunk_size
const int64_t n_mel = inp->ne[1]; // 128
const int64_t chunk_size = 100; // n_window * 2 (n_window=50 from model config)
const int64_t n_chunks = n_frames / chunk_size;
GGML_ASSERT(n_frames % chunk_size == 0); // preprocessor should already pad the input
GGML_ASSERT(inp->type == GGML_TYPE_F32);
// View mel spectrogram as batched 100-frame chunks: [chunk_size, n_mel, 1, n_chunks]
inp = ggml_view_4d(ctx0, inp,
chunk_size, n_mel, 1, n_chunks,
n_frames * (int64_t)sizeof(float), // nb[1]: stride over mel bins
chunk_size * (int64_t)sizeof(float), // nb[2]: stride for C=1 (unused)
chunk_size * (int64_t)sizeof(float), // nb[3]: stride over chunks
0);
inp = ggml_cont(ctx0, inp);
cb(inp, "inp_chunks", -1);
// 3 x conv2d + gelu
{
// conv output [OW, OH, C_out, n_chunks]
auto conv_block = [&](ggml_tensor * x, ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * b) {
x = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, w, x, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
if (b) {
x = ggml_add(ctx0, x, ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, b, 1, 1, x->ne[2], 1));
}
return ggml_gelu_erf(ctx0, x);
};
inp = conv_block(inp, model.conv2d_1_w, model.conv2d_1_b);
inp = conv_block(inp, model.conv2d_2_w, model.conv2d_2_b);
inp = conv_block(inp, model.conv2d_3_w, model.conv2d_3_b);
// inp: [OW=13, OH=16, OC=480, n_chunks]
cb(inp, "after_conv_blocks", -1);
}
// permute [OW=25, OH=16, OC=480, n_chunks] -> [OH=16, OC=480, OW=25, n_chunks]
// reshape to [OH*OC=7680, OW*n_chunks]
// feature index h+16*c = c*16+f (matches python code)
inp = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 2, 0, 1, 3));
inp = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inp, inp->ne[0] * inp->ne[1], inp->ne[2] * inp->ne[3]);
// Project to d_model: [d_model, 25*n_chunks]
inp = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.conv_out_w, inp);
if (model.conv_out_b) {
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.conv_out_b);
}
cb(inp, "after_conv_out", -1);
const int64_t n_pos = inp->ne[1]; // 25 * n_chunks
// Per-chunk positional embeddings: repeat pos[0:13] for each chunk
// (position indices reset 0..12 per chunk, not sequential across chunks)
{
const int64_t tokens_per_chunk = n_pos / n_chunks; // 13
ggml_tensor * pos_tmp = ggml_view_2d(ctx0, model.position_embeddings,
model.position_embeddings->ne[0], tokens_per_chunk,
model.position_embeddings->nb[1], 0);
ggml_tensor * tgt = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32,
model.position_embeddings->ne[0], n_pos);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, ggml_repeat(ctx0, pos_tmp, tgt));
}
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(inp, n_pos,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL, hparams.ffn_op,
nullptr, // pos embd already added above
nullptr);
cb(cur, "after_transformer", -1);
// MLP projector
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU_ERF, -1);
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_qwen3vl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_bias != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
const int batch_size = 1;
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int num_position_ids = n_pos * 4; // m-rope requires 4 dim per position
norm_type norm_t = NORM_TYPE_NORMAL;
int mrope_sections[4] = {d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_with_temporal_merge();
// spatial merge
{
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 2, 0, 3); // [w, h, c, b] -> [c, w, h, b]
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
inp = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 0, 2, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, inp,
n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
// add patch bias
if (model.patch_bias != nullptr) {
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.patch_bias);
cb(inp, "patch_bias", -1);
}
// calculate absolute position embedding and apply
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings();
learned_pos_embd = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, learned_pos_embd,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, n_patches_y, batch_size);
learned_pos_embd = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, learned_pos_embd,
n_embd * 2, n_patches_x / 2, 2, batch_size * (n_patches_y / 2));
learned_pos_embd = ggml_permute(ctx0, learned_pos_embd, 0, 2, 1, 3);
learned_pos_embd = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, learned_pos_embd,
n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, learned_pos_embd);
cb(inp, "inp_pos_emb", -1);
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_position_ids);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
// pre-layernorm
if (model.pre_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.pre_ln_w, model.pre_ln_b, norm_t, eps, -1);
}
// deepstack features (stack along the feature dimension), [n_embd * len(deepstack_layers), n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size]
ggml_tensor * deepstack_features = nullptr;
const int merge_factor = hparams.n_merge > 0 ? hparams.n_merge * hparams.n_merge : 4; // default 2x2=4 for qwen3vl
// loop over layers
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
auto & layer = model.layers[il];
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
// layernorm1
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, norm_t, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ln1", il);
// self-attention
{
cur = build_mm(layer.qkv_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, layer.qkv_b);
ggml_tensor * Qcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_pos,
/* nb1 */ ggml_row_size(cur->type, d_head),
/* nb2 */ cur->nb[1],
/* offset */ 0);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_pos,
/* nb1 */ ggml_row_size(cur->type, d_head),
/* nb2 */ cur->nb[1],
/* offset */ ggml_row_size(cur->type, n_embd));
ggml_tensor * Vcur = ggml_view_3d(ctx0, cur, d_head, n_head, n_pos,
/* nb1 */ ggml_row_size(cur->type, d_head),
/* nb2 */ cur->nb[1],
/* offset */ ggml_row_size(cur->type, 2 * n_embd));
cb(Qcur, "Qcur", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur", il);
cb(Vcur, "Vcur", il);
// apply M-RoPE
Qcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Qcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
Kcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Kcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
cb(Qcur, "Qcur_rope", il);
cb(Kcur, "Kcur_rope", il);
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
}
// re-add the layer input, e.g., residual
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
cb(cur, "ffn_inp", il);
// layernorm2
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, norm_t, eps, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_inp_normed", il);
// ffn
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
layer.ff_gate_w, layer.ff_gate_b,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
// residual 2
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
cb(cur, "layer_out", il);
if (layer.has_deepstack()) {
ggml_tensor * feat = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd * merge_factor, n_pos / merge_factor, batch_size);
feat = build_norm(feat, layer.deepstack_norm_w, layer.deepstack_norm_b, norm_t, eps, il);
feat = build_ffn(feat,
layer.deepstack_fc1_w, layer.deepstack_fc1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
layer.deepstack_fc2_w, layer.deepstack_fc2_b,
ffn_op_type::FFN_GELU, il);
if(!deepstack_features) {
deepstack_features = feat;
} else {
// concat along the feature dimension
deepstack_features = ggml_concat(ctx0, deepstack_features, feat, 0);
}
}
inpL = cur;
}
// post-layernorm
if (model.post_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, norm_t, eps, n_layer);
}
// multimodal projection
ggml_tensor * embeddings = inpL;
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, n_embd * 4, n_pos / 4, batch_size);
embeddings = build_ffn(embeddings,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
ffn_op_type::FFN_GELU, -1);
if (deepstack_features) {
embeddings = ggml_concat(ctx0, embeddings, deepstack_features, 0);
} // concat along the feature dimension
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_siglip::build() {
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = model.position_embeddings;
if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_LFM2 || proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_PHI4) {
learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings();
}
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_patches,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
learned_pos_embd,
nullptr);
if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_GEMMA3) {
const int batch_size = 1;
GGML_ASSERT(n_patches_x == n_patches_y);
const int patches_per_image = n_patches_x;
const int kernel_size = hparams.n_merge;
cur = ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur);
cur = ggml_cont_4d(ctx0, cur, patches_per_image, patches_per_image, n_embd, batch_size);
// doing a pool2d to reduce the number of output tokens
cur = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, cur, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, kernel_size, kernel_size, kernel_size, kernel_size, 0, 0);
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0] * cur->ne[0], n_embd, batch_size);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur));
// apply norm before projection
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, eps);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_soft_emb_norm_w);
// apply projection
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0,
ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, model.mm_input_proj_w)),
cur);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_IDEFICS3) {
// pixel_shuffle
// https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/0a950e0bbe1ed58d5401a6b547af19f15f0c195e/src/transformers/models/idefics3/modeling_idefics3.py#L578
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, scale_factor);
cur = build_mm(model.mm_fc_w, cur);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_LFM2) {
// pixel unshuffle block
const int scale_factor = model.hparams.n_merge;
cur = build_patch_merge_permute(cur, scale_factor);
// projection, in LFM2-VL input norm is optional
if (model.mm_input_norm_w) {
cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, 1e-5); // default nn.LayerNorm
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_input_norm_w);
}
if (model.mm_input_norm_b) {
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_input_norm_b);
}
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_JANUS_PRO) {
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
hparams.ffn_op,
-1);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_PHI4) {
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
} else {
GGML_ABORT("SigLIP: Unsupported projector type");
}
// build the graph
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_step3vl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.patch_embeddings_0 != nullptr);
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings != nullptr);
norm_type norm_t = NORM_TYPE_NORMAL;
ggml_tensor * pos_h = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_h, "pos_h");
ggml_set_input(pos_h);
ggml_tensor * pos_w = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_patches);
ggml_set_name(pos_w, "pos_w");
ggml_set_input(pos_w);
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp();
ggml_tensor * learned_pos_embd = resize_position_embeddings();
auto add_pos = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, const clip_layer &) {
return build_rope_2d(ctx0, cur, pos_w, pos_h, hparams.rope_theta, false);
};
auto add_spatial_bias = [&](ggml_tensor * cur, ggml_tensor * bias) {
if (bias == nullptr) {
return cur;
}
const int64_t width = cur->ne[0];
const int64_t height = cur->ne[1];
const int64_t channels = cur->ne[2];
cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, width * height, channels);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur));
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, bias);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur));
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, width, height, channels);
return cur;
};
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp,
n_patches,
norm_t,
hparams.ffn_op,
learned_pos_embd,
add_pos);
cb(cur, "vit_out", -1);
// [n_embd, n_patches] -> [w, h, n_embd] for spatial downsampling convolutions.
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 0, 2, 3);
cur = ggml_cont_3d(ctx0, cur, n_patches_x, n_patches_y, n_embd);
// First downsampler: Conv2d(1536 -> 3072, k=3, s=2, p=1)
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.mm_0_w, cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = add_spatial_bias(cur, model.mm_0_b);
cb(cur, "downsample_0", -1);
// Second downsampler: Conv2d(3072 -> 6144, k=3, s=2, p=1)
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.mm_1_w, cur, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1);
cur = add_spatial_bias(cur, model.mm_1_b);
cb(cur, "downsample_1", -1);
// [w, h, c] -> [c, w*h]
{
const int64_t w = cur->ne[0];
const int64_t h = cur->ne[1];
cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, w * h, cur->ne[2], cur->ne[3]);
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, cur, 1, 0, 2, 3));
}
cb(cur, "downsample_flatten", -1);
// Final projector: Linear(6144 -> projection_dim)
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_model_proj, cur);
cb(cur, "projector_out", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_whisper_enc::build() {
const int n_frames = img.nx();
const int n_pos = n_frames / 2;
GGML_ASSERT(model.position_embeddings->ne[1] >= n_pos);
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw(1);
// conv1d block
{
// convolution + gelu
ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_conv_1d_ph(ctx0, model.conv1d_1_w, inp, 1, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.conv1d_1_b);
cur = ggml_gelu_erf(ctx0, cur);
cur = ggml_conv_1d_ph(ctx0, model.conv1d_2_w, cur, 2, 1);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.conv1d_2_b);
cur = ggml_gelu_erf(ctx0, cur);
// transpose
inp = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_transpose(ctx0, cur));
cb(inp, "after_conv1d", -1);
}
// sanity check (only check one layer, but it should be the same for all)
GGML_ASSERT(model.layers[0].ln_1_w && model.layers[0].ln_1_b);
GGML_ASSERT(model.layers[0].ln_2_w && model.layers[0].ln_2_b);
GGML_ASSERT(model.layers[0].q_b);
GGML_ASSERT(model.layers[0].v_b);
GGML_ASSERT(!model.layers[0].k_b); // no bias for k
ggml_tensor * pos_embd_selected = ggml_view_2d(
ctx0, model.position_embeddings,
model.position_embeddings->ne[0], n_pos,
model.position_embeddings->nb[1], 0
);
ggml_tensor * cur = build_vit(
inp, n_pos,
NORM_TYPE_NORMAL,
hparams.ffn_op,
pos_embd_selected,
nullptr);
cb(cur, "after_transformer", -1);
if (model.audio_has_stack_frames()) {
// StackAudioFrames
// https://huggingface.co/fixie-ai/ultravox-v0_5-llama-3_2-1b/blob/main/ultravox_model.py
cur = build_stack(cur, hparams.proj_stack_factor, n_embd);
cb(cur, "after_stacked", -1);
}
if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_ULTRAVOX) {
// UltravoxProjector
// pre-norm
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, 1e-6);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_norm_pre_w);
// ffn in
cur = build_mm(model.mm_1_w, cur);
// swiglu
// see SwiGLU in ultravox_model.py, the second half passed through is silu, not the first half
cur = ggml_swiglu_swapped(ctx0, cur);
// mid-norm
cur = ggml_rms_norm(ctx0, cur, 1e-6);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_norm_mid_w);
// ffn out
cur = build_mm(model.mm_2_w, cur);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_QWEN2A) {
// projector
cur = build_mm(model.mm_fc_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_fc_b);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_VOXTRAL) {
// projector
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU_ERF,
-1);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MUSIC_FLAMINGO) {
// projector
cur = build_ffn(cur,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU_ERF,
-1);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_MERALION) {
// stack (above) -> ln -> linear0+silu -> GLU -> out
cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, hparams.eps);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_norm_pre_w);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_norm_pre_b);
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_0_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_0_b);
cur = ggml_silu(ctx0, cur);
ggml_tensor * gate = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_1_w, cur);
gate = ggml_add(ctx0, gate, model.mm_1_b);
gate = ggml_silu(ctx0, gate);
ggml_tensor * pool = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_2_w, cur);
pool = ggml_add(ctx0, pool, model.mm_2_b);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, gate, pool);
cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_3_w, cur);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_3_b);
} else if (proj_type == PROJECTOR_TYPE_GLMA) {
cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, hparams.eps);
cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.mm_norm_pre_w);
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.mm_norm_pre_b);
cur = build_stack(cur, hparams.proj_stack_factor, n_embd);
cur = build_ffn(cur, model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b, nullptr, nullptr, model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b, hparams.ffn_op, 0);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, model.mm_boi, cur, 1);
cur = ggml_concat(ctx0, cur, model.mm_eoi, 1);
} else {
GGML_ABORT("%s: unknown projector type", __func__);
}
cb(cur, "projected", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
return gf;
}
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// ABOUTME: Yasa2 vision encoder graph builder for ConvNeXt-based architecture.
// ABOUTME: Implements patch embedding, ConvNeXt stages with GRN, and adaptive pooling.
#include "models.h"
static ggml_tensor * add_channel_bias(
ggml_context * ctx0,
ggml_tensor * x_whcb,
ggml_tensor * b_c) {
if (!b_c) {
return x_whcb;
}
ggml_tensor * b4 = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, b_c, 1, 1, b_c->ne[0], 1);
return ggml_add(ctx0, x_whcb, b4);
}
static ggml_tensor * mul_channel_weight(
ggml_context * ctx0,
ggml_tensor * x_whcb,
ggml_tensor * w_c) {
if (!w_c) {
return x_whcb;
}
ggml_tensor * w4 = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, w_c, 1, 1, w_c->ne[0], 1);
return ggml_mul(ctx0, x_whcb, w4);
}
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_yasa2::layer_norm_channels(ggml_tensor * inp, ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * b, float eps) {
// Match HF ConvNextLayerNorm(channels_first):
// u = mean_c(x), s = mean_c((x-u)^2), x = (x-u)/sqrt(s+eps)
// cast back to input dtype before affine.
ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 2, 1, 0, 3); // [W,H,C,B] -> [C,H,W,B]
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
ggml_tensor * u = ggml_mean(ctx0, cur); // [1,H,W,B]
ggml_tensor * xm = ggml_sub(ctx0, cur, u); // [C,H,W,B]
ggml_tensor * s = ggml_mul(ctx0, xm, xm); // [C,H,W,B]
s = ggml_mean(ctx0, s); // [1,H,W,B]
s = ggml_clamp(ctx0, s, eps, 1e30f); // avoid div-by-zero in no-alloc warmup
s = ggml_sqrt(ctx0, s); // [1,H,W,B]
ggml_tensor * xhat = ggml_div(ctx0, xm, s); // [C,H,W,B]
xhat = ggml_permute(ctx0, xhat, 2, 1, 0, 3); // [W,H,C,B]
xhat = ggml_cont(ctx0, xhat);
xhat = mul_channel_weight(ctx0, xhat, w);
xhat = add_channel_bias(ctx0, xhat, b);
return xhat;
}
ggml_tensor * clip_graph_yasa2::convnext_grn(ggml_tensor * inp, ggml_tensor * w, ggml_tensor * b) {
// Exact ConvNeXtV2 GRN:
// Gx = ||x||_2 over spatial dims (W,H), Nx = Gx / (mean_c(Gx) + eps)
// y = w * (x * Nx) + b + x
const int64_t wdim = inp->ne[0];
const int64_t hdim = inp->ne[1];
const int64_t cdim = inp->ne[2];
const int64_t bdim = inp->ne[3];
// Keep GRN math in fp32 for stability; fp16/bf16 accumulation can drift.
ggml_tensor * sq = ggml_mul(ctx0, inp, inp);
ggml_tensor * sq_flat = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, sq, wdim * hdim, cdim, 1, bdim); // [WH,C,1,B]
ggml_tensor * gx = ggml_sum_rows(ctx0, sq_flat); // [1,C,1,B]
gx = ggml_sqrt(ctx0, gx); // [1,C,1,B]
ggml_tensor * gx_ch_first = ggml_permute(ctx0, gx, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [C,1,1,B]
gx_ch_first = ggml_cont(ctx0, gx_ch_first);
ggml_tensor * gx_mean = ggml_mean(ctx0, gx_ch_first); // [1,1,1,B]
gx_mean = ggml_clamp(ctx0, gx_mean, 1e-6f, 1e30f); // approx +eps, warmup-safe
ggml_tensor * nx = ggml_div(ctx0, gx, gx_mean); // [1,C,1,B]
nx = ggml_permute(ctx0, nx, 0, 2, 1, 3); // [1,1,C,B]
nx = ggml_cont(ctx0, nx);
ggml_tensor * xnx = ggml_mul(ctx0, inp, nx);
xnx = mul_channel_weight(ctx0, xnx, w);
xnx = add_channel_bias(ctx0, xnx, b);
return ggml_add(ctx0, inp, xnx);
}
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_yasa2::build() {
ggml_tensor * cur = build_inp_raw();
// Patch embedding Conv2d(kernel=4, stride=4)
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.yasa_patch_w, cur, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
cur = add_channel_bias(ctx0, cur, model.yasa_patch_b);
ggml_set_name(cur, "yasa2_patch_conv_out");
cb(cur, "yasa2_patch_conv_out", -1);
cur = layer_norm_channels(cur, model.yasa_patch_ln_w, model.yasa_patch_ln_b, eps);
ggml_set_name(cur, "yasa2_patch_ln_out");
cb(cur, "yasa2_patch_ln_out", -1);
// ConvNeXt stages
for (size_t s = 0; s < model.yasa_stages.size(); ++s) {
const auto & stage = model.yasa_stages[s];
if (stage.down_conv_w) {
cur = layer_norm_channels(cur, stage.down_ln_w, stage.down_ln_b, eps);
cur = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, stage.down_conv_w, cur, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1);
cur = add_channel_bias(ctx0, cur, stage.down_conv_b);
ggml_format_name(cur, "yasa2_stage%zu_down_out", s);
}
for (size_t bi = 0; bi < stage.blocks.size(); ++bi) {
const auto & blk = stage.blocks[bi];
ggml_tensor * res = cur;
ggml_tensor * x = ggml_conv_2d_dw(ctx0, blk.dw_w, cur, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1);
x = add_channel_bias(ctx0, x, blk.dw_b);
x = layer_norm_channels(x, blk.ln_w, blk.ln_b, eps);
// pwconv1/pwconv2 are HF Linear layers over channels; implement via matmul on tokens.
const int64_t w = x->ne[0];
const int64_t h = x->ne[1];
const int64_t b = x->ne[3];
ggml_tensor * tok = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, x, w * h, x->ne[2], b); // [T,C,B]
tok = ggml_permute(ctx0, tok, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [C,T,B]
tok = ggml_cont(ctx0, tok);
tok = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, blk.pw1_w, tok); // [4C,T,B]
if (blk.pw1_b) {
ggml_tensor * b1 = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, blk.pw1_b, blk.pw1_b->ne[0], 1, 1); // [4C,1,1]
tok = ggml_add(ctx0, tok, b1);
}
x = ggml_permute(ctx0, tok, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [T,4C,B]
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, x);
x = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, x, w, h, tok->ne[0], b); // [W,H,4C,B]
x = ggml_gelu_erf(ctx0, x);
x = convnext_grn(x, blk.grn_w, blk.grn_b);
tok = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, x, w * h, x->ne[2], b); // [T,4C,B]
tok = ggml_permute(ctx0, tok, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [4C,T,B]
tok = ggml_cont(ctx0, tok);
tok = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, blk.pw2_w, tok); // [C,T,B]
if (blk.pw2_b) {
ggml_tensor * b2 = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, blk.pw2_b, blk.pw2_b->ne[0], 1, 1); // [C,1,1]
tok = ggml_add(ctx0, tok, b2);
}
x = ggml_permute(ctx0, tok, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [T,C,B]
x = ggml_cont(ctx0, x);
x = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, x, w, h, tok->ne[0], b); // [W,H,C,B]
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, res, x);
ggml_format_name(cur, "yasa2_stage%zu_blk%zu_out", s, bi);
}
}
// HF path adds vision position embeddings BEFORE adaptive pooling.
const int64_t pre_w = cur->ne[0];
const int64_t pre_h = cur->ne[1];
ggml_tensor * tokens_pre = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, pre_w * pre_h, cur->ne[2], cur->ne[3]); // [T,C,B]
tokens_pre = ggml_permute(ctx0, tokens_pre, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [C,T,B]
tokens_pre = ggml_cont(ctx0, tokens_pre);
if (model.yasa_vision_pos_embed && tokens_pre->ne[1] == model.yasa_vision_pos_embed->ne[1]) {
const int64_t n_ch = model.yasa_vision_pos_embed->ne[0];
const int64_t n_tokens = model.yasa_vision_pos_embed->ne[1];
ggml_tensor * pos = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, model.yasa_vision_pos_embed, (int) n_ch, (int) n_tokens, 1);
tokens_pre = ggml_add(ctx0, tokens_pre, pos);
}
cur = ggml_permute(ctx0, tokens_pre, 1, 0, 2, 3); // [T,C,B]
cur = ggml_cont(ctx0, cur);
cur = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, cur, pre_w, pre_h, cur->ne[1], cur->ne[2]); // [W,H,C,B]
// AdaptiveAvgPool2d target is 8x8 for real inputs, but warmup can use tiny images.
const int pooled_w = std::min(8, (int) cur->ne[0]);
const int pooled_h = std::min(8, (int) cur->ne[1]);
const int kw = std::max(1, (int) cur->ne[0] / pooled_w);
const int kh = std::max(1, (int) cur->ne[1] / pooled_h);
cur = ggml_pool_2d(ctx0, cur, GGML_OP_POOL_AVG, kw, kh, kw, kh, 0, 0);
// [W,H,C,B] -> [C,T,B]
ggml_tensor * tokens = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, cur->ne[0] * cur->ne[1], cur->ne[2], cur->ne[3]);
tokens = ggml_permute(ctx0, tokens, 1, 0, 2, 3);
tokens = ggml_cont(ctx0, tokens);
cb(tokens, "yasa2_tokens", -1);
GGML_ASSERT(model.mm_0_w && model.mm_2_w);
ggml_tensor * embeddings = build_ffn(
tokens,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_2_w, model.mm_2_b,
FFN_GELU_ERF,
-1);
cb(embeddings, "yasa2_emb", -1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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#include "models.h"
ggml_cgraph * clip_graph_youtuvl::build() {
GGML_ASSERT(model.class_embedding == nullptr);
const int batch_size = 1;
const bool use_window_attn = !hparams.wa_layer_indexes.empty();
const int n_pos = n_patches;
const int num_position_ids = n_pos * 4;
const int m = 2;
const int Wp = n_patches_x;
const int Hp = n_patches_y;
const int Hm = Hp / m;
const int Wm = Wp / m;
norm_type norm_t = NORM_TYPE_NORMAL;
int mrope_sections[4] = {d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4, d_head/4};
ggml_tensor * inp = build_inp_raw();
// change conv3d to linear
// reshape and permute to get patches, permute from (patch_size, m, Wm, patch_size, m, Hm, C) to (C, patch_size, patch_size, m, m, Wm, Hm)
{
inp = ggml_reshape_4d(
ctx0, inp,
Wm * m * patch_size, m * patch_size, Hm, 3);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 2, 3, 0);
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
m * patch_size * 3, Wm, m * patch_size, Hm);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 0, 2, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
m * patch_size * 3, patch_size, m, Hm * Wm);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 1, 0, 2, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_4d(
ctx0, inp,
patch_size, 3, patch_size, Hm * Wm * m * m);
inp = ggml_permute(ctx0, inp, 2, 0, 1, 3);
inp = ggml_cont_3d(
ctx0, inp,
3*patch_size* patch_size, Hm * Wm * m * m, 1);
}
inp = build_mm(model.patch_embeddings_0, inp);
if (model.patch_bias) {
inp = ggml_add(ctx0, inp, model.patch_bias);
}
inp = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inp, n_embd, n_patches);
ggml_tensor * inpL = inp;
ggml_tensor * window_mask = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * window_idx = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * inv_window_idx = nullptr;
ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_position_ids);
ggml_set_name(positions, "positions");
ggml_set_input(positions);
// pre-layernorm
if (model.pre_ln_w) {
inpL = build_norm(inpL, model.pre_ln_w, model.pre_ln_b, norm_t, eps, -1);
}
if (use_window_attn) {
inv_window_idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos / 4);
ggml_set_name(inv_window_idx, "inv_window_idx");
ggml_set_input(inv_window_idx);
// mask for window attention
window_mask = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_pos, n_pos);
ggml_set_name(window_mask, "window_mask");
ggml_set_input(window_mask);
// if flash attn is used, we need to pad the mask and cast to f16
if (flash_attn_type == CLIP_FLASH_ATTN_TYPE_ENABLED) {
window_mask = ggml_cast(ctx0, window_mask, GGML_TYPE_F16);
}
// inpL shape: [n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size]
GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
inpL = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd * 4, n_patches_x * n_patches_y * batch_size / 4);
inpL = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpL, inv_window_idx);
inpL = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, inpL, n_embd, n_patches_x * n_patches_y, batch_size);
}
// loop over layers
for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; il++) {
const auto & layer = model.layers[il];
const bool full_attn = use_window_attn ? hparams.wa_layer_indexes.count(il) > 0 : true;
ggml_tensor * cur = inpL; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
// layernorm1
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_1_w, layer.ln_1_b, norm_t, eps, il);
// self-attention
{
ggml_tensor * Qcur = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(layer.q_w, cur), layer.q_b);
ggml_tensor * Kcur = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(layer.k_w, cur), layer.k_b);
ggml_tensor * Vcur = ggml_add(ctx0,
build_mm(layer.v_w, cur), layer.v_b);
Qcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Qcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Kcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Kcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Vcur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Vcur, d_head, n_head, n_patches);
Qcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Qcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
Kcur = ggml_rope_multi(
ctx0, Kcur, positions, nullptr,
d_head/2, mrope_sections, GGML_ROPE_TYPE_VISION, 32768, 10000, 1, 0, 1, 32, 1);
ggml_tensor * attn_mask = full_attn ? nullptr : window_mask;
cur = build_attn(layer.o_w, layer.o_b,
Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, attn_mask, kq_scale, il);
}
// re-add the layer input, e.g., residual
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpL);
inpL = cur; // inpL = residual, cur = hidden_states
// layernorm2
cur = build_norm(cur, layer.ln_2_w, layer.ln_2_b, norm_t, eps, il);
// ffn
cur = build_ffn(cur,
layer.ff_up_w, layer.ff_up_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
layer.ff_down_w, layer.ff_down_b,
hparams.ffn_op, il);
// residual 2
cur = ggml_add(ctx0, inpL, cur);
inpL = cur;
}
ggml_tensor * embeddings = inpL;
if (use_window_attn) {
const int spatial_merge_unit = 4;
window_idx = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, n_pos / spatial_merge_unit);
ggml_set_name(window_idx, "window_idx");
ggml_set_input(window_idx);
GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, embeddings, n_embd * spatial_merge_unit, n_patches / spatial_merge_unit);
embeddings = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, embeddings, window_idx);
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, n_embd, n_patches, batch_size);
cb(embeddings, "window_order_restored", -1);
}
// post-layernorm (part of Siglip2VisionTransformer, applied after encoder)
if (model.post_ln_w) {
embeddings = build_norm(embeddings, model.post_ln_w, model.post_ln_b, norm_t, eps, n_layer);
}
// Now apply merger (VLPatchMerger):
// 1. Apply RMS norm (ln_q in VLPatchMerger)
embeddings = build_norm(embeddings, model.mm_input_norm_w, nullptr, NORM_TYPE_RMS, 1e-6, -1);
cb(embeddings, "merger_normed", -1);
// 2. First reshape for spatial merge (merge 2x2 patches)
embeddings = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, embeddings, n_embd * 4, n_pos / 4, batch_size);
cb(embeddings, "merger_reshaped", -1);
embeddings = build_ffn(embeddings,
model.mm_0_w, model.mm_0_b,
nullptr, nullptr,
model.mm_1_w, model.mm_1_b,
FFN_GELU,
-1);
ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, embeddings);
return gf;
}
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#pragma once
#include "ggml.h"
#include "clip-model.h"
#include <cstdint>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#define MTMD_INTERNAL_HEADER
struct mtmd_audio_mel {
int64_t n_len;
int64_t n_len_org;
int64_t n_mel;
std::vector<float> data;
};
struct mtmd_audio_mel_filters {
int64_t n_mel;
int64_t n_fft;
std::vector<float> data;
};
// cache for audio processing, each processor instance owns its own cache
struct mtmd_audio_cache {
std::vector<float> sin_vals;
std::vector<float> cos_vals;
std::vector<float> hann_window;
mtmd_audio_mel_filters filters;
void fill_sin_cos_table(uint32_t n);
void fill_hann_window(uint32_t length, bool periodic);
// Build mel filterbank matrix [n_mel × n_fft_bins] at runtime.
// n_fft_bins must be (N_fft / 2 + 1). Example: if N_fft=512 -> n_fft_bins=257.
void fill_mel_filterbank_matrix(int64_t n_mel,
int64_t n_fft,
int sample_rate, // e.g. 16000
float fmin = 0.0f, // e.g. 0.0
float fmax = -1.0f, // e.g. sr/2; pass -1 for auto
bool slaney_area_norm = true,
float scale = 1.0f,
bool use_htk = false
);
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
const clip_hparams & hparams;
mtmd_audio_preprocessor(const clip_ctx * ctx): hparams(*clip_get_hparams(ctx)) {}
virtual ~mtmd_audio_preprocessor() = default;
virtual void initialize() = 0; // NOT thread-safe
virtual bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) = 0;
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor_whisper : mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
mtmd_audio_preprocessor_whisper(const clip_ctx * ctx) : mtmd_audio_preprocessor(ctx) {}
void initialize() override;
bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) override;
private:
mtmd_audio_cache cache;
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor_conformer : mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
mtmd_audio_preprocessor_conformer(const clip_ctx * ctx) : mtmd_audio_preprocessor(ctx) {}
void initialize() override;
bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) override;
private:
mtmd_audio_cache cache;
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor_granite_speech : mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
mtmd_audio_preprocessor_granite_speech(const clip_ctx * ctx) : mtmd_audio_preprocessor(ctx) {}
void initialize() override;
bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) override;
private:
mtmd_audio_cache cache;
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor_gemma4a : mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
mtmd_audio_preprocessor_gemma4a(const clip_ctx * ctx) : mtmd_audio_preprocessor(ctx) {}
void initialize() override;
bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) override;
private:
mtmd_audio_cache cache;
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor_gemma4ua : mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
mtmd_audio_preprocessor_gemma4ua(const clip_ctx * ctx) : mtmd_audio_preprocessor(ctx) {}
void initialize() override;
bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) override;
};
struct mtmd_audio_preprocessor_qwen3a : mtmd_audio_preprocessor {
mtmd_audio_preprocessor_qwen3a(const clip_ctx * ctx) : mtmd_audio_preprocessor(ctx) {}
void initialize() override;
bool preprocess(const float * samples, size_t n_samples, std::vector<mtmd_audio_mel> & output) override;
private:
mtmd_audio_cache cache;
};
//
// streaming ISTFT - converts spectrogram frames back to audio one frame at a time
//
struct mtmd_audio_streaming_istft {
mtmd_audio_streaming_istft(int n_fft, int hop_length);
// reset streaming state
void reset();
// process a single STFT frame (streaming)
// frame_spectrum: [n_fft_bins x 2] interleaved real/imag
// returns: up to hop_length samples
std::vector<float> process_frame(const float * frame_spectrum);
// flush remaining samples at end of stream
std::vector<float> flush();
private:
int n_fft;
int hop_length;
int n_fft_bins;
// Own cache for output processing
mtmd_audio_cache cache;
// Streaming state
std::vector<float> overlap_buffer;
std::vector<float> window_sum_buffer;
int padding_to_remove;
// Working buffers for IFFT
std::vector<float> ifft_in;
std::vector<float> ifft_out;
};

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