elizaos--eliza/plugins/plugin-background-runner

@elizaos/plugin-background-runner

Background task runner plugin for elizaOS. Drives the core TaskService.runDueTasks() from OS-level wake-ups on Capacitor mobile builds (iOS BGTaskScheduler, Android WorkManager). Falls back to a setInterval poll on server, desktop, and web hosts where no native scheduler is available.

What it does

When loaded, the plugin:

1. Registers a BgTaskSchedulerService against the runtime.
2. Sets runtime.serverless = true so core's TaskService defers its internal timer to the OS wake-up path.
3. Schedules a single periodic wake (label "eliza-tasks", default 15-minute minimum interval).
4. On each OS wake-up, calls TaskService.runDueTasks() once, then returns — no long-lived process.

The plugin adds no chat actions, message providers, or evaluators. Its sole contribution is the background scheduler service.

Capabilities added to an Eliza agent

• Periodic background task execution on mobile (iOS and Android) without requiring the app to be in the foreground.
• Uniform plugin interface across platforms: Capacitor mobile uses the native scheduler; server/desktop/web uses a setInterval fallback transparently.

How to enable

Add the plugin to your agent's plugin array:

import backgroundRunnerPlugin from '@elizaos/plugin-background-runner';

export default {
  plugins: [backgroundRunnerPlugin],
  // ...
};

No configuration options are required. The plugin picks the right scheduler backend automatically based on whether @capacitor/background-runner is installed and whether the runtime is a Capacitor native platform.

Required setup for mobile (Capacitor)

On mobile builds, the native side must be configured separately. The plugin handles only the JavaScript scheduling bridge. See INSTALL.md for the complete setup:

• @capacitor/background-runner package installation.
• capacitor.config.ts plugin block with label: "eliza-tasks" (this label must match exactly).
• iOS: BGTaskSchedulerPermittedIdentifiers in Info.plist, Background Modes capability.
• Android: flatDir in build.gradle, WorkManager registration.
• Runner JS file (runners/eliza-tasks.js) in the host app that POSTs to the wake endpoint on each OS wake.

Important: if a Capacitor native platform is detected but @capacitor/background-runner is not installed, the plugin throws on startup rather than silently falling back to setInterval. Silent fallback on mobile would produce no real background execution.

Platform behaviour

Platform	Scheduler	Effective cadence
iOS	BGAppRefreshTask (opportunistic)	~1–4 hours in practice; ~30s wake budget
iOS (heavy)	BGProcessingTask	Longer budget; OS prefers charging + Wi-Fi
Android	WorkManager periodic	15-minute floor; Doze/App Standby may defer
Server / desktop / web	setInterval	Exact interval (default 15 min)

The 15-minute minimumIntervalMinutes default matches the Android WorkManager floor. Setting a shorter interval in capacitor.config.ts will be clamped silently by Android.

Peer dependencies (optional)

These are optional peer dependencies. They are only required on mobile Capacitor builds:

• @capacitor/core
• @capacitor/background-runner (or the alias @capacitor-community/background-runner)

Server, desktop, and web builds do not need them installed.

Related

• INSTALL.md in this package — complete native setup guide for iOS and Android.
• @elizaos/core TaskService — the service this plugin drives on each wake.
• runtime.serverless flag in @elizaos/core — set to true by this plugin to disable the internal timer.