chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e6a54a558d3af90110a60a0.md

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+---
+id: 5e6a54a558d3af90110a60a0
+title: 'Introduction: Why Program?'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 3muQV-Im3Z0
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 206882253
+  bvid: BV1Fh411z7tr
+  cid: 376314257
+videoLocaleIds:
+  espanol: 3muQV-Im3Z0
+  italian: 3muQV-Im3Z0
+  portuguese: 3muQV-Im3Z0
+dashedName: introduction-why-program
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://youtu.be/F7mtLrYzZP8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Install Python on Windows</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://youtu.be/wfLnZP-4sZw" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Install Python on MacOS</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Who should learn to program?
+
+## --answers--
+
+College students.
+
+### --feedback--
+
+College students should learn to program, but there's a better answer.
+
+---
+
+People who want to become software developers.
+
+### --feedback--
+
+People who want to become software developers should learn to program, but there's a better answer.
+
+---
+
+Everyone.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e6a54af58d3af90110a60a1.md

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+---
+id: 5e6a54af58d3af90110a60a1
+title: 'Introduction: Hardware Architecture'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: H6qtjRTfSog
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 206977572
+  bvid: BV1zh411z7Ak
+  cid: 376199262
+dashedName: introduction-hardware-architecture
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Where are your programs stored when they are running?
+
+## --answers--
+
+Hard Drive.
+
+---
+
+Memory.
+
+---
+
+Central Processing Unit.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e6a54ba58d3af90110a60a2.md

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+---
+id: 5e6a54ba58d3af90110a60a2
+title: 'Introduction: Python as a Language'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 0QeGbZNS_bY
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 674404602
+  bvid: BV1GU4y1H7vB
+  cid: 376315625
+dashedName: introduction-python-as-a-language
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will print out after running these two lines of code:
+
+```python
+x = 6
+print(x)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+x
+
+---
+
+6
+
+---
+
+x = 6
+
+---
+
+(x)
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e6a54c358d3af90110a60a3.md

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+---
+id: 5e6a54c358d3af90110a60a3
+title: 'Introduction: Elements of Python'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: aRY_xjL35v0
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 674420725
+  bvid: BV1MU4y1H7Lj
+  cid: 376315889
+dashedName: introduction-elements-of-python
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following program print out:
+
+```python
+x = 43
+x = x + 1
+print(x)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+x
+
+---
+
+x + 1
+
+---
+
+44
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f050b6c005b0e76f056.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f050b6c005b0e76f056
+title: 'Variables, Expressions, and Statements'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: nELR-uyyrok
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 419396811
+  bvid: BV1iV411p7Mn
+  cid: 376318116
+dashedName: variables-expressions-and-statements
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is the symbol used in an assignment statement?
+
+## --answers--
+
+~
+
+---
+
+&
+
+---
+
+=
+
+---
+
+\|
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f050b6c005b0e76f057.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f050b6c005b0e76f057
+title: Intermediate Expressions
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: dKgUaIa5ATg
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 334428894
+  bvid: BV1uw411R7gH
+  cid: 376318468
+dashedName: intermediate-expressions
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://youtu.be/t_4DPwsaGDY" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise 1</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://youtu.be/wgkC8SxraAQ" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise 2</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will print out after running this code:
+
+```python
+width = 15
+height = 12.0
+print(height/3)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+39
+
+---
+
+4
+
+---
+
+4.0
+
+---
+
+5.0
+
+---
+
+5
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f050b6c005b0e76f058.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f050b6c005b0e76f058
+title: Conditional Execution
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: gz_IfIsZQtc
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 206949935
+  bvid: BV1Jh411z7bY
+  cid: 376337035
+dashedName: conditional-execution
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which code is indented correctly to print "Yes" if x = 0 and y = 10?
+
+## --answers--
+
+```python
+if 0 == x:
+if y == 10:
+print("Yes")
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+if 0 == x:
+    if y == 10:
+    print("Yes")
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+if 0 == x:
+if y == 10:
+    print("Yes")
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+if 0 == x:
+    if y == 10:
+        print("Yes")
+```
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f059.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f059
+title: More Conditional Structures
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: HdL82tAZR20
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 631930118
+  bvid: BV1Nb4y1r7z2
+  cid: 376337449
+dashedName: more-conditional-structures
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=crLerB4ZxMI" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise 1</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KJN3-7HH6yk" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise 2</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Given the following code:
+
+```python
+temp = "5 degrees"
+cel = 0
+fahr = float(temp)
+cel = (fahr - 32.0) * 5.0 / 9.0
+print(cel)
+```
+
+Which line/lines should be surrounded by `try` block?
+
+## --answers--
+
+1
+
+---
+
+3
+
+---
+
+3,4
+
+---
+
+4
+
+---
+
+None
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f05a.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f05a
+title: Python Functions
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 3JGF-n3tDPU
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 631881917
+  bvid: BV1Xb4y167P4
+  cid: 376337920
+dashedName: python-functions
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is the purpose of the "def" keyword in Python?
+
+## --answers--
+
+It is slang that means "The following code is really cool."
+
+---
+
+It indicates the start of a function.
+
+---
+
+It indicates that the following indented section of code is to be stored for later.
+
+---
+
+It indicates the start of a function, and the following indented section of code is to be stored for later.
+
+---
+
+None of the above.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f05b.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f05b
+title: Build your own Functions
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: nLDychdBwUg
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 249487483
+  bvid: BV1Fv411J7bS
+  cid: 376340281
+dashedName: build-your-own-functions
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksvGhDsjtpw" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following Python program print out?:
+
+```python
+def fred():
+    print("Zap")
+def jane():
+    print("ABC")
+
+jane()
+fred()
+jane()
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>Zap
+ABC
+jane
+fred
+jane</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>Zap
+ABC
+Zap</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>ABC
+Zap
+jane</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>ABC
+Zap
+ABC</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>Zap
+Zap
+Zap</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f05c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f060b6c005b0e76f05c
+title: Loops and Iterations
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: dLA-szNRnUY
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 674492981
+  bvid: BV1hU4y1H7tF
+  cid: 376531204
+dashedName: loops-and-iterations
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following code print out?:
+
+```python
+n = 0
+while True:
+    if n == 3:
+        break
+    print(n)
+    n = n + 1
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>0
+1
+2</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>0
+1
+2
+3</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>1
+2</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>1
+2
+3</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f05d.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f05d
+title: 'Iterations: Definite Loops'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: hiRTRAqNlpE
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 291987032
+  bvid: BV1ff4y157Q3
+  cid: 376385255
+dashedName: iterations-definite-loops
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+How many lines will the following code print?:
+
+```python
+for i in [2,1,5]:
+    print(i)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+1
+
+---
+
+2
+
+---
+
+3
+
+---
+
+5
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f05e.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f05e
+title: 'Iterations: Loop Idioms'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: AelGAcoMXbI
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 334491369
+  bvid: BV1tw411R7Mm
+  cid: 376530765
+dashedName: iterations-loop-idioms
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Below is code to find the smallest value from a list of values. One line has an error that will cause the code to not work as expected. Which line is it?:
+
+```python
+smallest = None
+print("Before:", smallest)
+for itervar in [3, 41, 12, 9, 74, 15]:
+    if smallest is None or itervar < smallest:
+        smallest = itervar
+        break
+    print("Loop:", itervar, smallest)
+print("Smallest:", smallest)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+3
+
+---
+
+4
+
+---
+
+6
+
+---
+
+7
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f05f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f05f
+title: 'Iterations: More Patterns'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 9Wtqo6vha1M
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 674492981
+  bvid: BV1hU4y1H7tF
+  cid: 376531204
+dashedName: iterations-more-patterns
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjxXZQw0uPg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which of these evaluates to False?
+
+## --answers--
+
+```python
+0 == 0.0
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+0 is 0.0
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+0 is not 0.0
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+0 = 0.0
+```
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f060.md

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+---
+id: 5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f060
+title: Strings in Python
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: LYZj207fKpQ
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 504434218
+  bvid: BV1Lg41177s8
+  cid: 376531802
+dashedName: strings-in-python
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following code print?:
+
+```python
+for n in "banana":
+    print(n)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>
+n
+n
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+0
+1
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+b
+a
+n
+a
+n
+a
+</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f061.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f070b6c005b0e76f061
+title: Intermediate Strings
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: KgT_fYLXnyk
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 291983121
+  bvid: BV1Zf4y157yG
+  cid: 376394116
+dashedName: intermediate-strings
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bSqHot-KwE" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is the value of i in the following code?
+
+```python
+word = "bananana"
+i = word.find("na")
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+nanana
+
+---
+
+2
+
+---
+
+3
+
+---
+
+True
+
+---
+
+na
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f080b6c005b0e76f062.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f080b6c005b0e76f062
+title: Reading Files
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: Fo1tW09KIwo
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 334439927
+  bvid: BV1pw411R7UK
+  cid: 376532076
+dashedName: reading-files
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is used to indicate a new line in a string?
+
+## --answers--
+
+\\n
+
+---
+
+{new_line}
+
+---
+
+{n}
+
+---
+
+/n
+
+---
+
+/new
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f080b6c005b0e76f063.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f080b6c005b0e76f063
+title: Files as a Sequence
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: cIA0EokbaHE
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 974380307
+  bvid: BV1p44y1m7br
+  cid: 376388846
+dashedName: files-as-a-sequence
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=il1j4wkte2E" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What does the word 'continue' do in the middle of a loop?
+
+## --answers--
+
+Skips to the code directly after the loop.
+
+---
+
+Skips to the next line in the code.
+
+---
+
+Skips to the next iteration of the loop.
+
+---
+
+Skips the next block of code.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f080b6c005b0e76f064.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f080b6c005b0e76f064
+title: Python Lists
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: Y0cvfDpYC_c
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 249460305
+  bvid: BV1Dv411E7Uj
+  cid: 376532993
+dashedName: python-lists
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is the value of x after running this code:
+
+```python
+fruit = "banana"
+x = fruit[1]
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+banana
+
+---
+
+a
+
+---
+
+b
+
+---
+
+True
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f065.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f065
+title: Working with Lists
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: lCnHfTHkhbE
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 376965958
+  bvid: BV1No4y1S7oi
+  cid: 376387989
+dashedName: working-with-lists
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which method is used to add an item at the end of a list?
+
+## --answers--
+
+insert
+
+---
+
+push
+
+---
+
+append
+
+---
+
+new
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f066.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f066
+title: Strings and Lists
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: lxcFa7ldCi0
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 804401443
+  bvid: BV1By4y1j7F9
+  cid: 376385517
+dashedName: strings-and-lists
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-9TfJF2dwHI" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What does n equal in this code?
+
+```python
+words = 'His e-mail is q-lar@freecodecamp.org'
+pieces = words.split()
+parts = pieces[3].split('-')
+n = parts[1]
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+mail
+
+---
+
+q
+
+---
+
+lar
+
+---
+
+`lar@freecodecamp.org`
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f067.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f067
+title: Python Dictionaries
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: dnzvfimrRMg
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 631893305
+  bvid: BV19b4y167kj
+  cid: 376386176
+dashedName: python-dictionaries
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What does dict equal after running this code?:
+
+```python
+dict = {"Fri": 20, "Thu": 6, "Sat": 1}
+dict["Thu"] = 13
+dict["Sat"] = 2
+dict["Sun"] = 9
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+```python
+{'Fri': 20, 'Thu': 6, 'Sat': 1}
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+{'Fri': 20, 'Thu': 6, 'Sat': 1, 'Thu': 13, 'Sat': 2, 'Sun': 9}
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+{'Sun': 9}
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+{'Thu': 13, 'Sat': 2, 'Sun': 9}
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+{'Fri': 20, 'Thu': 13, 'Sat': 2, 'Sun': 9}
+```
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+5
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f068.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f090b6c005b0e76f068
+title: 'Dictionaries: Common Applications'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: f17xPfIXct0
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 805747023
+  bvid: BV1v34y1D7ug
+  cid: 414168867
+dashedName: dictionaries-common-applications
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following code print?
+
+```python
+counts = { 'quincy' : 1 , 'mrugesh' : 42, 'beau': 100, '0': 10}
+print(counts.get('kris', 0))
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+2
+
+---
+
+quincy
+
+---
+
+0
+
+---
+
+10
+
+---
+
+[will return error]
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0a0b6c005b0e76f069.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0a0b6c005b0e76f069
+title: Dictionaries and Loops
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: EEmekKiKG70
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 589401038
+  bvid: BV1eq4y1X7xU
+  cid: 376387132
+dashedName: dictionaries-and-loops
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrhZ9qwBDD8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following code print?:
+
+```python
+counts = { 'chuck' : 1 , 'annie' : 42, 'jan': 100}
+for key in counts:
+    if counts[key] > 10:
+        print(key, counts[key])
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>annie 42
+jan 100</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>chuck 1
+annie 42
+jan 100</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>chuck 1</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>[Error]</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0a0b6c005b0e76f06c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0a0b6c005b0e76f06c
+title: The Tuples Collection
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 3Lxpladfh2k
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 334468209
+  bvid: BV1aw411R77G
+  cid: 376533308
+dashedName: the-tuples-collection
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following code print?:
+
+```python
+d = dict()
+d['quincy'] = 1
+d['beau'] = 5
+d['kris'] = 9
+for (k,i) in d.items():
+    print(k, i)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>
+k i
+k i
+k i
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+quincy 0
+beau 1
+kris 2
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+quincy 1
+beau 5
+kris 9
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+1 quincy
+5 beau
+9 kris
+</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f06d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f06d
+title: Comparing and Sorting Tuples
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: dZXzBXUxxCs
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 931886163
+  bvid: BV1HM4y1T7TK
+  cid: 376533673
+dashedName: comparing-and-sorting-tuples
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhQxwzyT16E" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which does the same thing as the following code?:
+
+```python
+lst = []
+for key, val in counts.items():
+    newtup = (val, key)
+    lst.append(newtup)
+lst = sorted(lst, reverse=True)
+print(lst)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+```python
+print( sorted( [ (v,k) for k,v in counts.items() ], reverse=True ) )
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+print( [ (k,v) for k,v in counts.items().sorted() ] )
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+print( sorted( [ (v,k) for k,v in counts.keys() ] ) )
+```
+
+---
+
+```python
+print( [ (k,v) for k,v in counts.values().sort() ] )
+```
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f06e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f06e
+title: Regular Expressions
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: Yud_COr6pZo
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 759422542
+  bvid: BV1W64y167YD
+  cid: 376387549
+dashedName: regular-expressions
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which regex matches only a white space character?
+
+## --answers--
+
+\\S
+
+---
+
+\\s
+
+---
+
+.
+
+---
+
+\_
+
+---
+
+\\.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f06f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f06f
+title: 'Regular Expressions: Matching and Extracting Data'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: LaCZnTbQGkE
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 975629041
+  bvid: BV1i44y1b7hE
+  cid: 414167130
+dashedName: regular-expressions-matching-and-extracting-data
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following program print?:
+
+```python
+import re
+s = 'A message from csev@umich.edu to cwen@iupui.edu about meeting @2PM'
+lst = re.findall('\\S+@\\S+', s)
+print(lst)
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+['csev@umich.edu', 'cwen@iupui.edu']
+
+---
+
+['csev@umich.edu']
+
+---
+
+['umich.edu', 'iupui.edu']
+
+---
+
+['csev@', 'cwen@']
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f070.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0b0b6c005b0e76f070
+title: 'Regular Expressions: Practical Applications'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: xCjFU9G6x48
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 546924659
+  bvid: BV1mq4y1H7rZ
+  cid: 376386493
+dashedName: regular-expressions-practical-applications
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will search for a "$" in a regular expression?
+
+## --answers--
+
+$
+
+---
+
+\\dollar\\
+
+---
+
+\\$
+
+---
+
+!$
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f071.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f071
+title: Networking with Python
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: _kJvneKVdNM
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 419494612
+  bvid: BV1r341167jT
+  cid: 376385858
+dashedName: networking-with-python
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What Python library gives access to TCP Sockets?
+
+## --answers--
+
+tcp
+
+---
+
+socket
+
+---
+
+http
+
+---
+
+port
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f072.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f072
+title: Networking Protocol
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: c6vZGescaSc
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 931950996
+  bvid: BV1cM4y1N7K6
+  cid: 376388317
+dashedName: networking-protocol
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What type of HTTP request is usually used to access a website?
+
+## --answers--
+
+POST
+
+---
+
+GET
+
+---
+
+WEB
+
+---
+
+ACCESS
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f073.md

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f073
+title: 'Networking: Write a Web Browser'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: zjyT9DaAjx4
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 761908574
+  bvid: BV1j64y1x7wx
+  cid: 377319579
+dashedName: networking-write-a-web-browser
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What does the following code create?:
+
+```py
+import socket
+
+mysock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+mysock.connect(('data.pr4e.org', 80))
+cmd = 'GET http://data.pr4e.org/romeo.txt HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n'.encode()
+mysock.send(cmd)
+
+while True:
+    data = mysock.recv(512)
+    if len(data) < 1:
+        break
+    print(data.decode(),end='')
+mysock.close()
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+A simple web server.
+
+---
+
+A simple email client.
+
+---
+
+A simple todo list.
+
+---
+
+A simple web browser.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f074.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0c0b6c005b0e76f074
+title: 'Networking: Text Processing'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: Pv_pJgVu8WI
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 804442498
+  bvid: BV16y4y1j7WW
+  cid: 377329124
+dashedName: networking-text-processing
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which type of encoding do most websites use?
+
+## --answers--
+
+UTF-8
+
+---
+
+UTF-16
+
+---
+
+UTF-32
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0d0b6c005b0e76f075.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0d0b6c005b0e76f075
+title: 'Networking: Using urllib in Python'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 7lFM1T_CxBs
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 546908270
+  bvid: BV1Xq4y1H7e6
+  cid: 377331524
+dashedName: networking-using-urllib-in-python
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the output of the following code be like?:
+
+```python
+import urllib.request
+fhand = urllib.request.urlopen('http://data.pr4e.org/romeo.txt')
+for line in fhand:
+    print(line.decode().strip())
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+Just contents of "romeo.txt".
+
+---
+
+A header and the contents of "romeo.txt".
+
+---
+
+A header, a footer, and the contents of "romeo.txt".
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0d0b6c005b0e76f076.md

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0d0b6c005b0e76f076
+title: 'Networking: Web Scraping with Python'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: Uyioq2q4cEg
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 674382625
+  bvid: BV1oU4y1n7zQ
+  cid: 377331774
+dashedName: networking-web-scraping-with-python
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWLdI143W-g" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: socket1</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yis2DvbBkI" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: urllib</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9flPDG9nnY" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: urllinks</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What Python library is used for parsing HTML documents and extracting data from HTML documents?
+
+## --answers--
+
+socket
+
+---
+
+http
+
+---
+
+BeautifulSoup
+
+---
+
+PrettyBiscuit
+
+---
+
+WonderfulSalad
+
+---
+
+HttpParser
+
+---
+
+GrunkleStan
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0e0b6c005b0e76f07a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0e0b6c005b0e76f07a
+title: Using Web Services
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: oNl1OVDPGKE
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 759406136
+  bvid: BV1b64y16746
+  cid: 377332189
+dashedName: using-web-services
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What are the two most common ways to send data over the internet?
+
+## --answers--
+
+JSON and TXT
+
+---
+
+JSON and XML
+
+---
+
+XML and TXT
+
+---
+
+XML and PHP
+
+---
+
+PHP and TXT
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0e0b6c005b0e76f07b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0e0b6c005b0e76f07b
+title: 'Web Services: XML'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: _pZ0srbg7So
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 761920032
+  bvid: BV1n64y1x7KW
+  cid: 377332379
+dashedName: web-services-xml
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is wrong with the following XML?:
+
+```xml
+<person>
+  <name>Chuck</name>
+  <phone type="intl">
+    +1 734 303 4456
+  <email hide="yes" />
+</person>
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+Email tag is missing closing tag.
+
+---
+
+Spacing will cause XML to be invalid.
+
+---
+
+Phone tag is missing closing tag.
+
+---
+
+Plain text should be encoded using UTF-8.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f0e0b6c005b0e76f07c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f0e0b6c005b0e76f07c
+title: 'Web Services: XML Schema'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: yWU9kTxW-nc
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 631951466
+  bvid: BV1Vb4y1r7m7
+  cid: 377332603
+dashedName: web-services-xml-schema
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is XSD?
+
+## --answers--
+
+The W3C Schema specification for XML.
+
+---
+
+The standard JSON schema from MOZ.
+
+---
+
+Extensible Situational Driver
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f140b6c005b0e76f07d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f140b6c005b0e76f07d
+title: 'Web Services: JSON'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: ZJE-U56BppM
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 419491911
+  bvid: BV1r3411672w
+  cid: 377332928
+dashedName: web-services-json
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following code print?:
+
+```python
+import json
+data = '''
+  [
+    { "id" : "001",
+      "x" : "2",
+     "name" : "Quincy"
+    } ,
+    { "id" : "009",
+      "x" : "7",
+      "name" : "Mrugesh"
+    }
+  ]
+'''
+info = json.loads(data)
+print(info[1]['name'])
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+Quincy
+
+---
+
+Mrugesh
+
+---
+
+001
+
+---
+
+009
+
+---
+
+[Error]
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f140b6c005b0e76f07e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f140b6c005b0e76f07e
+title: 'Web Services: Service Oriented Approach'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: muerlsCHExI
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 846899335
+  bvid: BV1E54y1J7oz
+  cid: 377333277
+dashedName: web-services-service-oriented-approach
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+With a services oriented approach to developing web apps, where is the data located?
+
+## --answers--
+
+Spread across many computer systems connected via the internet or internal network.
+
+---
+
+Within different services on the main web server.
+
+---
+
+On a separate database server.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f150b6c005b0e76f07f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f150b6c005b0e76f07f
+title: 'Web Services: APIs'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: oUNn1psfBJg
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 589451017
+  bvid: BV1zq4y1X7A9
+  cid: 377336011
+dashedName: web-services-apis
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What does API stand for?
+
+## --answers--
+
+Application Portable Intelligence
+
+---
+
+Associate Programming International
+
+---
+
+Application Program Interface
+
+---
+
+Action Portable Interface
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f150b6c005b0e76f080.md

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f150b6c005b0e76f080
+title: 'Web Services: API Rate Limiting and Security'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: pI-g0lI8ngs
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 249456172
+  bvid: BV1Sv411E7qa
+  cid: 377336269
+dashedName: web-services-api-rate-limiting-and-security
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJGJN0T8tak" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: GeoJSON</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTmw5RtfGMY" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: JSON</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2c7YwhvpCro" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Twitter</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AopYOlDa-vY" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: XML</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+When making a request from the Twitter API, what information must always be sent with the request?
+
+## --answers--
+
+Twitter username
+
+---
+
+date range
+
+---
+
+search term
+
+---
+
+key
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f160b6c005b0e76f085.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f160b6c005b0e76f085
+title: Python Objects
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: uJxGeTYy0us
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 889496260
+  bvid: BV1ZP4y1s7G6
+  cid: 377522762
+dashedName: python-objects
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which is NOT true about objects in Python?
+
+## --answers--
+
+Objects get created and used.
+
+---
+
+Objects are bits of code and data.
+
+---
+
+Objects hide detail.
+
+---
+
+Objects are one of the five standard data types.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f160b6c005b0e76f086.md

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f160b6c005b0e76f086
+title: 'Objects: A Sample Class'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: FiABKEuaSJ8
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 589451777
+  bvid: BV1rq4y1X7TG
+  cid: 377523194
+dashedName: objects-a-sample-class
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following program print?:
+
+```python
+class PartyAnimal:
+    x = 0
+    def party(self):
+        self.x = self.x + 2
+        print(self.x)
+
+an = PartyAnimal()
+an.party()
+an.party()
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>
+So far 1
+So far 2
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+0
+0
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+2
+2
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+2
+4
+</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+4
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f087.md

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f087
+title: Object Lifecycle
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: p1r3h_AMMIM
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 461998717
+  bvid: BV1JL411n7Hr
+  cid: 377529681
+dashedName: object-lifecycle
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What will the following program print?:
+
+```python
+class PartyAnimal:
+    x = 0
+    name = ''
+    def __init__(self, nam):
+        self.name = nam
+        print(self.name,'constructed')
+    def party(self):
+        self.x = self.x + 1
+        print(self.name,'party count',self.x)
+
+q = PartyAnimal('Quincy')
+m = PartyAnimal('Miya')
+
+q.party()
+m.party()
+q.party()
+```
+
+## --answers--
+
+<pre>
+Quincy constructed
+Miya constructed
+Quincy party count 1
+Miya party count 2
+Quincy party count 3
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+Quincy constructed
+Miya constructed
+Quincy party count 1
+Miya party count 1
+Quincy party count 2
+</pre>
+
+---
+
+<pre>
+Quincy constructed
+Quincy party count 1
+Quincy party count 2
+Miya constructed
+Miya party count 1
+</pre>
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f088.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f088
+title: 'Objects: Inheritance'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: FBL3alYrxRM
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 631990691
+  bvid: BV1sb4y1r7GF
+  cid: 377529901
+dashedName: objects-inheritance
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is inheritance in object-oriented programming?
+
+## --answers--
+
+A new class created when a parent class is extended.
+
+---
+
+A constructed instance of a class.
+
+---
+
+The ability to create a new class by extending an existing class.
+
+---
+
+A method that is called at the moment when a class is being used to construct an object.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f08a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f08a
+title: Relational Databases and SQLite
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: QlNod5-kFpA
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 249449958
+  bvid: BV12v411E74H
+  cid: 377530805
+dashedName: relational-databases-and-sqlite
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.sqlite.org/download.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Download SQLite</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://sqlitebrowser.org/dl/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Download DB Browser for SQLite</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.sqlite.org/famous.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">SQLite usage</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which is NOT a primary data structure in a database?
+
+## --answers--
+
+index
+
+---
+
+table
+
+---
+
+row
+
+---
+
+column
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f08b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f170b6c005b0e76f08b
+title: Make a Relational Database
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: MQ5z4bdF92U
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 249380678
+  bvid: BV1vv411E76L
+  cid: 377531786
+dashedName: make-a-relational-database
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What SQL command would you use to retrieve all users that have the email address `quincy@freecodecamp.org`?
+
+## --answers--
+
+```sql
+SELECT Users WHERE email="quincy@freecodecamp.org"
+```
+
+---
+
+```sql
+SELECT Users WHERE email IS "quincy@freecodecamp.org"
+```
+
+---
+
+```sql
+SELECT ALL Users WHERE email="quincy@freecodecamp.org"
+```
+
+---
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM Users WHERE email IS "quincy@freecodecamp.org"
+```
+
+---
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM Users WHERE email="quincy@freecodecamp.org"
+```
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+5
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08c
+title: Relational Database Design
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: AqdfbrpkbHk
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 504388066
+  bvid: BV1Qg411j742
+  cid: 377532216
+dashedName: relational-database-design
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is the best practice for how many times a piece of string data should be stored in a database?
+
+## --answers--
+
+0
+
+---
+
+1
+
+---
+
+2
+
+---
+
+3
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08d
+title: Representing Relationships in a Relational Database
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: '-orenCNdC2Q'
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 931953070
+  bvid: BV1FM4y1N7hc
+  cid: 377532529
+dashedName: representing-relationships-in-a-relational-database
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What is a foreign key?
+
+## --answers--
+
+A key that is not supposed to be there.
+
+---
+
+A key that uses non-latin characters.
+
+---
+
+A number that points to the primary key of an associated row in a different table.
+
+---
+
+A key that the "real world" might use to look up a row.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08e
+title: 'Relational Databases: Relationship Building'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: CSbqczsHVnc
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 376996473
+  bvid: BV1jo4y1S7VY
+  cid: 377532966
+dashedName: relational-databases-relationship-building
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+What does the INSERT command do in SQL?
+
+## --answers--
+
+It defines a new row by listing the fields we want to include followed by the values we want placed in the new row.
+
+---
+
+It defines a new column by listing the rows we want to include followed by the values we want placed in the new column.
+
+---
+
+It defines a new table by listing the rows and fields we want to include followed by the values that we want placed in the table.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f180b6c005b0e76f08f
+title: 'Relational Databases: Join Operation'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: jvDw3D9GKac
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 804461215
+  bvid: BV1Ry4y1j7tv
+  cid: 377542880
+dashedName: relational-databases-join-operation
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+When using a JOIN clause in an SQL statement, what does ON do?
+
+## --answers--
+
+It indicates what tables to perform the JOIN on.
+
+---
+
+It specifies the fields to use for the JOIN.
+
+---
+
+It indicates how the two tables are to be joined.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f190b6c005b0e76f090.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f190b6c005b0e76f090
+title: 'Relational Databases: Many-to-many Relationships'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: z-SBYcvEQOc
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 291965127
+  bvid: BV1Af4y1L7BK
+  cid: 377543409
+dashedName: relational-databases-many-to-many-relationships
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQ3Qv1z_Vao" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Email</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEkUEAz8j3o" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Roster</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-E7avcPeSE" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Tracks</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZRAoBFIH6A" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Twfriends</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBaJddvJL4A" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Twspider</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which is an example of a many-to-many relationship?
+
+## --answers--
+
+teacher to student
+
+---
+
+customer to order
+
+---
+
+book to pages
+
+---
+
+city to country
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f690b6c005b0e76f095.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f690b6c005b0e76f095
+title: Visualizing Data with Python
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: e3lydkH0prw
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 291996462
+  bvid: BV15f4y1L7jH
+  cid: 377544192
+dashedName: visualizing-data-with-python
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Most data needs to be ______ before using it.
+
+## --answers--
+
+converted to JSON format
+
+---
+
+graphed
+
+---
+
+cleaned
+
+---
+
+memorized
+
+---
+
+turned into song
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+3
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f6a0b6c005b0e76f096.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f6a0b6c005b0e76f096
+title: 'Data Visualization: Page Rank'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: 6-w_qIUwaxU
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 376950472
+  bvid: BV1ho4y1Q72u
+  cid: 377544599
+dashedName: data-visualization-page-rank
+---
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+How does the PageRank algorithm work?
+
+## --answers--
+
+It determines which pages are most highly connected.
+
+---
+
+It ranks pages based on view counts.
+
+---
+
+It figures out which pages contain the most important content.
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+1
+

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/python-for-everybody/5e7b9f6a0b6c005b0e76f097.md

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+---
+id: 5e7b9f6a0b6c005b0e76f097
+title: 'Data Visualization: Mailing Lists'
+challengeType: 11
+videoId: RYdW660KkaQ
+bilibiliIds:
+  aid: 334465586
+  bvid: BV18w411R7dD
+  cid: 377545473
+dashedName: data-visualization-mailing-lists
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+More resources:
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KfhslNzopxo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Geodata</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSpl1-7afAk" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Gmane Model</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3w4lOFBUOI" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Gmane Spider</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LRqVPMEXByw" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Gmane Viz</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFRAZBkBDBs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Page Rank</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXedPQ_AnWA" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Page Spider</a>
+
+\- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fm0hpkxsZoo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Exercise: Page Viz</a>
+
+# --questions--
+
+## --text--
+
+Which is a common JavaScript visualization library?
+
+## --answers--
+
+DataViz.js
+
+---
+
+D3
+
+---
+
+Lowcharts
+
+---
+
+DATA6
+
+## --video-solution--
+
+2
+