chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution
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This commit is contained in:
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
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---
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paths:
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- "**/*.fs"
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- "**/*.fsx"
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---
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# F# コーディングスタイル
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> このファイルは [common/coding-style.md](../common/coding-style.md) を F# 固有のコンテンツで拡張します。
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## 標準
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- 標準的な F# の規約に従い、正確性のために型システムを活用する
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- デフォルトでイミュータビリティを優先する。パフォーマンス上の理由がある場合のみ `mutable` を使用する
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- モジュールを焦点を絞り、凝集性を保つ
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## 型とモデル
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- ドメインモデリングにはクラス階層よりも判別共用体を優先する
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- 名前付きフィールドを持つデータにはレコードを使用する
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- プリミティブ型に対する型安全なラッパーには単一ケース共用体を使用する
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- 相互運用またはミュータブルなステートが必要でない限り、クラスの使用を避ける
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```fsharp
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type EmailAddress = EmailAddress of string
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type OrderStatus =
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| Pending
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| Confirmed of confirmedAt: DateTimeOffset
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| Shipped of trackingNumber: string
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| Cancelled of reason: string
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type Order =
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{ Id: Guid
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CustomerId: string
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Status: OrderStatus
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Items: OrderItem list }
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```
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## イミュータビリティ
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- レコードはデフォルトでイミュータブル。更新には `with` 式を使用する
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- ミュータブルなコレクションよりも `list`、`map`、`set` を優先する
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- ドメインロジックで `ref` セルとミュータブルフィールドを避ける
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```fsharp
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let rename (profile: UserProfile) newName =
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{ profile with Name = newName }
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```
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## 関数スタイル
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- 大きなメソッドよりも小さく合成可能な関数を優先する
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- パイプ演算子 `|>` を使用して読みやすいデータパイプラインを構築する
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- if/else チェーンよりもパターンマッチングを優先する
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- null の代わりに `Option` を使用する。失敗する可能性のある操作には `Result` を使用する
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```fsharp
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let processOrder order =
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order
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|> validateItems
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|> Result.bind calculateTotal
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|> Result.map applyDiscount
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|> Result.mapError OrderError
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```
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## 非同期とエラーハンドリング
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- .NET の非同期 API との相互運用には `task { }` を使用する
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- F# ネイティブの非同期ワークフローには `async { }` を使用する
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- パブリック非同期 API を通じて `CancellationToken` を伝播する
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- 予期されるエラーには例外ではなく `Result` とRailway指向プログラミングを優先する
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```fsharp
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let loadOrderAsync (orderId: Guid) (ct: CancellationToken) =
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task {
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let! order = repository.FindAsync(orderId, ct)
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return
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order
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|> Option.defaultWith (fun () ->
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failwith $"Order {orderId} was not found.")
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}
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```
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## フォーマット
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- 自動フォーマットには `fantomas` を使用する
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- 意味のある空白を優先する。不要な括弧を避ける
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- 未使用の `open` 宣言を削除する
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### open 宣言の順序
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`open` 文を4つのセクションに空行で区切ってグループ化し、各セクション内は辞書順で並べる:
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1. `System.*`
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2. `Microsoft.*`
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3. サードパーティの名前空間
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4. ファーストパーティ / プロジェクトの名前空間
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```fsharp
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open System
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open System.Collections.Generic
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open System.Threading.Tasks
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open Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http
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open Microsoft.Extensions.Logging
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open FsCheck.Xunit
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open Swensen.Unquote
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open MyApp.Domain
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open MyApp.Infrastructure
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```
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