diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -862,10 +862,18 @@
 foreach(CONFIG DEBUG MINSIZEREL RELEASE RELWITHDEBINFO)
   set(EP_CXX_FLAGS_${CONFIG} "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${CONFIG}}")
   set(EP_C_FLAGS_${CONFIG} "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_${CONFIG}}")
-  if(CONFIG STREQUAL DEBUG)
-    set(EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY MultiThreadedDebugDLL)
+  if(ARROW_USE_STATIC_CRT)
+    if(CONFIG STREQUAL DEBUG)
+      set(EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY MultiThreadedDebug)
+    else()
+      set(EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY MultiThreaded)
+    endif()
   else()
-    set(EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY MultiThreadedDLL)
+    if(CONFIG STREQUAL DEBUG)
+      set(EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY MultiThreadedDebugDLL)
+    else()
+      set(EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY MultiThreadedDLL)
+    endif()
   endif()
   string(APPEND EP_CXX_FLAGS_${CONFIG}
          " ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_OPTIONS_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY_${EP_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY}}")